The quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder was established to determine whether the detection process and results are in control state.The content of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder con...The quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder was established to determine whether the detection process and results are in control state.The content of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder control samples was determined by ion chromatography,and the quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides was established to analyze the controlled state.The results indicate that the median of the quality control chart is 1613.14 mg/100 g,and the standard deviation is 85.57 mg/100 g.The new quality control points were evaluated and analyzed,and the precision changed,but the mean value did not change.Further F test was conducted to determine that the precision did not change significantly,indicating that the test was in a statistical control state,and the detection process,method and results were controlled.展开更多
AIM To determine whether fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS) affects visceral sensitivity, inflammation, and production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) in an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) mouse model.METHODS Mice ...AIM To determine whether fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS) affects visceral sensitivity, inflammation, and production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) in an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) mouse model.METHODS Mice were randomly assigned to daily oral gavage of saline solution with or without FOS(8 g/kg body weight) for 14 d. Mice were further assigned to receive either daily one-hour water avoidance stress(WAS) or sham-WAS for the first 10 d. After 2 wk, visceral sensitivity was measured by abdominal withdrawal reflex in response to colorectal distension and mucosal inflammation was evaluated. Gas chromatography, real-time reverse transcription PCR, and immunohistochemistry assays were used to quantify cecal concentrations of SCFA, intestinal cytokine expression, and number of intestinal mast cells per high-power field(HPF), respectively.RESULTS Mice subjected to WAS exhibited visceral hypersensitivity and low-grade inflammation. Among mice subjected to WAS, FOS increased visceral hypersensitivity and led to higher cecal concentrations of acetic acid(2.49 ± 0.63 mmol/L vs 1.49 ± 0.72 mmol/L, P < 0.05), propionic acid(0.48 ± 0.09 mmol/L vs 0.36 ± 0.05 mmol/L, P < 0.01), butyric acid(0.28 ± 0.09 mmol/L vs 0.19 ± 0.003 mmol/L, P < 0.05), as well as total SCFA(3.62 ± 0.87 mmol/L vs 2.27 ± 0.75 mmol/L, P < 0.01) compared to saline administration. FOS also increased ileal interleukin(IL)-23 mR NA(4.71 ± 4.16 vs 1.00 ± 0.99, P < 0.05) and colonic IL-1β mR NA(2.15 ± 1.68 vs 0.88 ± 0.53, P < 0.05) expressions as well as increased mean mast cell counts in the ileum(12.3 ± 2.6 per HPF vs 8.3 ± 3.6 per HPF, P < 0.05) and colon(6.3 ± 3.2 per HPF vs 3.4 ± 1.2 per HPF, P < 0.05) compared to saline administration in mice subjected to WAS. No difference in visceral sensitivity, intestinal inflammation, or cecal SCFA levels was detected with or without FOS administration in mice subjected to sham-WAS.CONCLUSION FOS administration intensifies visceral hypersensitivity and gut inflammation in stress-induced IBS mice, but not in the control mice, and is also associated with increased intestinal SCFA production.展开更多
To develop an HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of nine inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides in inulin,the HPLC-ELSD system consisted of Waters XBridge■ Amide column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)with a gradient elutio...To develop an HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of nine inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides in inulin,the HPLC-ELSD system consisted of Waters XBridge■ Amide column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)with a gradient elution mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min at 30°C.The detector was an Agilent Technologies 380-ELSD.The drift tube temperature for the ELSD was set at 55°C with a nitrogen flow rate of 1.8 L/min.The injection volume was 15μL.The results showed that the detection range for the nine inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides was 3.81–30.60μg R^(2)=0.99969 for kestose,3.73–29.97μg R^(2)=0.99981 for nystose,3.82–30.69μg R^(2)=0.99993 for fructosylnystose,3.80–30.48μg R^(2)=0.99995 for GF5,3.73–29.96μg R^(2)=0.99993 for GF6,3.78–30.30μg R^(2)=0.99983 for GF7,3.82–30μg R^(2)=0.99989 for GF8,3.71–29.80μg R^(2)=0.99974 for GF9,3.61–29.00μg R^(2)=0.99970 for GF10,respectively.The recovery of the nine oligosaccharides ranged between 96.48%–100.84%(n=6).The method was simple,accurate,and reproducible that it could be used as an analytical method for evaluating the quality of inulin effectively.展开更多
In the present study,the effects of cooked rice(CR)with added fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS)on faecal flora were studied by a simulated in vitro digestion and fermentation method.The total carbohydrate content,p H,and s ...In the present study,the effects of cooked rice(CR)with added fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS)on faecal flora were studied by a simulated in vitro digestion and fermentation method.The total carbohydrate content,p H,and s hort-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were determined during in vitro digestion and fermentation.The change in the bacterial phase distribution after the fermentation was also analysed.The results showed that t he total carbohydrate content of the CR with added FOS(FCR)significantly decreased during the simulated digestion.Meanwhile,the p H of the FCR decreased and the SCFAs concentration increased significantly compared to those of the CR during the simulated fermentation.In addition,the FCR showed the advantage of promoting beneficial bacteria,such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus,and inhibiting harmful bacteria,such as Bacteroides and Klebsiella compared to the CR.Therefore,the FOS as a prebiotic could be recommended to produce the high-quality healthy rice food.展开更多
Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)are well-known prebiotics that have the potential to improve sow reproductive performance and increase piglet growth.However,previous studies were observed in sole FOS-supplemented diets of...Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)are well-known prebiotics that have the potential to improve sow reproductive performance and increase piglet growth.However,previous studies were observed in sole FOS-supplemented diets of sows or weaned piglets and did not consider the sow-to-piglet transfer effect on the performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets.This study explores the effects of dietary FOS supplementation on the reproductive performance of sows,and the effects of FOS supplementation at different stages on the growth performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets.A split-plot experi-mental design was used with sow diet effect in the whole plot and differing piglet diet effect in the subplot.Fifty-two multiparous sows(223.24±14.77 kg)were randomly divided into 2 groups(0 or 0.2%FOS).The experiment lasted from day 85 of gestation to day 21 of lactation.Reproductive performance,glucose tolerance,placental angiogenesis,and intestinal flora of sows were assessed.At weaning,192 weaned piglets were grouped in 2 × 2 factorial designs,with the main effects of FOS supplemental level of sow diet(0 and 0.2%),and FOS supplemental level of weaned piglet diet(0 and 0.2%),respectively.The growth performance and diarrhea rate of the weaned piglets were analyzed during a 28-d experiment.Maternal dietary supplementation of FOS was shown to reduce the stillbirth and invalid piglet rates(P<0.05),improve the insulin sensitivity(P<0.05)and fecal scores(P<0.05)of sows,increase the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila(P=0.016),decrease the abundance of Escherichia coli(P=0.035),and increase the isovalerate content in feces(P=0.086).Meanwhile,the placental angiogenesis marker CD31 expression was increased in sows fed FOS diet(P<0.05).Moreover,maternal and post-weaning dietary FOS supplementation reduced the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets(P<0.05)and increased the content of short-chain fatty acids in feces(P<0.05).Furthermore,only post-weaning dietary FOS sup-plementation could improve nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets(P<0.05).Collectively,FOS sup-plementation in sows can reduce stillbirth rate,perinatal constipation,and insulin resistance,as well as improve placental vascularization barrier.Additionally,maternal and post-weaning dietary FOS sup-plementation reduced the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets,but only FOS supplementation in piglets alone at weaning stage could improve their nutrient digestibility.展开更多
Polygonatum sibiricum,famous for its physiological activities,is a popular Chinese food and a traditional Chinese herb containing many carbohydrates as the main component.However,except for most reported polysaccharid...Polygonatum sibiricum,famous for its physiological activities,is a popular Chinese food and a traditional Chinese herb containing many carbohydrates as the main component.However,except for most reported polysaccharides,other detailed compositions of carbohydrates are still not clear.To verify the controversial existence of starch and investigate other components,especially oligosaccharides,we used iodine–potassium iodide colorimetric detection and enzymatic hydrolysis to determine starch.Then,oligosaccharides were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography,gel permeation chromatography,high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection,and hydrophilic interaction chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.The results showed that the rhizome of P.sibiricum lacked starch,and fructooligosaccharides were the main component,accounting for approximately 28.95%.Oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization above 10 were the most abundant components.This study clearly illustrated the unknown carbohydrate components of the Polygonatum rhizome,promoting its functional value with new evidence.展开更多
Plant-based milk is considered a healthy and environmentally sustainable option.In order to solve the physical and chemical instability problem of most plant milk and increase the chance of consumer acceptance of the ...Plant-based milk is considered a healthy and environmentally sustainable option.In order to solve the physical and chemical instability problem of most plant milk and increase the chance of consumer acceptance of the flavor,this experiment used soybean as raw material,fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)as prebiotics,and added kombucha for fermentation.The microbial composition,functional components,antioxidant capacity,physicochemical properties and flavor relationship of fermented soy milk at different fermentation times(up to 96 h)were studied by high-throughput sequencing,laser confocal scanning imaging,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.According to the results,the synbiotic interaction of FOS and kombucha consortium promoted the growth of yeast and lactic acid bacteria in soy milk.The ideal fermentation time was 84 h.At this time,fermented soy milk added with FOS displayed increasedβ-glucosidase activity(by 68.10 mU/mL),isoflavones mainly represented by genistein content(by 612.41%),and DPPH radical scavenging activity(by 25.02%).Furthermore,the addition of FOS intensified the sour taste of the 84 h-fermented soy milk.The content of hexanal was reduced,while favorable flavor substances,such as citric acid and linalool,were also produced.Soymilk fermented with kombucha and FOS provides an opportunity to explore the physical and chemical characteristics and the mechanism of flavor formation in multi-strain co-fermentation systems and to develop commercial plant-based fermentation products.展开更多
Fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS)and pectin are known soluble dietary fibers and can influence gut microbiota and consequently modulate gut health.To understand the differential impact patterns of pectin vs.FOS in modulatin...Fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS)and pectin are known soluble dietary fibers and can influence gut microbiota and consequently modulate gut health.To understand the differential impact patterns of pectin vs.FOS in modulating gut microbiota in the small and large intestine,an ileal-cannulated pig model was adopted to compare the temporal and spatial effects of FOS and citrus pectin(CP)on the gut microbiota.Sixteen terminal ileal-cannulated pigs were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed with a standard diet supplemented with either 3% FOS or 3% CP for 28 d.The CP group and FOS group showed different microbial composition,especially in the feces,with time and location as major factors affecting microbiota in the CP group,and with only location contribution in the FOS group.In the feces,relative to the FOS group,the CP group showed higher abundance of Christensenellaceae R-7 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 and lower abundance of Mitsuokella and Olsenella(adjusted P<0.05),a higher level of shortchain fatty acids and a lower level of lactate at both d 14 and 25(P<0.05),and more copy numbers of genes encoding key enzymes related to propionate(mmd A)and butyrate(BCo AT)production and lactate utilization(Lcd A)(P<0.05),indicating a greater degree of microbial carbohydrate fermentation.In the ileum,as compared with FOS,CP increased the bacteria with high capability of fermenting amino acids,including Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella(adjusted P<0.05),and the expression of enzymes responsible for amino acid fermentation(i.e.lysine decarboxylase),as well as the amino acid fermentation products(cadaverine and tyramine)(P<0.05),indicating a greater degree of amino acid fermentation.Overall,our results highlight a differential dynamic impact of dietary CP vs.FOS on microbial composition and metabolism in the gut.The dietary CP has a stronger ability to promote microbial amino acid fermentation in the ileum and carbohydrate fermentation in the feces than FOS.These findings provide a new insight into the role of different fibers in gut nutrition and guidelines for the choice of fibers in manipulating gut health.展开更多
Prebiotics,indigestible oligosaccharides found primarily in plant bi-product,aided probiotic development.Banana peels were used as cereal by-products in this study.The possibility of using them as an antistress prebio...Prebiotics,indigestible oligosaccharides found primarily in plant bi-product,aided probiotic development.Banana peels were used as cereal by-products in this study.The possibility of using them as an antistress prebiotics efficacy was examined through in-vitro and in-vivo analysis.Fructo-oligosaccharides(1-kestose(GF2))in Bannan peel oligosaccharide enzymatic extract(BPOE)were purified,further prebiotic effectiveness was analyzed and the anti-stress effect was compared in mice.In addition,Caenorhabditis elegans and fibroblasts cell line on prebiotic efficacy and cytotoxicity was determined.As a result of enzymatic treatment,kestose(GF2)was quantified using HPLC-RID,HSCC Chromatography at 24.9 mg/g,and COZY confirmed the structural.Further,the oligosaccharide enriched cookies enhanced the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus.Additionally,the in-vivo result indicates that the kestose fed mice reduced the stress and significantly decreased corticosterone levels,mainly due to changes in microbiota,such as an increase in the abundance of Oscilospira,Mucisprillum,and Parabactoroides species likewise decrease in Clostridium,coprobacillus,and Sporosarona species,correspondingly the behaviour change was confirmed for anxiolytic effect.This framework has the potential to advance the treatment of clinical anxiety.展开更多
基金Supported by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region's Key Research and Achievement Transformation plan (2023YFHH0093).
文摘The quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder was established to determine whether the detection process and results are in control state.The content of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder control samples was determined by ion chromatography,and the quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides was established to analyze the controlled state.The results indicate that the median of the quality control chart is 1613.14 mg/100 g,and the standard deviation is 85.57 mg/100 g.The new quality control points were evaluated and analyzed,and the precision changed,but the mean value did not change.Further F test was conducted to determine that the precision did not change significantly,indicating that the test was in a statistical control state,and the detection process,method and results were controlled.
文摘AIM To determine whether fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS) affects visceral sensitivity, inflammation, and production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) in an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) mouse model.METHODS Mice were randomly assigned to daily oral gavage of saline solution with or without FOS(8 g/kg body weight) for 14 d. Mice were further assigned to receive either daily one-hour water avoidance stress(WAS) or sham-WAS for the first 10 d. After 2 wk, visceral sensitivity was measured by abdominal withdrawal reflex in response to colorectal distension and mucosal inflammation was evaluated. Gas chromatography, real-time reverse transcription PCR, and immunohistochemistry assays were used to quantify cecal concentrations of SCFA, intestinal cytokine expression, and number of intestinal mast cells per high-power field(HPF), respectively.RESULTS Mice subjected to WAS exhibited visceral hypersensitivity and low-grade inflammation. Among mice subjected to WAS, FOS increased visceral hypersensitivity and led to higher cecal concentrations of acetic acid(2.49 ± 0.63 mmol/L vs 1.49 ± 0.72 mmol/L, P < 0.05), propionic acid(0.48 ± 0.09 mmol/L vs 0.36 ± 0.05 mmol/L, P < 0.01), butyric acid(0.28 ± 0.09 mmol/L vs 0.19 ± 0.003 mmol/L, P < 0.05), as well as total SCFA(3.62 ± 0.87 mmol/L vs 2.27 ± 0.75 mmol/L, P < 0.01) compared to saline administration. FOS also increased ileal interleukin(IL)-23 mR NA(4.71 ± 4.16 vs 1.00 ± 0.99, P < 0.05) and colonic IL-1β mR NA(2.15 ± 1.68 vs 0.88 ± 0.53, P < 0.05) expressions as well as increased mean mast cell counts in the ileum(12.3 ± 2.6 per HPF vs 8.3 ± 3.6 per HPF, P < 0.05) and colon(6.3 ± 3.2 per HPF vs 3.4 ± 1.2 per HPF, P < 0.05) compared to saline administration in mice subjected to WAS. No difference in visceral sensitivity, intestinal inflammation, or cecal SCFA levels was detected with or without FOS administration in mice subjected to sham-WAS.CONCLUSION FOS administration intensifies visceral hypersensitivity and gut inflammation in stress-induced IBS mice, but not in the control mice, and is also associated with increased intestinal SCFA production.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21977005)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.7192101)。
文摘To develop an HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of nine inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides in inulin,the HPLC-ELSD system consisted of Waters XBridge■ Amide column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)with a gradient elution mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min at 30°C.The detector was an Agilent Technologies 380-ELSD.The drift tube temperature for the ELSD was set at 55°C with a nitrogen flow rate of 1.8 L/min.The injection volume was 15μL.The results showed that the detection range for the nine inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides was 3.81–30.60μg R^(2)=0.99969 for kestose,3.73–29.97μg R^(2)=0.99981 for nystose,3.82–30.69μg R^(2)=0.99993 for fructosylnystose,3.80–30.48μg R^(2)=0.99995 for GF5,3.73–29.96μg R^(2)=0.99993 for GF6,3.78–30.30μg R^(2)=0.99983 for GF7,3.82–30μg R^(2)=0.99989 for GF8,3.71–29.80μg R^(2)=0.99974 for GF9,3.61–29.00μg R^(2)=0.99970 for GF10,respectively.The recovery of the nine oligosaccharides ranged between 96.48%–100.84%(n=6).The method was simple,accurate,and reproducible that it could be used as an analytical method for evaluating the quality of inulin effectively.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0400500)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2018323)Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘In the present study,the effects of cooked rice(CR)with added fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS)on faecal flora were studied by a simulated in vitro digestion and fermentation method.The total carbohydrate content,p H,and s hort-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were determined during in vitro digestion and fermentation.The change in the bacterial phase distribution after the fermentation was also analysed.The results showed that t he total carbohydrate content of the CR with added FOS(FCR)significantly decreased during the simulated digestion.Meanwhile,the p H of the FCR decreased and the SCFAs concentration increased significantly compared to those of the CR during the simulated fermentation.In addition,the FCR showed the advantage of promoting beneficial bacteria,such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus,and inhibiting harmful bacteria,such as Bacteroides and Klebsiella compared to the CR.Therefore,the FOS as a prebiotic could be recommended to produce the high-quality healthy rice food.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation China(32172744 or 32272895).
文摘Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)are well-known prebiotics that have the potential to improve sow reproductive performance and increase piglet growth.However,previous studies were observed in sole FOS-supplemented diets of sows or weaned piglets and did not consider the sow-to-piglet transfer effect on the performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets.This study explores the effects of dietary FOS supplementation on the reproductive performance of sows,and the effects of FOS supplementation at different stages on the growth performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets.A split-plot experi-mental design was used with sow diet effect in the whole plot and differing piglet diet effect in the subplot.Fifty-two multiparous sows(223.24±14.77 kg)were randomly divided into 2 groups(0 or 0.2%FOS).The experiment lasted from day 85 of gestation to day 21 of lactation.Reproductive performance,glucose tolerance,placental angiogenesis,and intestinal flora of sows were assessed.At weaning,192 weaned piglets were grouped in 2 × 2 factorial designs,with the main effects of FOS supplemental level of sow diet(0 and 0.2%),and FOS supplemental level of weaned piglet diet(0 and 0.2%),respectively.The growth performance and diarrhea rate of the weaned piglets were analyzed during a 28-d experiment.Maternal dietary supplementation of FOS was shown to reduce the stillbirth and invalid piglet rates(P<0.05),improve the insulin sensitivity(P<0.05)and fecal scores(P<0.05)of sows,increase the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila(P=0.016),decrease the abundance of Escherichia coli(P=0.035),and increase the isovalerate content in feces(P=0.086).Meanwhile,the placental angiogenesis marker CD31 expression was increased in sows fed FOS diet(P<0.05).Moreover,maternal and post-weaning dietary FOS supplementation reduced the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets(P<0.05)and increased the content of short-chain fatty acids in feces(P<0.05).Furthermore,only post-weaning dietary FOS sup-plementation could improve nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets(P<0.05).Collectively,FOS sup-plementation in sows can reduce stillbirth rate,perinatal constipation,and insulin resistance,as well as improve placental vascularization barrier.Additionally,maternal and post-weaning dietary FOS sup-plementation reduced the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets,but only FOS supplementation in piglets alone at weaning stage could improve their nutrient digestibility.
基金This work was financially supported by the grants from Ningbo Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology(2022Z174)The Major Agricultural Technology Collaborative Promotion Plan of Zhejiang Province(2022XTTGZYC03)The Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2021C02001),China.
文摘Polygonatum sibiricum,famous for its physiological activities,is a popular Chinese food and a traditional Chinese herb containing many carbohydrates as the main component.However,except for most reported polysaccharides,other detailed compositions of carbohydrates are still not clear.To verify the controversial existence of starch and investigate other components,especially oligosaccharides,we used iodine–potassium iodide colorimetric detection and enzymatic hydrolysis to determine starch.Then,oligosaccharides were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography,gel permeation chromatography,high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection,and hydrophilic interaction chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.The results showed that the rhizome of P.sibiricum lacked starch,and fructooligosaccharides were the main component,accounting for approximately 28.95%.Oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization above 10 were the most abundant components.This study clearly illustrated the unknown carbohydrate components of the Polygonatum rhizome,promoting its functional value with new evidence.
基金funded by the Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Special Science Foundation[2022T150199]the Heilongjiang Province“Tens of Millions”Project Science and Technology Major Special Projects[2019ZX08B01].
文摘Plant-based milk is considered a healthy and environmentally sustainable option.In order to solve the physical and chemical instability problem of most plant milk and increase the chance of consumer acceptance of the flavor,this experiment used soybean as raw material,fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)as prebiotics,and added kombucha for fermentation.The microbial composition,functional components,antioxidant capacity,physicochemical properties and flavor relationship of fermented soy milk at different fermentation times(up to 96 h)were studied by high-throughput sequencing,laser confocal scanning imaging,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.According to the results,the synbiotic interaction of FOS and kombucha consortium promoted the growth of yeast and lactic acid bacteria in soy milk.The ideal fermentation time was 84 h.At this time,fermented soy milk added with FOS displayed increasedβ-glucosidase activity(by 68.10 mU/mL),isoflavones mainly represented by genistein content(by 612.41%),and DPPH radical scavenging activity(by 25.02%).Furthermore,the addition of FOS intensified the sour taste of the 84 h-fermented soy milk.The content of hexanal was reduced,while favorable flavor substances,such as citric acid and linalool,were also produced.Soymilk fermented with kombucha and FOS provides an opportunity to explore the physical and chemical characteristics and the mechanism of flavor formation in multi-strain co-fermentation systems and to develop commercial plant-based fermentation products.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32030104 and 31430082)。
文摘Fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS)and pectin are known soluble dietary fibers and can influence gut microbiota and consequently modulate gut health.To understand the differential impact patterns of pectin vs.FOS in modulating gut microbiota in the small and large intestine,an ileal-cannulated pig model was adopted to compare the temporal and spatial effects of FOS and citrus pectin(CP)on the gut microbiota.Sixteen terminal ileal-cannulated pigs were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed with a standard diet supplemented with either 3% FOS or 3% CP for 28 d.The CP group and FOS group showed different microbial composition,especially in the feces,with time and location as major factors affecting microbiota in the CP group,and with only location contribution in the FOS group.In the feces,relative to the FOS group,the CP group showed higher abundance of Christensenellaceae R-7 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 and lower abundance of Mitsuokella and Olsenella(adjusted P<0.05),a higher level of shortchain fatty acids and a lower level of lactate at both d 14 and 25(P<0.05),and more copy numbers of genes encoding key enzymes related to propionate(mmd A)and butyrate(BCo AT)production and lactate utilization(Lcd A)(P<0.05),indicating a greater degree of microbial carbohydrate fermentation.In the ileum,as compared with FOS,CP increased the bacteria with high capability of fermenting amino acids,including Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella(adjusted P<0.05),and the expression of enzymes responsible for amino acid fermentation(i.e.lysine decarboxylase),as well as the amino acid fermentation products(cadaverine and tyramine)(P<0.05),indicating a greater degree of amino acid fermentation.Overall,our results highlight a differential dynamic impact of dietary CP vs.FOS on microbial composition and metabolism in the gut.The dietary CP has a stronger ability to promote microbial amino acid fermentation in the ileum and carbohydrate fermentation in the feces than FOS.These findings provide a new insight into the role of different fibers in gut nutrition and guidelines for the choice of fibers in manipulating gut health.
基金The National Research Foundation of Korea funded this research(NRF)grant number 2018007551Brain Korea(BK)21 Plus Project[Grant No.22A20153713433]+1 种基金Korea Research Fellowship(KRF)Program(Grant No:2020H1D3A1A02081423)through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT,Republic of Korea and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology,Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology(KIIT)Kangwon National University,Gangwon-do 24341,Korea.
文摘Prebiotics,indigestible oligosaccharides found primarily in plant bi-product,aided probiotic development.Banana peels were used as cereal by-products in this study.The possibility of using them as an antistress prebiotics efficacy was examined through in-vitro and in-vivo analysis.Fructo-oligosaccharides(1-kestose(GF2))in Bannan peel oligosaccharide enzymatic extract(BPOE)were purified,further prebiotic effectiveness was analyzed and the anti-stress effect was compared in mice.In addition,Caenorhabditis elegans and fibroblasts cell line on prebiotic efficacy and cytotoxicity was determined.As a result of enzymatic treatment,kestose(GF2)was quantified using HPLC-RID,HSCC Chromatography at 24.9 mg/g,and COZY confirmed the structural.Further,the oligosaccharide enriched cookies enhanced the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus.Additionally,the in-vivo result indicates that the kestose fed mice reduced the stress and significantly decreased corticosterone levels,mainly due to changes in microbiota,such as an increase in the abundance of Oscilospira,Mucisprillum,and Parabactoroides species likewise decrease in Clostridium,coprobacillus,and Sporosarona species,correspondingly the behaviour change was confirmed for anxiolytic effect.This framework has the potential to advance the treatment of clinical anxiety.
