This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are present...This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are presented from semi- structured qualitative interviews that were conducted with eleven directors and managers of local branches in the Knox County Public Library (KCPL) System that is located in the East Tennessee region in the United States. Select feedback reported by research participants is summarized in the article about strategies in LIS education that can help local public librarians and others in their efforts to become more responsive information providers to PLWHA. Research findings help better understand the issues and concerns regarding the development of digital and non-digital health information services for PLWHA in local public library institutions.展开更多
The objective of Universal Digital Library (UDL) is to capture all books in digital format. A text to speech (TTS) interface for UDL portal would enable access to the digital content in voice mode, and also provide ac...The objective of Universal Digital Library (UDL) is to capture all books in digital format. A text to speech (TTS) interface for UDL portal would enable access to the digital content in voice mode, and also provide access to the digital content for illiterate and vision-impaired people. Our work focuses on design and implementation of text to speech interface for UDL portal primarily for Indian languages. This paper is aimed at identifying the issues involved in integrating text to speech system into UDL portal and describes the development process of Hindi, Telugu and Tamil voices under Festvox framework using unit selection techniques. We demonstrate the quality of the Tamil and Telugu voices and lay out the plan for integrating the TTS into the UDL portal.展开更多
To make further investigation of the IgE antibodyrepertoire in Trichosanthin (TCS) allergic responses, amurine IgE phage surface display library was constructed(3.0×105 independent clones). We first constructed t...To make further investigation of the IgE antibodyrepertoire in Trichosanthin (TCS) allergic responses, amurine IgE phage surface display library was constructed(3.0×105 independent clones). We first constructed theVe cDNA library (4.6×105 independent clones) and VκcDNA library (3.0×105 independent clones). Then, theVε and Vκ gene segments were amplified from both libraries by PCR respectively, and assembled into Fab fragment by SOE PCR. The phage library containing Fabs wasthus constructed. The diversity of Vε from this library wasanalyzed and proved. Fab clones with high specificity toTCS have been screened out.展开更多
Virtual Home Library (VHL) is an integrated IT system that utilizes virtual reality technology and an IPTV set-top box (STB) to virtually construct a ‘library’ and the relevant reading environment on televisions in ...Virtual Home Library (VHL) is an integrated IT system that utilizes virtual reality technology and an IPTV set-top box (STB) to virtually construct a ‘library’ and the relevant reading environment on televisions in people’s home. Unlike the online e-book reading applications, Virtual Home Library can be applied on televisions – the world’s most convenient and most efficient communication tool. Providing extended digital library services, it will be a perfect group reading utility for family readers. The system has been investigated by a joint research team formed by the National Library of China and the Communication University of China, collaborating with a Chinese IPTV equipment manufacturer. This paper presents some preliminary investigations of the VHL system performed by the research team.展开更多
Fine particles associated with haze pollution threaten the health of over 400 million people in China. Owing to excellent non-destructive fingerprint recognition characteristics, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scatt...Fine particles associated with haze pollution threaten the health of over 400 million people in China. Owing to excellent non-destructive fingerprint recognition characteristics, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) are often used to analyze the composition of fine particles to determine their physical and chemical properties as well as reaction mechanisms. However, there is no comprehensive Raman spectral library of fine particles. Furthermore, various studies that used SERS for fine-particle composition analysis showed that the uniqueness of the SERS substrates and different excitation wavelengths can produce a different spectrum for the same fine-particle component. To overcome this limitation, we conducted SERS experiments with a portable Raman spectrometer using two common SERS substrates(silver(Ag) foil and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)) and a 785 nm laser. Herein, we introduced three main particle component types(sulfate-nitrate-ammonium(SNA), organic material, and soot) with a total of 39 chemical substances. We scanned the solid Raman, liquid Raman, and SERS spectra of these substances and constructed a fine-particle reference library containing 105 spectra. Spectral results indicated that for soot and SNA, the differences in characteristic peaks mainly originated from the solid-liquid phase transition;Ag foil had little effect on this difference, while the Au NPs caused a significant red shift in the peak positions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Moreover, with various characteristic peak positions in the three types of spectra, we could quickly and correctly distinguish substances. We hope that this spectral library will aid in the future identification of fine particles.展开更多
The emergence and application of new media are both opportunities and challenges for the development of libraries.In light of statistical analysis of development and use of new media platform tools such as the library...The emergence and application of new media are both opportunities and challenges for the development of libraries.In light of statistical analysis of development and use of new media platform tools such as the library portal websites of independent colleges in Jiangsu Province,WeChat,MicroBlog,and mobile libraries,etc.,the author in this paper is aimed at studying independent college libraries’self-development level and innovation of service models under the new information network environment as well as how to win favorable time and space so as to easily face the advent of cloud service era.展开更多
Statistics show that, in 2016, the National Central Library had has more than 1.27 million books, 36.46million volumes of documents, 1323 TB of digital resources, nearly 5.64 million visitors, nearly 25 million copies...Statistics show that, in 2016, the National Central Library had has more than 1.27 million books, 36.46million volumes of documents, 1323 TB of digital resources, nearly 5.64 million visitors, nearly 25 million copies of literature and held 4,400 social education activities including exhibitions, lectures, training,universal reading and art popularization, benefiting more than 1.73 million people. All these figures reveal the achievements of the National Central Library in enriching the collection resources and providing public cultural services in the past five years.展开更多
This article introduces several of the more significant service delivery innovations and their resulting accomplishments instigated by Dongguan Library(thereafter abbreviated as DGL) in recent years. The textual expos...This article introduces several of the more significant service delivery innovations and their resulting accomplishments instigated by Dongguan Library(thereafter abbreviated as DGL) in recent years. The textual exposition of this paper is based on a case study of DGL by this author about its user-centered vision, mission, immediate objectives and the exhibited service performance within a contextual environment of collegial support from its professional peers. After a five-year period of intensive efforts on such focused professional development and practice, DGL has completed its information service mapping and information delivery for the entire municipality of Dongguan on a 7-day and twentyfour-hour(7/24) basis. This singular feast of accomplishment seems to suggest the moral that any significant development of scale of a municipal library has to be in keeping pace closely with the progress of the society at large in general and with the changing information demands of its local clientele in particular.展开更多
Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zh...Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zhejiang Library in modern times,is one of them.On the basis of a brief description of modern Zhejiang Library and its book publishing,as well as the overview of Huating Bookstore,the paper introduces and analyzes the ZPL Publishing Book Catalogue sent by Huating Bookstore,and the ZPL publishing and selling consignment books issued by Huating Bookstore.It points out that Huating Bookstore is a bridge between the ZPL located in Hangzhou and various retail ZPL publishing bookstores in Shanghai.Their production and sales relationship is a mutually beneficial one.展开更多
巨噬细胞样细胞(macrophage-like cells, MLC)指起源、功能与巨噬细胞类似的免疫细胞,包括小胶质细胞、玻璃体细胞及巨噬细胞。将en face OCT显示层面设置在视网膜表明即可观测到视网膜表明的MLC(epiretinal MLC, eMLC),随后利用Image ...巨噬细胞样细胞(macrophage-like cells, MLC)指起源、功能与巨噬细胞类似的免疫细胞,包括小胶质细胞、玻璃体细胞及巨噬细胞。将en face OCT显示层面设置在视网膜表明即可观测到视网膜表明的MLC(epiretinal MLC, eMLC),随后利用Image J软件即可对细胞进行提取和量化。研究表明,eMLC在炎症情况下均可出现细胞募集及活化现象,但在不同眼底病中各具特点。在糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞等视网膜缺血缺氧性疾病中,eMLC密度越高,黄斑水肿可能越严重。此外,eMLC密度更高的视网膜静脉阻塞患者抗VEGF疗效更差,视力预后不佳,提示基于en face OCT的eMLC不仅可用于评估视网膜炎症情况,而且还能充当提示疾病疗效及预后的标志物。在葡萄膜炎等免疫炎症性疾病中,en face OCT亦可观测到eMLC密度、形态等改变。白塞病葡萄膜炎患者视网膜血管渗漏程度与eMLC密度相关性强,故eMLC密度可充当无创评估视网膜血管渗漏程度的新指标。然而,目前提取和量化eMLC的方法及标准不统一,降低了各研究间的可比性。因此,亟需制定统一的操作规范和评估标准。此外eMLC所代表的具体细胞类型及功能仍需进一步探究。未来,研究者可以利用en face OCT对眼底炎症地进行无创评估。基于en face OCT的eMLC还能作为基础研究与临床研究之间的桥梁,为揭示疾病的致病机制提供重要参考。展开更多
Abstract ： Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery Service is the major form for libraries to share resources.The librairies of universities or colleges can better guarantee the supply of document information ,accomm...Abstract ： Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery Service is the major form for libraries to share resources.The librairies of universities or colleges can better guarantee the supply of document information ,accommodating to users＇ need for documents to the greatest extent.This article elaborates on the definition of Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery as well as their significance with a key focus on the Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery practice of Oriental Vocational and Technical College in Zhejiang, meanwhile it also puts forward some suggestions on how to better practisee the service of lnterlibrary Loan and Document Delivery.展开更多
Face liveness detection is essential for securing biometric authentication systems against spoofing attacks,including printed photos,replay videos,and 3D masks.This study systematically evaluates pre-trained CNN model...Face liveness detection is essential for securing biometric authentication systems against spoofing attacks,including printed photos,replay videos,and 3D masks.This study systematically evaluates pre-trained CNN models—DenseNet201,VGG16,InceptionV3,ResNet50,VGG19,MobileNetV2,Xception,and InceptionResNetV2—leveraging transfer learning and fine-tuning to enhance liveness detection performance.The models were trained and tested on NUAA and Replay-Attack datasets,with cross-dataset generalization validated on SiW-MV2 to assess real-world adaptability.Performance was evaluated using accuracy,precision,recall,FAR,FRR,HTER,and specialized spoof detection metrics(APCER,NPCER,ACER).Fine-tuning significantly improved detection accuracy,with DenseNet201 achieving the highest performance(98.5%on NUAA,97.71%on Replay-Attack),while MobileNetV2 proved the most efficient model for real-time applications(latency:15 ms,memory usage:45 MB,energy consumption:30 mJ).A statistical significance analysis(paired t-tests,confidence intervals)validated these improvements.Cross-dataset experiments identified DenseNet201 and MobileNetV2 as the most generalizable architectures,with DenseNet201 achieving 86.4%accuracy on Replay-Attack when trained on NUAA,demonstrating robust feature extraction and adaptability.In contrast,ResNet50 showed lower generalization capabilities,struggling with dataset variability and complex spoofing attacks.These findings suggest that MobileNetV2 is well-suited for low-power applications,while DenseNet201 is ideal for high-security environments requiring superior accuracy.This research provides a framework for improving real-time face liveness detection,enhancing biometric security,and guiding future advancements in AI-driven anti-spoofing techniques.展开更多
Through investigating both users' and librarians' perceptions of the relative importance of the major criteria governing the selection of digital resources, we attempted to develop a criterion weight framework...Through investigating both users' and librarians' perceptions of the relative importance of the major criteria governing the selection of digital resources, we attempted to develop a criterion weight framework for a library's selection of digital resources, which can meet both the users' requirements and the library's goal of developing digital collections. The respective weight of each specific criterion is decided through the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) Method. The findings of this study indicate that, when assigning weights to the selection criteria, it is important to consult the opinions of a wide crosssection of people, especially the views of different users. As a result, the digital resource selection system characterized by the criteria weights can reflect more comprehensively the users' requirements, and meanwhile it enables librarians' more rational selection of digital resources.展开更多
Purpose:Centralized on the construction of a personalized knowledge environment that can better meet the need of Chinese agricultural researchers,this paper presents the practice conducted by the National Agricultural...Purpose:Centralized on the construction of a personalized knowledge environment that can better meet the need of Chinese agricultural researchers,this paper presents the practice conducted by the National Agricultural Library(NAL)of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)in the digital research environment.Based on the analysis of information needs of Chinese agricultural researchers,CAAS constructed digital research environments for its researchers at different levels,by means of providing more professional knowledge services for targeted researcher users.Design/methodology/approach:On the basis of the construction of public service platform—National Agriculture Information System of the Library of CAAS(i.e.NAL),local resources were integrated with public open resources by using key technologies,such as Web 2.0,knowledge navigation,linked data and intelligent retrieval,to construct an institutional personalized digital repository for CAAS researchers.Findings:By using the construction tool CAASPKE,knowledge environment platforms have been constructed for 10 CAAS institutes,taking roughly 33%of CAAS institutes.In addition,16 discipline information environment platforms have been set up for CAAS research teams,and 5 professional digital libraries for provincial agricultural academies,which spread in Beijing,Shanxi,Sichuan,and the Xinjiang and Tibet Autonomous Regions.Research limitations:User’s local collections ought to be integrated with IR resources of the CAAS platform constantly.Due to the lack of overall knowledge resources,functions of the platform have not been fully explored,so the effect need be evaluated with the time being.Practical implications:The construction of research knowledge environment in CAAS has not only contributed to the development of its personalized knowledge service system,but also made the functions of libraries transformed into the information service system.In this case,CAAS libraries are now playing more and more important roles in the innovation process of Chinese agricultural researchers.Originality/value:The innovative practice is the first endeavor that ever implemented in the agricultural information service area across China’s mainland.The construction tool developed for the knowledge environment of personalization could customize resources flexibly according to the need of different CAAS users,and it can organize the knowledge resources of CAAS institutes effectively.展开更多
Ferroptosis of chondrocytes is a significant contributor to osteoarthritis(OA),for which there is still a lack of safe and effective therapeutic drugs targeting ferroptosis.Here,we screen for anti-ferroptotic drugs in...Ferroptosis of chondrocytes is a significant contributor to osteoarthritis(OA),for which there is still a lack of safe and effective therapeutic drugs targeting ferroptosis.Here,we screen for anti-ferroptotic drugs in Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug library via a high-throughput manner in chondrocytes.We identified a group of FDA-approved anti-ferroptotic drugs,among which vitamin K showed the most powerful protective effect.Further study demonstrated that vitamin K effectively inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated the extracellular matrix(ECM)degradation in chondrocytes.Intra-articular injection of vitamin K inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated OA phenotype in destabilization of the medial meniscus(DMM)mouse model.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing and knockdown experiments revealed that the anti-ferroptotic effects of vitamin K depended on growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6).Furthermore,exogenous expression of Gas6 was found to inhibit ferroptosis through the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase(AXL)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase(AKT)axis.Together,we demonstrate that vitamin K inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates OA progression via enhancing Gas6 expression and its downstream pathway of AXL/PI3K/AKT axis,indicating vitamin K as well as Gas6 to serve as a potential therapeutic target for OA and other ferroptosis-related diseases.展开更多
文摘This article identifies the role of library and information science (LIS) education in the development of community health information services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Preliminary findings are presented from semi- structured qualitative interviews that were conducted with eleven directors and managers of local branches in the Knox County Public Library (KCPL) System that is located in the East Tennessee region in the United States. Select feedback reported by research participants is summarized in the article about strategies in LIS education that can help local public librarians and others in their efforts to become more responsive information providers to PLWHA. Research findings help better understand the issues and concerns regarding the development of digital and non-digital health information services for PLWHA in local public library institutions.
文摘The objective of Universal Digital Library (UDL) is to capture all books in digital format. A text to speech (TTS) interface for UDL portal would enable access to the digital content in voice mode, and also provide access to the digital content for illiterate and vision-impaired people. Our work focuses on design and implementation of text to speech interface for UDL portal primarily for Indian languages. This paper is aimed at identifying the issues involved in integrating text to speech system into UDL portal and describes the development process of Hindi, Telugu and Tamil voices under Festvox framework using unit selection techniques. We demonstrate the quality of the Tamil and Telugu voices and lay out the plan for integrating the TTS into the UDL portal.
文摘To make further investigation of the IgE antibodyrepertoire in Trichosanthin (TCS) allergic responses, amurine IgE phage surface display library was constructed(3.0×105 independent clones). We first constructed theVe cDNA library (4.6×105 independent clones) and VκcDNA library (3.0×105 independent clones). Then, theVε and Vκ gene segments were amplified from both libraries by PCR respectively, and assembled into Fab fragment by SOE PCR. The phage library containing Fabs wasthus constructed. The diversity of Vε from this library wasanalyzed and proved. Fab clones with high specificity toTCS have been screened out.
文摘Virtual Home Library (VHL) is an integrated IT system that utilizes virtual reality technology and an IPTV set-top box (STB) to virtually construct a ‘library’ and the relevant reading environment on televisions in people’s home. Unlike the online e-book reading applications, Virtual Home Library can be applied on televisions – the world’s most convenient and most efficient communication tool. Providing extended digital library services, it will be a perfect group reading utility for family readers. The system has been investigated by a joint research team formed by the National Library of China and the Communication University of China, collaborating with a Chinese IPTV equipment manufacturer. This paper presents some preliminary investigations of the VHL system performed by the research team.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21707077, 21775042, and 21475134)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFA0207003)+1 种基金the Special Fund of Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control (No. BZ0344KF2006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2020MS037)。
文摘Fine particles associated with haze pollution threaten the health of over 400 million people in China. Owing to excellent non-destructive fingerprint recognition characteristics, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) are often used to analyze the composition of fine particles to determine their physical and chemical properties as well as reaction mechanisms. However, there is no comprehensive Raman spectral library of fine particles. Furthermore, various studies that used SERS for fine-particle composition analysis showed that the uniqueness of the SERS substrates and different excitation wavelengths can produce a different spectrum for the same fine-particle component. To overcome this limitation, we conducted SERS experiments with a portable Raman spectrometer using two common SERS substrates(silver(Ag) foil and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)) and a 785 nm laser. Herein, we introduced three main particle component types(sulfate-nitrate-ammonium(SNA), organic material, and soot) with a total of 39 chemical substances. We scanned the solid Raman, liquid Raman, and SERS spectra of these substances and constructed a fine-particle reference library containing 105 spectra. Spectral results indicated that for soot and SNA, the differences in characteristic peaks mainly originated from the solid-liquid phase transition;Ag foil had little effect on this difference, while the Au NPs caused a significant red shift in the peak positions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Moreover, with various characteristic peak positions in the three types of spectra, we could quickly and correctly distinguish substances. We hope that this spectral library will aid in the future identification of fine particles.
文摘The emergence and application of new media are both opportunities and challenges for the development of libraries.In light of statistical analysis of development and use of new media platform tools such as the library portal websites of independent colleges in Jiangsu Province,WeChat,MicroBlog,and mobile libraries,etc.,the author in this paper is aimed at studying independent college libraries’self-development level and innovation of service models under the new information network environment as well as how to win favorable time and space so as to easily face the advent of cloud service era.
文摘Statistics show that, in 2016, the National Central Library had has more than 1.27 million books, 36.46million volumes of documents, 1323 TB of digital resources, nearly 5.64 million visitors, nearly 25 million copies of literature and held 4,400 social education activities including exhibitions, lectures, training,universal reading and art popularization, benefiting more than 1.73 million people. All these figures reveal the achievements of the National Central Library in enriching the collection resources and providing public cultural services in the past five years.
文摘This article introduces several of the more significant service delivery innovations and their resulting accomplishments instigated by Dongguan Library(thereafter abbreviated as DGL) in recent years. The textual exposition of this paper is based on a case study of DGL by this author about its user-centered vision, mission, immediate objectives and the exhibited service performance within a contextual environment of collegial support from its professional peers. After a five-year period of intensive efforts on such focused professional development and practice, DGL has completed its information service mapping and information delivery for the entire municipality of Dongguan on a 7-day and twentyfour-hour(7/24) basis. This singular feast of accomplishment seems to suggest the moral that any significant development of scale of a municipal library has to be in keeping pace closely with the progress of the society at large in general and with the changing information demands of its local clientele in particular.
基金the research results of Humanities and Social Science Planning Fund Project of the Ministry of Education of P.R.China,titled“Research on the Books Publishing of Modern Chinese Library from the Perspective of Generalized Technology”(Project number:19YJA870014).
文摘Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zhejiang Library in modern times,is one of them.On the basis of a brief description of modern Zhejiang Library and its book publishing,as well as the overview of Huating Bookstore,the paper introduces and analyzes the ZPL Publishing Book Catalogue sent by Huating Bookstore,and the ZPL publishing and selling consignment books issued by Huating Bookstore.It points out that Huating Bookstore is a bridge between the ZPL located in Hangzhou and various retail ZPL publishing bookstores in Shanghai.Their production and sales relationship is a mutually beneficial one.
文摘巨噬细胞样细胞(macrophage-like cells, MLC)指起源、功能与巨噬细胞类似的免疫细胞,包括小胶质细胞、玻璃体细胞及巨噬细胞。将en face OCT显示层面设置在视网膜表明即可观测到视网膜表明的MLC(epiretinal MLC, eMLC),随后利用Image J软件即可对细胞进行提取和量化。研究表明,eMLC在炎症情况下均可出现细胞募集及活化现象,但在不同眼底病中各具特点。在糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞等视网膜缺血缺氧性疾病中,eMLC密度越高,黄斑水肿可能越严重。此外,eMLC密度更高的视网膜静脉阻塞患者抗VEGF疗效更差,视力预后不佳,提示基于en face OCT的eMLC不仅可用于评估视网膜炎症情况,而且还能充当提示疾病疗效及预后的标志物。在葡萄膜炎等免疫炎症性疾病中,en face OCT亦可观测到eMLC密度、形态等改变。白塞病葡萄膜炎患者视网膜血管渗漏程度与eMLC密度相关性强,故eMLC密度可充当无创评估视网膜血管渗漏程度的新指标。然而,目前提取和量化eMLC的方法及标准不统一,降低了各研究间的可比性。因此,亟需制定统一的操作规范和评估标准。此外eMLC所代表的具体细胞类型及功能仍需进一步探究。未来,研究者可以利用en face OCT对眼底炎症地进行无创评估。基于en face OCT的eMLC还能作为基础研究与临床研究之间的桥梁,为揭示疾病的致病机制提供重要参考。
文摘Abstract ： Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery Service is the major form for libraries to share resources.The librairies of universities or colleges can better guarantee the supply of document information ,accommodating to users＇ need for documents to the greatest extent.This article elaborates on the definition of Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery as well as their significance with a key focus on the Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery practice of Oriental Vocational and Technical College in Zhejiang, meanwhile it also puts forward some suggestions on how to better practisee the service of lnterlibrary Loan and Document Delivery.
基金funded by Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems(CAMGIS),Faculty of Engineering and IT,University of Technology Sydney.Moreover,Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORF-2025-14)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia,under Project ORF-2025-。
文摘Face liveness detection is essential for securing biometric authentication systems against spoofing attacks,including printed photos,replay videos,and 3D masks.This study systematically evaluates pre-trained CNN models—DenseNet201,VGG16,InceptionV3,ResNet50,VGG19,MobileNetV2,Xception,and InceptionResNetV2—leveraging transfer learning and fine-tuning to enhance liveness detection performance.The models were trained and tested on NUAA and Replay-Attack datasets,with cross-dataset generalization validated on SiW-MV2 to assess real-world adaptability.Performance was evaluated using accuracy,precision,recall,FAR,FRR,HTER,and specialized spoof detection metrics(APCER,NPCER,ACER).Fine-tuning significantly improved detection accuracy,with DenseNet201 achieving the highest performance(98.5%on NUAA,97.71%on Replay-Attack),while MobileNetV2 proved the most efficient model for real-time applications(latency:15 ms,memory usage:45 MB,energy consumption:30 mJ).A statistical significance analysis(paired t-tests,confidence intervals)validated these improvements.Cross-dataset experiments identified DenseNet201 and MobileNetV2 as the most generalizable architectures,with DenseNet201 achieving 86.4%accuracy on Replay-Attack when trained on NUAA,demonstrating robust feature extraction and adaptability.In contrast,ResNet50 showed lower generalization capabilities,struggling with dataset variability and complex spoofing attacks.These findings suggest that MobileNetV2 is well-suited for low-power applications,while DenseNet201 is ideal for high-security environments requiring superior accuracy.This research provides a framework for improving real-time face liveness detection,enhancing biometric security,and guiding future advancements in AI-driven anti-spoofing techniques.
基金the Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences of the Chinese Ministry of Education(Grant No.:10CTQ011)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.:20100470971)
文摘Through investigating both users' and librarians' perceptions of the relative importance of the major criteria governing the selection of digital resources, we attempted to develop a criterion weight framework for a library's selection of digital resources, which can meet both the users' requirements and the library's goal of developing digital collections. The respective weight of each specific criterion is decided through the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) Method. The findings of this study indicate that, when assigning weights to the selection criteria, it is important to consult the opinions of a wide crosssection of people, especially the views of different users. As a result, the digital resource selection system characterized by the criteria weights can reflect more comprehensively the users' requirements, and meanwhile it enables librarians' more rational selection of digital resources.
基金supported by the National Science & Technology Pillar Program During the Twelfth Five-year Period Plan of China(Grant No.2011BAH10B06)
文摘Purpose:Centralized on the construction of a personalized knowledge environment that can better meet the need of Chinese agricultural researchers,this paper presents the practice conducted by the National Agricultural Library(NAL)of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)in the digital research environment.Based on the analysis of information needs of Chinese agricultural researchers,CAAS constructed digital research environments for its researchers at different levels,by means of providing more professional knowledge services for targeted researcher users.Design/methodology/approach:On the basis of the construction of public service platform—National Agriculture Information System of the Library of CAAS(i.e.NAL),local resources were integrated with public open resources by using key technologies,such as Web 2.0,knowledge navigation,linked data and intelligent retrieval,to construct an institutional personalized digital repository for CAAS researchers.Findings:By using the construction tool CAASPKE,knowledge environment platforms have been constructed for 10 CAAS institutes,taking roughly 33%of CAAS institutes.In addition,16 discipline information environment platforms have been set up for CAAS research teams,and 5 professional digital libraries for provincial agricultural academies,which spread in Beijing,Shanxi,Sichuan,and the Xinjiang and Tibet Autonomous Regions.Research limitations:User’s local collections ought to be integrated with IR resources of the CAAS platform constantly.Due to the lack of overall knowledge resources,functions of the platform have not been fully explored,so the effect need be evaluated with the time being.Practical implications:The construction of research knowledge environment in CAAS has not only contributed to the development of its personalized knowledge service system,but also made the functions of libraries transformed into the information service system.In this case,CAAS libraries are now playing more and more important roles in the innovation process of Chinese agricultural researchers.Originality/value:The innovative practice is the first endeavor that ever implemented in the agricultural information service area across China’s mainland.The construction tool developed for the knowledge environment of personalization could customize resources flexibly according to the need of different CAAS users,and it can organize the knowledge resources of CAAS institutes effectively.
基金supported by grants from the Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau Foundation,China(Grant No.:ZY2019014)“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang,China(Grant No.:2022C03144)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82172494,and 82372461).
文摘Ferroptosis of chondrocytes is a significant contributor to osteoarthritis(OA),for which there is still a lack of safe and effective therapeutic drugs targeting ferroptosis.Here,we screen for anti-ferroptotic drugs in Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug library via a high-throughput manner in chondrocytes.We identified a group of FDA-approved anti-ferroptotic drugs,among which vitamin K showed the most powerful protective effect.Further study demonstrated that vitamin K effectively inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated the extracellular matrix(ECM)degradation in chondrocytes.Intra-articular injection of vitamin K inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated OA phenotype in destabilization of the medial meniscus(DMM)mouse model.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing and knockdown experiments revealed that the anti-ferroptotic effects of vitamin K depended on growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6).Furthermore,exogenous expression of Gas6 was found to inhibit ferroptosis through the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase(AXL)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase(AKT)axis.Together,we demonstrate that vitamin K inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates OA progression via enhancing Gas6 expression and its downstream pathway of AXL/PI3K/AKT axis,indicating vitamin K as well as Gas6 to serve as a potential therapeutic target for OA and other ferroptosis-related diseases.
