In this work, Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) was used to prepare the fermentation broths with antioxidant activity. Through the optimization of the carbon source, three kinds of S. epidermidis fermentatio...In this work, Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) was used to prepare the fermentation broths with antioxidant activity. Through the optimization of the carbon source, three kinds of S. epidermidis fermentation broth were obtained and designated as SFB, Gly-SFB, and Glu-SFB, which were cultivated in beef protein medium and the beef protein medium supplemented with glycerol or glucose, respectively. The differences in antioxidant efficacy of SFB, Gly-SFB and Glu-SFB were investigated by evaluating intracellular ROS fluorescence intensity, SOD enzyme activity and MDA concentration. Gly-SFB and Glu-SFB exhibited a greater capacity to eliminate ROS as compared to that of SFB. The intracellular SOD enzyme activity increased as the concentrations of SFB and Gly-SFB increased. Nevertheless, the intracellular SOD enzyme activity was the highest after the treatment with Glu-SFB at the low concentrations. The intracellular MDA content reached a lower value after the treatment with Gly-SFB and Glu-SFB at lower concentrations, which was opposite to the case after the treatment with SFB. WB indicated that the S. epidermidis fermentation broth regulated the expression of relevant proteins in the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway to exhibit the antioxidant effects. This indicates that the S. epidermidis fermentation broth promotes the expression of relevant proteins in the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway, consequently, antioxidant benefits were exerted. The fermentation broth that were prepared by incorporating glycerol or glucose into the culture medium can augment their antioxidant activity.展开更多
Aim A liquid chromatographic method for the determination ofcandicidin/FR-008 and related components in fermentation broth has been developed. Methods Therewere four major components in the candicidin/FR-008 complex, ...Aim A liquid chromatographic method for the determination ofcandicidin/FR-008 and related components in fermentation broth has been developed. Methods Therewere four major components in the candicidin/FR-008 complex, which were separated by HPLC under thefollowing conditions: SB-C8 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was used, the mobile phase consisted ofacetonitrileam-monium acteate (20 mmol·L^(-1) , pH 4.0) (40:60, V/V) , with a flow rate of 1 .0mL·min^(-1) , the UV detection wavelength was 380 nm, and the whole process was performed at 25℃ .Results The linearity was obtained in the range of 6.25 - 500 μg· mL^(-1) candicidin/FR-008 withthe regression equation of Y = 20 461 x + 30 748 and the correlation coefficient of 0.999 1. Theinstrument precision was 1.84% and the method precision was 3.8%. Conclusion This method isaccurate, rapid and simple; it can be used for determination of candicidin/FR-008 and relatedcomponents in fermentation broth.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study if the fermentation broth of Kombucha has protein with antimicrobial activity. [Method] The effects of different cultivation time on cell concentration, pH, total protein concentration...[Objective] The aim was to study if the fermentation broth of Kombucha has protein with antimicrobial activity. [Method] The effects of different cultivation time on cell concentration, pH, total protein concentration and inhibition zone were studied. The fermentation broth of Kombucha on the sixth day was adjusted to different pH. Fermentation broth treated with protease was put into the plates of Escherichia co/i, Bacillus cereue and Staphylococcus aureus as control, as well as ampenicilin. The zone of broth inhibition was measured. [ Result] The concentration of general protein was of positive relevance to the antimicrobial activity of Kombucha fermentation broth. The zone of inhibition decreased with rising pH and was the lowest when pH was 7. Later, as pH increasing, it enlarged. The inhibition effect of processed protease reduced remarkably. [ Conclusion] The fermentation broth of Kombucha revealed antimicrobial proteins.展开更多
The aim of this study was to design a new emulsion liquid membrane(ELM)system for the separation of succinic acid from aqueous solutions.The concentration of succinic acid varied from 20 to 60 mmol·L^(-1).The pre...The aim of this study was to design a new emulsion liquid membrane(ELM)system for the separation of succinic acid from aqueous solutions.The concentration of succinic acid varied from 20 to 60 mmol·L^(-1).The prepared ELM system includes tributylamine(TBA)as a carrier,commercial kerosene as a solvent,Span 80 as a surfactant,and Na2CO3as a stripping agent.In order to control the membrane swelling,different values of cyclohexanone were added to the membrane phase.The effect of various empirical variables on the extraction of the succinic acid such as acid concentration in the feed solution,initial feed concentration,carrier concentration,the stirring speed of the extraction,Na2CO3,surfactant,and cyclohexanone concentrations,and treat ratio in the ELM system.The best result was obtained when TBA was used as the carrier.The final acid extraction efficiency was independent of pH variations of the aqueous feed solution.The extraction of succinic acid solution with a concentration of 40 mmol·L^(-1)was improved by increasing the treat ratio 1:7-1:3,stripping phase concentration 0.5-1.5 mol·L^(-1),stirring speed 300-500 r·min^(-1)and cyclohexanone concentration in the membrane phase 1.2-1.6 mol·L^(-1).No considerable effect on the extraction rate was observed for the carrier concentration in the membrane phase.But,the surfactant concentration in the feed phase showed a dual effect on the extraction efficiency.展开更多
The feasibility of ethanol separation from ethanol-water solution saturated with glucose by gas strippingis showil theoretically and experimentally. The effects of glucose on the saturated vapor pressure of ethanol, a...The feasibility of ethanol separation from ethanol-water solution saturated with glucose by gas strippingis showil theoretically and experimentally. The effects of glucose on the saturated vapor pressure of ethanol, and thatof operating temperature and gas stripping flow rates, K/G, on Stripping result are discussed.展开更多
A number of ion-exchange resins were tested on their capacity to adeorb citric acid,among them resin 335, D315, Amberlite IRA-35 andIRA-68 exhibited higher adsorptioncapacity We Chose resin 335 and D315 to be used for...A number of ion-exchange resins were tested on their capacity to adeorb citric acid,among them resin 335, D315, Amberlite IRA-35 andIRA-68 exhibited higher adsorptioncapacity We Chose resin 335 and D315 to be used for extraction of citric acid fromfermentation broth, followed by elution with 10% ammonia liquor decoloration with K-15 carbon and removal of ammonia with resin 732, converting citrate to free citric acidwith a concentration of 10% and on amount of readily carbonizable substance meetingthe GB 8269-87 standard.展开更多
More and more studies have reported the role of Paecilomyces hepiali polysaccharides in bidirectional regulation(immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory).However,there are few collaborative studies on the structure,i...More and more studies have reported the role of Paecilomyces hepiali polysaccharides in bidirectional regulation(immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory).However,there are few collaborative studies on the structure,immune enhancement,and anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharides from the fermentation broth of P.hepiali(PHP)and the mechanisms are still unclear.The present study aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying the dual-immunomodulatory(immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory).PHP40 was precipitated with 40%ethanol from PHP40 and further purified to obtain PHP40-2.The chemical characteristics of PHP40-2 was analyzed by chemical and instrumental analyses,and the double immunomodulatory effects of RAW264.7 macrophages were investigated.PHP40-2 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of→4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→,→6)-α-D-Manp-(1→,α-D-Glcp-(1→,and→4)-β-D-Galp-(1→,and its molecular weight was 6.2×10^(5) Da.The nitric oxide(No)production,phagocytosis activity,and cytokine secretion were significantly increased(P<0.05)after PHP40-2 treatment;however,PHP40-2 could inhibit No production and cytokine secretion in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages(P<0.05).After mRNA and protein expression analysis,toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway was discovered to play an important role in the dual-immunomodulatory effects of PHP40-2.This study reveals that the fermentation broth of PHP is also a valuable resource and PHP40-2 has the potential to be developed as a novel functional food.展开更多
The black soldier fly(BSF),Hermetia illucens(Diptera:Stratiomyidae),is an insect commonly used for the bioconversion of various organic wastes.Not only can the BSF convert organic waste into macromolecular organic sub...The black soldier fly(BSF),Hermetia illucens(Diptera:Stratiomyidae),is an insect commonly used for the bioconversion of various organic wastes.Not only can the BSF convert organic waste into macromolecular organic substances,such as insect pro-teins,but it can also lessen the pollution associated with these waste products by reducing ammonia emissions,for example.In this study,we measured the effects of adding fruit fermentation broth(Fer)and commercial lactic acid bacteria fermentation broth(Em)to kitchen waste(KW),as deodorizing auxiliary substances,on the growth performance of black soldier fly larvae(BSFL),the intestinal flora structure of BSFL,the ammonia emis-sion from the KW substrate,and the microbial community structure of the KW substrate.We found that the addition of Fer or Em increased the body weight of BSFL after 6 d of culture,increasing the growth rate by 9.96%and 7.96%,respectively.The addition of Fer not only reduced the pH of the KW substrate but also increased the relative abundance of probiotics,such as Lactobacillus,Lysinibacillus,and Vagococcus,which inhibited the growth of ammonifiers such as Bacillus,Oligella,Paenalcaligenes,Paenibacillus,Pseu-dogracilibacillus,and Pseudomonas,resulting in the reduction of ammonia emission in the KW substrate.Moreover,the addition of Fer or Em significantly increased the rela-tive abundances of Bacteroides,Campylobacter,Dysgonomonas,Enterococcus,and Ig-natzschineria in the gut of BSFL and increased the species diversity and richness in the K W substrate.Our findings provide a novel way to improve the conversion rate of organic waste and reduce the environmental pollution caused by BSF.展开更多
As one of the most appealing edible mushrooms,the quality of Flammulina velutipes can be affected by the cultivation substrate,which has an impact on the mushroom umami taste and nutrients.In our study,the effect of m...As one of the most appealing edible mushrooms,the quality of Flammulina velutipes can be affected by the cultivation substrate,which has an impact on the mushroom umami taste and nutrients.In our study,the effect of mushroom root fermentation broth(MRFB)based substrate on umami taste and nutrients of F.velutipes were evaluated;four proportions of MRFB were conducted(CK 0%,E16.7%,E213.4%,E320.1%).Results indicated that MRFB was an effective nutrient supplement for mushroom cultivation substrate.E2 and E3 showed higher crude fiber,crude fat,and soluble protein.Compared to CK,the content of monosodium glutamate-like(MSG-like)amino acids,essential amino acids,total amino acids,and total 5′-nucleotides in E2 and E3 were higher.The equivalent umami concentration(EUC)values in E1,E2 and E3 were 1.70,2.43 and 1.56 times that of CK,respectively.Higher umami,saltness and sweetness taste values were found in E2.Thereby,it signified that better umami and richer nutrients were achieved by using substrate with proper volume of MRFB,especially,E2 with 13.4%of MRFB.Overall,better mushroom quality could be derived from the application of MRFB in cultivation.MRFB was a favorable nutrient supplement for F.velutipes cultivation substrate.展开更多
The correlation between microbial community succession and volatile flavor substance changes in the fermentation of new pickle fermentation broth was revealed in this study via high-throughput sequencing and gas chrom...The correlation between microbial community succession and volatile flavor substance changes in the fermentation of new pickle fermentation broth was revealed in this study via high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Microbiological analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus(relative abundance≥93.98%)was the dominant bacterial genus in the broth,whereas Enterobacter was richest only in the first sampling.E-nose and GC-MS inspections revealed that the types and contents of volatile flavor compounds increased continuously with fermentation,rising from 27 volatile flavor compounds in the first sampling to a maximum of 62 species,with the content increasing from 8.686μg/mL to 106.083μg/mL.Olefins and alcohols had the highest proportions throughout the fermentation process.The Spearman correlation coefficient revealed that 77 volatile flavor compounds and 22 bacterial genera had medium-high correlations(|ρ|>0.6).Lactobacillus(Gen1),the most dominant genus,was significantly positively correlated with 21 volatile compounds(ρ>0.6),including myrcene(Ole7),terpinene(Ole12)and ocimene(Ole1),but negatively associated with 13 volatile compounds(ρ<-0.6),including 5-methyl-4-nonene(Ole5l),anisole(Ole26)and 2-octen-4-one(Ket6).Thus,this study may provide a theoretical basis to improve the flavour and overall quality of the new pickle fermentation broth.展开更多
The authors regrets that there were certain errors in the published article which detailed below.Correction to the original text in the Abstract:“The KEGG pathway analysis of differential metabolites showed that the ...The authors regrets that there were certain errors in the published article which detailed below.Correction to the original text in the Abstract:“The KEGG pathway analysis of differential metabolites showed that the GPb4103 hindered BC synthesis of the JY6211 by altering accu-mulation of metabolites in the fermentation broth through metabolic pathways.”Corrected text is as follows:The KEGG pathway analysis of differential metabolites showed that the GPb4103 hindered BC synthesis of the JY6211 by altering accu-mulation of metabolites in the fermentation broth through BC anabo-lism pathway.展开更多
Dictyophora indusiata(D.indusiata),a valuable medicinal and edible mushroom,is known for its numerous health benefits,but its pileus is often overlooked.In this study,we utilized Halomonas species TD01(Halomonas sp.TD...Dictyophora indusiata(D.indusiata),a valuable medicinal and edible mushroom,is known for its numerous health benefits,but its pileus is often overlooked.In this study,we utilized Halomonas species TD01(Halomonas sp.TD01)to ferment extracts of D.indusiata pileus to facilitate the release of bioactive components and enhance antioxidant activity.The results showed that Halomonas sp.TD01 effectively converted the extracts into a series of active metabolites.The fermented broth not only scavenged free radicals directly but also alleviated oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide in HaCaT cells.By increasing catalase activity and glutathione levels,it enhances cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms,and this effect was confirmed to be closely linked to the Nrf2 signaling pathway.Furthermore,network pharmacological analysis identified potential targets for the antioxidant activity of the fermented broth:mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,tumor protein p53,protein kinase B1,albumin,tumor necrosis factor,and insulin.In conclusion,fermentation using Halomonas sp.TD01 effectively transforms active components in D.indusiata pileus and enhances its antioxidant capacity.These findings pave a new way for the development of D.indusiata pileus in potential health benefits and provide strong support for its application in various fields such as food production,cosmetic development,and pharmaceuticals.展开更多
In recent years,the global incidence of chronic kidney disease caused by popular high-protein diet is on the rise.As a traditional edible and medicinal fungus in Asian countries,Inonotus hispidus has been proved to ha...In recent years,the global incidence of chronic kidney disease caused by popular high-protein diet is on the rise.As a traditional edible and medicinal fungus in Asian countries,Inonotus hispidus has been proved to have a variety of biological activities.In this study,a mouse model of chronic kidney disease was established,and the effect of Inonotus hispidus on chronic kidney disease induced by high protein diet was clarified by the compre-hensive strategy of metabonomics and intestinal microbiota analysis.We found that Inonotus hispidus fermen-tation broth may alleviate renal damage by regulating glycerol phospholipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism,and its fermentation broth can reverse the intestinal microbiota imbalance caused by high-protein diet.In addition,through analysis,it is found that high-protein diet can down-regulate the level of Farnesoid X receptor in the kidney,resulting in lipid accumulation and a series of pathological changes in the kidney.We believe that Inonotus hispidus has the potential to become a new type of safe and effective functional food for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.展开更多
6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate(F-53B)is a novel food contaminant that can accumulate in organisms within the food chain,posing significant risks to human health.Currently,there are no safe and effecti...6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate(F-53B)is a novel food contaminant that can accumulate in organisms within the food chain,posing significant risks to human health.Currently,there are no safe and effective measures to alleviate the injury caused by F-53B,particularly liver injury.Based on the healthpromoting potential of fermented foods,this study aims to assess whether Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P101-fermented Luffa cylindrica juice(LLJ)exerts alleviating effects against F-53B-induced liver injury in mice.Following orally administering 10 mL/kg body weight/day of LLJ to C57BL/6J male mice exposed to F-53B at 1 mg/kg body weight/day for 56 days,liver,colon,blood,and fecal samples were collected to assess liver damage,gut function and microbiota composition,and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels.LLJ treatment effectively alleviated F-53B-induced liver function decline and liver steatosis.Moreover,LLJ treatment effectively alleviated F-53B-induced colon injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis.Crucially,fecal microbiota transplantation experiment demonstrated the crucial role of LLJ-modulated gut microbiota in alleviating F-53B-induced liver injury.Further analysis indicated that the alleviating effects of LLJ may be mediated through increased SCFA production by the gut microbiota.These findings suggest that adding fermented products to the diet may alleviate the adverse effects of emerging food contaminants.Our work offers new perspectives on the potential of fermented products as dietary interventions to counteract the adverse effects of contaminants like F-53B,offering promising avenues for dietary therapy.展开更多
Luffa cylindrica is a multifunctional plant resource with excellent but little-known functional properties,limited by its low processing and utilization rates.The emerging probiotic fermentation processing is an effic...Luffa cylindrica is a multifunctional plant resource with excellent but little-known functional properties,limited by its low processing and utilization rates.The emerging probiotic fermentation processing is an efficient and convenient way to improve the utilization rate of fruits and vegetables.To investigate the impact of probiotic fermentation on the functional properties of Luffa cylindrica,we fermented Luffa cylindrica with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P101 and compared the intervention effects of Luffa cylindrica juice(LJ)and Luffa cylindrica fermentation broth(LF)on the damage caused by cyclophosphamide(CTX).After 14 days of intervention with LJ or LF,we collected samples from the thymus,spleen,blood,ileum,and cecum contents from BALB/C mice for subsequent analysis.The results indicate that LF provides better relief from CTX-induced damage than LJ.The main adverse effects caused by immune dysregulation,thymic atrophy,decreased blood leukocyte(WBC)count,and intestinal cytokine levels,were further improved by LF intervention.In addition,under the intervention of LF,intestinal epithelial cells and crypts were further protected,and their tight junction protein expression and mucus secretion were also promoted.Intestinal microbial dysbiosis,positively correlated with intestinal barrier disruption and immunosuppression,was also further alleviated by LF intervention.In summary,fermentation significantly enhanced immune modulation,intestinal barrier repair,and intestinal microbiota regulation of Luffa cylindrica.The results of our study may help people realize the little-known valuable functional properties of Luffa cylindrica,and may be expected to expand the types of functional foods.展开更多
文摘In this work, Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) was used to prepare the fermentation broths with antioxidant activity. Through the optimization of the carbon source, three kinds of S. epidermidis fermentation broth were obtained and designated as SFB, Gly-SFB, and Glu-SFB, which were cultivated in beef protein medium and the beef protein medium supplemented with glycerol or glucose, respectively. The differences in antioxidant efficacy of SFB, Gly-SFB and Glu-SFB were investigated by evaluating intracellular ROS fluorescence intensity, SOD enzyme activity and MDA concentration. Gly-SFB and Glu-SFB exhibited a greater capacity to eliminate ROS as compared to that of SFB. The intracellular SOD enzyme activity increased as the concentrations of SFB and Gly-SFB increased. Nevertheless, the intracellular SOD enzyme activity was the highest after the treatment with Glu-SFB at the low concentrations. The intracellular MDA content reached a lower value after the treatment with Gly-SFB and Glu-SFB at lower concentrations, which was opposite to the case after the treatment with SFB. WB indicated that the S. epidermidis fermentation broth regulated the expression of relevant proteins in the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway to exhibit the antioxidant effects. This indicates that the S. epidermidis fermentation broth promotes the expression of relevant proteins in the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway, consequently, antioxidant benefits were exerted. The fermentation broth that were prepared by incorporating glycerol or glucose into the culture medium can augment their antioxidant activity.
文摘Aim A liquid chromatographic method for the determination ofcandicidin/FR-008 and related components in fermentation broth has been developed. Methods Therewere four major components in the candicidin/FR-008 complex, which were separated by HPLC under thefollowing conditions: SB-C8 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was used, the mobile phase consisted ofacetonitrileam-monium acteate (20 mmol·L^(-1) , pH 4.0) (40:60, V/V) , with a flow rate of 1 .0mL·min^(-1) , the UV detection wavelength was 380 nm, and the whole process was performed at 25℃ .Results The linearity was obtained in the range of 6.25 - 500 μg· mL^(-1) candicidin/FR-008 withthe regression equation of Y = 20 461 x + 30 748 and the correlation coefficient of 0.999 1. Theinstrument precision was 1.84% and the method precision was 3.8%. Conclusion This method isaccurate, rapid and simple; it can be used for determination of candicidin/FR-008 and relatedcomponents in fermentation broth.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Beijing Educational DepartmentBeijing Higher School Personnel Teaching Program
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study if the fermentation broth of Kombucha has protein with antimicrobial activity. [Method] The effects of different cultivation time on cell concentration, pH, total protein concentration and inhibition zone were studied. The fermentation broth of Kombucha on the sixth day was adjusted to different pH. Fermentation broth treated with protease was put into the plates of Escherichia co/i, Bacillus cereue and Staphylococcus aureus as control, as well as ampenicilin. The zone of broth inhibition was measured. [ Result] The concentration of general protein was of positive relevance to the antimicrobial activity of Kombucha fermentation broth. The zone of inhibition decreased with rising pH and was the lowest when pH was 7. Later, as pH increasing, it enlarged. The inhibition effect of processed protease reduced remarkably. [ Conclusion] The fermentation broth of Kombucha revealed antimicrobial proteins.
文摘The aim of this study was to design a new emulsion liquid membrane(ELM)system for the separation of succinic acid from aqueous solutions.The concentration of succinic acid varied from 20 to 60 mmol·L^(-1).The prepared ELM system includes tributylamine(TBA)as a carrier,commercial kerosene as a solvent,Span 80 as a surfactant,and Na2CO3as a stripping agent.In order to control the membrane swelling,different values of cyclohexanone were added to the membrane phase.The effect of various empirical variables on the extraction of the succinic acid such as acid concentration in the feed solution,initial feed concentration,carrier concentration,the stirring speed of the extraction,Na2CO3,surfactant,and cyclohexanone concentrations,and treat ratio in the ELM system.The best result was obtained when TBA was used as the carrier.The final acid extraction efficiency was independent of pH variations of the aqueous feed solution.The extraction of succinic acid solution with a concentration of 40 mmol·L^(-1)was improved by increasing the treat ratio 1:7-1:3,stripping phase concentration 0.5-1.5 mol·L^(-1),stirring speed 300-500 r·min^(-1)and cyclohexanone concentration in the membrane phase 1.2-1.6 mol·L^(-1).No considerable effect on the extraction rate was observed for the carrier concentration in the membrane phase.But,the surfactant concentration in the feed phase showed a dual effect on the extraction efficiency.
文摘The feasibility of ethanol separation from ethanol-water solution saturated with glucose by gas strippingis showil theoretically and experimentally. The effects of glucose on the saturated vapor pressure of ethanol, and thatof operating temperature and gas stripping flow rates, K/G, on Stripping result are discussed.
文摘A number of ion-exchange resins were tested on their capacity to adeorb citric acid,among them resin 335, D315, Amberlite IRA-35 andIRA-68 exhibited higher adsorptioncapacity We Chose resin 335 and D315 to be used for extraction of citric acid fromfermentation broth, followed by elution with 10% ammonia liquor decoloration with K-15 carbon and removal of ammonia with resin 732, converting citrate to free citric acidwith a concentration of 10% and on amount of readily carbonizable substance meetingthe GB 8269-87 standard.
基金sponsored by Zhejiang Provincial Key Researchand Development Program(2022C04036,2023C02040)ChinaPostdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2022M712846).
文摘More and more studies have reported the role of Paecilomyces hepiali polysaccharides in bidirectional regulation(immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory).However,there are few collaborative studies on the structure,immune enhancement,and anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharides from the fermentation broth of P.hepiali(PHP)and the mechanisms are still unclear.The present study aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying the dual-immunomodulatory(immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory).PHP40 was precipitated with 40%ethanol from PHP40 and further purified to obtain PHP40-2.The chemical characteristics of PHP40-2 was analyzed by chemical and instrumental analyses,and the double immunomodulatory effects of RAW264.7 macrophages were investigated.PHP40-2 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of→4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→,→6)-α-D-Manp-(1→,α-D-Glcp-(1→,and→4)-β-D-Galp-(1→,and its molecular weight was 6.2×10^(5) Da.The nitric oxide(No)production,phagocytosis activity,and cytokine secretion were significantly increased(P<0.05)after PHP40-2 treatment;however,PHP40-2 could inhibit No production and cytokine secretion in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages(P<0.05).After mRNA and protein expression analysis,toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway was discovered to play an important role in the dual-immunomodulatory effects of PHP40-2.This study reveals that the fermentation broth of PHP is also a valuable resource and PHP40-2 has the potential to be developed as a novel functional food.
基金funded by the Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects in Shandong Province(2019JZZY010709)the Open Project of Liaocheng Universtiy Animal Husbandry Discipline(319312101-02)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662020SKPY002)the Key Technology R&D Program of Hubei Province(2021BBA258).
文摘The black soldier fly(BSF),Hermetia illucens(Diptera:Stratiomyidae),is an insect commonly used for the bioconversion of various organic wastes.Not only can the BSF convert organic waste into macromolecular organic substances,such as insect pro-teins,but it can also lessen the pollution associated with these waste products by reducing ammonia emissions,for example.In this study,we measured the effects of adding fruit fermentation broth(Fer)and commercial lactic acid bacteria fermentation broth(Em)to kitchen waste(KW),as deodorizing auxiliary substances,on the growth performance of black soldier fly larvae(BSFL),the intestinal flora structure of BSFL,the ammonia emis-sion from the KW substrate,and the microbial community structure of the KW substrate.We found that the addition of Fer or Em increased the body weight of BSFL after 6 d of culture,increasing the growth rate by 9.96%and 7.96%,respectively.The addition of Fer not only reduced the pH of the KW substrate but also increased the relative abundance of probiotics,such as Lactobacillus,Lysinibacillus,and Vagococcus,which inhibited the growth of ammonifiers such as Bacillus,Oligella,Paenalcaligenes,Paenibacillus,Pseu-dogracilibacillus,and Pseudomonas,resulting in the reduction of ammonia emission in the KW substrate.Moreover,the addition of Fer or Em significantly increased the rela-tive abundances of Bacteroides,Campylobacter,Dysgonomonas,Enterococcus,and Ig-natzschineria in the gut of BSFL and increased the species diversity and richness in the K W substrate.Our findings provide a novel way to improve the conversion rate of organic waste and reduce the environmental pollution caused by BSF.
基金This work was supported by Liaoning Provincial Department of Educational Annual(2019)Scientific Research Fund Project(NO.LSNZD201903)Shenyang Bureau of Science and Technology Annual(2021)Scientific Research Fund Project(NO.21110319)Shenyang Agricultural University,high-end talent introduction fund project(NO.SYAU20160003)。
文摘As one of the most appealing edible mushrooms,the quality of Flammulina velutipes can be affected by the cultivation substrate,which has an impact on the mushroom umami taste and nutrients.In our study,the effect of mushroom root fermentation broth(MRFB)based substrate on umami taste and nutrients of F.velutipes were evaluated;four proportions of MRFB were conducted(CK 0%,E16.7%,E213.4%,E320.1%).Results indicated that MRFB was an effective nutrient supplement for mushroom cultivation substrate.E2 and E3 showed higher crude fiber,crude fat,and soluble protein.Compared to CK,the content of monosodium glutamate-like(MSG-like)amino acids,essential amino acids,total amino acids,and total 5′-nucleotides in E2 and E3 were higher.The equivalent umami concentration(EUC)values in E1,E2 and E3 were 1.70,2.43 and 1.56 times that of CK,respectively.Higher umami,saltness and sweetness taste values were found in E2.Thereby,it signified that better umami and richer nutrients were achieved by using substrate with proper volume of MRFB,especially,E2 with 13.4%of MRFB.Overall,better mushroom quality could be derived from the application of MRFB in cultivation.MRFB was a favorable nutrient supplement for F.velutipes cultivation substrate.
基金supported by the Science and technology support program of Sichuan[2019NZZJ0028,2020YFN0151 and 2021YFQ0071]key project of technological innovation and application development special item in Chongqing[cstc2021jscx-cy1hX0014]the College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Sichuan[S202110650007].
文摘The correlation between microbial community succession and volatile flavor substance changes in the fermentation of new pickle fermentation broth was revealed in this study via high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Microbiological analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus(relative abundance≥93.98%)was the dominant bacterial genus in the broth,whereas Enterobacter was richest only in the first sampling.E-nose and GC-MS inspections revealed that the types and contents of volatile flavor compounds increased continuously with fermentation,rising from 27 volatile flavor compounds in the first sampling to a maximum of 62 species,with the content increasing from 8.686μg/mL to 106.083μg/mL.Olefins and alcohols had the highest proportions throughout the fermentation process.The Spearman correlation coefficient revealed that 77 volatile flavor compounds and 22 bacterial genera had medium-high correlations(|ρ|>0.6).Lactobacillus(Gen1),the most dominant genus,was significantly positively correlated with 21 volatile compounds(ρ>0.6),including myrcene(Ole7),terpinene(Ole12)and ocimene(Ole1),but negatively associated with 13 volatile compounds(ρ<-0.6),including 5-methyl-4-nonene(Ole5l),anisole(Ole26)and 2-octen-4-one(Ket6).Thus,this study may provide a theoretical basis to improve the flavour and overall quality of the new pickle fermentation broth.
文摘The authors regrets that there were certain errors in the published article which detailed below.Correction to the original text in the Abstract:“The KEGG pathway analysis of differential metabolites showed that the GPb4103 hindered BC synthesis of the JY6211 by altering accu-mulation of metabolites in the fermentation broth through metabolic pathways.”Corrected text is as follows:The KEGG pathway analysis of differential metabolites showed that the GPb4103 hindered BC synthesis of the JY6211 by altering accu-mulation of metabolites in the fermentation broth through BC anabo-lism pathway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.51975458 and 51605370)Key R&D program of Shaanxi Province(2022SF-069).
文摘Dictyophora indusiata(D.indusiata),a valuable medicinal and edible mushroom,is known for its numerous health benefits,but its pileus is often overlooked.In this study,we utilized Halomonas species TD01(Halomonas sp.TD01)to ferment extracts of D.indusiata pileus to facilitate the release of bioactive components and enhance antioxidant activity.The results showed that Halomonas sp.TD01 effectively converted the extracts into a series of active metabolites.The fermented broth not only scavenged free radicals directly but also alleviated oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide in HaCaT cells.By increasing catalase activity and glutathione levels,it enhances cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms,and this effect was confirmed to be closely linked to the Nrf2 signaling pathway.Furthermore,network pharmacological analysis identified potential targets for the antioxidant activity of the fermented broth:mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,tumor protein p53,protein kinase B1,albumin,tumor necrosis factor,and insulin.In conclusion,fermentation using Halomonas sp.TD01 effectively transforms active components in D.indusiata pileus and enhances its antioxidant capacity.These findings pave a new way for the development of D.indusiata pileus in potential health benefits and provide strong support for its application in various fields such as food production,cosmetic development,and pharmaceuticals.
基金funded by the Wuxi Science and Technology Development Fund Project(K20221001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP123006 and JUSRP123008).
文摘In recent years,the global incidence of chronic kidney disease caused by popular high-protein diet is on the rise.As a traditional edible and medicinal fungus in Asian countries,Inonotus hispidus has been proved to have a variety of biological activities.In this study,a mouse model of chronic kidney disease was established,and the effect of Inonotus hispidus on chronic kidney disease induced by high protein diet was clarified by the compre-hensive strategy of metabonomics and intestinal microbiota analysis.We found that Inonotus hispidus fermen-tation broth may alleviate renal damage by regulating glycerol phospholipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism,and its fermentation broth can reverse the intestinal microbiota imbalance caused by high-protein diet.In addition,through analysis,it is found that high-protein diet can down-regulate the level of Farnesoid X receptor in the kidney,resulting in lipid accumulation and a series of pathological changes in the kidney.We believe that Inonotus hispidus has the potential to become a new type of safe and effective functional food for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
基金supported by the Research Foundation from Academic and Technical Leaders of Major Disciplines in Jiangxi Province,China(20194BCJ22004)the“Unveiling and Commanding”Project of Fuzhou,Jiangxi Province,China(No.2022JDB45).
文摘6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate(F-53B)is a novel food contaminant that can accumulate in organisms within the food chain,posing significant risks to human health.Currently,there are no safe and effective measures to alleviate the injury caused by F-53B,particularly liver injury.Based on the healthpromoting potential of fermented foods,this study aims to assess whether Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P101-fermented Luffa cylindrica juice(LLJ)exerts alleviating effects against F-53B-induced liver injury in mice.Following orally administering 10 mL/kg body weight/day of LLJ to C57BL/6J male mice exposed to F-53B at 1 mg/kg body weight/day for 56 days,liver,colon,blood,and fecal samples were collected to assess liver damage,gut function and microbiota composition,and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels.LLJ treatment effectively alleviated F-53B-induced liver function decline and liver steatosis.Moreover,LLJ treatment effectively alleviated F-53B-induced colon injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis.Crucially,fecal microbiota transplantation experiment demonstrated the crucial role of LLJ-modulated gut microbiota in alleviating F-53B-induced liver injury.Further analysis indicated that the alleviating effects of LLJ may be mediated through increased SCFA production by the gut microbiota.These findings suggest that adding fermented products to the diet may alleviate the adverse effects of emerging food contaminants.Our work offers new perspectives on the potential of fermented products as dietary interventions to counteract the adverse effects of contaminants like F-53B,offering promising avenues for dietary therapy.
基金supported by the Research Foundation from Academic and Technical Leaders of Major Disciplines in Jiangxi Province,China(20194BCJ22004)the“Unveiling and Commanding”Project of Fuzhou,Jiangxi Province,China(No.2022JDB45).
文摘Luffa cylindrica is a multifunctional plant resource with excellent but little-known functional properties,limited by its low processing and utilization rates.The emerging probiotic fermentation processing is an efficient and convenient way to improve the utilization rate of fruits and vegetables.To investigate the impact of probiotic fermentation on the functional properties of Luffa cylindrica,we fermented Luffa cylindrica with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P101 and compared the intervention effects of Luffa cylindrica juice(LJ)and Luffa cylindrica fermentation broth(LF)on the damage caused by cyclophosphamide(CTX).After 14 days of intervention with LJ or LF,we collected samples from the thymus,spleen,blood,ileum,and cecum contents from BALB/C mice for subsequent analysis.The results indicate that LF provides better relief from CTX-induced damage than LJ.The main adverse effects caused by immune dysregulation,thymic atrophy,decreased blood leukocyte(WBC)count,and intestinal cytokine levels,were further improved by LF intervention.In addition,under the intervention of LF,intestinal epithelial cells and crypts were further protected,and their tight junction protein expression and mucus secretion were also promoted.Intestinal microbial dysbiosis,positively correlated with intestinal barrier disruption and immunosuppression,was also further alleviated by LF intervention.In summary,fermentation significantly enhanced immune modulation,intestinal barrier repair,and intestinal microbiota regulation of Luffa cylindrica.The results of our study may help people realize the little-known valuable functional properties of Luffa cylindrica,and may be expected to expand the types of functional foods.
