Qing Fei Xiao Yan Wan had been incorporated into the existing “Chinese Pharmacopoeia”, protected by patents. The manufacturing process of it was scientific and its compatibility was reasonable. It was also shown by ...Qing Fei Xiao Yan Wan had been incorporated into the existing “Chinese Pharmacopoeia”, protected by patents. The manufacturing process of it was scientific and its compatibility was reasonable. It was also shown by clinical trials that the efficacy is exact. Clinical trials and experiment studies had confirmed the efficacy and some mechanism for the treatment of respiratory diseases, which were summaried in this paper. Combined with the experimental results (published in another paper), the other prospect application was further discussed.展开更多
Objective:By data mining,to analyze the characteristics of Professor Han Fei’s medication in the treatment of children with epilepsy,to explore the rules of medication,in order to provide reference for clinical treat...Objective:By data mining,to analyze the characteristics of Professor Han Fei’s medication in the treatment of children with epilepsy,to explore the rules of medication,in order to provide reference for clinical treatment of children with epilepsy by Chinese medicine.Methods:From January 2008 to March 2021,we collected the diagnosis and treatment data of the children with epilepsy who were treated by Professor Han Fei in the outpatient department of Guang’Anmen Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.Using the software of IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0,the characteristics and rules of Professor Hanfei’s Chinese materia medica used were summarized through the descriptive analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis of drug cumulative frequency,drug flavor,drug channel tropism and efficacy.Results:A total of 224 cases were included in this study,excluding 1 case with other neurological disorders.Finally,223 prescriptions were included,involving 176 kinds of Chinese materia medica and the total medication frequency was 4712.The first 10 highfrequency Chinese materia medica were Chaihu(95.52%),Bombyx batryticatus(94.17%),keels(83.41%),oysters(72.65%),earthworm(72.20%),fructus aurantii(66.37%),Scorpion(64.57%),Gastrodia elata(60.99%),Acorus gramineus(59.19%)and Dannan Xing(58.30%).The main Chinese materia medica used were mainly for suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind,relieving exterior syndromes and tranquillizing mind.The medicine properties were mainly to be flat,slight cold,pungent,bitter and willing,and they were mainly for liver,lung and heart meridian tropism.Correlation Analysis:Bupleurum chinense,Bombyx batryticatus,Dragon Bone,oyster as its core medicine group,Semen Ziziphi spinosae and semen platycladi are effective strong correlation medicine pair.Three medicine combinations were obtained by cluster analysis.Conclusion:Hanshi has the characteristics of“calming liver,tranquilizing mind,calming endogenous wind,removing the phlegm and extravasated blood”in treating epilepsy.展开更多
Fei Xiaotong’s(Fei Hsiao-tung)works on rural economies and societies written in the 1940s were deeply affected by British economic historian R.H.Tawney.Through comparison,this article reveals at least two connections...Fei Xiaotong’s(Fei Hsiao-tung)works on rural economies and societies written in the 1940s were deeply affected by British economic historian R.H.Tawney.Through comparison,this article reveals at least two connections between their works.First,Tawney’s analysis of the transition from agricultural modernization to industrial modernization in Britain serves as a reference for Fei’s works on the economic transformation of the Yangtze Valley in Jiangsu and Lucun village in Yunnan.Second,Tawney’s“theory of gentry”also serves as the underlying view for Fei’s theory on the functions of the Chinese gentry.However,Fei does not simply follow Tawney’s steps.Instead,he offers unique insights into the issues of horticulture transformation and gentry types in China.Furthermore,in Fei’s social theory and practice,the role of“state”was considered to be less positive.The interrelations of the community,market,intellectuals and the state construct Fei’s modernization scheme of China.His idea about how China,a slower participant in the world system,can maintain economic autonomy was still valuable today.展开更多
Han Fei presented a thought-provoking perspective on human nature and its implications for governance.Departing from traditional moral doctrines,Han Fei’s“non-moralistic”philosophy posited that human nature is inhe...Han Fei presented a thought-provoking perspective on human nature and its implications for governance.Departing from traditional moral doctrines,Han Fei’s“non-moralistic”philosophy posited that human nature is inherently self-interested and driven by personal gain.In this paper,we explore Han Fei’s keen insights into human nature and its practical application in political governance.His emphasis on aligning political strategies with human inclinations,rather than relying solely on moral preaching,highlights the complexity and pragmatism of his approach.However,we also examine the limitations of his philosophy,particularly in disregarding individual differences and idealism.By striking a balance between political expediency and moral considerations,Han Fei’s ideas continue to resonate with contemporary discussions on governance and human behavior.This study calls for a reflective and cautious assessment of the implications of Han Fei’s“non-moralistic”thought in today’s society.展开更多
Cui Fei was born in 1970 in Jinan,Shandong Province.After graduating from the China Academy of Fine Arts,Hangzhou,she moved to the United States in 1996 and has been resident there ever since.Although painting was the...Cui Fei was born in 1970 in Jinan,Shandong Province.After graduating from the China Academy of Fine Arts,Hangzhou,she moved to the United States in 1996 and has been resident there ever since.Although painting was the primary focus in the first展开更多
As a national cultural property,General Zhang Fei’s Temple is the largest ancient architectural complex in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.It was built in the Han Dynasty and has a long history of nearly 2,000 ...As a national cultural property,General Zhang Fei’s Temple is the largest ancient architectural complex in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.It was built in the Han Dynasty and has a long history of nearly 2,000 years.In 1994,the Chinese government launched the Three Gorges Dam project at the Yangtze River and implemented the largest relocation project for the General Zhang Fei Temple to prevent it from being submerged.The temple was relocated 32 kilometers upstream along with the local people of Yunyang County,and the historic environment was rebuilt on the opposite side of the migrant city of New Yunyang County.The temple was restored successfully and the tradition of offering sacrifices to General Zhang Fei continued in the local community.The relocation project lasted for 8 years and became the largest cultural heritage conservation project of the People’s Republic of China at the end of the 20th century.This paper comprehensively summarizes and reviews the project goals,implementation process,and project highlights of this relocation,so as to provide an important case reference for heritage conservation projects in the future.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical effect and safety of Lu'e Biyan Formula(LBF)combined with loratadine in the treatment of moderate to severe allergic rhinitis(AR)patients with Fei(Lung)-qi deficiencycoldness(FQDC...Objective:To observe the clinical effect and safety of Lu'e Biyan Formula(LBF)combined with loratadine in the treatment of moderate to severe allergic rhinitis(AR)patients with Fei(Lung)-qi deficiencycoldness(FQDC)syndrome.Methods:From September 2023 to December 2024,moderate to severe AR patients with FQDC syndrome were recruited from the Outpatient Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases Part 1,China-Japan Friendship Hospital.Participants were randomly assigned to a test group and a control group by using a random number table at a ratio of 1:1.Both groups received oral loratadine tablets(10 mg,once daily)for 2 weeks.In addition,the test group received oral LBF(30 mL,twice daily),and the control group received a placebo of LBF.Changes in the Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS),Total Non-nasal Symptom Score(TNNSS),Visual Analog Scale(VAS),Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(RQLQ),and Chinese medicine(CM)syndrome scores before and after treatment were compared between groups.Moreover,the total effective rates and disease recurrence rates were compared.Adverse events(AEs)during the study period were also recorded.Results:Totally 109 participants were recruited,and the full analysis set included 105 cases,54 in the test group and 51 in the control group.Compared with the pre-treatment values,the scores of sneezing,runny nose,nasal obstruction,nasal itching,TNSS,TNNSS,VAS,RQLQ,and CM syndrome were significantly reduced in both groups at 1 and 2 weeks post-treatment and 12 weeks postdrug withdrawal(P<0.01).After treatment,the aforementioned scores in the test group were all markedly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).Moreover,the total effective rate in the test group was higher than that in the control group(98.15%vs.70.59%,P<0.01).After 12 weeks of drug withdrawal,there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between groups(13.21%vs.22.22%,P>0.05).No obvious AEs were observed in either group following treatment.Conclusions:The combination of LBF with loratadine can effectively alleviate the symptoms of moderate to severe AR patients with FQDC syndrome,thereby improving their quality of life.This therapy demonstrated both precise effect and high safety.(Trial registration No.ITMCTR2025000589)展开更多
Objective：To explore the effect of Tanreqing Injection（痰热清注射液,TRQI） on the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD） with Chinese medicine syndrome of retention of phl...Objective：To explore the effect of Tanreqing Injection（痰热清注射液,TRQI） on the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD） with Chinese medicine syndrome of retention of phlegm and heat in Fei（痰热阻肺证,RPHF）.Methods：In a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial,90 patients with AECOPD of RPHF syndrome were randomly assigned to 3 groups,TRQI and controls A and B,each with 30 cases.The TRQI group was administered with the intravenous injections of 20 mL TRQI once a day and conventional Western medicine treatment.Control group A was administered with the intravenous injection of 15 mg ambroxol hydrochloride twice a day and conventional Western medicine treatment,and control group B was administered with conventional Western medicine treatment only.The treatments were administered for 10 days.Chinese medical symptoms and signs were scored,and plasma concentrations of interleukin（IL）-8 and neutrophil elastase（NE） were recorded.Results：（1） The Chinese medical symptoms （cough,sputum amount,expectoration,dyspnea and fever） and signs（tongue and pulse） improved significantly in the TRQI group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,and improvements in cough,sputum amount and expectoration were better in the TRQI group than control group B（P〈0.05）;there was no significant difference between the TRQI group and control group A（P〉0.05）.The sign of tongue was also improved significantly in the TRQI group （P〈0.05）.（2） The overall effects in the TRQI group and control group A were significantly better than in control group B（P〈0.05）,with no significant differences between the TRQI group and control group A（P〉0.05）.There was no significant difference in the total effective rate among the three groups（P〉0.05）.（3） After treatment, the plasma concentrations of IL-8 and NE decreased in the TRQI group and control group A（P〈0.05）,and the concentration of IL-8 in control group B decreased（P〈0.05）.The difference in IL-8 was greater in the TRQI group than in control group A and B before and after treatment,and the change in NE was greater in control group A than in the TRQI group and control group B,but there was no statistical significance among the three groups with regards to the change in IL-8 or NE（P〉0.05）.Conclusion：TRQI could improved the Chinese medical signs and symptoms in the patients with AECOPD,possibly because of the decreasing plasma levels of IL-8 and NE which could improve response to airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion.展开更多
Objective:To objectively evaluate the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine in treating children s respiratory syncytial viral pneumonia(RSVP) of phlegm-heat blocking Fei(肺) syndrome(PHBFS). Methods:A singl...Objective:To objectively evaluate the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine in treating children s respiratory syncytial viral pneumonia(RSVP) of phlegm-heat blocking Fei(肺) syndrome(PHBFS). Methods:A single-blinded multi-center,blocked,randomized and parallel-controlled method was adopted.The clinical study was carried out on 206 children with RSVP-PHBFS who were assigned to two groups,108 in the test group treated through intravenous dripping of Qingkailing Injection(清开灵注射液) in combination of or...展开更多
Objective： By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time, to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Methods： A total of 468 h...Objective： By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time, to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Methods： A total of 468 healthy college student volunteers received moxibustion at the eight confluent points in three different periods of time, i.e. Chen （7：00-9：00）, Wu （11：00-13：00） and Xu （19：00-21：00）. The thermal pain threshold latency was adopted to measure the changes in pain threshold of the eight confluent points under different conditions （different periods of time, different genders, different acupoints and different states of the acupoints） based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Results： Finally, thirty subjects dropped out and 438 subjects were included. The comparison of thermal pain threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in the same opening or closing state based on Fei Teng Ba Fa： latencies of the closing points and adjunct points were significantly different in different periods of time （P〈0.05）, the latencies of the males were significantly longer than those of the females （P〈0.05）; there was no significant difference in the latency between the left and right sides （P〉0.05）; in the female group, there was a significant difference in the latency between the lower-limb points and the upper-limb points （P〈0.05）. The comparison of thermal point threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in different opening or closing state： in the period of Wu （11：00-13：00）, the latencies of the opening points were significantly longer than those of the closing points and adjunct points （P〈0.05）; for men, their opening and closing points had significantly longer thermal pain threshold latencies than their adjunct points （P〈0.05）; despite the gender, the latencies of the upper limb opening and closing points were significantly longer than the latency of the adjunct points （P〈0.05）; in the female group, the latencies of the lower-limb opening points were significantly shorter than those of the lower-limb closing and adjunct points （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Based on Fei Teng Ba Fa, the pain thresholds of the eight confluent points vary in different periods of time, gender, acupoint location and opening/closing state, which can be taken as the evidence of making time-based acu puncture-moxibustion prescriptions.展开更多
文摘Qing Fei Xiao Yan Wan had been incorporated into the existing “Chinese Pharmacopoeia”, protected by patents. The manufacturing process of it was scientific and its compatibility was reasonable. It was also shown by clinical trials that the efficacy is exact. Clinical trials and experiment studies had confirmed the efficacy and some mechanism for the treatment of respiratory diseases, which were summaried in this paper. Combined with the experimental results (published in another paper), the other prospect application was further discussed.
基金Special Fund Support for Basic Scientific Research Business Fee of Central Level Public Welfare Research Institute(No.ZZ13-024-05,ZZ15-XY-PT-03)。
文摘Objective:By data mining,to analyze the characteristics of Professor Han Fei’s medication in the treatment of children with epilepsy,to explore the rules of medication,in order to provide reference for clinical treatment of children with epilepsy by Chinese medicine.Methods:From January 2008 to March 2021,we collected the diagnosis and treatment data of the children with epilepsy who were treated by Professor Han Fei in the outpatient department of Guang’Anmen Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.Using the software of IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0,the characteristics and rules of Professor Hanfei’s Chinese materia medica used were summarized through the descriptive analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis of drug cumulative frequency,drug flavor,drug channel tropism and efficacy.Results:A total of 224 cases were included in this study,excluding 1 case with other neurological disorders.Finally,223 prescriptions were included,involving 176 kinds of Chinese materia medica and the total medication frequency was 4712.The first 10 highfrequency Chinese materia medica were Chaihu(95.52%),Bombyx batryticatus(94.17%),keels(83.41%),oysters(72.65%),earthworm(72.20%),fructus aurantii(66.37%),Scorpion(64.57%),Gastrodia elata(60.99%),Acorus gramineus(59.19%)and Dannan Xing(58.30%).The main Chinese materia medica used were mainly for suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind,relieving exterior syndromes and tranquillizing mind.The medicine properties were mainly to be flat,slight cold,pungent,bitter and willing,and they were mainly for liver,lung and heart meridian tropism.Correlation Analysis:Bupleurum chinense,Bombyx batryticatus,Dragon Bone,oyster as its core medicine group,Semen Ziziphi spinosae and semen platycladi are effective strong correlation medicine pair.Three medicine combinations were obtained by cluster analysis.Conclusion:Hanshi has the characteristics of“calming liver,tranquilizing mind,calming endogenous wind,removing the phlegm and extravasated blood”in treating epilepsy.
基金The paper was the research result of the“Study on the Theory and Methodology of the Rural Social Transformation by the Yanching School”(18BSH001)a general project under the National Social Science Foundation of China.Thoughts on the paper were initially formed in the“Shiheng Excellent Lecture”sponsored by Yunnan Shiheng Education Foundation in the summer of 2016.
文摘Fei Xiaotong’s(Fei Hsiao-tung)works on rural economies and societies written in the 1940s were deeply affected by British economic historian R.H.Tawney.Through comparison,this article reveals at least two connections between their works.First,Tawney’s analysis of the transition from agricultural modernization to industrial modernization in Britain serves as a reference for Fei’s works on the economic transformation of the Yangtze Valley in Jiangsu and Lucun village in Yunnan.Second,Tawney’s“theory of gentry”also serves as the underlying view for Fei’s theory on the functions of the Chinese gentry.However,Fei does not simply follow Tawney’s steps.Instead,he offers unique insights into the issues of horticulture transformation and gentry types in China.Furthermore,in Fei’s social theory and practice,the role of“state”was considered to be less positive.The interrelations of the community,market,intellectuals and the state construct Fei’s modernization scheme of China.His idea about how China,a slower participant in the world system,can maintain economic autonomy was still valuable today.
文摘Han Fei presented a thought-provoking perspective on human nature and its implications for governance.Departing from traditional moral doctrines,Han Fei’s“non-moralistic”philosophy posited that human nature is inherently self-interested and driven by personal gain.In this paper,we explore Han Fei’s keen insights into human nature and its practical application in political governance.His emphasis on aligning political strategies with human inclinations,rather than relying solely on moral preaching,highlights the complexity and pragmatism of his approach.However,we also examine the limitations of his philosophy,particularly in disregarding individual differences and idealism.By striking a balance between political expediency and moral considerations,Han Fei’s ideas continue to resonate with contemporary discussions on governance and human behavior.This study calls for a reflective and cautious assessment of the implications of Han Fei’s“non-moralistic”thought in today’s society.
文摘Cui Fei was born in 1970 in Jinan,Shandong Province.After graduating from the China Academy of Fine Arts,Hangzhou,she moved to the United States in 1996 and has been resident there ever since.Although painting was the primary focus in the first
文摘As a national cultural property,General Zhang Fei’s Temple is the largest ancient architectural complex in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.It was built in the Han Dynasty and has a long history of nearly 2,000 years.In 1994,the Chinese government launched the Three Gorges Dam project at the Yangtze River and implemented the largest relocation project for the General Zhang Fei Temple to prevent it from being submerged.The temple was relocated 32 kilometers upstream along with the local people of Yunyang County,and the historic environment was rebuilt on the opposite side of the migrant city of New Yunyang County.The temple was restored successfully and the tradition of offering sacrifices to General Zhang Fei continued in the local community.The relocation project lasted for 8 years and became the largest cultural heritage conservation project of the People’s Republic of China at the end of the 20th century.This paper comprehensively summarizes and reviews the project goals,implementation process,and project highlights of this relocation,so as to provide an important case reference for heritage conservation projects in the future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82104760)Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine Youth Realistic Project(No.2022-QNQSDEP-09)+1 种基金Funding Project for Clinical Research Business Expenses at Central High-Level Hospitals(No.2022-NHLHCRF-LX-01-0308)the Second Group of the Elite Plan Backbone Talent Project at China-Japan Friendship Hospital(No.ZRJY2023-GG05)。
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical effect and safety of Lu'e Biyan Formula(LBF)combined with loratadine in the treatment of moderate to severe allergic rhinitis(AR)patients with Fei(Lung)-qi deficiencycoldness(FQDC)syndrome.Methods:From September 2023 to December 2024,moderate to severe AR patients with FQDC syndrome were recruited from the Outpatient Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases Part 1,China-Japan Friendship Hospital.Participants were randomly assigned to a test group and a control group by using a random number table at a ratio of 1:1.Both groups received oral loratadine tablets(10 mg,once daily)for 2 weeks.In addition,the test group received oral LBF(30 mL,twice daily),and the control group received a placebo of LBF.Changes in the Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS),Total Non-nasal Symptom Score(TNNSS),Visual Analog Scale(VAS),Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(RQLQ),and Chinese medicine(CM)syndrome scores before and after treatment were compared between groups.Moreover,the total effective rates and disease recurrence rates were compared.Adverse events(AEs)during the study period were also recorded.Results:Totally 109 participants were recruited,and the full analysis set included 105 cases,54 in the test group and 51 in the control group.Compared with the pre-treatment values,the scores of sneezing,runny nose,nasal obstruction,nasal itching,TNSS,TNNSS,VAS,RQLQ,and CM syndrome were significantly reduced in both groups at 1 and 2 weeks post-treatment and 12 weeks postdrug withdrawal(P<0.01).After treatment,the aforementioned scores in the test group were all markedly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).Moreover,the total effective rate in the test group was higher than that in the control group(98.15%vs.70.59%,P<0.01).After 12 weeks of drug withdrawal,there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between groups(13.21%vs.22.22%,P>0.05).No obvious AEs were observed in either group following treatment.Conclusions:The combination of LBF with loratadine can effectively alleviate the symptoms of moderate to severe AR patients with FQDC syndrome,thereby improving their quality of life.This therapy demonstrated both precise effect and high safety.(Trial registration No.ITMCTR2025000589)
基金Supported by Scientific and Technolohical Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Agency(No.2006Z08-009).
文摘Objective：To explore the effect of Tanreqing Injection（痰热清注射液,TRQI） on the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD） with Chinese medicine syndrome of retention of phlegm and heat in Fei（痰热阻肺证,RPHF）.Methods：In a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial,90 patients with AECOPD of RPHF syndrome were randomly assigned to 3 groups,TRQI and controls A and B,each with 30 cases.The TRQI group was administered with the intravenous injections of 20 mL TRQI once a day and conventional Western medicine treatment.Control group A was administered with the intravenous injection of 15 mg ambroxol hydrochloride twice a day and conventional Western medicine treatment,and control group B was administered with conventional Western medicine treatment only.The treatments were administered for 10 days.Chinese medical symptoms and signs were scored,and plasma concentrations of interleukin（IL）-8 and neutrophil elastase（NE） were recorded.Results：（1） The Chinese medical symptoms （cough,sputum amount,expectoration,dyspnea and fever） and signs（tongue and pulse） improved significantly in the TRQI group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,and improvements in cough,sputum amount and expectoration were better in the TRQI group than control group B（P〈0.05）;there was no significant difference between the TRQI group and control group A（P〉0.05）.The sign of tongue was also improved significantly in the TRQI group （P〈0.05）.（2） The overall effects in the TRQI group and control group A were significantly better than in control group B（P〈0.05）,with no significant differences between the TRQI group and control group A（P〉0.05）.There was no significant difference in the total effective rate among the three groups（P〉0.05）.（3） After treatment, the plasma concentrations of IL-8 and NE decreased in the TRQI group and control group A（P〈0.05）,and the concentration of IL-8 in control group B decreased（P〈0.05）.The difference in IL-8 was greater in the TRQI group than in control group A and B before and after treatment,and the change in NE was greater in control group A than in the TRQI group and control group B,but there was no statistical significance among the three groups with regards to the change in IL-8 or NE（P〉0.05）.Conclusion：TRQI could improved the Chinese medical signs and symptoms in the patients with AECOPD,possibly because of the decreasing plasma levels of IL-8 and NE which could improve response to airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion.
基金Supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China during the 10th Five-Year PlanPeriod(No.2004BA716B03)
文摘Objective:To objectively evaluate the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine in treating children s respiratory syncytial viral pneumonia(RSVP) of phlegm-heat blocking Fei(肺) syndrome(PHBFS). Methods:A single-blinded multi-center,blocked,randomized and parallel-controlled method was adopted.The clinical study was carried out on 206 children with RSVP-PHBFS who were assigned to two groups,108 in the test group treated through intravenous dripping of Qingkailing Injection(清开灵注射液) in combination of or...
文摘Objective： By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time, to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Methods： A total of 468 healthy college student volunteers received moxibustion at the eight confluent points in three different periods of time, i.e. Chen （7：00-9：00）, Wu （11：00-13：00） and Xu （19：00-21：00）. The thermal pain threshold latency was adopted to measure the changes in pain threshold of the eight confluent points under different conditions （different periods of time, different genders, different acupoints and different states of the acupoints） based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Results： Finally, thirty subjects dropped out and 438 subjects were included. The comparison of thermal pain threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in the same opening or closing state based on Fei Teng Ba Fa： latencies of the closing points and adjunct points were significantly different in different periods of time （P〈0.05）, the latencies of the males were significantly longer than those of the females （P〈0.05）; there was no significant difference in the latency between the left and right sides （P〉0.05）; in the female group, there was a significant difference in the latency between the lower-limb points and the upper-limb points （P〈0.05）. The comparison of thermal point threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in different opening or closing state： in the period of Wu （11：00-13：00）, the latencies of the opening points were significantly longer than those of the closing points and adjunct points （P〈0.05）; for men, their opening and closing points had significantly longer thermal pain threshold latencies than their adjunct points （P〈0.05）; despite the gender, the latencies of the upper limb opening and closing points were significantly longer than the latency of the adjunct points （P〈0.05）; in the female group, the latencies of the lower-limb opening points were significantly shorter than those of the lower-limb closing and adjunct points （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Based on Fei Teng Ba Fa, the pain thresholds of the eight confluent points vary in different periods of time, gender, acupoint location and opening/closing state, which can be taken as the evidence of making time-based acu puncture-moxibustion prescriptions.
