A comprehensive review of the application status,key technical challenges,and future trends of fiber optic sensing technology applied in space propulsion systems is presented,exploring the feasibility and advantages o...A comprehensive review of the application status,key technical challenges,and future trends of fiber optic sensing technology applied in space propulsion systems is presented,exploring the feasibility and advantages of replacing traditional electronic sensors with fiber optic sensors in extreme space environments.The fundamental principles of fiber optic sensing technology are analyzed,especially focusing on the mathematical models and operational mechanisms of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)and Fabry-Pérot(F-P)cavity sensors.Furthermore,the latest experimental research and technical solutions are summarized in three typical application scenarios:dynamic strain measurement in cryogenic pipelines,design of intelligent propellant tanks,and temperature distribution monitoring of thermal protection materials in electric propulsion systems.Results demonstrate that packaged FBG sensors can effectively suppress spectral distortion at liquid nitrogen temperatures,enabling accurate strain measurement in small-diameter pipelines;fiber optic sensors embedded in carbon fiber composites can provide real-time structural health and leakage monitoring;and distributed optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR)systems can achieve millimeter-level spatial resolution for temperature field monitoring.The discussion identifies remaining technical bottlenecks such as environmental adaptability,packaging techniques,cross-sensitivity,and long-term stability.Future development should focus on integration with smart materials,quantum sensing,on-orbit maintenance,and data-driven decision-making to evolve fiber optic sensing from merely replacing traditional sensors towards enabling intelligent structural systems.展开更多
Structural deformation monitoring of flight vehicles based on optical fiber sensing(OFS)technology has been a focus of research in the field of aerospace.After nearly 30 years of research and development,Chinese and i...Structural deformation monitoring of flight vehicles based on optical fiber sensing(OFS)technology has been a focus of research in the field of aerospace.After nearly 30 years of research and development,Chinese and international researchers have made significant advances in the areas of theory and methods,technology and systems,and ground experiments and flight tests.These advances have led to the development of OFS technology from the laboratory research stage to the engineering application stage.However,a few problems encountered in practical applications limit the wider application and further development of this technology,and thus urgently require solutions.This paper reviews the history of research on the deformation monitoring of flight vehicles.It examines various aspects of OFS-based deformation monitoring including the main varieties of OFS technology,technical advantages and disadvantages,suitability in aerospace applications,deformation reconstruction algorithms,and typical applications.This paper points out the key unresolved problems and the main evolution paradigms of engineering applications.It further discusses future development directions from the perspectives of an evolution paradigm,standardization,new materials,intelligentization,and collaboration.展开更多
Extensive urban areas worldwide face significant landslide hazards, impacting inhabitants, buildings, and critical infrastructures alike. In the case of slow-moving deep-seated landslides involving huge areas and char...Extensive urban areas worldwide face significant landslide hazards, impacting inhabitants, buildings, and critical infrastructures alike. In the case of slow-moving deep-seated landslides involving huge areas and characterized by complex patterns, when the cost of repairing infrastructures, relocating communities, and restoring cultural sites might be such that it is unsustainable for the community, the exposed structures require significant effort for their surveillance and protection, which can be supported by the development of innovative monitoring systems. For this purpose, a smart extenso-inclinometer, realized by equipping a conventional inclinometer tube with distributed strain and temperature transducers based on optical fiber sensing technology, is presented. In situ monitoring of the active deep-seated San Nicola landslide in Centola (Campania, southern Italy) demonstrated its ability to capture the main features of movements and reconstruct a tridimensional evolution of the landslide pattern, even when the entity of both vertical and horizontal soil strain components is comparable. Although further tests are needed to definitively ascertain the extensometer function of the new device, by interpreting the strain profiles of the landslide body and identifying the achievement of predetermined thresholds, this system could provide a warning of the trigger of a landslide event. The use of the smart extenso-inclinometer within an early warning system for slow-moving landslides holds immense potential for reducing the impact of landslide events.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2202800)。
文摘A comprehensive review of the application status,key technical challenges,and future trends of fiber optic sensing technology applied in space propulsion systems is presented,exploring the feasibility and advantages of replacing traditional electronic sensors with fiber optic sensors in extreme space environments.The fundamental principles of fiber optic sensing technology are analyzed,especially focusing on the mathematical models and operational mechanisms of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)and Fabry-Pérot(F-P)cavity sensors.Furthermore,the latest experimental research and technical solutions are summarized in three typical application scenarios:dynamic strain measurement in cryogenic pipelines,design of intelligent propellant tanks,and temperature distribution monitoring of thermal protection materials in electric propulsion systems.Results demonstrate that packaged FBG sensors can effectively suppress spectral distortion at liquid nitrogen temperatures,enabling accurate strain measurement in small-diameter pipelines;fiber optic sensors embedded in carbon fiber composites can provide real-time structural health and leakage monitoring;and distributed optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR)systems can achieve millimeter-level spatial resolution for temperature field monitoring.The discussion identifies remaining technical bottlenecks such as environmental adaptability,packaging techniques,cross-sensitivity,and long-term stability.Future development should focus on integration with smart materials,quantum sensing,on-orbit maintenance,and data-driven decision-making to evolve fiber optic sensing from merely replacing traditional sensors towards enabling intelligent structural systems.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51705024,51535002,51675053,61903041,61903042,and 61903041)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFF0101801)+4 种基金the National Hightech Research and Development Program of China(2015AA042308)the Innovative Equipment Pre-Research Key Fund Project(6140414030101)the Manned Space Pre-Research Project(20184112043)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(F7202017 and 4204101)the Beijing Nova Program of Science and Technology(Z191100001119052)。
文摘Structural deformation monitoring of flight vehicles based on optical fiber sensing(OFS)technology has been a focus of research in the field of aerospace.After nearly 30 years of research and development,Chinese and international researchers have made significant advances in the areas of theory and methods,technology and systems,and ground experiments and flight tests.These advances have led to the development of OFS technology from the laboratory research stage to the engineering application stage.However,a few problems encountered in practical applications limit the wider application and further development of this technology,and thus urgently require solutions.This paper reviews the history of research on the deformation monitoring of flight vehicles.It examines various aspects of OFS-based deformation monitoring including the main varieties of OFS technology,technical advantages and disadvantages,suitability in aerospace applications,deformation reconstruction algorithms,and typical applications.This paper points out the key unresolved problems and the main evolution paradigms of engineering applications.It further discusses future development directions from the perspectives of an evolution paradigm,standardization,new materials,intelligentization,and collaboration.
基金supported by Universita della Campania“L.Vanvitelli”,Program VALERE“VAnviteLli pEr la RicErca”(Grant No.516/2018)Italian Ministry of Economic Development#NOACRONYM Project,PoC MISE 2021.
文摘Extensive urban areas worldwide face significant landslide hazards, impacting inhabitants, buildings, and critical infrastructures alike. In the case of slow-moving deep-seated landslides involving huge areas and characterized by complex patterns, when the cost of repairing infrastructures, relocating communities, and restoring cultural sites might be such that it is unsustainable for the community, the exposed structures require significant effort for their surveillance and protection, which can be supported by the development of innovative monitoring systems. For this purpose, a smart extenso-inclinometer, realized by equipping a conventional inclinometer tube with distributed strain and temperature transducers based on optical fiber sensing technology, is presented. In situ monitoring of the active deep-seated San Nicola landslide in Centola (Campania, southern Italy) demonstrated its ability to capture the main features of movements and reconstruct a tridimensional evolution of the landslide pattern, even when the entity of both vertical and horizontal soil strain components is comparable. Although further tests are needed to definitively ascertain the extensometer function of the new device, by interpreting the strain profiles of the landslide body and identifying the achievement of predetermined thresholds, this system could provide a warning of the trigger of a landslide event. The use of the smart extenso-inclinometer within an early warning system for slow-moving landslides holds immense potential for reducing the impact of landslide events.
