Fidget spinners have been marketed as repetitive motion devices that improve attention and motor performance, and as such, they have become quite appealing to individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (A...Fidget spinners have been marketed as repetitive motion devices that improve attention and motor performance, and as such, they have become quite appealing to individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To date, no studies have explored changes in brain activity that may occur due to fidgeting in ADHD. Our aim was to use functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during the performance of a standardized fine motor skills test after using a fidget spinner. Eight right-handed adults with ADHD and eight age and gender matched adults without ADHD (4F/4M, 4 control/4 fidget) performed the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) while their brain oxygenation was monitored using fNIRS. Relative neural efficiency (RNE) and involvement (RNI) were calculated and analyzed for all subtasks of PPT including the less cognitively demanding fine motor subtasks and more complex assembly tasks. The fidget spinner improved both task performance and RNE in the ADHD group but not the non-ADHD group for the less cognitively demanding subtasks. Our results indicate Fidget spinners may improve both relative neural efficiency and fine motor performance in adults with ADHD for less cognitively demanding tasks.展开更多
Raman spectroscopy offers non-destructive and highly sensitive molecular insights into bacterial species,making it a valuable tool for detection,identification,and antibiotic susceptibility testing.However,achieving c...Raman spectroscopy offers non-destructive and highly sensitive molecular insights into bacterial species,making it a valuable tool for detection,identification,and antibiotic susceptibility testing.However,achieving clinically relevant accuracy,quantitative data,and reproducibility remains challenging due to the dominance of bulk signals and the uncontrollable heterogeneity of analytes.In this study,we introduce an innovative diagnostic tool:a plasmonic fidget spinner(P-FS)incorporating a nitrocellulose membrane integrated with a metallic feature,referred to as a nanoplasmonic-enhanced matrix,designed for simultaneous bacterial filtration and detection.We developed a method to fabricate a plasmonic array patterned nitrocellulose membrane using photolithography,which is then integrated with a customized fidget spinner.Testing the P-FS device with various bacterial species(E.coli 25922,S.aureus 25923,E.coli MG1655,Lactobacillus brevis,and S.mutans 3065)demonstrated successful identification based on their unique Raman fingerprints.The bacterial interface with regions within the plasmonic array,where the electromagnetic field is most intensely concentrated—called nanoplasmonic hotspots—on the P-FS significantly enhances sensitivity,enabling more precise detection.SERS intensity mappings from the Raman spectrometer are transformed into digital signals using a threshold-based approach to identify and quantify bacterial distribution.Given the P-FS’s ability to enhance vibrational signatures and its scalable fabrication under routine conditions,we anticipate that nanoplasmonic-enhanced Raman spectroscopy—utilizing nanostructures made from metals(specifically gold and silver)deposited onto a nitrocellulose membrane to amplify Raman scattering signals—will become the preferred technology for reliable and ultrasensitive detection of various analytes,including those crucial to human health,with strong potential for transitioning from laboratory research to clinical applications.展开更多
文摘Fidget spinners have been marketed as repetitive motion devices that improve attention and motor performance, and as such, they have become quite appealing to individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To date, no studies have explored changes in brain activity that may occur due to fidgeting in ADHD. Our aim was to use functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during the performance of a standardized fine motor skills test after using a fidget spinner. Eight right-handed adults with ADHD and eight age and gender matched adults without ADHD (4F/4M, 4 control/4 fidget) performed the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) while their brain oxygenation was monitored using fNIRS. Relative neural efficiency (RNE) and involvement (RNI) were calculated and analyzed for all subtasks of PPT including the less cognitively demanding fine motor subtasks and more complex assembly tasks. The fidget spinner improved both task performance and RNE in the ADHD group but not the non-ADHD group for the less cognitively demanding subtasks. Our results indicate Fidget spinners may improve both relative neural efficiency and fine motor performance in adults with ADHD for less cognitively demanding tasks.
基金supported by the taxpayers of South Korea through the Institute for Basic Science(IBS-R020-D1)the Bio&Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.RS-2024-00508821).
文摘Raman spectroscopy offers non-destructive and highly sensitive molecular insights into bacterial species,making it a valuable tool for detection,identification,and antibiotic susceptibility testing.However,achieving clinically relevant accuracy,quantitative data,and reproducibility remains challenging due to the dominance of bulk signals and the uncontrollable heterogeneity of analytes.In this study,we introduce an innovative diagnostic tool:a plasmonic fidget spinner(P-FS)incorporating a nitrocellulose membrane integrated with a metallic feature,referred to as a nanoplasmonic-enhanced matrix,designed for simultaneous bacterial filtration and detection.We developed a method to fabricate a plasmonic array patterned nitrocellulose membrane using photolithography,which is then integrated with a customized fidget spinner.Testing the P-FS device with various bacterial species(E.coli 25922,S.aureus 25923,E.coli MG1655,Lactobacillus brevis,and S.mutans 3065)demonstrated successful identification based on their unique Raman fingerprints.The bacterial interface with regions within the plasmonic array,where the electromagnetic field is most intensely concentrated—called nanoplasmonic hotspots—on the P-FS significantly enhances sensitivity,enabling more precise detection.SERS intensity mappings from the Raman spectrometer are transformed into digital signals using a threshold-based approach to identify and quantify bacterial distribution.Given the P-FS’s ability to enhance vibrational signatures and its scalable fabrication under routine conditions,we anticipate that nanoplasmonic-enhanced Raman spectroscopy—utilizing nanostructures made from metals(specifically gold and silver)deposited onto a nitrocellulose membrane to amplify Raman scattering signals—will become the preferred technology for reliable and ultrasensitive detection of various analytes,including those crucial to human health,with strong potential for transitioning from laboratory research to clinical applications.
