The rice planting area in Northeast China has reached 5.6 million ha,but the utilization rate of comprehensive culture area in paddy field is only 2%.It is mainly dominated by fish culture in paddy field and crab cult...The rice planting area in Northeast China has reached 5.6 million ha,but the utilization rate of comprehensive culture area in paddy field is only 2%.It is mainly dominated by fish culture in paddy field and crab culture in paddy field,which has broad development prospects.In recent years,the comprehensive planting and culture area of paddy fields in Liaoning Province has developed rapidly with a total of 80000 ha.In accordance with the local environmental conditions,Heilongjiang and Jilin regions have introduced a new model and technology of comprehensive planting and culture in paddy fields,and developed a comprehensive planting and breeding model of paddy fields with characteristics.At present,the comprehensive planting and culture in paddy fields in Northeast China is still in the stage of rapid development,which needs to be further developed towards specialization,scale,industrialization,high quality and brand.展开更多
By measuring wetland plants chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) enzyme activity,the changes of wetland plant physiological characeristics under different power strength were ...By measuring wetland plants chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) enzyme activity,the changes of wetland plant physiological characeristics under different power strength were studied,and the mechanism of electric field on plant physiological characteristics was analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the pollutant removal ability strengthening of artificial wetland under electricfield.The results showed that compared with the control plants,low-intensity-voltage(1 V and 3 V) had no significant effect on the normal physiological and biochemical indexes of the plants,and the growth trend was better than the control group;with the voltage increasing,plant chlorophyll content,MDA content and SOD activity were greatly affected,indicating that plants were under strong oxidative stress,and the growth was damaged.Therefore,a suitable electric field could enhance the sewage treatment effect of constructed wetland.展开更多
This study was conducted to establish a simple convenient method for calculating crop coefficient, and provide a certain basis for the research of the empirical formula for calculating crop coefficient with plant heig...This study was conducted to establish a simple convenient method for calculating crop coefficient, and provide a certain basis for the research of the empirical formula for calculating crop coefficient with plant height which could be measured conveniently with regional differences, especially for the establishment of accurate irrigation schedule of potato in Yunnan. By the field experiment on potato under the condition of drip irrigation, it was found that the models of plant height with corrected FAO-56-recommended K and measured K were a quartic polynomial and a cubic polynomial, respectively, and the polynomial of potato plant height with measured crop coefficient was simpler with higher degree of fitting; and the differences between the period with the highest change rate of potato plant height and the periods with the greatest FAO-56-recommended K and measured K exhibited a differences of 3 d. In conclusion： In the future study of simple or empirical formula calculation of crop coefficient, plant height should be considered as a main dependent variable in that the calculation result would be closer to the measured crop coefficient with the problem of regional difference existing in the FAO method solved and the formula might be simpler; and the irrigation time of potato should be 3 d earlier than the irrigation time determined according to the corrected FAO-56-recommended crop coefficient, especially in the key water requirement stages of potato.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to screen a synergistic biological fungicide complex to control Fusarium wilt, reducing the use of chemical pesticides. [Method] The inhibitory effects of Bacil us subtilis DJ-6 an...[Objective] This study was conducted to screen a synergistic biological fungicide complex to control Fusarium wilt, reducing the use of chemical pesticides. [Method] The inhibitory effects of Bacil us subtilis DJ-6 and pyraclostrobin alone or in combination at five ratios against Fusarium oxysporum were detected by mea-suring mycelium growth rate in laboratory tests. The growth promotion and disease control effect of combined or single use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilutions were detected in field trials. [Result] The EC50 values of combined use of B. subtilis DJ-6 and pyra-clostrobin at ratios of 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3, 1∶4 and 1∶5 against F. oxysporum were 5.311 5, 4.008 6, 3.570 6, 3.350 9 and 3.218 9 μg/ml, with the synergistic ratios （SR） of 2.28, 1.77, 1.53, 1.64, 1.11, among which the synergetic effect at 1∶1 was the best. The fungicidal activity of pyraclostrobin was greater than that of B. subtilis DJ-6 in laboratory tests. Field trials revealed that al the 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilu-tions of 20% pyraclostrobin·2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combination, 1∶1 000 dilution of 1 ×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP and 1∶2 000 dilution of 250 g/L pyra-clostrobin EC promoted the growth of strawberry by increasing plant height, leaf petiole, leaf blade area and stem diameter. Among them, the treatments with 1∶1 000 and 1∶2 000 of 20% pyraclostrobin · 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combina-tion had better effects than other treatments. The control effects of al the treat-ments were measured 30 and 80 d after fungicide application. The control effects of 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combina-tion were up to 100% and 93.11%, which were higher than those in al other treat-ments. The second highest control effects were found in the treatment with 1∶ 2 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination, they were 92.49% and 86.49%, higher than those in other treatments except the 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination. The control effects of 1∶3 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination were 82.61% and 72.42%, higher than those in treatment with 1∶1 000 dilution of 1×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP, but lower than those in treat-ment with 1∶2 000 dilution of 25% pyraclostrobin EC. [Conclusion] Al the results re-vealed that the combination use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000 to 1∶2 000 dilution had better control effect against strawberry Fusarium wilt.展开更多
Arbutoid mycorrhizae were synthesized between adult se- lected clones of Arbutus unedo L. and Pisolithus arhizus. Two micro- propagated clones were tested： ALl, in vitro and C1 （acclimatized plants） in nursery and ...Arbutoid mycorrhizae were synthesized between adult se- lected clones of Arbutus unedo L. and Pisolithus arhizus. Two micro- propagated clones were tested： ALl, in vitro and C1 （acclimatized plants） in nursery and later in a field trial. In vitro, rooted shoots were trans- ferred to test tubes containing the substrate previously inoculated with mycelium cultured on agar. In the nursery, two inoculation treatments were tested （vegetative inocula or dry sporocarps） and compared to con- trol plants. In the field trial, plants from nursery inoculation treatments were compared and an additional control treatment using seedlings was implemented. Plant height was evaluated 4 months later in the nursery and 20 months later in the field trial.展开更多
An open-source software for field-based plant phenotyping,Precision Plots Analyzer(PREPs),was developed using Window.NET.The software runs on 64-bit Windows computers.This software allows the extraction of phenotypic ...An open-source software for field-based plant phenotyping,Precision Plots Analyzer(PREPs),was developed using Window.NET.The software runs on 64-bit Windows computers.This software allows the extraction of phenotypic traits on a per-microplot basis from orthomosaic and digital surface model(DSM)images generated by Structure-from-Motion/Multi-View-Stereo(SfM-MVS)tools.Moreover,there is no need to acquire skills in geographical information system(GIS)or programming languages for image analysis.Three use cases illustrated the software's functionality.The first involved monitoring the growth of sugar beet varieties in an experimental field using an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),where differences among varieties were detected through estimates of crop height,coverage,and volume index.Second,mixed varieties of potato crops were estimated using a UAV and varietal differences were observed from the estimated phenotypic traits.A strong correlation was observed between the manually measured crop height and UAV-estimated crop height.Finally,using a multicamera array attached to a tractor,the height,coverage,and volume index of the 3 potato varieties were precisely estimated.PREPs software is poised to be a useful tool that allows anyone without prior knowledge of programming to extract crop traits for phenotyping.展开更多
This Paper concerns with the numerical modelling of flow field in a tidal river and in the vicinity of intake of a nuclear power plant. The hybrid method of fractional steps presented in [1] was adopted in this modell...This Paper concerns with the numerical modelling of flow field in a tidal river and in the vicinity of intake of a nuclear power plant. The hybrid method of fractional steps presented in [1] was adopted in this modelling. In order to simulate the local flow field nearby the water intake meticulously, the technique of the match of the coarse and fine grids was used. The numerical results are in good agreement with the in-situ measurements of the main current. The detailed data of local flow field nearby the intake provides the assessment of the sediment transport characteristics in the vicinity of intake of the nuclear power plant.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Modern Agricultural System Construction Project of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
文摘The rice planting area in Northeast China has reached 5.6 million ha,but the utilization rate of comprehensive culture area in paddy field is only 2%.It is mainly dominated by fish culture in paddy field and crab culture in paddy field,which has broad development prospects.In recent years,the comprehensive planting and culture area of paddy fields in Liaoning Province has developed rapidly with a total of 80000 ha.In accordance with the local environmental conditions,Heilongjiang and Jilin regions have introduced a new model and technology of comprehensive planting and culture in paddy fields,and developed a comprehensive planting and breeding model of paddy fields with characteristics.At present,the comprehensive planting and culture in paddy fields in Northeast China is still in the stage of rapid development,which needs to be further developed towards specialization,scale,industrialization,high quality and brand.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(10ZR1400300 )Central University Special Foundation of Basic Research and Operating expenses+1 种基金Creative Group Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50721006)Key Discipline construction Project of Shanghai (B604)~~
文摘By measuring wetland plants chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) enzyme activity,the changes of wetland plant physiological characeristics under different power strength were studied,and the mechanism of electric field on plant physiological characteristics was analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the pollutant removal ability strengthening of artificial wetland under electricfield.The results showed that compared with the control plants,low-intensity-voltage(1 V and 3 V) had no significant effect on the normal physiological and biochemical indexes of the plants,and the growth trend was better than the control group;with the voltage increasing,plant chlorophyll content,MDA content and SOD activity were greatly affected,indicating that plants were under strong oxidative stress,and the growth was damaged.Therefore,a suitable electric field could enhance the sewage treatment effect of constructed wetland.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Project of Yunnan Agricultural University(A3007680)the Fund for Scientific Research of Department of Education+1 种基金Yunnan(2014y1902014y193)~~
文摘This study was conducted to establish a simple convenient method for calculating crop coefficient, and provide a certain basis for the research of the empirical formula for calculating crop coefficient with plant height which could be measured conveniently with regional differences, especially for the establishment of accurate irrigation schedule of potato in Yunnan. By the field experiment on potato under the condition of drip irrigation, it was found that the models of plant height with corrected FAO-56-recommended K and measured K were a quartic polynomial and a cubic polynomial, respectively, and the polynomial of potato plant height with measured crop coefficient was simpler with higher degree of fitting; and the differences between the period with the highest change rate of potato plant height and the periods with the greatest FAO-56-recommended K and measured K exhibited a differences of 3 d. In conclusion： In the future study of simple or empirical formula calculation of crop coefficient, plant height should be considered as a main dependent variable in that the calculation result would be closer to the measured crop coefficient with the problem of regional difference existing in the FAO method solved and the formula might be simpler; and the irrigation time of potato should be 3 d earlier than the irrigation time determined according to the corrected FAO-56-recommended crop coefficient, especially in the key water requirement stages of potato.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2012378)Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province(2013-NY-001)Agricultural Science and Technology Research and Development Program of Zhenjiang City(NY2014029)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to screen a synergistic biological fungicide complex to control Fusarium wilt, reducing the use of chemical pesticides. [Method] The inhibitory effects of Bacil us subtilis DJ-6 and pyraclostrobin alone or in combination at five ratios against Fusarium oxysporum were detected by mea-suring mycelium growth rate in laboratory tests. The growth promotion and disease control effect of combined or single use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilutions were detected in field trials. [Result] The EC50 values of combined use of B. subtilis DJ-6 and pyra-clostrobin at ratios of 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3, 1∶4 and 1∶5 against F. oxysporum were 5.311 5, 4.008 6, 3.570 6, 3.350 9 and 3.218 9 μg/ml, with the synergistic ratios （SR） of 2.28, 1.77, 1.53, 1.64, 1.11, among which the synergetic effect at 1∶1 was the best. The fungicidal activity of pyraclostrobin was greater than that of B. subtilis DJ-6 in laboratory tests. Field trials revealed that al the 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilu-tions of 20% pyraclostrobin·2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combination, 1∶1 000 dilution of 1 ×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP and 1∶2 000 dilution of 250 g/L pyra-clostrobin EC promoted the growth of strawberry by increasing plant height, leaf petiole, leaf blade area and stem diameter. Among them, the treatments with 1∶1 000 and 1∶2 000 of 20% pyraclostrobin · 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combina-tion had better effects than other treatments. The control effects of al the treat-ments were measured 30 and 80 d after fungicide application. The control effects of 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combina-tion were up to 100% and 93.11%, which were higher than those in al other treat-ments. The second highest control effects were found in the treatment with 1∶ 2 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination, they were 92.49% and 86.49%, higher than those in other treatments except the 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination. The control effects of 1∶3 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination were 82.61% and 72.42%, higher than those in treatment with 1∶1 000 dilution of 1×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP, but lower than those in treat-ment with 1∶2 000 dilution of 25% pyraclostrobin EC. [Conclusion] Al the results re-vealed that the combination use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000 to 1∶2 000 dilution had better control effect against strawberry Fusarium wilt.
基金supported by a PhD fellowship (SFRH/BD/37170/2007)from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT)
文摘Arbutoid mycorrhizae were synthesized between adult se- lected clones of Arbutus unedo L. and Pisolithus arhizus. Two micro- propagated clones were tested： ALl, in vitro and C1 （acclimatized plants） in nursery and later in a field trial. In vitro, rooted shoots were trans- ferred to test tubes containing the substrate previously inoculated with mycelium cultured on agar. In the nursery, two inoculation treatments were tested （vegetative inocula or dry sporocarps） and compared to con- trol plants. In the field trial, plants from nursery inoculation treatments were compared and an additional control treatment using seedlings was implemented. Plant height was evaluated 4 months later in the nursery and 20 months later in the field trial.
基金partially supported by CREST(JPMJCR1512)AIP Acceleration Research(JPMJCR21U3)of JST.
文摘An open-source software for field-based plant phenotyping,Precision Plots Analyzer(PREPs),was developed using Window.NET.The software runs on 64-bit Windows computers.This software allows the extraction of phenotypic traits on a per-microplot basis from orthomosaic and digital surface model(DSM)images generated by Structure-from-Motion/Multi-View-Stereo(SfM-MVS)tools.Moreover,there is no need to acquire skills in geographical information system(GIS)or programming languages for image analysis.Three use cases illustrated the software's functionality.The first involved monitoring the growth of sugar beet varieties in an experimental field using an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),where differences among varieties were detected through estimates of crop height,coverage,and volume index.Second,mixed varieties of potato crops were estimated using a UAV and varietal differences were observed from the estimated phenotypic traits.A strong correlation was observed between the manually measured crop height and UAV-estimated crop height.Finally,using a multicamera array attached to a tractor,the height,coverage,and volume index of the 3 potato varieties were precisely estimated.PREPs software is poised to be a useful tool that allows anyone without prior knowledge of programming to extract crop traits for phenotyping.
文摘This Paper concerns with the numerical modelling of flow field in a tidal river and in the vicinity of intake of a nuclear power plant. The hybrid method of fractional steps presented in [1] was adopted in this modelling. In order to simulate the local flow field nearby the water intake meticulously, the technique of the match of the coarse and fine grids was used. The numerical results are in good agreement with the in-situ measurements of the main current. The detailed data of local flow field nearby the intake provides the assessment of the sediment transport characteristics in the vicinity of intake of the nuclear power plant.
