Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are among the most effective biotherapeutics to date. An important aspect of antibodies is their ability to bind antigen while at the same time recruit immune effector functions. The ...Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are among the most effective biotherapeutics to date. An important aspect of antibodies is their ability to bind antigen while at the same time recruit immune effector functions. The majority of approved recombinant monoclonal antibody therapies are of the human IgG1 subclass, which can engage both humoral and cellular components of the immune system. The wealth of information generated about antibodies has afforded investigators the ability to molecularly engineer antibodies to modulate effector functions. Here, we review various antibody engineering efforts intended to improve efficacy and safety relative to the human IgG isotype. Further, we will discuss pro- posed mechanisms by which engineering approaches led to modified interactions with immune components and provide examples of clinical studies using next generation antibodies.展开更多
In order to accelerate the design of fuel cell(FC)/battery hybrid vehicles and optimize the related performance,a new modeling and simulation method for the fuel cell(FC)/battery hybrid vehicle was introduced in this ...In order to accelerate the design of fuel cell(FC)/battery hybrid vehicles and optimize the related performance,a new modeling and simulation method for the fuel cell(FC)/battery hybrid vehicle was introduced in this paper.The co-simulation platform was set up by combining MATLAB/Simulink with AVL/Cruise,where the FC engine was realized in MATLAB/Simulink and the other most vehicle components were modeled in AVL/Cruise.The performance of a certain FC hybrid vehicle with the embedded FC engine was evaluated by using the platform.Simulation results show that this method of simulation can be applied for the design of power management strategy,power unit configuration,and performance evaluation of FC hybrid vehicles.展开更多
文摘Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are among the most effective biotherapeutics to date. An important aspect of antibodies is their ability to bind antigen while at the same time recruit immune effector functions. The majority of approved recombinant monoclonal antibody therapies are of the human IgG1 subclass, which can engage both humoral and cellular components of the immune system. The wealth of information generated about antibodies has afforded investigators the ability to molecularly engineer antibodies to modulate effector functions. Here, we review various antibody engineering efforts intended to improve efficacy and safety relative to the human IgG isotype. Further, we will discuss pro- posed mechanisms by which engineering approaches led to modified interactions with immune components and provide examples of clinical studies using next generation antibodies.
基金National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2008AA050403)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(No.B303)and VL LIST GmbH
文摘In order to accelerate the design of fuel cell(FC)/battery hybrid vehicles and optimize the related performance,a new modeling and simulation method for the fuel cell(FC)/battery hybrid vehicle was introduced in this paper.The co-simulation platform was set up by combining MATLAB/Simulink with AVL/Cruise,where the FC engine was realized in MATLAB/Simulink and the other most vehicle components were modeled in AVL/Cruise.The performance of a certain FC hybrid vehicle with the embedded FC engine was evaluated by using the platform.Simulation results show that this method of simulation can be applied for the design of power management strategy,power unit configuration,and performance evaluation of FC hybrid vehicles.
