Objective Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb),the causative agent of tuberculosis(TB),causes an estimated 1.6 million human deaths annually,but the pathogenesis of TB remains unclear.Immunity plays a critical role in the ...Objective Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb),the causative agent of tuberculosis(TB),causes an estimated 1.6 million human deaths annually,but the pathogenesis of TB remains unclear.Immunity plays a critical role in the onset and outcome of TB.This study aimed to uncover the roles of innate and adaptive immunity in TB.Methods The gene expression profiles generated by RNA sequencing from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)stimulated with or without Mtb strain H37Rv antigens were analyzed.A total of 973 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified.Results The differentially expressed genes were enriched in innate immunity signaling functions.The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene was significantly upregulated in CD14^(+)monocytes.A MET inhibitor improved the uptake of the BCG strain by monocytes and macrophages as well as inhibited the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO).The expression of IDO was increased in PBMCs stimulated with Mtb antigens,and the IDO inhibitor promoted the expression of CD40,CD83,and CD86.Conclusion Our results might provide clues regarding the immunomodulatory mechanisms used by Mtb to evade the host defense system.展开更多
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） plays an important role in fibrotic diseases. We have previously showed that silica induces EMT in human bronchial epithelial cells （BECs）; however, the underlying mechanism...Epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） plays an important role in fibrotic diseases. We have previously showed that silica induces EMT in human bronchial epithelial cells （BECs）; however, the underlying mechanism of silica-induced EMT is poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of Snail in silica-induced EMT in human BECs in vitro. Human BECs were treated with silica at various concentrations and incubation times. Then MTr assay, western blot, electrophoretic mobility shift assay （EMSA）, and small interfering RNA （siRNA） transfection were performed. We found that silica increased the expression and DNA binding activity of Snail in human BECs. SNAI silica-induced expression siRNA upregulated the siRNA inhibited the of Snail. Moreover, SNAI expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin, but attenuated the expression of mesenchymal marker a-smooth muscle actin and vimentin in silica-stimulated cells. These results suggest that Snail mediates the silica-induced EMT in human BECs.展开更多
AIM： To study the effect of discoidin I-like domaincontaining protein 3（EDIL3） depletion on the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） in human lens epithelial cells（LECs）. METHODS： RNA inter...AIM： To study the effect of discoidin I-like domaincontaining protein 3（EDIL3） depletion on the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） in human lens epithelial cells（LECs）. METHODS： RNA interference was used to inhibit the expression of EDIL3 in human LECs in vitro. The morphology of cells was observed using an inverted microscope. Cell proliferation was assessed using Ed U kit. Cell migration was investigated using Transwell chamber and EMT of LECs was assessed using confocal microscope and Western blotting. The transforming growth factor β（TGFβ） pathway was investigated using Western blotting. RESULTS： The data showed that silencing EDIL3 expression changed LECs morphology and suppressed LECs proliferation（P〈0.05） and migration（P〈0.01）. Furthermore, the result of Western blotting showed that EDIL3 depletion reduced the expression of α-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA）（P〈0.001） and vimentin（P〈0.01）, while increased the expression of E-cadherin（P〈0.001）. EDIL3 depletion could suppress the phosphorylation of Smad2（P〈0.01） and Smad3（P〈0.01） and the activation of exracellular signal regulated kinase（ERK）（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： The findings indicate that EDIL3 might participate in the proliferation and EMT in LECs via TGFβ pathway and may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of posterior capsule opacification.展开更多
In the paper, we apply the kT factorization approach to deal with the B8 → fofo（980） transition form factors in the large recoil regions, i.e. the small q2 regions. For the purpose, we adopt the B-meson wave-functi...In the paper, we apply the kT factorization approach to deal with the B8 → fofo（980） transition form factors in the large recoil regions, i.e. the small q2 regions. For the purpose, we adopt the B-meson wave-functions ЖB, ЖB and that include the three-Fock states contributions to do our discussion. Although the scalar meson fo（980） is widely perceived as the 4-quark bound state （scenario 2）, but the distribution amplitudes of 4-quark states are still unknown to us, so we adopt 2-quark model （scenario 1） for scalar meson fo（980） in our discussion. By varying the B-meson wave-function parameters within their reasonable regions, we obtain Fo（0） = F＋（0） = 0.20 ± 0.02, FT（O） = 0.24 4± 0.02. Our present results for these form factors are consistent with the light-cone sum rule results obtained in the literature.展开更多
AIM:To explore the effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)on retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cell behaviors.METHODS:The human adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19(ARPE-19)were treated by HGF or mesenchymalepi...AIM:To explore the effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)on retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cell behaviors.METHODS:The human adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19(ARPE-19)were treated by HGF or mesenchymalepithelial transition factor(MET)inhibitor SU11274 in vitro.Cell viability was detected by a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.Cell proliferation and motility was detected by a bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and a wound healing assay,respectively.The expression levels of MET,phosphorylated MET,protein kinase B(AKT),and phosphorylated AKT proteins were determined by Western blot assay.The MET and phosphorylated MET proteins were also determined by immunofluorescence assay.RESULTS:HGF increased ARPE-19 cells’viability,proliferation and migration,and induced an increase of phosphorylated MET and phosphorylated AKT proteins.SU11274 significantly reduced cell viability,proliferation,and migration and decreased the expression of MET and AKT proteins.SU11274 suppressed HGF-induced increase of viability,proliferation,and migration in ARPE-19 cells.Additionally,SU11274 also blocked HGF-induced phosphorylation of MET and AKT proteins.CONCLUSION:HGF enhances cellular viability,proliferation,and migration in RPE cells through the MET/AKT signaling pathway,whereas this enhancement is suppressed by the MET inhibitor SU11274.HGF-induced MET/AKT signaling might be a vital contributor of RPE cells survival.展开更多
The feasibility of spin-forbidden cooling of the In H molecule is investigated based on ab initio quantum chemistry calculations. The potential energy curves for the X^1Σ0^＋^＋, a^3Π0-, a^3Π0^＋, a^3Π1, a-3Π2, ...The feasibility of spin-forbidden cooling of the In H molecule is investigated based on ab initio quantum chemistry calculations. The potential energy curves for the X^1Σ0^＋^＋, a^3Π0-, a^3Π0^＋, a^3Π1, a-3Π2, A-1Π1, 1-3Σ^0^-＋, and 1-3Σ1-＋states of In H are obtained based on multi-reference configuration interaction plus the Davidson corrections method. The calculated spectroscopic constants are in good agreement with the available experimental data. In addition, the influences of the active space and spin–orbit coupling effects on the potential energy curves and spectroscopic constants are also studied. For Re of a^3Π0^-, a^3Π0^＋, a^3Π1, and a-3Π2 states, the error from large active space is small. The potential energy curve of the A-1Π1state is not smooth for small active space. The spin–orbit coupling effects have great influences on the potential well depth and equilibrium internuclear distance of the A-1Π state. The Franck–Condon factors and radiative lifetimes are obtained on the basis of the transition dipole moments of the a^3Π0^＋）→ X^1Σ0^＋^＋, a-3Π1 → X-1Σ0^＋-＋, and A-1Π1 → X-1Σ0^＋^＋ transitions. Our calculation indicates that the a^3Π1（ ν＇= 0） → X-1Σ0^＋^＋（ν = 0） transition provides a highly diagonally distributed Franck–Condon factor and a short radiative lifetime for the a3Π1 state, which can ensure rapid and efficient laser cooling of In H.The proposed laser drives a-3Π1 → X-1Σ0^＋^＋ transitions by using three wavelengths.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the potential of pigment epitheliumderived factor（PEDF） to protect the immortalized rat retinal ganglion cells-5（RGC-5） exposed to Co Cl2-induced chemical hypoxia. METHODS： After being differ...AIM： To investigate the potential of pigment epitheliumderived factor（PEDF） to protect the immortalized rat retinal ganglion cells-5（RGC-5） exposed to Co Cl2-induced chemical hypoxia. METHODS： After being differentiated with staurosporine（SS）, RGC-5 cells were cultured in four conditions： control group cells cultured in Dulbecco ＇s modified eagle medium（DMEM） supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 μmol/m L streptomycin and penicillin（named as normal conditions）; hypoxia group cells cultured in DMEM containing 300 μmol/m L Co Cl2; cells in the group protected by PEDF were first pretreated with 100 ng/m L PEDF for 2h and then cultured in the same condition as hypoxia group cells; and PEDF group cells that were cultured in the presence of 100 ng/m L PEDF under normal conditions. The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, the percentage of apoptotic cells was quantified using Annexin V-FITC apoptosis kit, and intra-cellar reactive oxygen species（ROS） was measured by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate（DCFH-DA） probe. The mitochondria-mediated apoptosis was also examined to further study the underlying mechanism of the protective effect of PEDF. The opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores（m PTPs） and membrane potential（Δψm） were tested as cellular adenosine triphosphate（ATP） level and glutathione（GSH）. Also, the expression and distribution of Cyt C and apoptosis inducing factor（AIF） were observed.RESULTS： SS induced differentiation of RGC-5 cells resulting in elongation of their neurites and establishing contacts between outgrowths. Exposure to 300 μmol/m L Co Cl2 triggered death of 30% of the total cells in cultures within 24 h. At the same time, pretreatment with 100 ng/m L PEDF significantly suppressed the cell death induced by hypoxia（P〈0.05）. The apoptosis induced by treatment of Co Cl2 was that induced cell death accompanied with increasing intracellar ROS and decreasing GSH and ATP level. PEDF pretreatment suppressed these effects（P〈0.05）. Additionally, PEDF treatment inhibited the opening of m PTPs and suppressed decreasing of Δψm in RGC-5 cells, resulting in blocking of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.CONCLUSION： Pretreatment of RGC-5 cells with 100 ng/m L PEDF significantly decreases the extent of apoptosis. PEDF inhibits the opening of m PTPs and suppresses decreasing of Δψm. Moreover, PEDF also reduces ROS production and inhibits cellular ATP level＇s reduction. Cyt C and AIF activation in PEDF-pretreated cultures are also reduced. These results demonstrate the potential for PEDF to protect RGCs against hypoxic damage in vitro by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction.展开更多
The large dynamic range and high performance of temperature and humidity profile lidar made it a popular tool for monitoring the atmospheric environment.In this study,we carried out an accurate analysis of the key com...The large dynamic range and high performance of temperature and humidity profile lidar made it a popular tool for monitoring the atmospheric environment.In this study,we carried out an accurate analysis of the key components of the lidar system,including lasers,the emitting and receiving light paths,and photodetectors.We combined the validation of simulations with experimental testing,and then the applicability indicators and necessary conditions in accordance were suggested.For the frequency stability of the laser,when the wavelength shift is less than 0.15%,the measurement accuracy of the system can be guaranteed to be less than 5%.The degree of near-field signal distortion will be significantly impacted by the size of the geometric factor’s transition zone.The introduced measurement error is less than 2%when the deviation angle of the emission axis is less than 0.1 mrad.It has been tested that selecting a low-sensitivity detector can help to improve the sensitivity of temperature detection since this channel is sensitive to the detector’s nonlinearity.To enhance lidar’s detection capabilities and direct the lidar system design process,it is beneficial to analyze the precision of the key components.展开更多
Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significant...Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.展开更多
AIM To establish a model to enrich and characterize stemlike cells from murine normal liver and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell lines and to further investigate stem-like cell association with epithelial-to-mesench...AIM To establish a model to enrich and characterize stemlike cells from murine normal liver and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell lines and to further investigate stem-like cell association with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).METHODS In this study,we utilized a stem cell conditioned serumfree medium to enrich stem-like cells from mouse HCC and normal liver cell lines,Hepa 1-6 and AML12,respectively.We isolated the 3-dimensional spheres and assessed their stemness characteristics by evaluating theRNA levels of stemness genes and a cell surface stem cell marker by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR(q RTPCR).Next,we examined the relationship between stem cells and EMT using q RT-PCR.RESULTS Three-dimensional spheres were enriched by culturing murine HCC and normal hepatocyte cell lines in stem cell conditioned serum-free medium supplemented with epidermal growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor and heparin sulfate.The 3-dimensional spheres had enhanced stemness markers such as Klf4 and Bmi1 and hepatic cancer stem cell(CSC) marker Cd44 compared to parental cells grown as adherent cultures.We report that epithelial markers E-cadherin and ZO-1 were downregulated,while mesenchymal markers Vimentin and Fibronectin were upregulated in 3-dimensional spheres.The 3-dimensional spheres also exhibited changes in expression of Snai,Zeb and Twist family of EMT transcription factors.CONCLUSION Our novel method successfully enriched stem-like cells which possessed an EMT phenotype.The isolation and characterization of murine hepatic CSCs could establish a precise target for the development of more effective therapies for HCC.展开更多
Verticillin A is a diketopiperazine compound which was previously isolated from Amanita flavorubescens Aik(containing parasitic fungi Hypomyces hyalines(Schw.)Tul.).Here,we initially found,by wound healing assay and T...Verticillin A is a diketopiperazine compound which was previously isolated from Amanita flavorubescens Aik(containing parasitic fungi Hypomyces hyalines(Schw.)Tul.).Here,we initially found,by wound healing assay and Tran swell assay in vitro,that verticilli n A possesses an inhibitory effect agai nst the migrati on and in vasion of the human colon cancer cell.Subsequently,c-mesenchymal,epithelial transition factor(c-Met)was identified as a molecular target of verticillin A by screening key genes related to cell migration.Verticillin A-mediated c-Met suppress!on is at the transcriptio nal level.Further study dem on strated that verticilli n A suppressed c-MET phosphorylation and decreased c-MET protein level.In addition,verticillin A inhibited the phosphorylation of c-MET downstream molecules including rat sarcoma(Ras)-associated factor(Raf),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and protein kinase B(AKT).Overexpression of Erk partially reversed the verticillin A-mediated anti-metastasis action in the human colon cancer cell.More importantly,verticillin A also inhibited cancer cell metastasis in vivo.Thus,verticillin A can significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells by targeting c-Met and inhibiting Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase(MEK)/ERK signaling pathways.Therefore,we determined that verticillin A is a natural compound that can be further developed as an anti-metastatic drug in human cancers.展开更多
We survey contemporary studies of hadrons and strongly interacting quarks using QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations, addressing the following aspects: confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; the hadron spe...We survey contemporary studies of hadrons and strongly interacting quarks using QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations, addressing the following aspects: confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; the hadron spectrum; hadron elastic and transition form factors, from small-to large-Q2; parton distribution functions; the physics of hadrons containing one or more heavy quarks; and properties of the quark gluon plasma.展开更多
BACKGROUND Due to the rarity of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)fusions,the clinical efficacy of crizotinib has only been described in a few patients with MET fusions involving various fusion partners.Her...BACKGROUND Due to the rarity of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)fusions,the clinical efficacy of crizotinib has only been described in a few patients with MET fusions involving various fusion partners.Herein,we report the clinical response to crizotinib of a patient with advanced poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma(NSCLC)having concurrent MET fusions.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old woman was diagnosed with poorly differentiated NSCLC(T4 N3 M1).With no classic driver mutations,she was treated with two cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin without clinical benefit.Targeted sequencing revealed the detection of two concurrent MET fusions,KIF5 B-MET and novel MET-CDR2.Crizotinib was initiated at a dose of 250 mg twice daily.Within 4 wk of crizotinib therapy,repeat computed chromatography revealed a dramatic reduction in primary and metastatic lesions,assessed as partial response.She continued to benefit from crizotinib for 3 mo until disease progression and died within 1 mo despite receiving nivolumab therapy.CONCLUSION Crizotinib sensitivity was observed in an advanced poorly differentiated NSCLC patient with concurrent MET fusions KIF5 B-MET and MET-CDR2.Crizotinib can serve as a therapeutic option for patients with MET fusions.In addition,our case also highlights the importance of comprehensive genomic profiling particularly in patients with no classic driver mutation for guiding alternative therapeutic decisions.展开更多
We present measurements of the γγ＊ → π^0 transition form factor for the momentum transfer range Q^2=4-40 GeV^2 and the γγ＊ → ηc transition form factor for the range Q^2=2-50 GeV^2. The current status of meas...We present measurements of the γγ＊ → π^0 transition form factor for the momentum transfer range Q^2=4-40 GeV^2 and the γγ＊ → ηc transition form factor for the range Q^2=2-50 GeV^2. The current status of measurements of the meson-photon transition form factors for the η and η＇ mesons is discussed. The results of the measurement of the ηc mass, total and two-photon widths are also presented.展开更多
BACKGROUND Brain metastases(BM)are very rare in gastric adenocarcinoma(GaC),and patients with BMs have a higher mortality rate due to stronger tumor aggressiveness.However,its pathogenesis remains unclear.Genetic test...BACKGROUND Brain metastases(BM)are very rare in gastric adenocarcinoma(GaC),and patients with BMs have a higher mortality rate due to stronger tumor aggressiveness.However,its pathogenesis remains unclear.Genetic testing revealed cellular-mesenchymal epithelial transition factor receptor(MET)amplification.Therefore,treatment with savolitinib,a small molecule inhibitor of c-Met,was selected.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old woman was diagnosed with advanced GaC 6 months prior to presentation due to back pain.Cerebellar and meningeal metastases were observed during candonilimab combined with oxaliplatin and capecitabine therapy.The patient experienced frequent generalized seizures and persistent drowsiness in the emergency department.Genetic testing of cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood revealed increased MET amplification.After discussing treatment options with the patient,savolitinib tablets were administered.After a month of treatment,the intracranial lesions shrank considerably.CONCLUSION BM is very rare in advanced GaC,especially in meningeal cancer,that is characterized by rapid disease deterioration.There are very few effective treatment options available;however,technological breakthroughs in genomics have provided a basis for personalized treatment.Furthermore,MET amplification may be a key driver of BM in gastric cancer;however,this conclusion requires further investigation.展开更多
Elastic α-^(12)C scattering for l=2 and E2 transition of radiativeαcapture on ^(12)C and ^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O are studied in cluster effective field theory.Owing to the problem in fixing the asymptotic normalization ...Elastic α-^(12)C scattering for l=2 and E2 transition of radiativeαcapture on ^(12)C and ^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O are studied in cluster effective field theory.Owing to the problem in fixing the asymptotic normalization coefficient(ANC)of the subthreshold 2_(1)^(+)state of ^(16)O or,equivalently,the effective range parameters of the 2_(1)^(+)state,from the elastic scattering data,we introduced the conditions that lead to a large value of the ANC in this study.We also introduced d-wave phase shift data of the elastic scattering up to theαenergy,E_(α)=10MeV,which contain the resonant 2_(4)^(+)state of^(16)O.Applying these conditions,the parameters of the S matrix of the elastic scattering for l=2 were fitted to the phase shift data,and the fitted parameters were employed in the calculation of the astrophysical S_(E2)factor of ^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O;we extrapolated the S_(E2)factor to the Gamow-peak energy,E_(G)=0.3MeV.We found that the aforementioned conditions lead to significant effects in the observables of the 2_(4)^(+)state of ^(16)O and the estimate of the S_(E2)factor at E_(G)and confirmed that the ANC of the 2_(1)^(+)of^(16)O cannot be determined by the phase shift data for.展开更多
The Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model is utilized to investigate the pion-and kaon-photon leading-twist transition distribution amplitudes using proper time regularization.Separately,the properties of the vector and axial vec...The Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model is utilized to investigate the pion-and kaon-photon leading-twist transition distribution amplitudes using proper time regularization.Separately,the properties of the vector and axial vector pion-photon transition distribution amplitudes are examined,and the results meet the desired properties.Our study involves sum rule and polynomiality condition.The vector and axial vector pion-photon transition form factors that are present in theπ^(+)→γe^(+)νprocess are the first Mellin moments of the pion-photon transition distribution amplitudes.The vector transition form factor originates from the internal structure of hadrons,the axial current can be coupled to a pion,this pion is virtual,and its contribution will be present independently of the external hadrons.The kaon transition form factors are similar.The vector form factor's value at zero momentum transfer is determined by the axial anomaly,while this is not the case for the axial one.The vector and axial form factors,as well as the neutral pion vector form factor F_(πγγ)(t),are depicted.According to our findings,the pion axial transition form factor is harder than the vector transition form factor and harder than the electromagnetic form factor.We also discuss the link betweenπ−γandγ−πtransitions distribution amplitudes.展开更多
We study the structure of nonstrange baryons by analytically calculating the electromagnetic transition helicity amplitudes of the nucleon andΔresonances.We employ an improved hypercentral constituent quark model and...We study the structure of nonstrange baryons by analytically calculating the electromagnetic transition helicity amplitudes of the nucleon andΔresonances.We employ an improved hypercentral constituent quark model and obtain the corresponding eigenenergies and eigenfunctions in closed forms.Then,we calculate the transverse and longitudinal helicity amplitudes for nucleon andΔresonances.The comparison of evaluated observables and experimental data indicates good agreement between the proposed model and available data.展开更多
The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)proto-oncogene plays impor-tant roles during tumor development.Recently,evidence has revealed MET signaling may impact tumor immunogenicity and regulate the immune resp...The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)proto-oncogene plays impor-tant roles during tumor development.Recently,evidence has revealed MET signaling may impact tumor immunogenicity and regulate the immune response.Here we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic and clinical analysis to explore the characteristics of MET muta-tion and its association with the outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy.In 4149 patients with 12 tumor types treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors,MET mutation indicated favorable overall survival(hazard ratio Z 0.61;95%CI,0.50e0.74;P<0.001),progression-free survival(hazard ratio Z 0.74;95%CI,0.60e0.92;P Z 0.01),and objective response rate(40.3%vs.28.1%;P Z 0.003).Moreover,we developed a nomogram to estimate the 12-month and 24-month survival probabilities after the initiation of immunotherapy.Further multi-omics anal-ysis on both intrinsic and extrinsic immune landscapes revealed that MET mutation enhanced tumor immunogenicity,enriched infiltration of immune cells,and improved immune re-sponses.In summary,MET mutation improves cancer immunity and is an independent biomarker for favorable outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy.These results may influence clinical practices,guide treatment decision-making,and develop immunotherapy for person-alized care.展开更多
In this study,we continue an investigation of the semileptonic decays B_(s)→D_(s)^(*)lve.First,we derive the moments of the D_(s)^(*)-meson longitudinal leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) based on...In this study,we continue an investigation of the semileptonic decays B_(s)→D_(s)^(*)lve.First,we derive the moments of the D_(s)^(*)-meson longitudinal leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) based on QCD sum rules within the background field theory framework.Considering the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-six,its first ten non-zero ξ-moments at the initial scale μ_(0)=1.3GeV are <ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,1)>}μ_(0)=-0.302_(-0.046)^(+0.038),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,2)>}μ_(0)=+0.229_(-0.034)^(+0.039),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,3)>}μ_(0)=-0.121_(-0.019)^(+0.015),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,4)>}μ_(0)=+0.101_(-0.014)^(+0.017),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,5)>}μ_(0)=-0.066_(-0.010)^(+0.009),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,6)>}μ_(0)=+0.053_(-0.007)^(+0.009),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,7)>}μ_(0)=-0.041_(-0.007)^(+0.006),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,8)>}μ_(0)=+0.037_(-0.005)^(+0.006),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,9)>}μ_(0)=-0.026_(-0.004)^(+0.003),and <ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,10)>}μ_(0)=+0.025_(-0.004)^(+0.004).We also construct the D_(s)^(*)-meson longitudinal leading-twist LCDA by using the light-cone harmonic oscillator model.Then,using the above moments,we fix the model parameters α_(2);D_(s)^(*) and B_(1)^(2;D_(s)^(*)) using the least squares method and apply them to calculate B_(s)→D_(s)^(*) transition form factors A_(1)(q^(2)),A_(2)(q^(2)) and V(q^(2)) that are derived using the QCD light-cone sum rules.In the large recoil region,we obtain A_(1)(0)=0.632_(-0.135)^(+0.228),A_(2)(0)=0.706_(-0.092)^(+0.109),,and V(0)=0.647_(-0.069)^(+0.076).These form factors are then extrapolated to the allowed whole physical q^(2)-region through the simplified series expansion.Finally,we obtain the branching fractions for the two decay channels of B_(s)→D_(s)^(*)lve,B(B_(s)^(0)→D_(s)^(*)e^(-)v_(e))=(5.45_(-1.57)^(+2.15))×10^(-2) and B(B_(s)^(0)→D_(s)^(*)μ^(-)v_(μ))=(5.43_(-1.57)^(+2.14))×10^(-2).In addition,we present the CKM matrix element |V_(cb)| by matching the LHCb Collaboration branching fraction,yielding a value of |V_(cb)|=(40.11+_(7.49)^(+6.54))×10^(-3).展开更多
基金This study was supported by the Thirteen-Fifth Mega-Scientific Project on“Prevention and Treatment of AIDS,Viral Hepatitis and Other Infectious Diseases”(No.2017ZX10201301-007-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81571961 and No.82072233)the 309th Hospital(No.2017ZD-007).
文摘Objective Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb),the causative agent of tuberculosis(TB),causes an estimated 1.6 million human deaths annually,but the pathogenesis of TB remains unclear.Immunity plays a critical role in the onset and outcome of TB.This study aimed to uncover the roles of innate and adaptive immunity in TB.Methods The gene expression profiles generated by RNA sequencing from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)stimulated with or without Mtb strain H37Rv antigens were analyzed.A total of 973 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified.Results The differentially expressed genes were enriched in innate immunity signaling functions.The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene was significantly upregulated in CD14^(+)monocytes.A MET inhibitor improved the uptake of the BCG strain by monocytes and macrophages as well as inhibited the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO).The expression of IDO was increased in PBMCs stimulated with Mtb antigens,and the IDO inhibitor promoted the expression of CD40,CD83,and CD86.Conclusion Our results might provide clues regarding the immunomodulatory mechanisms used by Mtb to evade the host defense system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30700661,81170023,81470266)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2014M562139)Hunan Province Natural Science Foundation(14JJ2041)
文摘Epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） plays an important role in fibrotic diseases. We have previously showed that silica induces EMT in human bronchial epithelial cells （BECs）; however, the underlying mechanism of silica-induced EMT is poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of Snail in silica-induced EMT in human BECs in vitro. Human BECs were treated with silica at various concentrations and incubation times. Then MTr assay, western blot, electrophoretic mobility shift assay （EMSA）, and small interfering RNA （siRNA） transfection were performed. We found that silica increased the expression and DNA binding activity of Snail in human BECs. SNAI silica-induced expression siRNA upregulated the siRNA inhibited the of Snail. Moreover, SNAI expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin, but attenuated the expression of mesenchymal marker a-smooth muscle actin and vimentin in silica-stimulated cells. These results suggest that Snail mediates the silica-induced EMT in human BECs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81700839)Military logistics scientific research project (No.BWS12J030)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No.15ZR1413200)Research Foundation for Youth of Second Military Medical University (No.2016QN13)Research Foundation for Youth of Changhai Hospital (No.CH201712)
文摘AIM： To study the effect of discoidin I-like domaincontaining protein 3（EDIL3） depletion on the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） in human lens epithelial cells（LECs）. METHODS： RNA interference was used to inhibit the expression of EDIL3 in human LECs in vitro. The morphology of cells was observed using an inverted microscope. Cell proliferation was assessed using Ed U kit. Cell migration was investigated using Transwell chamber and EMT of LECs was assessed using confocal microscope and Western blotting. The transforming growth factor β（TGFβ） pathway was investigated using Western blotting. RESULTS： The data showed that silencing EDIL3 expression changed LECs morphology and suppressed LECs proliferation（P〈0.05） and migration（P〈0.01）. Furthermore, the result of Western blotting showed that EDIL3 depletion reduced the expression of α-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA）（P〈0.001） and vimentin（P〈0.01）, while increased the expression of E-cadherin（P〈0.001）. EDIL3 depletion could suppress the phosphorylation of Smad2（P〈0.01） and Smad3（P〈0.01） and the activation of exracellular signal regulated kinase（ERK）（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： The findings indicate that EDIL3 might participate in the proliferation and EMT in LECs via TGFβ pathway and may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of posterior capsule opacification.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.CDJZR10100023
文摘In the paper, we apply the kT factorization approach to deal with the B8 → fofo（980） transition form factors in the large recoil regions, i.e. the small q2 regions. For the purpose, we adopt the B-meson wave-functions ЖB, ЖB and that include the three-Fock states contributions to do our discussion. Although the scalar meson fo（980） is widely perceived as the 4-quark bound state （scenario 2）, but the distribution amplitudes of 4-quark states are still unknown to us, so we adopt 2-quark model （scenario 1） for scalar meson fo（980） in our discussion. By varying the B-meson wave-function parameters within their reasonable regions, we obtain Fo（0） = F＋（0） = 0.20 ± 0.02, FT（O） = 0.24 4± 0.02. Our present results for these form factors are consistent with the light-cone sum rule results obtained in the literature.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2022JM-521)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Xi’an(No.21YXYJ0031).
文摘AIM:To explore the effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)on retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cell behaviors.METHODS:The human adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19(ARPE-19)were treated by HGF or mesenchymalepithelial transition factor(MET)inhibitor SU11274 in vitro.Cell viability was detected by a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.Cell proliferation and motility was detected by a bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and a wound healing assay,respectively.The expression levels of MET,phosphorylated MET,protein kinase B(AKT),and phosphorylated AKT proteins were determined by Western blot assay.The MET and phosphorylated MET proteins were also determined by immunofluorescence assay.RESULTS:HGF increased ARPE-19 cells’viability,proliferation and migration,and induced an increase of phosphorylated MET and phosphorylated AKT proteins.SU11274 significantly reduced cell viability,proliferation,and migration and decreased the expression of MET and AKT proteins.SU11274 suppressed HGF-induced increase of viability,proliferation,and migration in ARPE-19 cells.Additionally,SU11274 also blocked HGF-induced phosphorylation of MET and AKT proteins.CONCLUSION:HGF enhances cellular viability,proliferation,and migration in RPE cells through the MET/AKT signaling pathway,whereas this enhancement is suppressed by the MET inhibitor SU11274.HGF-induced MET/AKT signaling might be a vital contributor of RPE cells survival.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11104217 and 11402199)the Program for New Scientific and Technological Star of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.2012KJXX-39)
文摘The feasibility of spin-forbidden cooling of the In H molecule is investigated based on ab initio quantum chemistry calculations. The potential energy curves for the X^1Σ0^＋^＋, a^3Π0-, a^3Π0^＋, a^3Π1, a-3Π2, A-1Π1, 1-3Σ^0^-＋, and 1-3Σ1-＋states of In H are obtained based on multi-reference configuration interaction plus the Davidson corrections method. The calculated spectroscopic constants are in good agreement with the available experimental data. In addition, the influences of the active space and spin–orbit coupling effects on the potential energy curves and spectroscopic constants are also studied. For Re of a^3Π0^-, a^3Π0^＋, a^3Π1, and a-3Π2 states, the error from large active space is small. The potential energy curve of the A-1Π1state is not smooth for small active space. The spin–orbit coupling effects have great influences on the potential well depth and equilibrium internuclear distance of the A-1Π state. The Franck–Condon factors and radiative lifetimes are obtained on the basis of the transition dipole moments of the a^3Π0^＋）→ X^1Σ0^＋^＋, a-3Π1 → X-1Σ0^＋-＋, and A-1Π1 → X-1Σ0^＋^＋ transitions. Our calculation indicates that the a^3Π1（ ν＇= 0） → X-1Σ0^＋^＋（ν = 0） transition provides a highly diagonally distributed Franck–Condon factor and a short radiative lifetime for the a3Π1 state, which can ensure rapid and efficient laser cooling of In H.The proposed laser drives a-3Π1 → X-1Σ0^＋^＋ transitions by using three wavelengths.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81100665)
文摘AIM： To investigate the potential of pigment epitheliumderived factor（PEDF） to protect the immortalized rat retinal ganglion cells-5（RGC-5） exposed to Co Cl2-induced chemical hypoxia. METHODS： After being differentiated with staurosporine（SS）, RGC-5 cells were cultured in four conditions： control group cells cultured in Dulbecco ＇s modified eagle medium（DMEM） supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 μmol/m L streptomycin and penicillin（named as normal conditions）; hypoxia group cells cultured in DMEM containing 300 μmol/m L Co Cl2; cells in the group protected by PEDF were first pretreated with 100 ng/m L PEDF for 2h and then cultured in the same condition as hypoxia group cells; and PEDF group cells that were cultured in the presence of 100 ng/m L PEDF under normal conditions. The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, the percentage of apoptotic cells was quantified using Annexin V-FITC apoptosis kit, and intra-cellar reactive oxygen species（ROS） was measured by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate（DCFH-DA） probe. The mitochondria-mediated apoptosis was also examined to further study the underlying mechanism of the protective effect of PEDF. The opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores（m PTPs） and membrane potential（Δψm） were tested as cellular adenosine triphosphate（ATP） level and glutathione（GSH）. Also, the expression and distribution of Cyt C and apoptosis inducing factor（AIF） were observed.RESULTS： SS induced differentiation of RGC-5 cells resulting in elongation of their neurites and establishing contacts between outgrowths. Exposure to 300 μmol/m L Co Cl2 triggered death of 30% of the total cells in cultures within 24 h. At the same time, pretreatment with 100 ng/m L PEDF significantly suppressed the cell death induced by hypoxia（P〈0.05）. The apoptosis induced by treatment of Co Cl2 was that induced cell death accompanied with increasing intracellar ROS and decreasing GSH and ATP level. PEDF pretreatment suppressed these effects（P〈0.05）. Additionally, PEDF treatment inhibited the opening of m PTPs and suppressed decreasing of Δψm in RGC-5 cells, resulting in blocking of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.CONCLUSION： Pretreatment of RGC-5 cells with 100 ng/m L PEDF significantly decreases the extent of apoptosis. PEDF inhibits the opening of m PTPs and suppresses decreasing of Δψm. Moreover, PEDF also reduces ROS production and inhibits cellular ATP level＇s reduction. Cyt C and AIF activation in PEDF-pretreated cultures are also reduced. These results demonstrate the potential for PEDF to protect RGCs against hypoxic damage in vitro by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFC3700400 and 2022YFC3704000).
文摘The large dynamic range and high performance of temperature and humidity profile lidar made it a popular tool for monitoring the atmospheric environment.In this study,we carried out an accurate analysis of the key components of the lidar system,including lasers,the emitting and receiving light paths,and photodetectors.We combined the validation of simulations with experimental testing,and then the applicability indicators and necessary conditions in accordance were suggested.For the frequency stability of the laser,when the wavelength shift is less than 0.15%,the measurement accuracy of the system can be guaranteed to be less than 5%.The degree of near-field signal distortion will be significantly impacted by the size of the geometric factor’s transition zone.The introduced measurement error is less than 2%when the deviation angle of the emission axis is less than 0.1 mrad.It has been tested that selecting a low-sensitivity detector can help to improve the sensitivity of temperature detection since this channel is sensitive to the detector’s nonlinearity.To enhance lidar’s detection capabilities and direct the lidar system design process,it is beneficial to analyze the precision of the key components.
文摘Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.
基金Supported by The Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation,Australia,No.016092the Cyril Gilbert Foundation,Australia,No.017348
文摘AIM To establish a model to enrich and characterize stemlike cells from murine normal liver and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell lines and to further investigate stem-like cell association with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).METHODS In this study,we utilized a stem cell conditioned serumfree medium to enrich stem-like cells from mouse HCC and normal liver cell lines,Hepa 1-6 and AML12,respectively.We isolated the 3-dimensional spheres and assessed their stemness characteristics by evaluating theRNA levels of stemness genes and a cell surface stem cell marker by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR(q RTPCR).Next,we examined the relationship between stem cells and EMT using q RT-PCR.RESULTS Three-dimensional spheres were enriched by culturing murine HCC and normal hepatocyte cell lines in stem cell conditioned serum-free medium supplemented with epidermal growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor and heparin sulfate.The 3-dimensional spheres had enhanced stemness markers such as Klf4 and Bmi1 and hepatic cancer stem cell(CSC) marker Cd44 compared to parental cells grown as adherent cultures.We report that epithelial markers E-cadherin and ZO-1 were downregulated,while mesenchymal markers Vimentin and Fibronectin were upregulated in 3-dimensional spheres.The 3-dimensional spheres also exhibited changes in expression of Snai,Zeb and Twist family of EMT transcription factors.CONCLUSION Our novel method successfully enriched stem-like cells which possessed an EMT phenotype.The isolation and characterization of murine hepatic CSCs could establish a precise target for the development of more effective therapies for HCC.
基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY20H160039)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31570811)Siyuan Foundation,Hongkong,China。
文摘Verticillin A is a diketopiperazine compound which was previously isolated from Amanita flavorubescens Aik(containing parasitic fungi Hypomyces hyalines(Schw.)Tul.).Here,we initially found,by wound healing assay and Tran swell assay in vitro,that verticilli n A possesses an inhibitory effect agai nst the migrati on and in vasion of the human colon cancer cell.Subsequently,c-mesenchymal,epithelial transition factor(c-Met)was identified as a molecular target of verticillin A by screening key genes related to cell migration.Verticillin A-mediated c-Met suppress!on is at the transcriptio nal level.Further study dem on strated that verticilli n A suppressed c-MET phosphorylation and decreased c-MET protein level.In addition,verticillin A inhibited the phosphorylation of c-MET downstream molecules including rat sarcoma(Ras)-associated factor(Raf),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and protein kinase B(AKT).Overexpression of Erk partially reversed the verticillin A-mediated anti-metastasis action in the human colon cancer cell.More importantly,verticillin A also inhibited cancer cell metastasis in vivo.Thus,verticillin A can significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells by targeting c-Met and inhibiting Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase(MEK)/ERK signaling pathways.Therefore,we determined that verticillin A is a natural compound that can be further developed as an anti-metastatic drug in human cancers.
基金Supported by the Project of Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No. KJCX2.YW.W10Sistema Nacional de Investigadores+8 种基金CONACyT grant 46614-Fthe University of Adelaide and the Australian Research Council through Grant No. FL0992247Coordinación de la Investigación Científica (UMSNH) under Grant 4.10the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, Grant No. DE-AC02-06CH11357Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo, Grant Nos. 2009/51296-1 and 2010/05772-3the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10425521, 10675002, 10705002, 10935001 and 11075052the Major State Basic Research Development Program, under Grant No. G2007CB815000Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHthe U. S.National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0903991, in conjunction with a CONACyT Mexico-USA Collaboration Grant
文摘We survey contemporary studies of hadrons and strongly interacting quarks using QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations, addressing the following aspects: confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; the hadron spectrum; hadron elastic and transition form factors, from small-to large-Q2; parton distribution functions; the physics of hadrons containing one or more heavy quarks; and properties of the quark gluon plasma.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of ChinaNo. 2017YFC0907900 and 2017YFC0907904
文摘BACKGROUND Due to the rarity of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)fusions,the clinical efficacy of crizotinib has only been described in a few patients with MET fusions involving various fusion partners.Herein,we report the clinical response to crizotinib of a patient with advanced poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma(NSCLC)having concurrent MET fusions.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old woman was diagnosed with poorly differentiated NSCLC(T4 N3 M1).With no classic driver mutations,she was treated with two cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin without clinical benefit.Targeted sequencing revealed the detection of two concurrent MET fusions,KIF5 B-MET and novel MET-CDR2.Crizotinib was initiated at a dose of 250 mg twice daily.Within 4 wk of crizotinib therapy,repeat computed chromatography revealed a dramatic reduction in primary and metastatic lesions,assessed as partial response.She continued to benefit from crizotinib for 3 mo until disease progression and died within 1 mo despite receiving nivolumab therapy.CONCLUSION Crizotinib sensitivity was observed in an advanced poorly differentiated NSCLC patient with concurrent MET fusions KIF5 B-MET and MET-CDR2.Crizotinib can serve as a therapeutic option for patients with MET fusions.In addition,our case also highlights the importance of comprehensive genomic profiling particularly in patients with no classic driver mutation for guiding alternative therapeutic decisions.
文摘We present measurements of the γγ＊ → π^0 transition form factor for the momentum transfer range Q^2=4-40 GeV^2 and the γγ＊ → ηc transition form factor for the range Q^2=2-50 GeV^2. The current status of measurements of the meson-photon transition form factors for the η and η＇ mesons is discussed. The results of the measurement of the ηc mass, total and two-photon widths are also presented.
文摘BACKGROUND Brain metastases(BM)are very rare in gastric adenocarcinoma(GaC),and patients with BMs have a higher mortality rate due to stronger tumor aggressiveness.However,its pathogenesis remains unclear.Genetic testing revealed cellular-mesenchymal epithelial transition factor receptor(MET)amplification.Therefore,treatment with savolitinib,a small molecule inhibitor of c-Met,was selected.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old woman was diagnosed with advanced GaC 6 months prior to presentation due to back pain.Cerebellar and meningeal metastases were observed during candonilimab combined with oxaliplatin and capecitabine therapy.The patient experienced frequent generalized seizures and persistent drowsiness in the emergency department.Genetic testing of cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood revealed increased MET amplification.After discussing treatment options with the patient,savolitinib tablets were administered.After a month of treatment,the intracranial lesions shrank considerably.CONCLUSION BM is very rare in advanced GaC,especially in meningeal cancer,that is characterized by rapid disease deterioration.There are very few effective treatment options available;however,technological breakthroughs in genomics have provided a basis for personalized treatment.Furthermore,MET amplification may be a key driver of BM in gastric cancer;however,this conclusion requires further investigation.
基金Supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(2019R1F1A1040362,2022R1F1A1070060,2023R1A2C1003177)the Korean Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(KEIT)grant funded by the Korean government(MOTIE)(20022473)。
文摘Elastic α-^(12)C scattering for l=2 and E2 transition of radiativeαcapture on ^(12)C and ^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O are studied in cluster effective field theory.Owing to the problem in fixing the asymptotic normalization coefficient(ANC)of the subthreshold 2_(1)^(+)state of ^(16)O or,equivalently,the effective range parameters of the 2_(1)^(+)state,from the elastic scattering data,we introduced the conditions that lead to a large value of the ANC in this study.We also introduced d-wave phase shift data of the elastic scattering up to theαenergy,E_(α)=10MeV,which contain the resonant 2_(4)^(+)state of^(16)O.Applying these conditions,the parameters of the S matrix of the elastic scattering for l=2 were fitted to the phase shift data,and the fitted parameters were employed in the calculation of the astrophysical S_(E2)factor of ^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O;we extrapolated the S_(E2)factor to the Gamow-peak energy,E_(G)=0.3MeV.We found that the aforementioned conditions lead to significant effects in the observables of the 2_(4)^(+)state of ^(16)O and the estimate of the S_(E2)factor at E_(G)and confirmed that the ANC of the 2_(1)^(+)of^(16)O cannot be determined by the phase shift data for.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Nanjing Institute of Technology(YKJ202352)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20191472)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721564)。
文摘The Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model is utilized to investigate the pion-and kaon-photon leading-twist transition distribution amplitudes using proper time regularization.Separately,the properties of the vector and axial vector pion-photon transition distribution amplitudes are examined,and the results meet the desired properties.Our study involves sum rule and polynomiality condition.The vector and axial vector pion-photon transition form factors that are present in theπ^(+)→γe^(+)νprocess are the first Mellin moments of the pion-photon transition distribution amplitudes.The vector transition form factor originates from the internal structure of hadrons,the axial current can be coupled to a pion,this pion is virtual,and its contribution will be present independently of the external hadrons.The kaon transition form factors are similar.The vector form factor's value at zero momentum transfer is determined by the axial anomaly,while this is not the case for the axial one.The vector and axial form factors,as well as the neutral pion vector form factor F_(πγγ)(t),are depicted.According to our findings,the pion axial transition form factor is harder than the vector transition form factor and harder than the electromagnetic form factor.We also discuss the link betweenπ−γandγ−πtransitions distribution amplitudes.
文摘We study the structure of nonstrange baryons by analytically calculating the electromagnetic transition helicity amplitudes of the nucleon andΔresonances.We employ an improved hypercentral constituent quark model and obtain the corresponding eigenenergies and eigenfunctions in closed forms.Then,we calculate the transverse and longitudinal helicity amplitudes for nucleon andΔresonances.The comparison of evaluated observables and experimental data indicates good agreement between the proposed model and available data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82373367).
文摘The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)proto-oncogene plays impor-tant roles during tumor development.Recently,evidence has revealed MET signaling may impact tumor immunogenicity and regulate the immune response.Here we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic and clinical analysis to explore the characteristics of MET muta-tion and its association with the outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy.In 4149 patients with 12 tumor types treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors,MET mutation indicated favorable overall survival(hazard ratio Z 0.61;95%CI,0.50e0.74;P<0.001),progression-free survival(hazard ratio Z 0.74;95%CI,0.60e0.92;P Z 0.01),and objective response rate(40.3%vs.28.1%;P Z 0.003).Moreover,we developed a nomogram to estimate the 12-month and 24-month survival probabilities after the initiation of immunotherapy.Further multi-omics anal-ysis on both intrinsic and extrinsic immune landscapes revealed that MET mutation enhanced tumor immunogenicity,enriched infiltration of immune cells,and improved immune re-sponses.In summary,MET mutation improves cancer immunity and is an independent biomarker for favorable outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy.These results may influence clinical practices,guide treatment decision-making,and develop immunotherapy for person-alized care.
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12265009,12265010)the Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology(MS[2025]219,CXTD[2025]030,ZK[2023]024)。
文摘In this study,we continue an investigation of the semileptonic decays B_(s)→D_(s)^(*)lve.First,we derive the moments of the D_(s)^(*)-meson longitudinal leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) based on QCD sum rules within the background field theory framework.Considering the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-six,its first ten non-zero ξ-moments at the initial scale μ_(0)=1.3GeV are <ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,1)>}μ_(0)=-0.302_(-0.046)^(+0.038),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,2)>}μ_(0)=+0.229_(-0.034)^(+0.039),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,3)>}μ_(0)=-0.121_(-0.019)^(+0.015),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,4)>}μ_(0)=+0.101_(-0.014)^(+0.017),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,5)>}μ_(0)=-0.066_(-0.010)^(+0.009),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,6)>}μ_(0)=+0.053_(-0.007)^(+0.009),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,7)>}μ_(0)=-0.041_(-0.007)^(+0.006),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,8)>}μ_(0)=+0.037_(-0.005)^(+0.006),<ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,9)>}μ_(0)=-0.026_(-0.004)^(+0.003),and <ξ_(2;D_(s)^(*))^(‖,10)>}μ_(0)=+0.025_(-0.004)^(+0.004).We also construct the D_(s)^(*)-meson longitudinal leading-twist LCDA by using the light-cone harmonic oscillator model.Then,using the above moments,we fix the model parameters α_(2);D_(s)^(*) and B_(1)^(2;D_(s)^(*)) using the least squares method and apply them to calculate B_(s)→D_(s)^(*) transition form factors A_(1)(q^(2)),A_(2)(q^(2)) and V(q^(2)) that are derived using the QCD light-cone sum rules.In the large recoil region,we obtain A_(1)(0)=0.632_(-0.135)^(+0.228),A_(2)(0)=0.706_(-0.092)^(+0.109),,and V(0)=0.647_(-0.069)^(+0.076).These form factors are then extrapolated to the allowed whole physical q^(2)-region through the simplified series expansion.Finally,we obtain the branching fractions for the two decay channels of B_(s)→D_(s)^(*)lve,B(B_(s)^(0)→D_(s)^(*)e^(-)v_(e))=(5.45_(-1.57)^(+2.15))×10^(-2) and B(B_(s)^(0)→D_(s)^(*)μ^(-)v_(μ))=(5.43_(-1.57)^(+2.14))×10^(-2).In addition,we present the CKM matrix element |V_(cb)| by matching the LHCb Collaboration branching fraction,yielding a value of |V_(cb)|=(40.11+_(7.49)^(+6.54))×10^(-3).
