Forex(foreign exchange)is a special financial market that entails both high risks and high profit opportunities for traders.It is also a very simple market since traders can profit by just predicting the direction of ...Forex(foreign exchange)is a special financial market that entails both high risks and high profit opportunities for traders.It is also a very simple market since traders can profit by just predicting the direction of the exchange rate between two currencies.However,incorrect predictions in Forex may cause much higher losses than in other typical financial markets.The direction prediction requirement makes the problem quite different from other typical time-series forecasting problems.In this work,we used a popular deep learning tool called“long short-term memory”(LSTM),which has been shown to be very effective in many time-series forecasting problems,to make direction predictions in Forex.We utilized two different data sets—namely,macroeconomic data and technical indicator data—since in the financial world,fundamental and technical analysis are two main techniques,and they use those two data sets,respectively.Our proposed hybrid model,which combines two separate LSTMs corresponding to these two data sets,was found to be quite successful in experiments using real data.展开更多
We have developed a genetic algorithm approach for automatically generating expert advisors, computer programs that trade automatically in the financial markets. Our system, known as GenFx or Genetic Forex, evaluates ...We have developed a genetic algorithm approach for automatically generating expert advisors, computer programs that trade automatically in the financial markets. Our system, known as GenFx or Genetic Forex, evaluates evolutionarily generated expert advisors strategies using predetermined fitness functions to automatically prioritize parents for breeding. GenFx simulates several key factors in natural selection. It employs a multiple generation breeding population, a notion of gender, and the concept of aging to maintain diversity while providing many breeding opportunities to highly successful offspring. The approach is also especially efficient running in a multiple processor, multiple selection-strategy mode using multiple settings. We found out that a multi-processor gender-based running of the system outperformed all single runs of the system. This system is inspired by GenShade, a previous system that we have developed for evolutionary generating procedural textures. The methods described in this paper are not limited to the Forex market or financial problems only but are applicable to many other fields.展开更多
Steady growth of forex reserves makes it possible for China to bring currency-related risks under control more easily A ccording to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange,by the end of January,China’s foreign e...Steady growth of forex reserves makes it possible for China to bring currency-related risks under control more easily A ccording to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange,by the end of January,China’s foreign exchange(forex)reserves had hit US$3.18 trillion,up by US$56.8 billion,or 1.82 percent,over the end of 2022,the fourth monthly hike in a row.展开更多
China’s foreign exchange(forex)reserves-a stockpile of foreign currencies and other liquid assets-reached 3.24 trillion yuan($450 billion)in late March,up by$13.4 billion,or 0.42 percent,from the end of February,the ...China’s foreign exchange(forex)reserves-a stockpile of foreign currencies and other liquid assets-reached 3.24 trillion yuan($450 billion)in late March,up by$13.4 billion,or 0.42 percent,from the end of February,the State Administration of Foreign Exchange announced on April 7.This was the third consecutive month of growth,reflecting the Chinese economy’s underlying stability and sustained recovery,as well as progress in high-quality,innovation-driven development.展开更多
Online prediction is a process that repeatedly predicts the next element in the coming period from a sequence of given previous elements. This process has a broad range of applications in various areas, such as medica...Online prediction is a process that repeatedly predicts the next element in the coming period from a sequence of given previous elements. This process has a broad range of applications in various areas, such as medical, streaming media, and finance. The greatest challenge for online prediction is that the sequence data may not have explicit features because the data is frequently updated, which means good predictions are difficult to maintain. One of the popular solutions is to make the prediction with expert advice, and the challenge is to pick the right experts with minimum cumulative loss. In this research, we use the forex trading prediction, which is a good example for online prediction, as a case study. We also propose an improved expert selection model to select a good set of forex experts by learning previously observed sequences. Our model considers not only the average mistakes made by experts, but also the average profit earned by experts, to achieve a better performance, particularly in terms of financial profit. We demonstrate the merits of our model on two real major currency pairs corpora with extensive experiments.展开更多
According to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange,by the end of January,China’s foreign exchange(forex) reserves had hit $3.18 trillion,up by $56.8 billion,or 1.82 percent,over the end of 2022,the fourth mont...According to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange,by the end of January,China’s foreign exchange(forex) reserves had hit $3.18 trillion,up by $56.8 billion,or 1.82 percent,over the end of 2022,the fourth monthly hike in a row.展开更多
China’s rapid economic development over the past decades has brought in huge social wealth, amassing the largest foreign exchange (forex) reserves in the world at $2 trillion. When financial turbulence crippled the g...China’s rapid economic development over the past decades has brought in huge social wealth, amassing the largest foreign exchange (forex) reserves in the world at $2 trillion. When financial turbulence crippled the global economy, the mammoth foreign currency holdings quickly shrank in value as a result of the U.S. dollar’s devaluation.展开更多
China faces pressure of preserving the value of its $3 trillion foreign exchange reserves While already under pressure to revalue its currency,the yuan,against the U.S.dollar,China also faces the challenge of stifling...China faces pressure of preserving the value of its $3 trillion foreign exchange reserves While already under pressure to revalue its currency,the yuan,against the U.S.dollar,China also faces the challenge of stifling vast losses to its foreign exchange reserve,mostly denominated in U.S.dollars.These losses to foreign展开更多
When Premier Wen Jiabao told this year’s World Economic Forum in Davos that the Chinese Government was explor- ing more efficient ways to use its massive foreign exchange (forex) reserves to boost the domestic econom...When Premier Wen Jiabao told this year’s World Economic Forum in Davos that the Chinese Government was explor- ing more efficient ways to use its massive foreign exchange (forex) reserves to boost the domestic economy, he empha- sized that the reserves could only be used overseas. Zuo Xiaolei, Chief Economist of Beijing-based China Galaxy Securities Co. Ltd., recently wrote an article in the Securities Times explaining why the country’s forex reserves can only be used overseas and how they can help stimulate domestic development. Edited excerpts follow:展开更多
China is continuing to push forward its foreign exchange (forex) reform at a steady pace, giving global investors wider access to one of the world’s largest capital markets.The latest data showed that some 286 overse...China is continuing to push forward its foreign exchange (forex) reform at a steady pace, giving global investors wider access to one of the world’s largest capital markets.The latest data showed that some 286 overseas institutions had received quotas amounting to $100.56 billion by the end of November under China’s Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (QFII) program, a scheme that allows more convenient capital inflows.展开更多
As China’s foreign exchange (forex) reserves exceeded $1 trillion in early November, much debate exists about the possible impacts of this ballooning wealth on China’s economy and how to properly manage it. In two s...As China’s foreign exchange (forex) reserves exceeded $1 trillion in early November, much debate exists about the possible impacts of this ballooning wealth on China’s economy and how to properly manage it. In two separate articles carried in People’s Daily Online, Zhong Wei, a professor at the Financial Research Center in Beijing Normal University, and Zhao Xijun, Vice President of the School of Finance of Renmin University of China, contribute their ideas.展开更多
The global financial and economic market is now made up of several structures that are powerful and complex.In the last few decades,a few techniques and theories have been implemented that have revolutionized the unde...The global financial and economic market is now made up of several structures that are powerful and complex.In the last few decades,a few techniques and theories have been implemented that have revolutionized the understanding of those systems to forecast financial markets based on time series analysis.However still,none has been shown to function successfully consistently.In this project,a special form of Neural Network Modeling called LSTM to forecast the foreign exchange rate of currencies.In several different forecasting applications,this method of modelling has become popular as it can be defined complex non-linear relationships between variables and the outcome it wishes to predict.In compare to the stock market,exchange rates tend to be more relevant due to the availability of macroeconomic data that can be used to train the network to learn the impact of particular variables on the rate to be predicted.The information was collected using Quandl,an economic and financial platform that offers quantitative indicators for a wide variety of countries.Model is compared with three different metrics by exponential moving average and an autoregressive integrated moving average.then compare and validate the ability of the model to reliably predict future values and compare which of the models predicted the most correctly.展开更多
文摘Forex(foreign exchange)is a special financial market that entails both high risks and high profit opportunities for traders.It is also a very simple market since traders can profit by just predicting the direction of the exchange rate between two currencies.However,incorrect predictions in Forex may cause much higher losses than in other typical financial markets.The direction prediction requirement makes the problem quite different from other typical time-series forecasting problems.In this work,we used a popular deep learning tool called“long short-term memory”(LSTM),which has been shown to be very effective in many time-series forecasting problems,to make direction predictions in Forex.We utilized two different data sets—namely,macroeconomic data and technical indicator data—since in the financial world,fundamental and technical analysis are two main techniques,and they use those two data sets,respectively.Our proposed hybrid model,which combines two separate LSTMs corresponding to these two data sets,was found to be quite successful in experiments using real data.
文摘We have developed a genetic algorithm approach for automatically generating expert advisors, computer programs that trade automatically in the financial markets. Our system, known as GenFx or Genetic Forex, evaluates evolutionarily generated expert advisors strategies using predetermined fitness functions to automatically prioritize parents for breeding. GenFx simulates several key factors in natural selection. It employs a multiple generation breeding population, a notion of gender, and the concept of aging to maintain diversity while providing many breeding opportunities to highly successful offspring. The approach is also especially efficient running in a multiple processor, multiple selection-strategy mode using multiple settings. We found out that a multi-processor gender-based running of the system outperformed all single runs of the system. This system is inspired by GenShade, a previous system that we have developed for evolutionary generating procedural textures. The methods described in this paper are not limited to the Forex market or financial problems only but are applicable to many other fields.
文摘Steady growth of forex reserves makes it possible for China to bring currency-related risks under control more easily A ccording to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange,by the end of January,China’s foreign exchange(forex)reserves had hit US$3.18 trillion,up by US$56.8 billion,or 1.82 percent,over the end of 2022,the fourth monthly hike in a row.
文摘China’s foreign exchange(forex)reserves-a stockpile of foreign currencies and other liquid assets-reached 3.24 trillion yuan($450 billion)in late March,up by$13.4 billion,or 0.42 percent,from the end of February,the State Administration of Foreign Exchange announced on April 7.This was the third consecutive month of growth,reflecting the Chinese economy’s underlying stability and sustained recovery,as well as progress in high-quality,innovation-driven development.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China （2015A030310509）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 61370229, 61272067, 61303049）, the S＆T Planning Key Projects of Guangdong Province （2014B010117007, 2015B010109003, 2015A030401087, 2016A030303055, 2016B030305004, and 2016B010109008） and the S＆T Projects of Guangzhou Municipality, China （201604010003）.
文摘Online prediction is a process that repeatedly predicts the next element in the coming period from a sequence of given previous elements. This process has a broad range of applications in various areas, such as medical, streaming media, and finance. The greatest challenge for online prediction is that the sequence data may not have explicit features because the data is frequently updated, which means good predictions are difficult to maintain. One of the popular solutions is to make the prediction with expert advice, and the challenge is to pick the right experts with minimum cumulative loss. In this research, we use the forex trading prediction, which is a good example for online prediction, as a case study. We also propose an improved expert selection model to select a good set of forex experts by learning previously observed sequences. Our model considers not only the average mistakes made by experts, but also the average profit earned by experts, to achieve a better performance, particularly in terms of financial profit. We demonstrate the merits of our model on two real major currency pairs corpora with extensive experiments.
文摘According to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange,by the end of January,China’s foreign exchange(forex) reserves had hit $3.18 trillion,up by $56.8 billion,or 1.82 percent,over the end of 2022,the fourth monthly hike in a row.
文摘China’s rapid economic development over the past decades has brought in huge social wealth, amassing the largest foreign exchange (forex) reserves in the world at $2 trillion. When financial turbulence crippled the global economy, the mammoth foreign currency holdings quickly shrank in value as a result of the U.S. dollar’s devaluation.
文摘China faces pressure of preserving the value of its $3 trillion foreign exchange reserves While already under pressure to revalue its currency,the yuan,against the U.S.dollar,China also faces the challenge of stifling vast losses to its foreign exchange reserve,mostly denominated in U.S.dollars.These losses to foreign
文摘When Premier Wen Jiabao told this year’s World Economic Forum in Davos that the Chinese Government was explor- ing more efficient ways to use its massive foreign exchange (forex) reserves to boost the domestic economy, he empha- sized that the reserves could only be used overseas. Zuo Xiaolei, Chief Economist of Beijing-based China Galaxy Securities Co. Ltd., recently wrote an article in the Securities Times explaining why the country’s forex reserves can only be used overseas and how they can help stimulate domestic development. Edited excerpts follow:
文摘China is continuing to push forward its foreign exchange (forex) reform at a steady pace, giving global investors wider access to one of the world’s largest capital markets.The latest data showed that some 286 overseas institutions had received quotas amounting to $100.56 billion by the end of November under China’s Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (QFII) program, a scheme that allows more convenient capital inflows.
文摘As China’s foreign exchange (forex) reserves exceeded $1 trillion in early November, much debate exists about the possible impacts of this ballooning wealth on China’s economy and how to properly manage it. In two separate articles carried in People’s Daily Online, Zhong Wei, a professor at the Financial Research Center in Beijing Normal University, and Zhao Xijun, Vice President of the School of Finance of Renmin University of China, contribute their ideas.
文摘The global financial and economic market is now made up of several structures that are powerful and complex.In the last few decades,a few techniques and theories have been implemented that have revolutionized the understanding of those systems to forecast financial markets based on time series analysis.However still,none has been shown to function successfully consistently.In this project,a special form of Neural Network Modeling called LSTM to forecast the foreign exchange rate of currencies.In several different forecasting applications,this method of modelling has become popular as it can be defined complex non-linear relationships between variables and the outcome it wishes to predict.In compare to the stock market,exchange rates tend to be more relevant due to the availability of macroeconomic data that can be used to train the network to learn the impact of particular variables on the rate to be predicted.The information was collected using Quandl,an economic and financial platform that offers quantitative indicators for a wide variety of countries.Model is compared with three different metrics by exponential moving average and an autoregressive integrated moving average.then compare and validate the ability of the model to reliably predict future values and compare which of the models predicted the most correctly.
