The Ozone Monitoring Suite-Nadir(OMS-N),a state-of-the-art hyperspectral ultraviolet-visible(UV-VIS)sensor onboard China's FengYun-3F(FY-3F)satellite,was launched in August 2023.Designed for a morning orbit,OMS-N ...The Ozone Monitoring Suite-Nadir(OMS-N),a state-of-the-art hyperspectral ultraviolet-visible(UV-VIS)sensor onboard China's FengYun-3F(FY-3F)satellite,was launched in August 2023.Designed for a morning orbit,OMS-N represents a significant advancement in global atmospheric composition monitoring,offering an unprecedented spatial resolution of 7 km×7 km.The total ozone column(TOC)product derived from OMS-N is critical for climate modeling and UVradiation assessment.This study presents the first TOC retrievals from OMS-N,utilizing an adapted Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(DOAS)algorithm.The retrieval algorithm overcomes traditional DOAS limitations by incorporating key innovations,including optimized radiative transfer calculations and refined a priori information on surface properties and ozone profiles,which are derived directly from OMS-N spectra rather than relying on external datasets or climatologies.Validation against ground-based measurements from Brewer,Dobson,and SAOZ instruments at 33 sites demonstrated strong agreement,with correlation coefficients mostly greater than 0.9.Comparisons with other well-established satellite instruments,including TROPOMI and GOME-2B,showed that OMS-N can consistently capture global seasonal ozone patterns,with biases typically within 2%across hemispheres and seasons.These results establish OMS-N as a reliable tool for high-resolution dynamic ozone monitoring,significantly enhancing our ability to address climate and environmental challenges.展开更多
Aerosol optical depth （AOD） is the most basic paxalneter that describes the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols, and it can be used to indicate aerosol content. In this study, we assimilated AOD data from the...Aerosol optical depth （AOD） is the most basic paxalneter that describes the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols, and it can be used to indicate aerosol content. In this study, we assimilated AOD data from the Fengyun-3A （FY-3A） and MODIS meteorological satellite using the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation three-dimensional variational data assimilation system. Experiments were conducted for a dust storm over East Asia in April 2011. Each 0600 UTC analysis initialized a 24-h Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry model forecast. The results generally showed that the assimilation of satellite AOD observational data can significantly improve model aerosol mass prediction skills. The AOD distribution of the analysis field was closer to the observations of the satellite after assimilation of satellite AOD data. In addition, the analysis resulting from the experiment assimilating both FY-3A/MERSI （Medium-resolution Spectral Imager） AOD data and MODIS AOD data had closer agreement with the ground-based values than the individual assimilation of the two datasets for the dust storm over East Asia. These results suggest that the Chinese FY-3A satellite aerosol products can be effectively applied to numerical models and dust weather analysis.展开更多
信号素(Semaphorin)作为一组多功能的蛋白质,占据神经系统功能发育的关键,包括对调节突触形成和神经元的生长的同时,还参与调控细胞周期、影响细胞形态的转变,以及在肿瘤学中,它们能够影响肿瘤细胞的生长、侵袭和转移,以及在免疫反应中...信号素(Semaphorin)作为一组多功能的蛋白质,占据神经系统功能发育的关键,包括对调节突触形成和神经元的生长的同时,还参与调控细胞周期、影响细胞形态的转变,以及在肿瘤学中,它们能够影响肿瘤细胞的生长、侵袭和转移,以及在免疫反应中发挥作用。信号素(Semaphorin, SEMA)是一类分泌型、膜结合型或糖磷脂酰肌醇锚定的糖蛋白,与神经发育、轴突引导、骨分化、心血管系统以及癌症等相关。Sema3F (Semaphorin 3F)是信号素家族轴突引导分子的一种分泌型,参与神经元的发育。Sema3F及其受体神经纤毛蛋白-2在胚胎小鼠大脑区域(包括嗅球、海马体和大脑皮层)中以互斥方式表达。Sema3F作用在神经元上,可引起下游因子的改变,包括CREBBP、CREB、VEGF等,能够下调P53表达、影响GABA能系统、下调RacGTP水平、促进CRMP2磷酸化等。本文通过综述的方法,对Sema3F在神经元下游因子进行叙述,为研究Sema3F在神经元中的功能提供帮助。Semaphorin, as a group of multifunctional proteins, plays a crucial role in the functional development of the nervous system. It not only regulates synapse formation and the growth of neurons but also participates in the regulation of the cell cycle, influences the transformation of cell morphology. Moreover, in oncology, it can affect the growth, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells and also plays a role in immune responses. Semaphorin (SEMA) is a type of secreted, membrane-bound or glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein, which is related to neural development, axon guidance, bone differentiation, the cardiovascular system and cancer, etc. Sema3F, a secreted form of the axon guidance molecules in the Semaphorin family, is involved in the development of neurons. Sema3F and its receptor neuropilin-2 are expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in the brain regions (including the olfactory bulb, hippocampus and cerebral cortex) of embryonic mice. When Sema3F acts on neurons, it can cause changes in downstream factors, including CREBBP, CREB, VEGF, etc. It can downregulate the expression of P53, affect the GABAergic system, downregulate the level of RacGTP and promote the phosphorylation of CRMP2, etc. Through the method of review, this article describes the downstream factors of Sema3F in neurons, aiming to provide assistance for the research on the functions of Sema3F in neurons.展开更多
本文通过综述的形式,论述了保守轴突导向因子Semaphorins的信号蛋白Semaphorins3F (Sema3F)的在神经系统中作用的研究。基于对Sema3F的概述,我们对神经的作用进行了系统总结。在神经发育的过程中,Sema3F作为调节因子,参与皮层椎体神经...本文通过综述的形式,论述了保守轴突导向因子Semaphorins的信号蛋白Semaphorins3F (Sema3F)的在神经系统中作用的研究。基于对Sema3F的概述,我们对神经的作用进行了系统总结。在神经发育的过程中,Sema3F作为调节因子,参与皮层椎体神经元树突密度的调节及诱导树突消除和树突细胞体的回缩等多种功能。同样在对Sema3F在感觉神经中的作用的研究中,我们发现其对于嗅觉系统、视觉、内耳和牙神经等有着重要的作用。本文还探讨了Sema3F对于包括自闭症、精神分裂症和癫痫等神经系统疾病的作用。我们认为,Sema3F在神经元的发育、感觉神经以及多种神经系统疾病中均起着重要的作用。This article, in the form of a review, discusses the research on the role of the semaphorin family member Semaphorin 3F (Sema3F), a conserved axon guidance molecule, in the nervous system. Based on an overview of Sema3F, we systematically summarize its effects on neurons. During the process of neural development, Sema3F acts as a regulatory factor, participating in the modulation of dendritic density in cortical pyramidal neurons, as well as inducing dendritic elimination and retraction of dendritic cell bodies, among other functions. Similarly, in studies on the role of Sema3F in sensory neurons, we have found that it plays an important role in the olfactory system, vision, inner ear, and dental nerves. The article also explores the role of Sema3F in various neurological disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. We believe that Sema3F plays a significant role in the development of neurons, sensory neurons, and a variety of neurological diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3907500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42375142 and 42305154)+2 种基金the Open Fund of Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC)FengYun Application Pioneering Project(Grant No.FY-APPZX-2022.0214)the National Civilian Space Infrastructure Project(Grant No.Y5BZ31AC60)。
文摘The Ozone Monitoring Suite-Nadir(OMS-N),a state-of-the-art hyperspectral ultraviolet-visible(UV-VIS)sensor onboard China's FengYun-3F(FY-3F)satellite,was launched in August 2023.Designed for a morning orbit,OMS-N represents a significant advancement in global atmospheric composition monitoring,offering an unprecedented spatial resolution of 7 km×7 km.The total ozone column(TOC)product derived from OMS-N is critical for climate modeling and UVradiation assessment.This study presents the first TOC retrievals from OMS-N,utilizing an adapted Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(DOAS)algorithm.The retrieval algorithm overcomes traditional DOAS limitations by incorporating key innovations,including optimized radiative transfer calculations and refined a priori information on surface properties and ozone profiles,which are derived directly from OMS-N spectra rather than relying on external datasets or climatologies.Validation against ground-based measurements from Brewer,Dobson,and SAOZ instruments at 33 sites demonstrated strong agreement,with correlation coefficients mostly greater than 0.9.Comparisons with other well-established satellite instruments,including TROPOMI and GOME-2B,showed that OMS-N can consistently capture global seasonal ozone patterns,with biases typically within 2%across hemispheres and seasons.These results establish OMS-N as a reliable tool for high-resolution dynamic ozone monitoring,significantly enhancing our ability to address climate and environmental challenges.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos.2017YFC1502100 and 2016YFA0602302)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant Nos.BK20160954 and BK20170940)+3 种基金the Beijige Funding from Jiangsu Research Institute of Meteorological Science (Grant Nos.BJG201510 and BJG201604)the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST (Grant Nos.2016r27,2016r043 and 2017r058)a project for data application of Fengyun3 meteorological satellite [FY-3(02)UDS-1.1.2]the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Aerosol optical depth （AOD） is the most basic paxalneter that describes the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols, and it can be used to indicate aerosol content. In this study, we assimilated AOD data from the Fengyun-3A （FY-3A） and MODIS meteorological satellite using the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation three-dimensional variational data assimilation system. Experiments were conducted for a dust storm over East Asia in April 2011. Each 0600 UTC analysis initialized a 24-h Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry model forecast. The results generally showed that the assimilation of satellite AOD observational data can significantly improve model aerosol mass prediction skills. The AOD distribution of the analysis field was closer to the observations of the satellite after assimilation of satellite AOD data. In addition, the analysis resulting from the experiment assimilating both FY-3A/MERSI （Medium-resolution Spectral Imager） AOD data and MODIS AOD data had closer agreement with the ground-based values than the individual assimilation of the two datasets for the dust storm over East Asia. These results suggest that the Chinese FY-3A satellite aerosol products can be effectively applied to numerical models and dust weather analysis.
文摘信号素(Semaphorin)作为一组多功能的蛋白质,占据神经系统功能发育的关键,包括对调节突触形成和神经元的生长的同时,还参与调控细胞周期、影响细胞形态的转变,以及在肿瘤学中,它们能够影响肿瘤细胞的生长、侵袭和转移,以及在免疫反应中发挥作用。信号素(Semaphorin, SEMA)是一类分泌型、膜结合型或糖磷脂酰肌醇锚定的糖蛋白,与神经发育、轴突引导、骨分化、心血管系统以及癌症等相关。Sema3F (Semaphorin 3F)是信号素家族轴突引导分子的一种分泌型,参与神经元的发育。Sema3F及其受体神经纤毛蛋白-2在胚胎小鼠大脑区域(包括嗅球、海马体和大脑皮层)中以互斥方式表达。Sema3F作用在神经元上,可引起下游因子的改变,包括CREBBP、CREB、VEGF等,能够下调P53表达、影响GABA能系统、下调RacGTP水平、促进CRMP2磷酸化等。本文通过综述的方法,对Sema3F在神经元下游因子进行叙述,为研究Sema3F在神经元中的功能提供帮助。Semaphorin, as a group of multifunctional proteins, plays a crucial role in the functional development of the nervous system. It not only regulates synapse formation and the growth of neurons but also participates in the regulation of the cell cycle, influences the transformation of cell morphology. Moreover, in oncology, it can affect the growth, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells and also plays a role in immune responses. Semaphorin (SEMA) is a type of secreted, membrane-bound or glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein, which is related to neural development, axon guidance, bone differentiation, the cardiovascular system and cancer, etc. Sema3F, a secreted form of the axon guidance molecules in the Semaphorin family, is involved in the development of neurons. Sema3F and its receptor neuropilin-2 are expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in the brain regions (including the olfactory bulb, hippocampus and cerebral cortex) of embryonic mice. When Sema3F acts on neurons, it can cause changes in downstream factors, including CREBBP, CREB, VEGF, etc. It can downregulate the expression of P53, affect the GABAergic system, downregulate the level of RacGTP and promote the phosphorylation of CRMP2, etc. Through the method of review, this article describes the downstream factors of Sema3F in neurons, aiming to provide assistance for the research on the functions of Sema3F in neurons.
文摘本文通过综述的形式,论述了保守轴突导向因子Semaphorins的信号蛋白Semaphorins3F (Sema3F)的在神经系统中作用的研究。基于对Sema3F的概述,我们对神经的作用进行了系统总结。在神经发育的过程中,Sema3F作为调节因子,参与皮层椎体神经元树突密度的调节及诱导树突消除和树突细胞体的回缩等多种功能。同样在对Sema3F在感觉神经中的作用的研究中,我们发现其对于嗅觉系统、视觉、内耳和牙神经等有着重要的作用。本文还探讨了Sema3F对于包括自闭症、精神分裂症和癫痫等神经系统疾病的作用。我们认为,Sema3F在神经元的发育、感觉神经以及多种神经系统疾病中均起着重要的作用。This article, in the form of a review, discusses the research on the role of the semaphorin family member Semaphorin 3F (Sema3F), a conserved axon guidance molecule, in the nervous system. Based on an overview of Sema3F, we systematically summarize its effects on neurons. During the process of neural development, Sema3F acts as a regulatory factor, participating in the modulation of dendritic density in cortical pyramidal neurons, as well as inducing dendritic elimination and retraction of dendritic cell bodies, among other functions. Similarly, in studies on the role of Sema3F in sensory neurons, we have found that it plays an important role in the olfactory system, vision, inner ear, and dental nerves. The article also explores the role of Sema3F in various neurological disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. We believe that Sema3F plays a significant role in the development of neurons, sensory neurons, and a variety of neurological diseases.
