Analysis of the environmental and economic performance of fishing vessels has received limited attention compared with other ship types despite their notable contribution to global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.This st...Analysis of the environmental and economic performance of fishing vessels has received limited attention compared with other ship types despite their notable contribution to global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.This study evaluates the carbon footprint(CF)and economic viability of a liquefied natural gas(LNG)-fueled fishing vessel,using real engine operation simulations to provide precise and dynamic evaluation of fuel consumption and GHG emissions.Operational profiles are obtained through the utilization of onboard monitoring systems,whereas engine performance is simulated using the 1D/0D AVL Boost^(TM)model.Life cycle assessment(LCA)is conducted to quantify the environmental impact,whereas life cycle cost assessment(LCCA)is performed to analyze the profitability of LNG as an alternative fuel.The potential impact of the future fuel price uncertainties is addressed using Monte Carlo simulations.The LCA findings indicate that LNG has the potential to reduce the CF of the vessel by 14%to 16%,in comparison to a diesel power system configuration that serves as the baseline scenario.The LCCA results further indicate that the total cost of an LNG-powered ship is lower by 9.5%-13.8%,depending on the share of LNG and pilot fuels.This finding highlights the potential of LNG to produce considerable environmental benefits while addressing economic challenges under diverse operational and fuel price conditions.展开更多
Captive breeding and stocking are commonly employed strategies for enhancing fisheries and conserving endangered fish species.However,hatchery-raised fish often exhibit reduced performance in the wild,displaying alter...Captive breeding and stocking are commonly employed strategies for enhancing fisheries and conserving endangered fish species.However,hatchery-raised fish often exhibit reduced performance in the wild,displaying alterations in physiological,morphological,and behavioral traits.We tested for differences in swimming capacity and metabolic traits between wild and hatchery-reared individuals of the Spanish toothcarp(Aphanius iberus)from 2 different populations.Furthermore,we experimentally tested if these changes translated into fitness differences after their stocking into the wild.There were significant differences in swimming capacity and metabolic traits between wild and hatchery-reared individuals and also between the 2 populations.Captive-bred individuals displayed consistently lower metabolic rates than wild individuals from the same population(30-76% lower).Critical swimming speed rather differed between the 2 populations.Sex-specific differences were observed in maximum and standard metabolic rates,with wild individuals and females generally exhibiting higher values but with some exceptions.During a 3-month experiment,survival rates did not significantly differ between wild and captive-bred fish.Captive-bred individuals started smaller but exhibited rapid growth during the experiment.Initially,larger captive-bred fish had lower body conditions than their wild counterparts,but these differences progressively diminished.In summary,captive-bred individuals of this fish species showed lower metabolic rates,although the differences with wild individuals slightly depended on sex and size.展开更多
We report here arsenic speciation in 1643 freshwater fish samples,representing 14 common fish species from 53 waterbodies in Alberta,Canada.Arsenic species were extracted from fish muscle tissue.Arsenic species in the...We report here arsenic speciation in 1643 freshwater fish samples,representing 14 common fish species from 53 waterbodies in Alberta,Canada.Arsenic species were extracted from fish muscle tissue.Arsenic species in the extracts were separated using anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICPMS).The total arsenic concentrations in fish ranged from 2.8 to 1200μg/kg(in wet weight of sample)(mean 71±101μg/kg),which are all below the 2000μg/kg(wet weight)maximum allowable total arsenic in fish,recommended by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment.In 99.7%,or 1638 of all 1643 freshwater fish samples analyzed,arsenobetaine(AsB)was detectable,with concentrations higher than the method detection limit of 0.25μg/kg(wet weight).Dimethylarsinic acid(DMA)was detectable(concentration>0.25μg/kg)in 92.1%,or 1514 of the 1643 freshwater fish samples.Inorganic arsenate(iAs^(Ⅴ))was detectable(>0.25μg/kg)in 1119 fish(i.e.,68.1% of 1643 samples).Monomethylarsonic acid(MMA)was detectable(>0.25μg/kg)in 418 fish(25.4%of 1643 samples).The concentrations of arsenic species in the 1643 fish samples varied by as much as three orders of magnitude,ranging from below the method detection limit of 0.25μg/kg to the maximum concentrations of 380μg/kg for AsB,150μg/kg for DMA,70μg/kg for iAs^(Ⅴ),and 51μg/kg for MMA.AsB made up 46.1%±26.2% of total arsenic species.Arsenic speciation patterns varied between lake whitefish,northern pike,and walleye,the three most common types of fish analyzed.The relative proportion of DMA in northern pike was larger than in lake whitefish and walleye,and conversely,the relative proportion of iAs^(Ⅴ) was lower in northern pike.Seven unknown arsenic species were detected,and their chromatographic retention time did not match with those of available arsenic standards.At least one unknown arsenic species was detected in 33.4%,or 549 of 1643 freshwater fish samples.The concentrations of unknown arsenic species were as high as 61μg/kg.Future research is necessary to identify unknown arsenic species and to determine contributing factors to the observed arsenic species patterns and concentrations.展开更多
[Objective]Implementation of the Ten-Year Fishing Ban policy may alter fish diversity and niche characteristics of dominant species in spawning grounds within the National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish in t...[Objective]Implementation of the Ten-Year Fishing Ban policy may alter fish diversity and niche characteristics of dominant species in spawning grounds within the National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish in the Upper Yangtze River.This study initiated continuous monitoring of natural spawning habitats from February 2022 to assess these ecological changes.[Methods]Environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding was employed to analyze fish species composition,biodiversity patterns,and niche parameters of dominant species.Water sampling followed the CEN/TS 19461 standard across five monitoring transects(ZT1-ZT5).[Results]The eDNA analysis detected 45 species of fish belonging to 38 genera,13 families,and 3 orders were detected through environmental DNA(eDNA)in this survey,including 10 species endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,such as Procypris rabaudi and Myxocyprinus asiaticus.The fish community was mainly composed of bottom-dwelling,settling ovum-producing,omnivorous fish.The variation ranges of the Chao1 index,ACE index,Shannon index,and Simpson index are 736~996,719~965,1.58~3.23,and 0.83~0.99,respectively,indicating that fish species in spawning sites are abundant and community distribution uniformity is high.All indexes are highest at ZT1 monitoring points.Cluster analysis showed that,at a certain similarity level,fish community types in spawning sites could be basically divided into two groups:ZT1,ZT3,and ZT5 clustered together,and ZT2 and ZT4 clustered together,indicating similar fish community habitats.There are 9 dominant fish species in typical deep pool habitats in the reserve,with niche widths(Bi)ranging from 1.13 to 3.87.The dominant fish species are broad and medium niche fish,such as Cyprinus carpio and Hemiculter tchangi,with the niche overlap index(Oik)of some dominant fish species reaching more than 0.95.This indicates fierce competition for resources among the fish in this spawning ground.[Conclusion]The Zhutuo spawning ground demonstrates high species richness with homogeneous community structure and intense resource competition.This study establishes an eDNA-based monitoring framework that enhances conventional survey method,providing critical baseline data for adaptive management under the fishing moratorium regime.展开更多
BACKGROUND Excessive oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of diabetic complications,including impaired ulcer healing.Previous studies have shown that fish scale ointment can promote wound healing.AIM T...BACKGROUND Excessive oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of diabetic complications,including impaired ulcer healing.Previous studies have shown that fish scale ointment can promote wound healing.AIM To preliminarily investigate the effect of fish scale ointment on wound healing in a diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)rat model by examining its regulation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway and induction of ferroptosis.METHODS Fish scale ointment(collagen product)was prepared from 500 g of silver carp scales.A diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat and high-sugar feeding combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin injections.For the DFU rat model,ulcer wounds were created by removing dorsal foot hair and cutting the skin to the fascia.The diabetic rats were randomized into five groups:Model,fish scale collagen(FSC),control+liproxstatin-1(Lip-1),model+Lip-1,and FSC+Lip-1.In each group,treatments were administered once daily by topical application and intraperitoneal injection for 14 days.Wound healing was evaluated on days 7 and 14 after treatment.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess wound injury and capillary formation.Basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and CD31 levels in wound tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry.Additionally,malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),ferroptosis-associated genes,and iron ion concentrations were quantified using assay kits.Protein levels of Nrf2,heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were determined using Western blotting.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model group showed slower wound healing,reduced angiogenesis,decreased bFGF and CD31 levels,increased iron ion concentration and MDA levels,reduced GSH levels,and decreased Nrf2,HO-1,and GPX4 protein expression(all P<0.05).The FSC,model+Lip-1,and FSC+Lip-1 groups showed increased wound healing and angiogenesis,elevated bFGF and CD31 expression,lowered iron ion concentration and MDA levels,increased GSH levels,and enhanced Nrf2,HO-1,and GPX4 protein levels compared with the model group(P<0.05).Improvements were more pronounced in the FSC+Lip-1 group compared with the FSC group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Fish scale ointment promotes angiogenesis and wound healing in DFU rat models by inhibiting ferroptosis,possibly through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway.展开更多
Erhai Lake is the second largest freshwater lake on the Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China. In recent decades, a number of exotic fish species have been introduced into the lake and the fish community has changed conside...Erhai Lake is the second largest freshwater lake on the Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China. In recent decades, a number of exotic fish species have been introduced into the lake and the fish community has changed considerably. We evaluated the status of the fish community based on surveys with multimesh gillnet, trap net, and benthic fyke-net between May 2009 and April 2012. In addition, we evaluated the change in the community using historical data （1952-2010） describing the fish community and fishery harvest. The current fish community is dominated by small-sized fishes, including Pseudorasbora parva, Rhinogobius giurinus, Micropercops swinhonis, Hemiculter leucisculus, and Rhinogobius cliffordpopei. These accounted for 87.7% of the 22 546 total specimens collected. Omnivorous and carnivorous species dominated the community. A canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） plot revealed that the distribution of fishes in the lake is influenced by aquatic plants, water temperature, pH, and season. The abundance of indigenous species has declined sharply, and a majority of endemic species have been extirpated from the lake （a decrease from seven to two species）. In contrast, the number of exotic species has increased since the 1960s to a total of 22 at present. The fishery harvest decreased initially following the 1960s, but has since increased due to the introduction of non-native fish and stocking of native fish. The fishery harvest was significantly correlated with total nitrogen, not total phosphorus, during the past 20 years. Based on our results, we discuss recommendations for the restoration and conservation of the fish resources in Erhai Lake.展开更多
Marine fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf from 2014 to 2022 was analyzed,using various methods including at-sea fisheries resource surveys,fishing port surveys,underwater survey techniques,and data from literature,books...Marine fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf from 2014 to 2022 was analyzed,using various methods including at-sea fisheries resource surveys,fishing port surveys,underwater survey techniques,and data from literature,books,and databases,from which 1059 fish species across 40 orders,166 families,and 503 genera were identified.Among them,Acanthuriformes displayed the highest diversity,followed by Carangiformes and Perciformes.Notably,eight alien species were found in the Beibu Gulf.The International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Red List assessment revealed 51threatened species,primarily cartilaginous fish.Taxonomic changes affected 88.70%of species due to classification adjustments,misidentifications,and junior synonymy.This study contributed new data of the gulf,including one additional order,six new families,34 new genera,and 81 new species,emphasizing the dynamic nature of marine ecosystems.Fish diversity in the gulf was relatively lower than the broader South China Sea,attributed to limited habitats and survey methods.Different survey methods,such as gill nets,trap nets,and underwater cameras,yielded varying results.Ocean currents may have transported deep-sea species into the Beibu Gulf,leading to accidental records.Research gaps exist in unexplored areas,warranting further investigation.Therefore,the Beibu Gulf hosts significant marine biodiversity,but taxonomic challenges and undiscovered species require new research and conservation efforts.展开更多
Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs)represents a significant public health issue,with a rising global prevalence and severe potential complications including amputation.Traditional treatments often fall short due to various lim...Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs)represents a significant public health issue,with a rising global prevalence and severe potential complications including amputation.Traditional treatments often fall short due to various limitations such as high recurrence rates and extensive resource utilization.This editorial explores the innovative use of acellular fish skin grafts as a transformative approach in DFU management.Recent studies and a detailed case report highlight the efficacy of acellular fish skin grafts in accelerating wound closure,reducing dressing changes,and enhancing patient outcomes with a lower socio-economic burden.Despite their promise,challenges such as limited availability,patient acceptance,and the need for further research persist.Addressing these through more extensive randomized controlled trials and fostering a multidisciplinary treatment approach may optimize DFU care and reduce the global health burden associated with these complex wounds.展开更多
[Objective]The channel straightening project of the Pinglu Canal has fragmented the river course,compromising the integrity of original river course and causing ecosystem patchiness.Understanding the current status of...[Objective]The channel straightening project of the Pinglu Canal has fragmented the river course,compromising the integrity of original river course and causing ecosystem patchiness.Understanding the current status of fish resources and the characteristics of their diversity is crucial for the ecological management of the Pinglu Canal.[Methods]During the spring and autumn in 2021 and 2022,a survey of fish resources and species diversity in the Pinglu Canal was conducted using multi-mesh gill nets.A total of 125 fish species were collected,belonging to 10 orders,34 families,and 89 genera.[Results]The result showed that the Pinglu Canal contained three nationally protected Class II species,two endemic species of the Qinjiang River,three anadromous/migratory species,and eight invasive species,accounting for 2.4%,1.6%,2.4%,and 6.4%of the total species,respectively.The fish community primarily consisted of mid-and bottom-dwelling,adhesive-egg-laying,and omnivorous species.The Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,Margalef,and Pielou indices of the fish community in the Pinglu Canal ranged from 2.347 to 2.757,0.081 to 0.151,3.493 to 4.382,and 0.812 to 0.892,respectively.These indices showed relatively uniform distribution across different river reaches.[Conclusion]The result indicate that the fish community structure in the Pinglu Canal is relatively uniform.The reach from the Yujiang River to the Shaping River shows higher stability,while other river reaches experience moderate or severe disturbances.This study provides supplementary baseline data on the fish community structure in the Pinglu Canal and explores the potential impact of inter-basin connectivity on fish resources,aiming to provide a scientific basis for habitat restoration assessments after the channel straightening project.展开更多
In aquaculture, feed represents the main component of production costs, and the development of this sector depends on the development of an economical feed formulation that meets the qualitative and quantitative requi...In aquaculture, feed represents the main component of production costs, and the development of this sector depends on the development of an economical feed formulation that meets the qualitative and quantitative requirements of fish. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritive and microbiological quality of fish feed formulated from local flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae. The raw materials used for formulation were fishmeal, corn meal, low-grade rice, soybean meal and Hermetia illucens larvae meal. Different iso-protein feed compositions were prepared with 0%, 10%, 25%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 75% and 100% incorporation of Hermetia illucens larvae meal as a substitute for fish meal. Biochemical and microbiological analyses of these flours were determined using standard methods. The results showed that incorporation of larvae meal had an influence on the biochemical characteristics ash (8.15 to 20.27%), lipid (11.55 to 24.94%), fiber (13.93 to 20.41%) and dry matter (89.65 to 91.19%) of various formulated feed. Loads of fecal Streptococci, Staphylococci, Aeromonas, yeasts and molds ranged from 2.4 to 4.9 log 10 CFU/g;3.6 to 3.9 log 10 CFU/g;2.2 to 2.7 log 10 CFU/g;2.1 to 2.3 log 10 CFU/g, respectively. The level of contamination of these flours was below the microbiological criteria applicable to animal feed. Feed formulated with 0% and 10% Hermetia illucens larvae showed the best nutritive and microbiological characteristics. These results suggest that flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae could be used in fish feed.展开更多
[Objectives]This study adopted a three-factor three-level orthogonal design to explore the effects of different application periods and methods of fish protein peptide on the fruit quality of‘Tieshanzha’.[Methods]Fa...[Objectives]This study adopted a three-factor three-level orthogonal design to explore the effects of different application periods and methods of fish protein peptide on the fruit quality of‘Tieshanzha’.[Methods]Factor A was set as the application period,with three levels:fruit-setting stage,core-hardening stage,and pre-coloring stage.Factor B was set as the application method,with three levels:root application,foliar spray,and root application+foliar spray.Factor C was set as the application concentration,with three levels:0,5 and 10 ml/L.[Results]Application period had an extremely significant effect on single fruit weight.Fertilization at the fruit-setting stage showed a single fruit weight as high as 13.36 g,which was 27.9%and 24%higher than those achieved by fertilization at the core-hardening stage and the pre-coloring stage,respectively.The factor that had the greatest impact on the internal quality of hawthorn fruit,specifically the Vc content,was application method.The optimal combination was foliar spray at the core-hardening stage with a concentration of 10 ml/L,which achieved the best fertilization effect.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for improving fruit quality of‘Tieshanzha’.展开更多
This work’s goal was to compile a list of fishing-related violations in order to suggest ways to enhance the surveillance system.In order to accomplish this goal,the following approach was used:Executive consultation...This work’s goal was to compile a list of fishing-related violations in order to suggest ways to enhance the surveillance system.In order to accomplish this goal,the following approach was used:Executive consultation and archive exploitation;surveillance agent survey;surveillance system identification and description;identification of offenses and fleet involved in the Guinean exclusive and economic area in recent years;identification and categorization of offense causes;surveillance system evaluation;and suggestion for enhanced surveillance system measures.Monitoring of this strategy showed that:fishing operating zones,administrative paperwork,and fishing gear are all linked to the infractions committed in the Guinean exclusive and economic zone.Records show that there were 308 boardings between 2006 and 2021.IP(Intellectual Property)infringement rates are 59%,Motorized Artisanal Fishing is 25%,and Semi-industrial fishing is 16%.In Motorized Artisanal Fishing,the Guineans have committed 33,the Senegalese have committed 23,and the Leonese have committed 18.In Semi-industrial fishing,the Chinese have committed 17 and the Senegalese have committed 16.According to the stakeholder survey,Vessal Monitoring System monitored 79 vessels in industrial fishing and 49 in Semi-industrial fishing in 2021.Registration certificates,personnel,rescue gear,gross tonnage,coastal state fishing authority,and maritime radio license are typically the primary documents examined at sea.From 2006 to 2022,a total of 135 fleets-80 demersal trawlers,7 cephalopod boats,21 shrimp boats,22 pelagic trawlers,and 5 cargo ships-were implicated in violations in the Guinean exclusive and economic area.By integrating the automatic identification system and Vessal Monitoring systems for fisheries surveillance,establishing a marking system for fishing gear,investing in highly effective launches,and protecting the privacy of patrol activities,Guinea’s surveillance system might be improved more effectively.展开更多
Background:Anaphylaxis to fish is a major public health concern,with disparities in incidence,prevalence,and severity across demographic groups remaining unclear.This study evaluates temporal trends in incidence propo...Background:Anaphylaxis to fish is a major public health concern,with disparities in incidence,prevalence,and severity across demographic groups remaining unclear.This study evaluates temporal trends in incidence proportion,prevalence,and incidence rate of fish-related anaphylaxis in a cohort of 114,698,348 patients,comparing 2015-2020 with 2021-2025,stratified by age,sex,and race,and forecasts future patterns.Methods:A retrospective cohort design included patients with at least one recorded medical visit during the study period.Incidence proportion(new cases per population),prevalence(total number of affected individuals),and incidence rate(cases per person-day)were calculated.Changes over time were assessed as percentage differences,and predictive modeling targeted high-risk racial groups.Results:Overall incidence proportion declined(-16.6%in females,-18.9%in males).However,prevalence rose in Black(+31.6%),Hispanic(+41.7%),and White(+50.9%)populations,indicating sustained disease burden.Incidence rate increased in all racial groups,peaking in Native American(+63.9%)and Hispanic(+45.9%)individuals.Age analysis revealed slower declines in new cases among Black and Hispanic children(0-19)compared to adults(>20),suggesting persistent pediatric risk.Predictive models indicate ongoing disparities,with a higher burden in Black and Hispanic populations through 2030.Conclusion:New cases of fish-related anaphylaxis are declining,but prevalence and reaction rates are rising,especially among children and high-risk racial groups.Targeted strategies,improved access to care,and long-term management are needed to reduce disparities.This study,limited by reliance on electronic health records and lack of environmental or genetic data,highlights the need for prospective multi-center research to guide interventions and reduce long-term disease burden.展开更多
In complex water environments,search tasks often involve multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs),and a single centralized control cannot handle the complexity and computational burden of large-scale systems.Targ...In complex water environments,search tasks often involve multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs),and a single centralized control cannot handle the complexity and computational burden of large-scale systems.Target search in complex water environments has always been a major challenge in the field of underwater robots.To address this problem,this paper proposes a multi-biomimetic robot fish collaborative target search method based on Distributed Model Predictive Control(DMPC).First,we established a bionic robot fish kinematic model and a multi-biomimetic robot fish communication model;second,this paper proposed a distributed model predictive control algorithm based on the distributed search theory framework,so that the bionic robot fish can dynamically adjust their search path according to each other’s position information and search status,avoid repeated coverage or missing areas,and thus improve the search efficiency;third,we conducted simulation experiments based on DMPC,and the results showed that the proposed method has a target search success rate of more than 90%in static targets,dynamic targets,and obstacle environments.Finally,we compared this method with Centralized Model Predictive Control(CMPC)and Random Walk(RW)algorithms.The DMPC approach demonstrates significant advantages,achieving a remarkable target search success rate of 94.17%.These findings comprehensively validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methodology.It can be seen that DMPC can effectively dispatch multiple bionic robot fish to work together to achieve efficient search of vast waters.It can significantly improve the flexibility,scalability,robustness and cooperation efficiency of the system and has broad application prospects.展开更多
文摘Analysis of the environmental and economic performance of fishing vessels has received limited attention compared with other ship types despite their notable contribution to global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.This study evaluates the carbon footprint(CF)and economic viability of a liquefied natural gas(LNG)-fueled fishing vessel,using real engine operation simulations to provide precise and dynamic evaluation of fuel consumption and GHG emissions.Operational profiles are obtained through the utilization of onboard monitoring systems,whereas engine performance is simulated using the 1D/0D AVL Boost^(TM)model.Life cycle assessment(LCA)is conducted to quantify the environmental impact,whereas life cycle cost assessment(LCCA)is performed to analyze the profitability of LNG as an alternative fuel.The potential impact of the future fuel price uncertainties is addressed using Monte Carlo simulations.The LCA findings indicate that LNG has the potential to reduce the CF of the vessel by 14%to 16%,in comparison to a diesel power system configuration that serves as the baseline scenario.The LCCA results further indicate that the total cost of an LNG-powered ship is lower by 9.5%-13.8%,depending on the share of LNG and pilot fuels.This finding highlights the potential of LNG to produce considerable environmental benefits while addressing economic challenges under diverse operational and fuel price conditions.
基金supported by the supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science,Innovation and Universities(MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)the European Union(NextGenerationEU/PRTR)through projects CGL2016-80820-R,PID2019-103936GB-C21,TED2021-129889B-I00,and RED2022-134338-T.
文摘Captive breeding and stocking are commonly employed strategies for enhancing fisheries and conserving endangered fish species.However,hatchery-raised fish often exhibit reduced performance in the wild,displaying alterations in physiological,morphological,and behavioral traits.We tested for differences in swimming capacity and metabolic traits between wild and hatchery-reared individuals of the Spanish toothcarp(Aphanius iberus)from 2 different populations.Furthermore,we experimentally tested if these changes translated into fitness differences after their stocking into the wild.There were significant differences in swimming capacity and metabolic traits between wild and hatchery-reared individuals and also between the 2 populations.Captive-bred individuals displayed consistently lower metabolic rates than wild individuals from the same population(30-76% lower).Critical swimming speed rather differed between the 2 populations.Sex-specific differences were observed in maximum and standard metabolic rates,with wild individuals and females generally exhibiting higher values but with some exceptions.During a 3-month experiment,survival rates did not significantly differ between wild and captive-bred fish.Captive-bred individuals started smaller but exhibited rapid growth during the experiment.Initially,larger captive-bred fish had lower body conditions than their wild counterparts,but these differences progressively diminished.In summary,captive-bred individuals of this fish species showed lower metabolic rates,although the differences with wild individuals slightly depended on sex and size.
基金supported by Alberta Health,Alberta Innovates,the Canada Research Chairs program,the Canadian Institutes of Health Research,and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
文摘We report here arsenic speciation in 1643 freshwater fish samples,representing 14 common fish species from 53 waterbodies in Alberta,Canada.Arsenic species were extracted from fish muscle tissue.Arsenic species in the extracts were separated using anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICPMS).The total arsenic concentrations in fish ranged from 2.8 to 1200μg/kg(in wet weight of sample)(mean 71±101μg/kg),which are all below the 2000μg/kg(wet weight)maximum allowable total arsenic in fish,recommended by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment.In 99.7%,or 1638 of all 1643 freshwater fish samples analyzed,arsenobetaine(AsB)was detectable,with concentrations higher than the method detection limit of 0.25μg/kg(wet weight).Dimethylarsinic acid(DMA)was detectable(concentration>0.25μg/kg)in 92.1%,or 1514 of the 1643 freshwater fish samples.Inorganic arsenate(iAs^(Ⅴ))was detectable(>0.25μg/kg)in 1119 fish(i.e.,68.1% of 1643 samples).Monomethylarsonic acid(MMA)was detectable(>0.25μg/kg)in 418 fish(25.4%of 1643 samples).The concentrations of arsenic species in the 1643 fish samples varied by as much as three orders of magnitude,ranging from below the method detection limit of 0.25μg/kg to the maximum concentrations of 380μg/kg for AsB,150μg/kg for DMA,70μg/kg for iAs^(Ⅴ),and 51μg/kg for MMA.AsB made up 46.1%±26.2% of total arsenic species.Arsenic speciation patterns varied between lake whitefish,northern pike,and walleye,the three most common types of fish analyzed.The relative proportion of DMA in northern pike was larger than in lake whitefish and walleye,and conversely,the relative proportion of iAs^(Ⅴ) was lower in northern pike.Seven unknown arsenic species were detected,and their chromatographic retention time did not match with those of available arsenic standards.At least one unknown arsenic species was detected in 33.4%,or 549 of 1643 freshwater fish samples.The concentrations of unknown arsenic species were as high as 61μg/kg.Future research is necessary to identify unknown arsenic species and to determine contributing factors to the observed arsenic species patterns and concentrations.
文摘[Objective]Implementation of the Ten-Year Fishing Ban policy may alter fish diversity and niche characteristics of dominant species in spawning grounds within the National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish in the Upper Yangtze River.This study initiated continuous monitoring of natural spawning habitats from February 2022 to assess these ecological changes.[Methods]Environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding was employed to analyze fish species composition,biodiversity patterns,and niche parameters of dominant species.Water sampling followed the CEN/TS 19461 standard across five monitoring transects(ZT1-ZT5).[Results]The eDNA analysis detected 45 species of fish belonging to 38 genera,13 families,and 3 orders were detected through environmental DNA(eDNA)in this survey,including 10 species endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,such as Procypris rabaudi and Myxocyprinus asiaticus.The fish community was mainly composed of bottom-dwelling,settling ovum-producing,omnivorous fish.The variation ranges of the Chao1 index,ACE index,Shannon index,and Simpson index are 736~996,719~965,1.58~3.23,and 0.83~0.99,respectively,indicating that fish species in spawning sites are abundant and community distribution uniformity is high.All indexes are highest at ZT1 monitoring points.Cluster analysis showed that,at a certain similarity level,fish community types in spawning sites could be basically divided into two groups:ZT1,ZT3,and ZT5 clustered together,and ZT2 and ZT4 clustered together,indicating similar fish community habitats.There are 9 dominant fish species in typical deep pool habitats in the reserve,with niche widths(Bi)ranging from 1.13 to 3.87.The dominant fish species are broad and medium niche fish,such as Cyprinus carpio and Hemiculter tchangi,with the niche overlap index(Oik)of some dominant fish species reaching more than 0.95.This indicates fierce competition for resources among the fish in this spawning ground.[Conclusion]The Zhutuo spawning ground demonstrates high species richness with homogeneous community structure and intense resource competition.This study establishes an eDNA-based monitoring framework that enhances conventional survey method,providing critical baseline data for adaptive management under the fishing moratorium regime.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82172095Qingdao Municipal Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project,No.2022-zyym03.
文摘BACKGROUND Excessive oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of diabetic complications,including impaired ulcer healing.Previous studies have shown that fish scale ointment can promote wound healing.AIM To preliminarily investigate the effect of fish scale ointment on wound healing in a diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)rat model by examining its regulation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway and induction of ferroptosis.METHODS Fish scale ointment(collagen product)was prepared from 500 g of silver carp scales.A diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat and high-sugar feeding combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin injections.For the DFU rat model,ulcer wounds were created by removing dorsal foot hair and cutting the skin to the fascia.The diabetic rats were randomized into five groups:Model,fish scale collagen(FSC),control+liproxstatin-1(Lip-1),model+Lip-1,and FSC+Lip-1.In each group,treatments were administered once daily by topical application and intraperitoneal injection for 14 days.Wound healing was evaluated on days 7 and 14 after treatment.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess wound injury and capillary formation.Basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and CD31 levels in wound tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry.Additionally,malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),ferroptosis-associated genes,and iron ion concentrations were quantified using assay kits.Protein levels of Nrf2,heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were determined using Western blotting.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model group showed slower wound healing,reduced angiogenesis,decreased bFGF and CD31 levels,increased iron ion concentration and MDA levels,reduced GSH levels,and decreased Nrf2,HO-1,and GPX4 protein expression(all P<0.05).The FSC,model+Lip-1,and FSC+Lip-1 groups showed increased wound healing and angiogenesis,elevated bFGF and CD31 expression,lowered iron ion concentration and MDA levels,increased GSH levels,and enhanced Nrf2,HO-1,and GPX4 protein levels compared with the model group(P<0.05).Improvements were more pronounced in the FSC+Lip-1 group compared with the FSC group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Fish scale ointment promotes angiogenesis and wound healing in DFU rat models by inhibiting ferroptosis,possibly through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
基金Supported by the National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Sector(Agriculture)(No.200903048-04)the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China(No.2012ZX07105-004)the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30830025)
文摘Erhai Lake is the second largest freshwater lake on the Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China. In recent decades, a number of exotic fish species have been introduced into the lake and the fish community has changed considerably. We evaluated the status of the fish community based on surveys with multimesh gillnet, trap net, and benthic fyke-net between May 2009 and April 2012. In addition, we evaluated the change in the community using historical data （1952-2010） describing the fish community and fishery harvest. The current fish community is dominated by small-sized fishes, including Pseudorasbora parva, Rhinogobius giurinus, Micropercops swinhonis, Hemiculter leucisculus, and Rhinogobius cliffordpopei. These accounted for 87.7% of the 22 546 total specimens collected. Omnivorous and carnivorous species dominated the community. A canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） plot revealed that the distribution of fishes in the lake is influenced by aquatic plants, water temperature, pH, and season. The abundance of indigenous species has declined sharply, and a majority of endemic species have been extirpated from the lake （a decrease from seven to two species）. In contrast, the number of exotic species has increased since the 1960s to a total of 22 at present. The fishery harvest decreased initially following the 1960s, but has since increased due to the introduction of non-native fish and stocking of native fish. The fishery harvest was significantly correlated with total nitrogen, not total phosphorus, during the past 20 years. Based on our results, we discuss recommendations for the restoration and conservation of the fish resources in Erhai Lake.
基金Supported by the Regional Innovation Development Joint Fund Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A2087)the Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42249911)。
文摘Marine fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf from 2014 to 2022 was analyzed,using various methods including at-sea fisheries resource surveys,fishing port surveys,underwater survey techniques,and data from literature,books,and databases,from which 1059 fish species across 40 orders,166 families,and 503 genera were identified.Among them,Acanthuriformes displayed the highest diversity,followed by Carangiformes and Perciformes.Notably,eight alien species were found in the Beibu Gulf.The International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Red List assessment revealed 51threatened species,primarily cartilaginous fish.Taxonomic changes affected 88.70%of species due to classification adjustments,misidentifications,and junior synonymy.This study contributed new data of the gulf,including one additional order,six new families,34 new genera,and 81 new species,emphasizing the dynamic nature of marine ecosystems.Fish diversity in the gulf was relatively lower than the broader South China Sea,attributed to limited habitats and survey methods.Different survey methods,such as gill nets,trap nets,and underwater cameras,yielded varying results.Ocean currents may have transported deep-sea species into the Beibu Gulf,leading to accidental records.Research gaps exist in unexplored areas,warranting further investigation.Therefore,the Beibu Gulf hosts significant marine biodiversity,but taxonomic challenges and undiscovered species require new research and conservation efforts.
基金Supported by the Zhejiang Medical Technology Project,No.2022RC009 and No.2024KY645.
文摘Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs)represents a significant public health issue,with a rising global prevalence and severe potential complications including amputation.Traditional treatments often fall short due to various limitations such as high recurrence rates and extensive resource utilization.This editorial explores the innovative use of acellular fish skin grafts as a transformative approach in DFU management.Recent studies and a detailed case report highlight the efficacy of acellular fish skin grafts in accelerating wound closure,reducing dressing changes,and enhancing patient outcomes with a lower socio-economic burden.Despite their promise,challenges such as limited availability,patient acceptance,and the need for further research persist.Addressing these through more extensive randomized controlled trials and fostering a multidisciplinary treatment approach may optimize DFU care and reduce the global health burden associated with these complex wounds.
文摘[Objective]The channel straightening project of the Pinglu Canal has fragmented the river course,compromising the integrity of original river course and causing ecosystem patchiness.Understanding the current status of fish resources and the characteristics of their diversity is crucial for the ecological management of the Pinglu Canal.[Methods]During the spring and autumn in 2021 and 2022,a survey of fish resources and species diversity in the Pinglu Canal was conducted using multi-mesh gill nets.A total of 125 fish species were collected,belonging to 10 orders,34 families,and 89 genera.[Results]The result showed that the Pinglu Canal contained three nationally protected Class II species,two endemic species of the Qinjiang River,three anadromous/migratory species,and eight invasive species,accounting for 2.4%,1.6%,2.4%,and 6.4%of the total species,respectively.The fish community primarily consisted of mid-and bottom-dwelling,adhesive-egg-laying,and omnivorous species.The Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,Margalef,and Pielou indices of the fish community in the Pinglu Canal ranged from 2.347 to 2.757,0.081 to 0.151,3.493 to 4.382,and 0.812 to 0.892,respectively.These indices showed relatively uniform distribution across different river reaches.[Conclusion]The result indicate that the fish community structure in the Pinglu Canal is relatively uniform.The reach from the Yujiang River to the Shaping River shows higher stability,while other river reaches experience moderate or severe disturbances.This study provides supplementary baseline data on the fish community structure in the Pinglu Canal and explores the potential impact of inter-basin connectivity on fish resources,aiming to provide a scientific basis for habitat restoration assessments after the channel straightening project.
文摘In aquaculture, feed represents the main component of production costs, and the development of this sector depends on the development of an economical feed formulation that meets the qualitative and quantitative requirements of fish. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritive and microbiological quality of fish feed formulated from local flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae. The raw materials used for formulation were fishmeal, corn meal, low-grade rice, soybean meal and Hermetia illucens larvae meal. Different iso-protein feed compositions were prepared with 0%, 10%, 25%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 75% and 100% incorporation of Hermetia illucens larvae meal as a substitute for fish meal. Biochemical and microbiological analyses of these flours were determined using standard methods. The results showed that incorporation of larvae meal had an influence on the biochemical characteristics ash (8.15 to 20.27%), lipid (11.55 to 24.94%), fiber (13.93 to 20.41%) and dry matter (89.65 to 91.19%) of various formulated feed. Loads of fecal Streptococci, Staphylococci, Aeromonas, yeasts and molds ranged from 2.4 to 4.9 log 10 CFU/g;3.6 to 3.9 log 10 CFU/g;2.2 to 2.7 log 10 CFU/g;2.1 to 2.3 log 10 CFU/g, respectively. The level of contamination of these flours was below the microbiological criteria applicable to animal feed. Feed formulated with 0% and 10% Hermetia illucens larvae showed the best nutritive and microbiological characteristics. These results suggest that flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae could be used in fish feed.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(23317102D).
文摘[Objectives]This study adopted a three-factor three-level orthogonal design to explore the effects of different application periods and methods of fish protein peptide on the fruit quality of‘Tieshanzha’.[Methods]Factor A was set as the application period,with three levels:fruit-setting stage,core-hardening stage,and pre-coloring stage.Factor B was set as the application method,with three levels:root application,foliar spray,and root application+foliar spray.Factor C was set as the application concentration,with three levels:0,5 and 10 ml/L.[Results]Application period had an extremely significant effect on single fruit weight.Fertilization at the fruit-setting stage showed a single fruit weight as high as 13.36 g,which was 27.9%and 24%higher than those achieved by fertilization at the core-hardening stage and the pre-coloring stage,respectively.The factor that had the greatest impact on the internal quality of hawthorn fruit,specifically the Vc content,was application method.The optimal combination was foliar spray at the core-hardening stage with a concentration of 10 ml/L,which achieved the best fertilization effect.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for improving fruit quality of‘Tieshanzha’.
文摘This work’s goal was to compile a list of fishing-related violations in order to suggest ways to enhance the surveillance system.In order to accomplish this goal,the following approach was used:Executive consultation and archive exploitation;surveillance agent survey;surveillance system identification and description;identification of offenses and fleet involved in the Guinean exclusive and economic area in recent years;identification and categorization of offense causes;surveillance system evaluation;and suggestion for enhanced surveillance system measures.Monitoring of this strategy showed that:fishing operating zones,administrative paperwork,and fishing gear are all linked to the infractions committed in the Guinean exclusive and economic zone.Records show that there were 308 boardings between 2006 and 2021.IP(Intellectual Property)infringement rates are 59%,Motorized Artisanal Fishing is 25%,and Semi-industrial fishing is 16%.In Motorized Artisanal Fishing,the Guineans have committed 33,the Senegalese have committed 23,and the Leonese have committed 18.In Semi-industrial fishing,the Chinese have committed 17 and the Senegalese have committed 16.According to the stakeholder survey,Vessal Monitoring System monitored 79 vessels in industrial fishing and 49 in Semi-industrial fishing in 2021.Registration certificates,personnel,rescue gear,gross tonnage,coastal state fishing authority,and maritime radio license are typically the primary documents examined at sea.From 2006 to 2022,a total of 135 fleets-80 demersal trawlers,7 cephalopod boats,21 shrimp boats,22 pelagic trawlers,and 5 cargo ships-were implicated in violations in the Guinean exclusive and economic area.By integrating the automatic identification system and Vessal Monitoring systems for fisheries surveillance,establishing a marking system for fishing gear,investing in highly effective launches,and protecting the privacy of patrol activities,Guinea’s surveillance system might be improved more effectively.
文摘Background:Anaphylaxis to fish is a major public health concern,with disparities in incidence,prevalence,and severity across demographic groups remaining unclear.This study evaluates temporal trends in incidence proportion,prevalence,and incidence rate of fish-related anaphylaxis in a cohort of 114,698,348 patients,comparing 2015-2020 with 2021-2025,stratified by age,sex,and race,and forecasts future patterns.Methods:A retrospective cohort design included patients with at least one recorded medical visit during the study period.Incidence proportion(new cases per population),prevalence(total number of affected individuals),and incidence rate(cases per person-day)were calculated.Changes over time were assessed as percentage differences,and predictive modeling targeted high-risk racial groups.Results:Overall incidence proportion declined(-16.6%in females,-18.9%in males).However,prevalence rose in Black(+31.6%),Hispanic(+41.7%),and White(+50.9%)populations,indicating sustained disease burden.Incidence rate increased in all racial groups,peaking in Native American(+63.9%)and Hispanic(+45.9%)individuals.Age analysis revealed slower declines in new cases among Black and Hispanic children(0-19)compared to adults(>20),suggesting persistent pediatric risk.Predictive models indicate ongoing disparities,with a higher burden in Black and Hispanic populations through 2030.Conclusion:New cases of fish-related anaphylaxis are declining,but prevalence and reaction rates are rising,especially among children and high-risk racial groups.Targeted strategies,improved access to care,and long-term management are needed to reduce disparities.This study,limited by reliance on electronic health records and lack of environmental or genetic data,highlights the need for prospective multi-center research to guide interventions and reduce long-term disease burden.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62473236,62073196).
文摘In complex water environments,search tasks often involve multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs),and a single centralized control cannot handle the complexity and computational burden of large-scale systems.Target search in complex water environments has always been a major challenge in the field of underwater robots.To address this problem,this paper proposes a multi-biomimetic robot fish collaborative target search method based on Distributed Model Predictive Control(DMPC).First,we established a bionic robot fish kinematic model and a multi-biomimetic robot fish communication model;second,this paper proposed a distributed model predictive control algorithm based on the distributed search theory framework,so that the bionic robot fish can dynamically adjust their search path according to each other’s position information and search status,avoid repeated coverage or missing areas,and thus improve the search efficiency;third,we conducted simulation experiments based on DMPC,and the results showed that the proposed method has a target search success rate of more than 90%in static targets,dynamic targets,and obstacle environments.Finally,we compared this method with Centralized Model Predictive Control(CMPC)and Random Walk(RW)algorithms.The DMPC approach demonstrates significant advantages,achieving a remarkable target search success rate of 94.17%.These findings comprehensively validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methodology.It can be seen that DMPC can effectively dispatch multiple bionic robot fish to work together to achieve efficient search of vast waters.It can significantly improve the flexibility,scalability,robustness and cooperation efficiency of the system and has broad application prospects.
