Copper base alloy was overlaid onto 35CrMnSiA steel plate by tungsten inert gas （TIG） welding method. The heat transfer process was simulated, the microstructures of the copper base overlay were analyzed by scanning...Copper base alloy was overlaid onto 35CrMnSiA steel plate by tungsten inert gas （TIG） welding method. The heat transfer process was simulated, the microstructures of the copper base overlay were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）, and the friction and abrasion properties of the overlay were measured. The results show that the Fe content increases in the overlay with increasing the welding current. And with the increase of Fe content in the overlay, the friction coefficient increases and the wear mechanism changes from oxidation wear to abrasive wear and plough wear, which is related to the size and quantity of Fe grains in the overlay. While with the increase of Fe content in the overlay, the protection of oxidation layer against the oxidation wear on the melted metal decreases.展开更多
Information on the Fe content of bare rocks is needed for implementing geochemical processes and identifying mines.However,the influence of Fe content on the spectra of bare rocks has not been thoroughly analyzed in p...Information on the Fe content of bare rocks is needed for implementing geochemical processes and identifying mines.However,the influence of Fe content on the spectra of bare rocks has not been thoroughly analyzed in previous studies.The Saur Mountain region within the Hoboksar of the Russell Hill depression was selected as the study area.Specifically,we analyzed six hyperspectral indices related to rock Fe content based on laboratory measurements(Dataset I)and field measurements(Dataset II).In situ field measurements were acquired to verify the laboratory measurements.Fe content of the rock samples collected from different fresh and weathered rock surfaces were divided into six levels to reveal the spatial distributions of Fe content of these samples.In addition,we clearly displayed wavelengths with obvious characteristics by analyzing the spectra of these samples.The results of this work indicated that Fe content estimation models based on the fresh rock surface measurements in the laboratory can be applied to in situ field or satellite-based measurements of Fe content of the weathered rock surfaces.It is not the best way to use only the single wavelengths reflectance at all absorption wavelengths or the depth of these absorption features to estimate Fe content.Based on sample data analysis,the comparison with other indices revealed that the performance of the modified normalized difference index is the best indicator for estimating rock Fe content,with R2 values of 0.45 and 0.40 corresponding to datasets I and II,respectively.Hence,the modified normalized difference index(the wavelengths of 2220,2290,and 2370 nm)identified in this study could contribute considerably to improve the identification accuracy of rock Fe content in the bare rock areas.The method proposed in this study can obviously provide an efficient solution for large-scale rock Fe content measurements in the field.展开更多
Insoluble constituents in 3104 alloy for beverage cans manufacturing play an important role in deep ironing process. This paper studies the effect of Fe content in the alloy on volume fraction of the constituents Al6(...Insoluble constituents in 3104 alloy for beverage cans manufacturing play an important role in deep ironing process. This paper studies the effect of Fe content in the alloy on volume fraction of the constituents Al6(Fe, Mn)3 and Al12(Fe, Mn)3Si and its influence on ironing die pickup. It is shown that with Fe content increase, the amount of these constituents rises that helps prevent tool galling. Trials made at a can plant showed less ironing die changeovers at bodymakers. The optimum Fe content for aluminum can production can be considered between 0.47% and 0.53% that corresponds to 2.0% - 2.3% of insoluble constituent volume fraction. Greater amounts than this cause problems with excessive constituent particle formation and earing;smaller amounts result in increased ironing die galling.展开更多
The impact of Fe content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of an ultra-high strength aluminum alloy,namely,Al−10.50Zn−2.35Mg−1.25Cu−0.12Cr−0.1Mn−0.1Zr−0.1Ti,was investigated.It is found that the increas...The impact of Fe content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of an ultra-high strength aluminum alloy,namely,Al−10.50Zn−2.35Mg−1.25Cu−0.12Cr−0.1Mn−0.1Zr−0.1Ti,was investigated.It is found that the increase of Fe content leads to a notable rise in the volume fraction of microscale secondary phases,including(Cu,Fe,Mn,Cr)Al_(7),σphase(composed of Al,Zn,Mg,and Cu elements),and Al_(3)(Zr,Ti).The formation of these secondary phases results in the depletion of certain phase-forming elements,thereby significantly reducing the quantity of strengthening phases.Fe imposes minimal impact on tensile strength,but it can significantly alter the elongation(δ).For instance,the average elongation of the alloy with 0.18 wt.%Fe(δ=4.5%)is less than half that of the alloy with Fe less than 0.1 wt.%(δ=9.9%−10.9%).The reduction in elongation is attributed to the combined effects of the formation of coarse secondary phases and the diminished quantity of strengthening phases around these coarse phases.展开更多
The effect of Fe content on FeMn/MgO catalysts for light alkenes synthesis through CO hydrogenation was investigated.Catalysts were prepared by a conventional co-impregnation method,characterized using BET,X-ray powde...The effect of Fe content on FeMn/MgO catalysts for light alkenes synthesis through CO hydrogenation was investigated.Catalysts were prepared by a conventional co-impregnation method,characterized using BET,X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)and Temperature-programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR)techniques.High activity was obtained over the catalyst with 9 wt-%Fe content,over which CO conversion and the selectivity of C2^(=)-C4^(=)reached 91.36%and 58.48%,respectively.With the increase of Fe content,both the conversion and the selectivity were improved within a certain range and then decreased.The results show that the surface area of the catalyst played an important role in the catalytic reaction.With the increase of Fe loading,the interaction action between Fe and Mn was enhanced and FeMn solid solution was formed.展开更多
Fe and Zn levels in perilymph in guinea pigs injected with gentamicin(GM)were examined in this experlment,and those leves were compared with their correspondents in CSF,serum andhairs.Preventive and therapeutic action...Fe and Zn levels in perilymph in guinea pigs injected with gentamicin(GM)were examined in this experlment,and those leves were compared with their correspondents in CSF,serum andhairs.Preventive and therapeutic actions of seabuckthorn oil and injective gastrodini to hearing losswe observed.The results showed:①Fe content in perilymph and hair in GM ototxic guinea Pigswas increased,and was decreased after prevention and treating. There was no obvious change in CSFand serum.②Zn content in perilymph was increased in GM ototoxic guinea pigs,and was furtherincreased after prevention.Zn contents in serum and hairs were significantly decreased.The resultssuggest that GM ototoxic reaction is related to increasing Fe contents,and elevation ot Zn content isrelated to the compensative reaction of the body.The cjamges of chemical elements in perilymph aremore important than those in CSF,serum and hairs for pathologic changes in the cochlea,seabuckthorn oil can prevent GM ototoxic reaction.展开更多
Hot-rolled Fe-（0.75-2.20）Si （mass%） alloys were oxidized in dry air at 600-1200 ℃. The oxidation process was carried out by thermal gravimetric analysis （TGA）. At 600- 1 150 ℃, oxidation gain curves were appro...Hot-rolled Fe-（0.75-2.20）Si （mass%） alloys were oxidized in dry air at 600-1200 ℃. The oxidation process was carried out by thermal gravimetric analysis （TGA）. At 600- 1 150 ℃, oxidation gain curves were approximately parabolic. Electron probe mieroanalysis （EPMA） was applied to investigate cross-section morphology of oxide layer and element distribution across the layer. At lower temperature of 700 ℃, the oxide layer consisted of internal oxidation zone （IOZ）, inner Si-rich layer （conglomerate of fayalite and magnetite） and outer hematite layer, while at higher temperature of 1200 ℃, fayalite and wustite were observed in external oxide scale. Liquidus temperature of fayalite was detected by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. Through comparing the oxidation mass gain and parabolic rate constant of the alloys, it was found that oxidation resistance of Fe-Si alloy was enhanced by increasing Si content below 1 150 ℃ while increasing Si content of the alloy resulted in higher oxidation rate above 1150 ℃ owing to the liquid fayalite formation.展开更多
文摘Copper base alloy was overlaid onto 35CrMnSiA steel plate by tungsten inert gas （TIG） welding method. The heat transfer process was simulated, the microstructures of the copper base overlay were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）, and the friction and abrasion properties of the overlay were measured. The results show that the Fe content increases in the overlay with increasing the welding current. And with the increase of Fe content in the overlay, the friction coefficient increases and the wear mechanism changes from oxidation wear to abrasive wear and plough wear, which is related to the size and quantity of Fe grains in the overlay. While with the increase of Fe content in the overlay, the protection of oxidation layer against the oxidation wear on the melted metal decreases.
基金This study was funded by the Xinjiang Science and Technology Major Project(2021A03001-3)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0604001-3)+1 种基金the B&R Team of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2017-XBZG-BR-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1803117,U1803241).
文摘Information on the Fe content of bare rocks is needed for implementing geochemical processes and identifying mines.However,the influence of Fe content on the spectra of bare rocks has not been thoroughly analyzed in previous studies.The Saur Mountain region within the Hoboksar of the Russell Hill depression was selected as the study area.Specifically,we analyzed six hyperspectral indices related to rock Fe content based on laboratory measurements(Dataset I)and field measurements(Dataset II).In situ field measurements were acquired to verify the laboratory measurements.Fe content of the rock samples collected from different fresh and weathered rock surfaces were divided into six levels to reveal the spatial distributions of Fe content of these samples.In addition,we clearly displayed wavelengths with obvious characteristics by analyzing the spectra of these samples.The results of this work indicated that Fe content estimation models based on the fresh rock surface measurements in the laboratory can be applied to in situ field or satellite-based measurements of Fe content of the weathered rock surfaces.It is not the best way to use only the single wavelengths reflectance at all absorption wavelengths or the depth of these absorption features to estimate Fe content.Based on sample data analysis,the comparison with other indices revealed that the performance of the modified normalized difference index is the best indicator for estimating rock Fe content,with R2 values of 0.45 and 0.40 corresponding to datasets I and II,respectively.Hence,the modified normalized difference index(the wavelengths of 2220,2290,and 2370 nm)identified in this study could contribute considerably to improve the identification accuracy of rock Fe content in the bare rock areas.The method proposed in this study can obviously provide an efficient solution for large-scale rock Fe content measurements in the field.
文摘Insoluble constituents in 3104 alloy for beverage cans manufacturing play an important role in deep ironing process. This paper studies the effect of Fe content in the alloy on volume fraction of the constituents Al6(Fe, Mn)3 and Al12(Fe, Mn)3Si and its influence on ironing die pickup. It is shown that with Fe content increase, the amount of these constituents rises that helps prevent tool galling. Trials made at a can plant showed less ironing die changeovers at bodymakers. The optimum Fe content for aluminum can production can be considered between 0.47% and 0.53% that corresponds to 2.0% - 2.3% of insoluble constituent volume fraction. Greater amounts than this cause problems with excessive constituent particle formation and earing;smaller amounts result in increased ironing die galling.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3710501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52401002)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,China(No.Z191100001119125).
文摘The impact of Fe content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of an ultra-high strength aluminum alloy,namely,Al−10.50Zn−2.35Mg−1.25Cu−0.12Cr−0.1Mn−0.1Zr−0.1Ti,was investigated.It is found that the increase of Fe content leads to a notable rise in the volume fraction of microscale secondary phases,including(Cu,Fe,Mn,Cr)Al_(7),σphase(composed of Al,Zn,Mg,and Cu elements),and Al_(3)(Zr,Ti).The formation of these secondary phases results in the depletion of certain phase-forming elements,thereby significantly reducing the quantity of strengthening phases.Fe imposes minimal impact on tensile strength,but it can significantly alter the elongation(δ).For instance,the average elongation of the alloy with 0.18 wt.%Fe(δ=4.5%)is less than half that of the alloy with Fe less than 0.1 wt.%(δ=9.9%−10.9%).The reduction in elongation is attributed to the combined effects of the formation of coarse secondary phases and the diminished quantity of strengthening phases around these coarse phases.
文摘The effect of Fe content on FeMn/MgO catalysts for light alkenes synthesis through CO hydrogenation was investigated.Catalysts were prepared by a conventional co-impregnation method,characterized using BET,X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)and Temperature-programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR)techniques.High activity was obtained over the catalyst with 9 wt-%Fe content,over which CO conversion and the selectivity of C2^(=)-C4^(=)reached 91.36%and 58.48%,respectively.With the increase of Fe content,both the conversion and the selectivity were improved within a certain range and then decreased.The results show that the surface area of the catalyst played an important role in the catalytic reaction.With the increase of Fe loading,the interaction action between Fe and Mn was enhanced and FeMn solid solution was formed.
文摘Fe and Zn levels in perilymph in guinea pigs injected with gentamicin(GM)were examined in this experlment,and those leves were compared with their correspondents in CSF,serum andhairs.Preventive and therapeutic actions of seabuckthorn oil and injective gastrodini to hearing losswe observed.The results showed:①Fe content in perilymph and hair in GM ototxic guinea Pigswas increased,and was decreased after prevention and treating. There was no obvious change in CSFand serum.②Zn content in perilymph was increased in GM ototoxic guinea pigs,and was furtherincreased after prevention.Zn contents in serum and hairs were significantly decreased.The resultssuggest that GM ototoxic reaction is related to increasing Fe contents,and elevation ot Zn content isrelated to the compensative reaction of the body.The cjamges of chemical elements in perilymph aremore important than those in CSF,serum and hairs for pathologic changes in the cochlea,seabuckthorn oil can prevent GM ototoxic reaction.
基金Item Sponsored by National High-tech Research and Development Program of China(2011BAE13B04)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51204047,51204053)
文摘Hot-rolled Fe-（0.75-2.20）Si （mass%） alloys were oxidized in dry air at 600-1200 ℃. The oxidation process was carried out by thermal gravimetric analysis （TGA）. At 600- 1 150 ℃, oxidation gain curves were approximately parabolic. Electron probe mieroanalysis （EPMA） was applied to investigate cross-section morphology of oxide layer and element distribution across the layer. At lower temperature of 700 ℃, the oxide layer consisted of internal oxidation zone （IOZ）, inner Si-rich layer （conglomerate of fayalite and magnetite） and outer hematite layer, while at higher temperature of 1200 ℃, fayalite and wustite were observed in external oxide scale. Liquidus temperature of fayalite was detected by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. Through comparing the oxidation mass gain and parabolic rate constant of the alloys, it was found that oxidation resistance of Fe-Si alloy was enhanced by increasing Si content below 1 150 ℃ while increasing Si content of the alloy resulted in higher oxidation rate above 1150 ℃ owing to the liquid fayalite formation.
