The ineluctable introduction of lithium salt to polymer solid-state electrolytes incurs a compromise between strength,ionic conductivity,and thickness.Here,we propose Al_(2)O_(3)-coated polyimide(AO/PI)porous film as ...The ineluctable introduction of lithium salt to polymer solid-state electrolytes incurs a compromise between strength,ionic conductivity,and thickness.Here,we propose Al_(2)O_(3)-coated polyimide(AO/PI)porous film as a high-strength substrate to support fast-ion-conducting polymer-in-salt(PIS)solid-state electrolytes,aiming to suppress lithium dendrite growth and improve full-cell performance.The Al_(2)O_(3)coating layer not only refines the wettability of polyimide porous film to PIS,but also performs as a high modulus protective layer to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites.The resulting PI/AO@PIS exhibits a small thickness of only 35μm with an outstanding tensile strength of 11.3 MPa and Young's modulus of 537.6 MPa.In addition,the PI/AO@PIS delivers a high ionic conductivity of 0.1 m S/cm at 25°C.As a result,the PI/AO@PIS enables symmetric Li cells to achieve exceptional cyclability for over 1000 h at 0.1 m A/cm2without noticeable lithium dendrite formation.Moreover,the PI/AO@PIS-based LiFePO4||Li full cells demonstrate outstanding rate performance(125.7 m Ah/g at 5 C)and impressive cycling stability(96.1%capacity retention at 1 C after 200 cycles).This work highlights the efficacy of enhancing the mechanical properties of polymer matrices and extending cell performance through the incorporation of a dense inorganic interface layer.展开更多
Phase structure characteristics near the interface of Fe3Al/Q235 diffusion bonding are investigated by means of X raydiffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and electron diffraction, etc. The test ...Phase structure characteristics near the interface of Fe3Al/Q235 diffusion bonding are investigated by means of X raydiffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and electron diffraction, etc. The test results indicatedthat obviously a diffusion transition zone forms near the interface of Fe3Al/Q235 under the condition of heatingtemperature 1050~1100℃, holding time 60 min and pressure 9.8 MPa, which indicated that the diffusion interfaceof Fe3Al/Q235 was combined well. The diffusion transition zone consisted of Fe3Al and a-Fe(Al) solid solution.Microhardness near the diffusion transition zone was HM 480~540. There was not brittle phase of high hardness inthe interface transition zone. This is favorable to enhance toughness of Fe3Al/Q235 diffusion joint.展开更多
Al2O3-13%TiO2 （mass fraction） coatings, prepared by laser cladding on nickel-based alloy, were heated using high frequency induction sources. The coating microstructure and the interface between bond coating and cer...Al2O3-13%TiO2 （mass fraction） coatings, prepared by laser cladding on nickel-based alloy, were heated using high frequency induction sources. The coating microstructure and the interface between bond coating and ceramic coating were characterized by SEM, XRD and EDS. The results show that two-layer substructure exists in the ceramic coating： one layer evolving from fully melted region where the sintered grains grow fully; another layer resembling the liquid-phase-sintered structure consisting of three-dimensional net where the melted Al2O3 particles are embedded in the TiO2-rich matrix. The mechanism of the two-layer substructure formation is also explained in terms of the melting and flattening behavior of the powders during laser cladding processing. The spinel compounds NiAl2O4 and acicular compounds Cr2O3 are discovered in the interface between bond coating and ceramic coating. It proves that the chemical reactions in the laser cladding process will significantly enhance the coating adhesion.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium-ion(Mg-ion)batteries have attracted wide attention for energy storage.However,magnesium anode is still limited by the irreversible Mg plating/stripping procedure.Herein,a well-designed binary Bi...Rechargeable magnesium-ion(Mg-ion)batteries have attracted wide attention for energy storage.However,magnesium anode is still limited by the irreversible Mg plating/stripping procedure.Herein,a well-designed binary Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)S_(3)(BO-BS)heterostructure is fulfilled by virtue of the cooperative interface and energy band engineering targeted fast Mg-ion storage.The built-in electronic field resulting from the asymmetrical electron distribution at the interface of electron-rich S center at Bi_(2)S_(3) side and electron-poor O center at Bi_(2)O_(3) side effectively accelerates the electrochemical reaction kinetics in the Mg-ion battery system.Moreover,the as-designed heterogenous interface also benefits to maintaining the electrode integrity.With these advantages,the BO-BS electrode displays a remarkable capacity of 150.36 mAh g^(−1) at 0.67 A g^(-1) and a superior cycling stability.This investigation would offer novel insights into the rational design of functional heterogenous electrode materials targeted the fast reaction kinetics for energy storage systems.展开更多
In this paper, the effect of alumina thickness on Al2O3/InP interface with post deposition annealing （PDA） in the oxygen ambient is studied. Atomic layer deposited （ALD） Al2O3 films with four different thickness v...In this paper, the effect of alumina thickness on Al2O3/InP interface with post deposition annealing （PDA） in the oxygen ambient is studied. Atomic layer deposited （ALD） Al2O3 films with four different thickness values （5 nm, 7 nm, 9 nm, 11 rim） are deposited on InP substrates. The capacitance-voltage （C-V） measurement shows a negative correlation between the alumina thickness and the frequency dispersion. The X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy （XPS） data present significant growth of indium-phosphorus oxide near the Al2O3/InP interface, which indicates serious oxidation of InP during the oxygen annealing. The hysteresis curve shows an optimum thickness of 7 nm after PDA in an oxygen ambient at 500 ℃ for 10 min. It is demonstrated that both sides of the interface are impacted by oxygen during post deposition annealing. It is suggested that the final state of the interface is of reduced positively charged defects on Al2O3 side and oxidized InP, which degrades the interface.展开更多
Herein,a bottom-down design is presented to successfully fabricate ZIF-derived Co3O4,grown in situ on a one-dimensional(1D)α-MnO2 material,denoted as α-MnO2@Co3O4.The synergistic effect derived from the coupled inte...Herein,a bottom-down design is presented to successfully fabricate ZIF-derived Co3O4,grown in situ on a one-dimensional(1D)α-MnO2 material,denoted as α-MnO2@Co3O4.The synergistic effect derived from the coupled interface constructed betweenα-MnO2 and Co3O4 is responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity.The resultantα-MnO2@Co3O4 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity at a T90%(temperature required to achieve a toluene conversion of 90%)of approximately 229℃,which is 47 and 28℃ lower than those of the pureα-MnO2 nanowire and Co3O4-b obtained via pyrolysis of ZIF-67,respectively.This activity is attributed to the increase in the number of surface-adsorbed oxygen species,which accelerate the oxygen mobility and enhance the redox pairs of Mn^4+/Mn^3+ and Co^2+/Co^3+.Moreover,the result of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy suggests that the gaseous oxygen could be more easily activated to adsorbed oxygen species on the surface of α-MnO2@Co3O4 than on that of α-MnO2.The catalytic reaction route of toluene oxidation over theα-MnO2@Co3O4 catalyst is as follows:toluene→benzoate species→alkanes containing oxygen functional group→CO2 and H2O.In addition,the α-MnO2@Co3O4 catalyst shows excellent stability and good water resistance for toluene oxidation.Furthermore,the preparation method can be extended to other 1D MnO2 materials.A new strategy for the development of high-performance catalysts of practical significance is provided.展开更多
The microstructural characteristic of 1070AI matrix composites reinforced by 0.15 祄 AI2O3 particles whose volume fraction was 40% was investigated by TEM and HREM. The results showed that the interface between the ma...The microstructural characteristic of 1070AI matrix composites reinforced by 0.15 祄 AI2O3 particles whose volume fraction was 40% was investigated by TEM and HREM. The results showed that the interface between the matrix and reinforcements was clean and bonded well, without any interfacial reaction products. There were some preferential crystallographic orientation relationships between Al matrix and AI2O3 particle because of the lattice imperfection on the surface of Al2O3 particles.展开更多
The 3D morphologies and growth mechanisms of proeutectic FeAl_(3) at the Al/Fe interface under different cooling rates were studied by synchrotron X-ray tomography.With increasing cooling rate,FeAl_(3) crystals develo...The 3D morphologies and growth mechanisms of proeutectic FeAl_(3) at the Al/Fe interface under different cooling rates were studied by synchrotron X-ray tomography.With increasing cooling rate,FeAl_(3) crystals developed from faceted polygonal prism,plates with flat surface,thin ribbon-like with periodic undulating surface to non-faceted rods with radial dendrites in cross section,indicating a gradual interface growth mode transition from two-dimensional layer growth to continuous growth.At a higher cooling rate,twinning mechanism plays a leading role in the formation and growth of FeAl_(3).A link between the morphologies,twinning and crystallographic structure was established based on quantitative analyses on the 3D structures.展开更多
In this work, the effects of atomic-layer-deposited(ALD) Al2O3 passivation layers with different thicknesses on the interface chemistry and electrical properties of sputtering-derived HfYO gate dielectrics on Si subst...In this work, the effects of atomic-layer-deposited(ALD) Al2O3 passivation layers with different thicknesses on the interface chemistry and electrical properties of sputtering-derived HfYO gate dielectrics on Si substrates have been investigated. The results of electrical measurements and X-ray photoelectron sepectroscopy(XPS) showed that 1-nm-thick Al2O3 passivation layer is optimized to obtain excellent electrical and interfacial properties for HfYO/Si gate stack. Then, the metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors with HfYO/1-nm Al2O3/Si/Al gate stack were fabricated and annealed at different temperatures in forming gas(95% N2+5% H2). Capacitance-voltage(C-V) and current density-voltage(J-V) characteristics showed that the 250℃-annealed HYO high-k gate dielectric thin film demonstrated the lowest border trapped oxide charge density(-3.3 × 1010 cm-2), smallest gate-leakage current(2.45 × 10-6 A/cm2 at 2 V)compared with other samples. Moreover, the annealing temperature dependent leakage current conduction mechanism for Al/HfYO/Al2O3/Si/Al MOS capacitor has been investigated systematically. Detailed electrical measurements reveal that Poole-Frenkle emission is the main dominant emission in the region of low and medium electric fields while direct tunneling is dominant conduction mechanism at high electric fields.展开更多
In this work,we fabricated three kinds of Ag/Fe2O3 model catalysts with different morphologies to study the interfacial interactions between Ag and Fe2O3,and how they affected the catalytic activity in hydrogenation o...In this work,we fabricated three kinds of Ag/Fe2O3 model catalysts with different morphologies to study the interfacial interactions between Ag and Fe2O3,and how they affected the catalytic activity in hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol was explored.The hydrothermal method was used to synthesize the metal oxide supported silver catalyst,with various morphologies including nanoplates(NPs),nanospheres(NSs),and nanocubes(NCs).The crystal structure,morphology and surface elements of the composite were investigated by various measurements,such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The catalytic activity was also evaluated by the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol.It was found that the activities of the above catalysts varied with the morphology of the support.Among them,Ag/Fe2O3 NPs promoted the highest performance,Ag/Fe2O3 NSs were slightly inferior,and Ag/Fe2O3 NCs were the worst.At last,we ascribed the remarkable activity of Ag/Fe2O3 NPs to the strong metal-support interactions between Ag and Fe2O3.展开更多
基金the financial support from the 261Project of MIIT and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20240179)。
文摘The ineluctable introduction of lithium salt to polymer solid-state electrolytes incurs a compromise between strength,ionic conductivity,and thickness.Here,we propose Al_(2)O_(3)-coated polyimide(AO/PI)porous film as a high-strength substrate to support fast-ion-conducting polymer-in-salt(PIS)solid-state electrolytes,aiming to suppress lithium dendrite growth and improve full-cell performance.The Al_(2)O_(3)coating layer not only refines the wettability of polyimide porous film to PIS,but also performs as a high modulus protective layer to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites.The resulting PI/AO@PIS exhibits a small thickness of only 35μm with an outstanding tensile strength of 11.3 MPa and Young's modulus of 537.6 MPa.In addition,the PI/AO@PIS delivers a high ionic conductivity of 0.1 m S/cm at 25°C.As a result,the PI/AO@PIS enables symmetric Li cells to achieve exceptional cyclability for over 1000 h at 0.1 m A/cm2without noticeable lithium dendrite formation.Moreover,the PI/AO@PIS-based LiFePO4||Li full cells demonstrate outstanding rate performance(125.7 m Ah/g at 5 C)and impressive cycling stability(96.1%capacity retention at 1 C after 200 cycles).This work highlights the efficacy of enhancing the mechanical properties of polymer matrices and extending cell performance through the incorporation of a dense inorganic interface layer.
基金The work was supported by the Visiting Scholar Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Production Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, People's Republic of China.
文摘Phase structure characteristics near the interface of Fe3Al/Q235 diffusion bonding are investigated by means of X raydiffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and electron diffraction, etc. The test results indicatedthat obviously a diffusion transition zone forms near the interface of Fe3Al/Q235 under the condition of heatingtemperature 1050~1100℃, holding time 60 min and pressure 9.8 MPa, which indicated that the diffusion interfaceof Fe3Al/Q235 was combined well. The diffusion transition zone consisted of Fe3Al and a-Fe(Al) solid solution.Microhardness near the diffusion transition zone was HM 480~540. There was not brittle phase of high hardness inthe interface transition zone. This is favorable to enhance toughness of Fe3Al/Q235 diffusion joint.
基金Project (59975046) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Al2O3-13%TiO2 （mass fraction） coatings, prepared by laser cladding on nickel-based alloy, were heated using high frequency induction sources. The coating microstructure and the interface between bond coating and ceramic coating were characterized by SEM, XRD and EDS. The results show that two-layer substructure exists in the ceramic coating： one layer evolving from fully melted region where the sintered grains grow fully; another layer resembling the liquid-phase-sintered structure consisting of three-dimensional net where the melted Al2O3 particles are embedded in the TiO2-rich matrix. The mechanism of the two-layer substructure formation is also explained in terms of the melting and flattening behavior of the powders during laser cladding processing. The spinel compounds NiAl2O4 and acicular compounds Cr2O3 are discovered in the interface between bond coating and ceramic coating. It proves that the chemical reactions in the laser cladding process will significantly enhance the coating adhesion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172239)Project of State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials(SWUST,Grant Nos.22fksy23 and 18ZD320304)+3 种基金the Frontier Project of Chengdu Tianfu New Area Institute(SWUST,Grand No.2022ZY017)Chongqing Talents:Exceptional Young Talents Project(Grant No.CQYC201905041)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing China(Grant No.cstc2021jcyj-jqX0031)Interdiscipline Team Project under auspices of“Light of West”Program in Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.xbzg-zdsys-202106).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium-ion(Mg-ion)batteries have attracted wide attention for energy storage.However,magnesium anode is still limited by the irreversible Mg plating/stripping procedure.Herein,a well-designed binary Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)S_(3)(BO-BS)heterostructure is fulfilled by virtue of the cooperative interface and energy band engineering targeted fast Mg-ion storage.The built-in electronic field resulting from the asymmetrical electron distribution at the interface of electron-rich S center at Bi_(2)S_(3) side and electron-poor O center at Bi_(2)O_(3) side effectively accelerates the electrochemical reaction kinetics in the Mg-ion battery system.Moreover,the as-designed heterogenous interface also benefits to maintaining the electrode integrity.With these advantages,the BO-BS electrode displays a remarkable capacity of 150.36 mAh g^(−1) at 0.67 A g^(-1) and a superior cycling stability.This investigation would offer novel insights into the rational design of functional heterogenous electrode materials targeted the fast reaction kinetics for energy storage systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61204006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.K50511250002)the National Key Science and Technology Special Project,China(Grant No.2008ZX01002-002)
文摘In this paper, the effect of alumina thickness on Al2O3/InP interface with post deposition annealing （PDA） in the oxygen ambient is studied. Atomic layer deposited （ALD） Al2O3 films with four different thickness values （5 nm, 7 nm, 9 nm, 11 rim） are deposited on InP substrates. The capacitance-voltage （C-V） measurement shows a negative correlation between the alumina thickness and the frequency dispersion. The X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy （XPS） data present significant growth of indium-phosphorus oxide near the Al2O3/InP interface, which indicates serious oxidation of InP during the oxygen annealing. The hysteresis curve shows an optimum thickness of 7 nm after PDA in an oxygen ambient at 500 ℃ for 10 min. It is demonstrated that both sides of the interface are impacted by oxygen during post deposition annealing. It is suggested that the final state of the interface is of reduced positively charged defects on Al2O3 side and oxidized InP, which degrades the interface.
文摘Herein,a bottom-down design is presented to successfully fabricate ZIF-derived Co3O4,grown in situ on a one-dimensional(1D)α-MnO2 material,denoted as α-MnO2@Co3O4.The synergistic effect derived from the coupled interface constructed betweenα-MnO2 and Co3O4 is responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity.The resultantα-MnO2@Co3O4 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity at a T90%(temperature required to achieve a toluene conversion of 90%)of approximately 229℃,which is 47 and 28℃ lower than those of the pureα-MnO2 nanowire and Co3O4-b obtained via pyrolysis of ZIF-67,respectively.This activity is attributed to the increase in the number of surface-adsorbed oxygen species,which accelerate the oxygen mobility and enhance the redox pairs of Mn^4+/Mn^3+ and Co^2+/Co^3+.Moreover,the result of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy suggests that the gaseous oxygen could be more easily activated to adsorbed oxygen species on the surface of α-MnO2@Co3O4 than on that of α-MnO2.The catalytic reaction route of toluene oxidation over theα-MnO2@Co3O4 catalyst is as follows:toluene→benzoate species→alkanes containing oxygen functional group→CO2 and H2O.In addition,the α-MnO2@Co3O4 catalyst shows excellent stability and good water resistance for toluene oxidation.Furthermore,the preparation method can be extended to other 1D MnO2 materials.A new strategy for the development of high-performance catalysts of practical significance is provided.
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (under Grant No.59771014 and No.50071019). The help of the National Advanced Material Open Research Lab of Tsinghua University is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘The microstructural characteristic of 1070AI matrix composites reinforced by 0.15 祄 AI2O3 particles whose volume fraction was 40% was investigated by TEM and HREM. The results showed that the interface between the matrix and reinforcements was clean and bonded well, without any interfacial reaction products. There were some preferential crystallographic orientation relationships between Al matrix and AI2O3 particle because of the lattice imperfection on the surface of Al2O3 particles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Excellent Young Scholars(No.51922068)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51821001,51904186,and 51904187)。
文摘The 3D morphologies and growth mechanisms of proeutectic FeAl_(3) at the Al/Fe interface under different cooling rates were studied by synchrotron X-ray tomography.With increasing cooling rate,FeAl_(3) crystals developed from faceted polygonal prism,plates with flat surface,thin ribbon-like with periodic undulating surface to non-faceted rods with radial dendrites in cross section,indicating a gradual interface growth mode transition from two-dimensional layer growth to continuous growth.At a higher cooling rate,twinning mechanism plays a leading role in the formation and growth of FeAl_(3).A link between the morphologies,twinning and crystallographic structure was established based on quantitative analyses on the 3D structures.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11774001 and 51572002)the Open Fund for Discipline Construction, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University (S01003101)+2 种基金Top talents in disciplines (Specialties) of universities in Anhui Province (gxbjZD2016006)the Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese Scholar, Ministry of Personnel of China (No. J05015131)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 1608085MA06)
文摘In this work, the effects of atomic-layer-deposited(ALD) Al2O3 passivation layers with different thicknesses on the interface chemistry and electrical properties of sputtering-derived HfYO gate dielectrics on Si substrates have been investigated. The results of electrical measurements and X-ray photoelectron sepectroscopy(XPS) showed that 1-nm-thick Al2O3 passivation layer is optimized to obtain excellent electrical and interfacial properties for HfYO/Si gate stack. Then, the metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors with HfYO/1-nm Al2O3/Si/Al gate stack were fabricated and annealed at different temperatures in forming gas(95% N2+5% H2). Capacitance-voltage(C-V) and current density-voltage(J-V) characteristics showed that the 250℃-annealed HYO high-k gate dielectric thin film demonstrated the lowest border trapped oxide charge density(-3.3 × 1010 cm-2), smallest gate-leakage current(2.45 × 10-6 A/cm2 at 2 V)compared with other samples. Moreover, the annealing temperature dependent leakage current conduction mechanism for Al/HfYO/Al2O3/Si/Al MOS capacitor has been investigated systematically. Detailed electrical measurements reveal that Poole-Frenkle emission is the main dominant emission in the region of low and medium electric fields while direct tunneling is dominant conduction mechanism at high electric fields.
基金financially supported by the 111 Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.B17019)Talent Project of Southwest University of the Ministry of Education of China(No.SWU115034)。
文摘In this work,we fabricated three kinds of Ag/Fe2O3 model catalysts with different morphologies to study the interfacial interactions between Ag and Fe2O3,and how they affected the catalytic activity in hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol was explored.The hydrothermal method was used to synthesize the metal oxide supported silver catalyst,with various morphologies including nanoplates(NPs),nanospheres(NSs),and nanocubes(NCs).The crystal structure,morphology and surface elements of the composite were investigated by various measurements,such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The catalytic activity was also evaluated by the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol.It was found that the activities of the above catalysts varied with the morphology of the support.Among them,Ag/Fe2O3 NPs promoted the highest performance,Ag/Fe2O3 NSs were slightly inferior,and Ag/Fe2O3 NCs were the worst.At last,we ascribed the remarkable activity of Ag/Fe2O3 NPs to the strong metal-support interactions between Ag and Fe2O3.
