Sorption of lanthanum（Ⅲ）, cerium（Ⅲ and neodymium（Ⅲ） ions from the aqueous solutions of mixtures through adsorption on the biochar composites was investigated as a function of sorbent mass, pH, phase contact ti...Sorption of lanthanum（Ⅲ）, cerium（Ⅲ and neodymium（Ⅲ） ions from the aqueous solutions of mixtures through adsorption on the biochar composites was investigated as a function of sorbent mass, pH, phase contact time and initial concentration of solutions at 295 K. The maximum removal of lanthanide ions takes place under the following conditions： 0.1 g of sorbent mass, pH 4 and 360 rain contact time for all studied initial concentrations of solutions. Kinetics of La（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ） and Nd（Ⅲ） ions sorption proceeded by a fast initial uptake reached equilibrium. This process was modelled by means of the pseudo first order, pseudo second order, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models. The desorption of three lanthahide ions by nitric, hydrochloric and sulfuric acids at a concentration of 1 mol/L from biochar composites was also studied. In order to investigate the sorption mechanism FFIR, XRD and XPS analyses were performed after sorption of ions from the mixture.展开更多
This study aimed to present a novel clay/biochar composite adsorption particle, which made from abandoned reed straw and clay to remove ammonia nitrogen(NH4^+-N) from micro-contaminated water. The removal performance ...This study aimed to present a novel clay/biochar composite adsorption particle, which made from abandoned reed straw and clay to remove ammonia nitrogen(NH4^+-N) from micro-contaminated water. The removal performance of NH4^+-N by composite adsorption particle was monitored under different raw material proportions and initial NH4^+-N concentration. Besides, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were investigated to reveal the adsorption mechanisms. The results showed that NH4^+-N was effectively removed under optimal proportion of biochar, foaming agent and crosslinker with 20%, 3%, and 3%, respectively. The optimal contact time was 150 min and the best removal efficiency was 88.6% at initial NH4^+-N concentration of 20 mg L^-1. The adsorption performance was well described by the second order kinetic model and Freundlich model. The novel clay/biochar composite adsorption particle in this study demonstrated a high potential for NH4^+-N removal from surface water.展开更多
In this study,the magnetic wakame biochar/Ni composites were prepared with three activating reagents of H_(3)PO_(4),ZnCl_(2) and KOH by one-step pyrolysis activation,characterized by BET,SEM,TEM,FI-IR,XRD,Raman,and el...In this study,the magnetic wakame biochar/Ni composites were prepared with three activating reagents of H_(3)PO_(4),ZnCl_(2) and KOH by one-step pyrolysis activation,characterized by BET,SEM,TEM,FI-IR,XRD,Raman,and elemental analyzer,and their adsorption performance for diesel were also analyzed.The results showed that wakame biochar/Ni composites had larger specific surface area,abundant porous structure,and various reactive groups,rendering its enhancement of adsorption efficiency.The adsorption experiments indicated that the maximum adsorption capacities for diesel using WBPA 0.5,WBHZ 0.5 and WBPH 0.5 were 4.11,8.83,and 13.47 g/g,respectively.The Langmuir model was more suitable for the adsorption isotherms process,and the Pseudo-second-order model could better describe the adsorption kinetic experimental.And the magnetic wakame biochar/Ni composites presented good stability and recyclability.This study provides a novel pattern for the high-value utilization of wakame,having huge potential in the treatment of oily wastewater.展开更多
While biochar amendment enhances plant productivity and water-use efficiency(WUE),particularly under waterlimited conditions,the specific mechanisms driving these benefits remain unclear.Thus,the present study aims to...While biochar amendment enhances plant productivity and water-use efficiency(WUE),particularly under waterlimited conditions,the specific mechanisms driving these benefits remain unclear.Thus,the present study aims to elucidate the synergistic effects of biochar and reduced irrigation on maize(Zea mays L.)plants,focusing on xylem composition,root-to-shoot signaling,stomatal behavior,and WUE.Maize plants were cultivated in splitroot pots filled with clay loam soil,amended by either wheat-straw biochar(WSB)or softwood biochar(SWB)at 2%(w/w).Plants received full irrigation(FI),deficit irrigation(DI),or partial root-zone drying rrigation(PRD)from the 4-leaf to the grain-filling stage.Our results revealed that the WSB amendment significantly enhanced plant water status,biomass accumulation,and WUE under reduced irrigation,particularly when combined with PRD.Although reduced irrigation inhibited photosynthesis,it enhanced WUE by modulating stomatal morphology and conductance.Biochar amendment combined with reduced rrigation significantly increased xylem K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NO_(3)^(-),Cl^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),and SO_(4)^(2-)-but decreased Na+,which in turn lowered xylem pH.Moreover,biochar amendment and especially WSB amendment further increased abscisic acid(ABA)contents in both leaf and xylem sap under reduced irrigation conditions due to changes in xylem ionic constituents and pH.The synergistic interactions between xylem components and ABA led to refined adjustments in stomatal size and density,thereby affecting stomatal conductance and ultimately improving the WUE of maize plants at different scales.The combined application of WSB and PRD can,therefore,emerge as a promising approach for improving the overall plant performance of maize plants with increased stomatal adaptations and WUE,especially under water-limited conditions.展开更多
Preparing materials for simultaneous remediation of anionic and cationic heavy metals contamination has always been the focus of research. Herein a biochar supported FeMnMg layered double hydroxide(LDH) composites(LB)...Preparing materials for simultaneous remediation of anionic and cationic heavy metals contamination has always been the focus of research. Herein a biochar supported FeMnMg layered double hydroxide(LDH) composites(LB) for simultaneous remediation of copper and arsenic contamination in water and soil has been assembled by a facile co-precipitation approach. Both adsorption isotherm and kinetics studies of heavy metals removal by LB were applied to look into the adsorption performance of adsorbents in water. Moreover, the adsorption mechanisms of Cu and As by LB were investigated, showing that Cu in aqueous solution was removed by the isomorphic substitution, precipitation and electrostatic adsorption while As was removed by complexation. In addition, the availability of Cu and As in the soil incubation experiments was reduced by 35.54%–63.00% and 8.39%–29.04%, respectively by using LB. Meanwhile, the addition of LB increased the activities of urease and sucrase by 93.78%–374.35% and 84.35%–520.04%, respectively, of which 1% of the dosage was the best. A phenomenon was found that the richness and structure of microbial community became vigorous within 1% dosage of LB, which indirectly enhanced the passivation and stabilization of heavy metals. These results indicated that the soil environment was significantly improved by LB. This research demonstrates that LB would be an imaginably forceful material for the remediation of anionic and cationic heavy metals in contaminated water and soil.展开更多
文摘Sorption of lanthanum（Ⅲ）, cerium（Ⅲ and neodymium（Ⅲ） ions from the aqueous solutions of mixtures through adsorption on the biochar composites was investigated as a function of sorbent mass, pH, phase contact time and initial concentration of solutions at 295 K. The maximum removal of lanthanide ions takes place under the following conditions： 0.1 g of sorbent mass, pH 4 and 360 rain contact time for all studied initial concentrations of solutions. Kinetics of La（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ） and Nd（Ⅲ） ions sorption proceeded by a fast initial uptake reached equilibrium. This process was modelled by means of the pseudo first order, pseudo second order, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models. The desorption of three lanthahide ions by nitric, hydrochloric and sulfuric acids at a concentration of 1 mol/L from biochar composites was also studied. In order to investigate the sorption mechanism FFIR, XRD and XPS analyses were performed after sorption of ions from the mixture.
基金supported by the National Major Project of Water Pollution Control and Management Technology in China (No.2013ZX07202-007)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Project (No.GRCK2017042116092660)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51308066)。
文摘This study aimed to present a novel clay/biochar composite adsorption particle, which made from abandoned reed straw and clay to remove ammonia nitrogen(NH4^+-N) from micro-contaminated water. The removal performance of NH4^+-N by composite adsorption particle was monitored under different raw material proportions and initial NH4^+-N concentration. Besides, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were investigated to reveal the adsorption mechanisms. The results showed that NH4^+-N was effectively removed under optimal proportion of biochar, foaming agent and crosslinker with 20%, 3%, and 3%, respectively. The optimal contact time was 150 min and the best removal efficiency was 88.6% at initial NH4^+-N concentration of 20 mg L^-1. The adsorption performance was well described by the second order kinetic model and Freundlich model. The novel clay/biochar composite adsorption particle in this study demonstrated a high potential for NH4^+-N removal from surface water.
基金This study was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Zhejiang Provincial Universities and Research Institutes(No.2021J004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1809214)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY20E080014).
文摘In this study,the magnetic wakame biochar/Ni composites were prepared with three activating reagents of H_(3)PO_(4),ZnCl_(2) and KOH by one-step pyrolysis activation,characterized by BET,SEM,TEM,FI-IR,XRD,Raman,and elemental analyzer,and their adsorption performance for diesel were also analyzed.The results showed that wakame biochar/Ni composites had larger specific surface area,abundant porous structure,and various reactive groups,rendering its enhancement of adsorption efficiency.The adsorption experiments indicated that the maximum adsorption capacities for diesel using WBPA 0.5,WBHZ 0.5 and WBPH 0.5 were 4.11,8.83,and 13.47 g/g,respectively.The Langmuir model was more suitable for the adsorption isotherms process,and the Pseudo-second-order model could better describe the adsorption kinetic experimental.And the magnetic wakame biochar/Ni composites presented good stability and recyclability.This study provides a novel pattern for the high-value utilization of wakame,having huge potential in the treatment of oily wastewater.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China(2024JCYBQN-0491)Heng Wan would like to thank the Chinese Scholarship Council(CsC)(202206300064)。
文摘While biochar amendment enhances plant productivity and water-use efficiency(WUE),particularly under waterlimited conditions,the specific mechanisms driving these benefits remain unclear.Thus,the present study aims to elucidate the synergistic effects of biochar and reduced irrigation on maize(Zea mays L.)plants,focusing on xylem composition,root-to-shoot signaling,stomatal behavior,and WUE.Maize plants were cultivated in splitroot pots filled with clay loam soil,amended by either wheat-straw biochar(WSB)or softwood biochar(SWB)at 2%(w/w).Plants received full irrigation(FI),deficit irrigation(DI),or partial root-zone drying rrigation(PRD)from the 4-leaf to the grain-filling stage.Our results revealed that the WSB amendment significantly enhanced plant water status,biomass accumulation,and WUE under reduced irrigation,particularly when combined with PRD.Although reduced irrigation inhibited photosynthesis,it enhanced WUE by modulating stomatal morphology and conductance.Biochar amendment combined with reduced rrigation significantly increased xylem K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NO_(3)^(-),Cl^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),and SO_(4)^(2-)-but decreased Na+,which in turn lowered xylem pH.Moreover,biochar amendment and especially WSB amendment further increased abscisic acid(ABA)contents in both leaf and xylem sap under reduced irrigation conditions due to changes in xylem ionic constituents and pH.The synergistic interactions between xylem components and ABA led to refined adjustments in stomatal size and density,thereby affecting stomatal conductance and ultimately improving the WUE of maize plants at different scales.The combined application of WSB and PRD can,therefore,emerge as a promising approach for improving the overall plant performance of maize plants with increased stomatal adaptations and WUE,especially under water-limited conditions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFC1802800)the Local Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team Project of Guangdong Special Support Program (No. 2019BT02L218)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41673091, U1501234)。
文摘Preparing materials for simultaneous remediation of anionic and cationic heavy metals contamination has always been the focus of research. Herein a biochar supported FeMnMg layered double hydroxide(LDH) composites(LB) for simultaneous remediation of copper and arsenic contamination in water and soil has been assembled by a facile co-precipitation approach. Both adsorption isotherm and kinetics studies of heavy metals removal by LB were applied to look into the adsorption performance of adsorbents in water. Moreover, the adsorption mechanisms of Cu and As by LB were investigated, showing that Cu in aqueous solution was removed by the isomorphic substitution, precipitation and electrostatic adsorption while As was removed by complexation. In addition, the availability of Cu and As in the soil incubation experiments was reduced by 35.54%–63.00% and 8.39%–29.04%, respectively by using LB. Meanwhile, the addition of LB increased the activities of urease and sucrase by 93.78%–374.35% and 84.35%–520.04%, respectively, of which 1% of the dosage was the best. A phenomenon was found that the richness and structure of microbial community became vigorous within 1% dosage of LB, which indirectly enhanced the passivation and stabilization of heavy metals. These results indicated that the soil environment was significantly improved by LB. This research demonstrates that LB would be an imaginably forceful material for the remediation of anionic and cationic heavy metals in contaminated water and soil.
