The present study aimed to examine the value of ultrasonic soft markers in prenatal screening by analyzing the clinical outcome of fetuses with ultrasonic soft markers during the second trimester of pregnancy. A retro...The present study aimed to examine the value of ultrasonic soft markers in prenatal screening by analyzing the clinical outcome of fetuses with ultrasonic soft markers during the second trimester of pregnancy. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the outcome of 591 fetuses with ultrasonic soft markers from January 2015 to August 2016 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China. It was found that 591 fetuses showed ultrasonic soft markers in 4927 cases with the occurrence rate being 12.0%. Among them, 564 fetuses（95.4%） were delivered and the remaining 27 cases（4.6%） were aborted. Five hundred and sixty-seven cases had single ultrasonic soft marker, including echogenic intracardiac focus（n=343）, mild renal pelvis dilatation（n=116）, short long bones（n=72）, single umbilical artery（n=31）, mild lateral ventriculomegaly（n=21）, choroid plexus cysts（n=19）, and echogenic bowel（n=13）, with the disappearing rates in pregnancy being 97.1%（333/343）, 77.6%（90/116）, 0%（0/72）, 0%（0/31）, 57.1%（12/21）, 89.5%（17/19） and 61.5%（8/13） respectively. The rate of pregnancy termination due to single ultrasonic soft marker was 3.4%（19/567）, and that was 33.3%（8/24） due to two ultrasonic soft markers with the difference being statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The reasons of pregnancy termination included malformations（polycystic kidney, cleft lip and palate, congenital heart diseases, pcromphalus, hypospadias, hydrocephalus）, chromosome abnormality, and stillbirth. It was concluded that single ultrasonic soft marker is usually transient manifestation in pregnancy. Without the other structural defects, single ultrasonic soft marker usually disappears spontaneously with favorable prognosis in a low-risk population. It is suggested that ultrasonic soft markers should be appropriately interpreted to avoid unnecessary invasive examination.展开更多
Background: The degree of adipose tissue development at birth may influence neonatal survival and subsequent health outcomes. Despite their lower birth weights, piglets from Meishan sows(a fat breed with excellent mat...Background: The degree of adipose tissue development at birth may influence neonatal survival and subsequent health outcomes. Despite their lower birth weights, piglets from Meishan sows(a fat breed with excellent maternal ability) have a higher survival rate than piglets from Large White sows(a lean breed). To identify the main pathways involved in subcutaneous adipose tissue maturation during the last month of gestation, we compared the proteome and the expression levels of some genes at d 90 and d 110 of gestation in purebred and crossbred Large White or Meishan fetuses gestated by sows of either breed.Results: A total of 52 proteins in fetal subcutaneous adipose tissue were identified as differential y expressed over the course of gestation. Many proteins involved in energy metabolism were more abundant, whereas some proteins participating in cytoskeleton organization were reduced in abundance on d 110 compared with d 90. Irrespective of age,24 proteins differed in abundance between fetal genotypes, and an interaction effect between fetal age and genotype was observed for 13 proteins. The abundance levels of proteins known to be responsive to nutrient levels such as aldolase and fatty acid binding proteins, as wel as the expression levels of FASN, a key lipogenic enzyme, and MLXIPL, a pivotal transcriptional mediator of glucose-related stimulation of lipogenic genes, were elevated in the adipose tissue of pure and crossbred fetuses from Meishan sows. These data suggested that the adipose tissue of these fetuses had superior metabolic functionality, whatever their paternal genes. Conversely, proteins participating in redox homeostasis and apoptotic cel clearance had a lower abundance in Meishan than in Large White fetuses. Time-course differences in adipose tissue protein abundance were revealed between fetal genotypes for a few secreted proteins participating in responses to organic substances, such as alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, transferrin and albumin.Conclusions: These results underline the importance of not only fetal age but also maternal intrauterine environment in the regulation of several proteins in subcutaneous adipose tissue. These proteins may be used to estimate the maturity grade of piglet neonates.展开更多
BACKGROUND Heart defects are the most common congenital malformations in fetuses.Fetal cardiac structure and function abnormalities lead to changes in ventricular volume.As ventricular volume is an important index for...BACKGROUND Heart defects are the most common congenital malformations in fetuses.Fetal cardiac structure and function abnormalities lead to changes in ventricular volume.As ventricular volume is an important index for evaluating fetal cardiovascular development,an effective and reliable method for measuring fetal ventricular volume and cardiac function is necessary for accurate ultrasonic diagnosis and effective clinical treatment.The new intelligent spatiotemporal image correlation(iSTIC)technology acquires high-resolution volumetric images.In this study,the iSTIC technique was used to measure right ventricular volume and to evaluate right ventricular systolic function to provide a more accurate and convenient evaluation of fetal heart function.AIM To investigate the value of iSTIC in evaluating right ventricular volume and systolic function in normal fetuses.METHODS Between October 2014 and September 2015,a total of 123 pregnant women received prenatal ultrasound examinations in our hospital.iSTIC technology was used to acquire the entire fetal cardiac volume with off-line analysis using QLAB software.Cardiac systolic and diastolic phases were defined by opening of the atrioventricular valve and the subsequent closure of the atrioventricular valve.The volumetric data of the two phases were measured by manual tracking and summation of multiple slices and recording of the right ventricular end-systolic volume and the right ventricular end-diastolic volume.The data were used to calculate the right stroke volume,the right cardiac output,and the right ejection fraction.The correlations of changes between the above-mentioned indices and gestational age were analyzed.The right ventricular volumes of 30 randomly selected cases were measured twice by the same sonographer,and the intraobserver agreement measurements were calculated.RESULTS Among the 123 normal fetuses,the mean right ventricular end-diastolic volume increased from 0.99±0.34 mL at 22 wk gestation to 3.69±0.36 mL at 35+6 wk gestation.The mean right ventricular end-systolic volume increased from 0.43±0.18 mL at 22 wk gestation to 1.36±0.22 mL at 35+6 wk gestation.The mean right stroke volume increased from 0.62±0.29 mL at 22 wk gestation to 2.33±0.18 mL at 35+6 wk gestation.The mean right cardiac output increased from 92.23±40.67 mL/min at 22 wk gestation to 335.83±32.75 mL/min at 35+6 wk gestation.Right ventricular end-diastolic volume,right ventricular end-systolic volume,right stroke volume,and right cardiac output all increased with gestational age and the correlations were linear(P<0.01).Right ejection fraction had no apparent correlation with gestational age(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Fetal right ventricular volume can be quantitatively measured using iSTIC technology with relative ease and high repeatability.iSTIC technology is expected to provide a new method for clinical evaluation of fetal cardiac function.展开更多
We followed up 1576 pennant women prospectively from less than 24 weeks of pregnancy,in order to investigate the effect of HBsAg antigenemia on fetuses and infants.The resultsshowed that there was no difference betwee...We followed up 1576 pennant women prospectively from less than 24 weeks of pregnancy,in order to investigate the effect of HBsAg antigenemia on fetuses and infants.The resultsshowed that there was no difference between HBsAg-positive and negative pregnant women in the incidence of fetal distress,Premature labor,asphyxia neonatorum, perinatal death,low birth weight,and congenital malformation,P= 0. 6035, 0.2177,0.8722,0.4673,0.9508,and 0.7892,respectively.展开更多
Purpose: Surfactant proteins exist in the digestive tract and may play an important role in the host defense. However, the expression of surfactant proteins in the premature digestive system remains unclear. The aim o...Purpose: Surfactant proteins exist in the digestive tract and may play an important role in the host defense. However, the expression of surfactant proteins in the premature digestive system remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of surfactant proteins in the intes-tines and pancreas of murine fetuses. Methods: Immunostaining for SP-A and SP-D was assessed in the small intestine and pancreas of ICR murine fetuses on days 15, 16, 17 and 18 of gestation (normal duration of pregnancy: 19 - 21 days). RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of spa and spd mRNA in the small intestine and pancreas on day 16, 17 and 18 of gestation. Results: Immunoreactivity for SP-A and SP-D in the acinar cells of pancreas and intestinal mucosal surface were positive on day 16 of gestation onward. RT-PCR revealed that the expression of spa and spd mRNA was significant in the pancreas but weak in the small intestine. Conclusions: Our data revealed that surfactant proteins are present in the fetal intestines and pancreas and that a significant expression of spa and spd mRNA is detected in the fetal pancreas. Pancreas may be a possible organ involved in the synthesis and secretion of surfactant proteins into the intestinal lumen.展开更多
Background Umbilical cord around neck, a common obstetric complication, affects fetal hemodynamics. Does it influence fetal cardiac functions？ The purpose of this study was to investigate the left and right ventricu...Background Umbilical cord around neck, a common obstetric complication, affects fetal hemodynamics. Does it influence fetal cardiac functions？ The purpose of this study was to investigate the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck in the third trimester by applying velocity vector imaging （VVI）. Methods Thirty-five cases of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck whose gestational ages from 35 to 40 weeks were selected, including 20 cases of umbilical artery ratio of the highest systolic velocity （S） to the lowest diastolic velocity （D） （S/D） 〈3.0 and 15 cases of umbilical artery S/D ≥3.0, while 20 cases of normal fetuses of 35–40 gestational weeks were selected as the control group. The changes in longitudinal velocity, strain, and strain rate of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole in two groups, and the changes in fetal cardiac function under the situation of umbilical cord around neck were analyzed.Results Longitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole were less in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D 33.0 and umbilical cord around neck than those in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D 〈3.0 and those in control group （P 〈0.05）; there was no significant difference （P 〉0.05） in longitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole between fetuses with umbilical artery S/D 〈3.0 and those in control group.Conclusions Left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction was detected in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck and umbilical artery S/D 33.0. VVI could sensitively respond to cardiac function changes in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck, which provides another valuable method in the evaluation of fetal cardiac function.展开更多
Background Gap junction channels formed by connexin43 (Cx43) protein are important in cardiac morphogenesis, and Cx43 gene is thought to be associated with congenital heart malformation (CHM). This study was undertak...Background Gap junction channels formed by connexin43 (Cx43) protein are important in cardiac morphogenesis, and Cx43 gene is thought to be associated with congenital heart malformation (CHM). This study was undertaken to detect the mutations of Cx43 in fetuses with CHM.Methods Cx43 extron DNA was amplified by PCR from 16 fetuses with a variety of CHM. The PCR products were analyzed by SSCP and DNA sequencing. Thirty children who had no CHM were selected as controls. Results Eight homozygous mutations of Cx43 were observed in a fetus with double outlet right ventricule (DORV), five of the 8 mutations were missense mutations including Arg239Trp, Ser251Thr, Ala253Pro, Pro283Leu and Thr290Asn, and the remaining 3 were silent polymorphisms including Gly252Gly, Pro256Pro and Thr275Thr. No mutations were found in other fetuses and the control group.Conclusions Mutations of Cx43 may be associated with congenital conotruncal anomalies. PCR-SSCP is an effective method for screening the mutations of Cx43.展开更多
Microanatomy of the vast majority of human organs at birth is characterized by marked differences as compared toadult organs, regarding their architecture and the cell types detectable at histology. In preterm neonate...Microanatomy of the vast majority of human organs at birth is characterized by marked differences as compared toadult organs, regarding their architecture and the cell types detectable at histology. In preterm neonates, thesedifferences are even more evident, due to the lower level of organ maturation and to ongoing cell differentiation.One of the most remarkable finding in preterm tissues is the presence of huge amounts of stem/progenitor cells inmultiple organs, including kidney, brain, heart, adrenals, and lungs. In other organs, such as liver, the completelydifferent burden of cell types in preterm infants is mainly related to the different function of the liver duringgestation, mainly focused on hematopoiesis, a function that is taken by bone marrow after birth. Our preliminarystudies showed that the antigens expressed by stem/progenitors differ significantly from one organ to the next.Moreover, within each developing human tissue, reactivity for different stem cell markers also changes duringgestation, according with the multiple differentiation steps encountered by each progenitor during development. Abetter knowledge of stem/progenitor cells of preterms will allow neonatologists to boost preterm organmaturation, favoring the differentiation of the multiple cells types that characterize each organ in at term neonates.展开更多
Objective:To identify the occurrence of the amniotic deformity adhesions,mutilation(ADAM)complex and imperative role of fetal autopsy in diagnosing this condition.Methods:A retrospective descriptive study spanning nin...Objective:To identify the occurrence of the amniotic deformity adhesions,mutilation(ADAM)complex and imperative role of fetal autopsy in diagnosing this condition.Methods:A retrospective descriptive study spanning nine years,from January 2014 to January 2022,was conducted at the Department of Pathology within a tertiary care hospital in South India.The study focused on analyzing the clinical presentation,prenatal ultrasonogram,and morphological features of fetuses with the ADAM complex,limb body wall complex,or amniotic bands.Results:Among the 438 fetuses assessed during the study period,five fetuses showed features of the ADAM complex(0.01%).The most frequent gestational age observed was 12–18 weeks andmost fetuseswere female.The common anomaly encountered was limb defects,followed by abdominal and cranial anomalies.Conclusion:The diagnosis of the ADAM complex relies primarily on fetal autopsy to differentiate it from similar conditions like anencephaly or body-stalk anomalies.The pathologist plays a crucial role in understanding the complexities of the ADAM complex.Advanced antenatal imaging and therapies offer potential for prevention through improved counseling.展开更多
The safety and feasibility of anesthesia during pregnancy are the public concern to human and veterinary medicines,respiratory and cardiac suppression is the most serious side effect of anesthetic. In order to evaluat...The safety and feasibility of anesthesia during pregnancy are the public concern to human and veterinary medicines,respiratory and cardiac suppression is the most serious side effect of anesthetic. In order to evaluate the effects of Enflurane on pregnant dogs their fetuses,we established the animal model of the artery catheterization,and investigated the maternal and fetal anesthetic concentrations as well as blood gases in the pregnant dogs anesthetized by inhalation of Enflurane. In this experiment,the femoral artery catheterization of 12 pregnant dogs and their 12 fetuses were performed through the anterior tibia artery by using 17 G and 18 G arterial puncture needle,4F expanded tube,3 F induction tube and the C-arm monitoring system. The results showed that the fetuses survived in uterus for 36 h (two cases),4 ~ 5 d (two cases),6 ~7 d (three cases),8 ~10 d (three cases) and 12 ~14 d (two cases) after operation,respectively. 10 fetuses that survived over 4 days in uterus after the operation were successfully delivered. The fetuses were healthy and their catheters were kept well,the other two pregnant dogs aborted their fetuses. After establishing the model successfully,Atropine sulfate in dose of 0. 04 mg/kg bw were injected into cutaneous muscle of dogs in right clinostatism. 15 minutes later after application of Atropine sulfate,the induced anesthesia was carried out by vein injection of 2. 5% Pentothal sodium (10 mg/kg/bw). The tracheal cannula was performed and the dogs were anesthetized for 10 min by Enflurane inhalation from anesthetic machine. Subsequently,the respiratory rate of experimental animals was controlled to 20-22 times/min by a mechanical ventilator,and the tidal volume was 13 ~ 15 mL/kg/bw. The maternal and fetal arterial anesthetic concentrations and blood gases including pH,PO 2,PCO 2,TCO 2,HCO 3-,SB,BEb and Sat. O 2 were measured after Enflurane inhalation anesthesia. The results showed Enflurane can cross placenta and reach fetal blood. The arterial anesthetic concentrations in fetuses were lower than that in their mothers,but the changes of anesthetic concentrations in fetuses were very similar to their mothers. The pH and BEb in the maternal and fetal blood were significantly lower (P 【 0. 01 or 0. 05),PO 2,PCO 2,and Sat. O 2 were significantly higher (P 【 0. 01 or 0. 05),compared to the prior anesthesia. SB decreased,HCO 3-and T-CO 2 increased (P 】 0. 05) in the early stage of anesthesia,but there were no significant difference after and before anesthesia. These results indicated that Enflurane crosses the placenta very quickly in dogs and is characterized by the quick induction anesthesia and elimination in the body. There were slight respiratory and metabolic acidosis in the period of anesthesia in both pregnant dogs and their fetus and the state were gradually restored to normal with the elimination of the Enflurane in blood. Taken together,Enfluence should be considerated the candidate for the induction and maintenance anesthesia for veterinary and human medicine.展开更多
Introduction Aortic arch anomalies are congenital malformations of the position or branching of the aortic arch,or both.Double aortic arch(DAA)is a very rare malformation,affecting approximately 0.005%~0.007% of fetus...Introduction Aortic arch anomalies are congenital malformations of the position or branching of the aortic arch,or both.Double aortic arch(DAA)is a very rare malformation,affecting approximately 0.005%~0.007% of fetuses[1],and there has been no relevant literature mentioning the prenatal finding DAA in Macao till now.展开更多
Fetal intracranial tumors are rare,accounting for approximately 0.5%–1.9%of all pediatric tumors,though the true incidence may be underestimated.These tumors often present with distinct histopathological features,ima...Fetal intracranial tumors are rare,accounting for approximately 0.5%–1.9%of all pediatric tumors,though the true incidence may be underestimated.These tumors often present with distinct histopathological features,imaging characteristics,and clinical behavior compared to their postnatal counterparts.This review summarizes the current understanding of the prenatal diagnosis and characterization of fetal brain tumors,with a particular focus on the role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).We discuss the advantages of advanced MR sequences in enhancing lesion detection and anatomical delineation following suspicious findings on obstetric ultrasound.Common tumor types encountered in utero—including teratomas,as-trocytomas,medulloblastomas,choroid plexus papillomas,and craniopharyngiomas—are reviewed in terms of imaging fea-tures,differential diagnosis,and clinical implications.Furthermore,the review addresses the diagnostic challenges,prognostic considerations,and the potential role of fetal MRI in guiding perinatal management and parental counseling.展开更多
Background:Congenital heart disease(CHD)results from abnormal heart development during fetal development,leading to life-threatening complications.This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of applying myocardial pa...Background:Congenital heart disease(CHD)results from abnormal heart development during fetal development,leading to life-threatening complications.This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of applying myocardial parametric mapping in post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging and to examine differences in the left ventricular myocardium between fetuses with CHD and controls.Methods:This prospective case–control study was conducted on 14 deceased fetuses with CHD(CHD group)and 24 fetuses without CHD(control group).Fetuses with CHD were further stratified into the cyanotic(n=9)and non-cyanotic(n=5)CHD groups.T1,T2,and proton density relaxation times of the left ventricular myocardium were calculated and compared using multiple-dynamic multiple-echo post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging technology.Results:The myocardial T2 relaxation time was significantly different between the groups(p=0.033),with no difference in T1 or proton density relaxation times between the groups.A one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's test showed that the mean cyanotic CHD group showed a longer myocardial T2 relaxation time than the control group(98.00013.143 vs.83.5429.491 ms,p=0.003).Additionally,the correlation coefficient in the CHD group was significantly different between the myocardial T2 relaxation time and peak systolic velocity of pulmonary artery on a fetal echocardiogram(r2=0.681,p=0.010).Conclusions:These results suggest that using myocardial alterations in the T2 relaxation time may provide a accurate early warning for myocardial injury and enable noninvasive recognition of cardiac involvement in fetuses with CHD.展开更多
A pregnant woman underwent fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)following ultrasound detection of a posterior fossa cyst at 29 weeks'gestation.She presented with no relevant medical history and underwent a r...A pregnant woman underwent fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)following ultrasound detection of a posterior fossa cyst at 29 weeks'gestation.She presented with no relevant medical history and underwent a routine obstetric examination during pregnancy.The fetal head position,fetal cranial development,and limb development remained normal until 29 weeks.展开更多
During pregnancy,maternal immune activation(MIA),due to infection,chronic inflammatory disorders,or toxic exposures,can result in lasting health impacts on the developing fetus.MIA has been associated with an increase...During pregnancy,maternal immune activation(MIA),due to infection,chronic inflammatory disorders,or toxic exposures,can result in lasting health impacts on the developing fetus.MIA has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders,such as autism spectrum disorder(ASD)in the offspring.ASD is characterized by increased repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and decreased sociability.As of 2020,1 in 36 children are diagnosed with ASD by the age of 8 years,with ASD rates continuing to increase in prevalence in USA(Tamayo et al.,2023).Post-mortem brain studies,biomarker and transcriptomic studies,and epidemiology studies have provided compelling evidence of immune dysregulation in the circulation and brain of individuals diagnosed with ASD.Currently,the etiology of ASD is largely unknown,however,genetic components and environmental factors can contribute to increased susceptibility.Maternal allergic asthma(MAA),a form of MIA,has been identified as a potential risk factor for developing neurodevelopmental disorders(Patel et al.,2020).Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition driven by a T-helper type(TH)2 immune response.展开更多
Objective:To explore the correlation between fetal foot length measured by ultrasound and gestational age.Methods:This study employed ultrasound to measure the fetal foot length,femoral length,and foot length/femoral ...Objective:To explore the correlation between fetal foot length measured by ultrasound and gestational age.Methods:This study employed ultrasound to measure the fetal foot length,femoral length,and foot length/femoral length ratio in 214 pregnant women from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation,all of whom had no pregnancy complications or obstetric complications,and whose fetuses were normal.Results:A significant positive correlation was found between fetal foot length and gestational age(r=0.967,p<0.001);a similarly significant positive correlation was observed between fetal femoral length and gestational age(r=0.972,p<0.001);and a non-significant positive correlation was noted between the foot length/femoral length ratio and gestational age(r=0.943,p<0.001).Conclusion:Ultrasound can accurately measure fetal foot length and femoral length,both of which exhibit a significant positive correlation with gestational age,making them important reference indicators for assessing fetal growth and development.展开更多
寄生胎(fetus in fetu,FIF)是一种先天性疾病,遗传学上又称“胎内胎”,指完整胎体的某部分寄生有另一个或几个不完整的胎体,这种异常的胚胎发育方式极少见,其发病率约为1/500 000,男女比例无明显差异[1]。因其好发部位为腹膜后及腹腔,...寄生胎(fetus in fetu,FIF)是一种先天性疾病,遗传学上又称“胎内胎”,指完整胎体的某部分寄生有另一个或几个不完整的胎体,这种异常的胚胎发育方式极少见,其发病率约为1/500 000,男女比例无明显差异[1]。因其好发部位为腹膜后及腹腔,临床表现为逐渐增大的腹部包块,常需与腹部肿瘤相鉴别。本文收集宁波大学附属妇女儿童医院2015年收治的腹膜后寄生胎2例,探讨其诊治过程并结合文献复习,现报道如下。展开更多
BACKGROUND Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation(CCAM)and bronchopulmonary sequestration(BPS)are the most common lung diseases in fetuses.There are differences in the prognosis and treatment of CCAM and BPS,and t...BACKGROUND Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation(CCAM)and bronchopulmonary sequestration(BPS)are the most common lung diseases in fetuses.There are differences in the prognosis and treatment of CCAM and BPS,and the clinical diagnosis and treatment plan is usually prepared prior to birth.Therefore,it is quite necessary to make a clear diagnosis before delivery.CCAM and BPS have similar imaging features,and the differentiation mainly relies on the difference in supply vessels.However,it is hard to distinguish them due to invisible supplying vessels on some images.AIM To explore the application value of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the differential diagnosis of fetal CCAM and BPS.METHODS Data analysis for 32 fetuses with CCAM and 14 with BPS diagnosed by prenatal MRI at Huzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 was performed to observe the source blood vessels of lesions and their direction.Pathological confirmation was completed through CT examination and/or operations after birth.RESULTS After birth,31 cases after birth were confirmed to be CCAM,and 15 were confirmed to be BPS.The CCAM group consisted of 21 macrocystic cases and 10 microcystic cases.In 18 cases,blood vessels were visible in lesions.Blood supply of the pulmonary artery could be traced in eight cases,and in 10 cases,only vessels running from the midline to the lateral down direction were observed.No lesions were found in four macrocystic cases and one microcystic case with CCAM through CT after birth;two were misdiagnosed by MRI,and three were misdiagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography.The BPS group consisted of 12 intralobar cases and three extralobar cases.Blood vessels were visible in lesions of nine cases,in four of which,the systemic circulation blood supply could be traced,and in five of which,only vessels running from the midline to the lateral up direction were observed.Three were misdiagnosed by MRI,and four were misdiagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography.CONCLUSION CCAM and BPS can be clearly diagnosed based on the origin of blood vessels,and correct diagnosis can be made according to the difference in the direction of the blood vessels,but it is hard distinguish microcystic CCAM and BPS without supplying vessels.In some CCAM cases,mainly the macrocystic ones,the lesions may disappear after birth.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effects of ethanol–water(80:20)extract of Marrubium vulgare(M.vulgare)on the hematological parameters,macroscopic and histological aspects of the uterus and fetus in non-pregnant and pregnan...Objective:To evaluate the effects of ethanol–water(80:20)extract of Marrubium vulgare(M.vulgare)on the hematological parameters,macroscopic and histological aspects of the uterus and fetus in non-pregnant and pregnant rats.Methods:Female rats were divided into 4 equal groups(n=9),group N(normal rats)and group G(pregnant rats)considered as control groups,group NE(normal rats treated with the ethanol–water(80:20,v/v)extract of M.vulgare)and group GE(pregnant rats treated with the extract).The ethanol–water(80:20)plant extract was administered in a single daily dose 1 g/kg at the morning,during 19 d.On the 19 day of the experiment,animals were sacrificed,the uterus and fetuses were removed for the morphological and histological studies and the blood was collected in EDTA tubes for the measurement of hematological parameters with the use of an automate‘HORIBA ABX Micros 60 Hematology Analyzer'.Results:Our results showed,in group NE and GE,a significant decrease on hematological parameters:red blood cells(NE:18.6%;GE:38.4%),hematocrit(NE:13.8%;GE:20.4%),hemoglobin(NE:12.1%;GE:8.3%)and mean corpuscular volume(NE:6.4%;GE:2%)with P more less a 0.05.Indeed,the extract of M.vulgare caused a significant decrease on the mean implantations of fetuses(82.5%,P<0.001)and their size(47.2%,P<0.01).As for the macroscopic and histological appearance of uterus,our data showed no change in normal treated rats.In contrast,the treated pregnant rats showed a severe histological change characterized by the existence of location of stopped gestation.Furthermore,it was also found in the uterus of these rat lyses placental and embryo tissue.Conclusions:All these results support the hypothesis of an abortifacient effect of M.vulgare.展开更多
基金supported by the Innovation Platform Project of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(No.WJ2017H0003)
文摘The present study aimed to examine the value of ultrasonic soft markers in prenatal screening by analyzing the clinical outcome of fetuses with ultrasonic soft markers during the second trimester of pregnancy. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the outcome of 591 fetuses with ultrasonic soft markers from January 2015 to August 2016 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China. It was found that 591 fetuses showed ultrasonic soft markers in 4927 cases with the occurrence rate being 12.0%. Among them, 564 fetuses（95.4%） were delivered and the remaining 27 cases（4.6%） were aborted. Five hundred and sixty-seven cases had single ultrasonic soft marker, including echogenic intracardiac focus（n=343）, mild renal pelvis dilatation（n=116）, short long bones（n=72）, single umbilical artery（n=31）, mild lateral ventriculomegaly（n=21）, choroid plexus cysts（n=19）, and echogenic bowel（n=13）, with the disappearing rates in pregnancy being 97.1%（333/343）, 77.6%（90/116）, 0%（0/72）, 0%（0/31）, 57.1%（12/21）, 89.5%（17/19） and 61.5%（8/13） respectively. The rate of pregnancy termination due to single ultrasonic soft marker was 3.4%（19/567）, and that was 33.3%（8/24） due to two ultrasonic soft markers with the difference being statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The reasons of pregnancy termination included malformations（polycystic kidney, cleft lip and palate, congenital heart diseases, pcromphalus, hypospadias, hydrocephalus）, chromosome abnormality, and stillbirth. It was concluded that single ultrasonic soft marker is usually transient manifestation in pregnancy. Without the other structural defects, single ultrasonic soft marker usually disappears spontaneously with favorable prognosis in a low-risk population. It is suggested that ultrasonic soft markers should be appropriately interpreted to avoid unnecessary invasive examination.
基金financial support from the French National Agency for Research(PORCINET project,ANR-09-GENMOO5)supported by grants from Biogenouest,IBi SA and Conseil Regional de Bretagne(France)
文摘Background: The degree of adipose tissue development at birth may influence neonatal survival and subsequent health outcomes. Despite their lower birth weights, piglets from Meishan sows(a fat breed with excellent maternal ability) have a higher survival rate than piglets from Large White sows(a lean breed). To identify the main pathways involved in subcutaneous adipose tissue maturation during the last month of gestation, we compared the proteome and the expression levels of some genes at d 90 and d 110 of gestation in purebred and crossbred Large White or Meishan fetuses gestated by sows of either breed.Results: A total of 52 proteins in fetal subcutaneous adipose tissue were identified as differential y expressed over the course of gestation. Many proteins involved in energy metabolism were more abundant, whereas some proteins participating in cytoskeleton organization were reduced in abundance on d 110 compared with d 90. Irrespective of age,24 proteins differed in abundance between fetal genotypes, and an interaction effect between fetal age and genotype was observed for 13 proteins. The abundance levels of proteins known to be responsive to nutrient levels such as aldolase and fatty acid binding proteins, as wel as the expression levels of FASN, a key lipogenic enzyme, and MLXIPL, a pivotal transcriptional mediator of glucose-related stimulation of lipogenic genes, were elevated in the adipose tissue of pure and crossbred fetuses from Meishan sows. These data suggested that the adipose tissue of these fetuses had superior metabolic functionality, whatever their paternal genes. Conversely, proteins participating in redox homeostasis and apoptotic cel clearance had a lower abundance in Meishan than in Large White fetuses. Time-course differences in adipose tissue protein abundance were revealed between fetal genotypes for a few secreted proteins participating in responses to organic substances, such as alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, transferrin and albumin.Conclusions: These results underline the importance of not only fetal age but also maternal intrauterine environment in the regulation of several proteins in subcutaneous adipose tissue. These proteins may be used to estimate the maturity grade of piglet neonates.
文摘BACKGROUND Heart defects are the most common congenital malformations in fetuses.Fetal cardiac structure and function abnormalities lead to changes in ventricular volume.As ventricular volume is an important index for evaluating fetal cardiovascular development,an effective and reliable method for measuring fetal ventricular volume and cardiac function is necessary for accurate ultrasonic diagnosis and effective clinical treatment.The new intelligent spatiotemporal image correlation(iSTIC)technology acquires high-resolution volumetric images.In this study,the iSTIC technique was used to measure right ventricular volume and to evaluate right ventricular systolic function to provide a more accurate and convenient evaluation of fetal heart function.AIM To investigate the value of iSTIC in evaluating right ventricular volume and systolic function in normal fetuses.METHODS Between October 2014 and September 2015,a total of 123 pregnant women received prenatal ultrasound examinations in our hospital.iSTIC technology was used to acquire the entire fetal cardiac volume with off-line analysis using QLAB software.Cardiac systolic and diastolic phases were defined by opening of the atrioventricular valve and the subsequent closure of the atrioventricular valve.The volumetric data of the two phases were measured by manual tracking and summation of multiple slices and recording of the right ventricular end-systolic volume and the right ventricular end-diastolic volume.The data were used to calculate the right stroke volume,the right cardiac output,and the right ejection fraction.The correlations of changes between the above-mentioned indices and gestational age were analyzed.The right ventricular volumes of 30 randomly selected cases were measured twice by the same sonographer,and the intraobserver agreement measurements were calculated.RESULTS Among the 123 normal fetuses,the mean right ventricular end-diastolic volume increased from 0.99±0.34 mL at 22 wk gestation to 3.69±0.36 mL at 35+6 wk gestation.The mean right ventricular end-systolic volume increased from 0.43±0.18 mL at 22 wk gestation to 1.36±0.22 mL at 35+6 wk gestation.The mean right stroke volume increased from 0.62±0.29 mL at 22 wk gestation to 2.33±0.18 mL at 35+6 wk gestation.The mean right cardiac output increased from 92.23±40.67 mL/min at 22 wk gestation to 335.83±32.75 mL/min at 35+6 wk gestation.Right ventricular end-diastolic volume,right ventricular end-systolic volume,right stroke volume,and right cardiac output all increased with gestational age and the correlations were linear(P<0.01).Right ejection fraction had no apparent correlation with gestational age(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Fetal right ventricular volume can be quantitatively measured using iSTIC technology with relative ease and high repeatability.iSTIC technology is expected to provide a new method for clinical evaluation of fetal cardiac function.
文摘We followed up 1576 pennant women prospectively from less than 24 weeks of pregnancy,in order to investigate the effect of HBsAg antigenemia on fetuses and infants.The resultsshowed that there was no difference between HBsAg-positive and negative pregnant women in the incidence of fetal distress,Premature labor,asphyxia neonatorum, perinatal death,low birth weight,and congenital malformation,P= 0. 6035, 0.2177,0.8722,0.4673,0.9508,and 0.7892,respectively.
文摘Purpose: Surfactant proteins exist in the digestive tract and may play an important role in the host defense. However, the expression of surfactant proteins in the premature digestive system remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of surfactant proteins in the intes-tines and pancreas of murine fetuses. Methods: Immunostaining for SP-A and SP-D was assessed in the small intestine and pancreas of ICR murine fetuses on days 15, 16, 17 and 18 of gestation (normal duration of pregnancy: 19 - 21 days). RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of spa and spd mRNA in the small intestine and pancreas on day 16, 17 and 18 of gestation. Results: Immunoreactivity for SP-A and SP-D in the acinar cells of pancreas and intestinal mucosal surface were positive on day 16 of gestation onward. RT-PCR revealed that the expression of spa and spd mRNA was significant in the pancreas but weak in the small intestine. Conclusions: Our data revealed that surfactant proteins are present in the fetal intestines and pancreas and that a significant expression of spa and spd mRNA is detected in the fetal pancreas. Pancreas may be a possible organ involved in the synthesis and secretion of surfactant proteins into the intestinal lumen.
文摘Background Umbilical cord around neck, a common obstetric complication, affects fetal hemodynamics. Does it influence fetal cardiac functions？ The purpose of this study was to investigate the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck in the third trimester by applying velocity vector imaging （VVI）. Methods Thirty-five cases of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck whose gestational ages from 35 to 40 weeks were selected, including 20 cases of umbilical artery ratio of the highest systolic velocity （S） to the lowest diastolic velocity （D） （S/D） 〈3.0 and 15 cases of umbilical artery S/D ≥3.0, while 20 cases of normal fetuses of 35–40 gestational weeks were selected as the control group. The changes in longitudinal velocity, strain, and strain rate of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole in two groups, and the changes in fetal cardiac function under the situation of umbilical cord around neck were analyzed.Results Longitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole were less in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D 33.0 and umbilical cord around neck than those in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D 〈3.0 and those in control group （P 〈0.05）; there was no significant difference （P 〉0.05） in longitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole between fetuses with umbilical artery S/D 〈3.0 and those in control group.Conclusions Left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction was detected in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck and umbilical artery S/D 33.0. VVI could sensitively respond to cardiac function changes in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck, which provides another valuable method in the evaluation of fetal cardiac function.
文摘Background Gap junction channels formed by connexin43 (Cx43) protein are important in cardiac morphogenesis, and Cx43 gene is thought to be associated with congenital heart malformation (CHM). This study was undertaken to detect the mutations of Cx43 in fetuses with CHM.Methods Cx43 extron DNA was amplified by PCR from 16 fetuses with a variety of CHM. The PCR products were analyzed by SSCP and DNA sequencing. Thirty children who had no CHM were selected as controls. Results Eight homozygous mutations of Cx43 were observed in a fetus with double outlet right ventricule (DORV), five of the 8 mutations were missense mutations including Arg239Trp, Ser251Thr, Ala253Pro, Pro283Leu and Thr290Asn, and the remaining 3 were silent polymorphisms including Gly252Gly, Pro256Pro and Thr275Thr. No mutations were found in other fetuses and the control group.Conclusions Mutations of Cx43 may be associated with congenital conotruncal anomalies. PCR-SSCP is an effective method for screening the mutations of Cx43.
文摘Microanatomy of the vast majority of human organs at birth is characterized by marked differences as compared toadult organs, regarding their architecture and the cell types detectable at histology. In preterm neonates, thesedifferences are even more evident, due to the lower level of organ maturation and to ongoing cell differentiation.One of the most remarkable finding in preterm tissues is the presence of huge amounts of stem/progenitor cells inmultiple organs, including kidney, brain, heart, adrenals, and lungs. In other organs, such as liver, the completelydifferent burden of cell types in preterm infants is mainly related to the different function of the liver duringgestation, mainly focused on hematopoiesis, a function that is taken by bone marrow after birth. Our preliminarystudies showed that the antigens expressed by stem/progenitors differ significantly from one organ to the next.Moreover, within each developing human tissue, reactivity for different stem cell markers also changes duringgestation, according with the multiple differentiation steps encountered by each progenitor during development. Abetter knowledge of stem/progenitor cells of preterms will allow neonatologists to boost preterm organmaturation, favoring the differentiation of the multiple cells types that characterize each organ in at term neonates.
文摘Objective:To identify the occurrence of the amniotic deformity adhesions,mutilation(ADAM)complex and imperative role of fetal autopsy in diagnosing this condition.Methods:A retrospective descriptive study spanning nine years,from January 2014 to January 2022,was conducted at the Department of Pathology within a tertiary care hospital in South India.The study focused on analyzing the clinical presentation,prenatal ultrasonogram,and morphological features of fetuses with the ADAM complex,limb body wall complex,or amniotic bands.Results:Among the 438 fetuses assessed during the study period,five fetuses showed features of the ADAM complex(0.01%).The most frequent gestational age observed was 12–18 weeks andmost fetuseswere female.The common anomaly encountered was limb defects,followed by abdominal and cranial anomalies.Conclusion:The diagnosis of the ADAM complex relies primarily on fetal autopsy to differentiate it from similar conditions like anencephaly or body-stalk anomalies.The pathologist plays a crucial role in understanding the complexities of the ADAM complex.Advanced antenatal imaging and therapies offer potential for prevention through improved counseling.
文摘The safety and feasibility of anesthesia during pregnancy are the public concern to human and veterinary medicines,respiratory and cardiac suppression is the most serious side effect of anesthetic. In order to evaluate the effects of Enflurane on pregnant dogs their fetuses,we established the animal model of the artery catheterization,and investigated the maternal and fetal anesthetic concentrations as well as blood gases in the pregnant dogs anesthetized by inhalation of Enflurane. In this experiment,the femoral artery catheterization of 12 pregnant dogs and their 12 fetuses were performed through the anterior tibia artery by using 17 G and 18 G arterial puncture needle,4F expanded tube,3 F induction tube and the C-arm monitoring system. The results showed that the fetuses survived in uterus for 36 h (two cases),4 ~ 5 d (two cases),6 ~7 d (three cases),8 ~10 d (three cases) and 12 ~14 d (two cases) after operation,respectively. 10 fetuses that survived over 4 days in uterus after the operation were successfully delivered. The fetuses were healthy and their catheters were kept well,the other two pregnant dogs aborted their fetuses. After establishing the model successfully,Atropine sulfate in dose of 0. 04 mg/kg bw were injected into cutaneous muscle of dogs in right clinostatism. 15 minutes later after application of Atropine sulfate,the induced anesthesia was carried out by vein injection of 2. 5% Pentothal sodium (10 mg/kg/bw). The tracheal cannula was performed and the dogs were anesthetized for 10 min by Enflurane inhalation from anesthetic machine. Subsequently,the respiratory rate of experimental animals was controlled to 20-22 times/min by a mechanical ventilator,and the tidal volume was 13 ~ 15 mL/kg/bw. The maternal and fetal arterial anesthetic concentrations and blood gases including pH,PO 2,PCO 2,TCO 2,HCO 3-,SB,BEb and Sat. O 2 were measured after Enflurane inhalation anesthesia. The results showed Enflurane can cross placenta and reach fetal blood. The arterial anesthetic concentrations in fetuses were lower than that in their mothers,but the changes of anesthetic concentrations in fetuses were very similar to their mothers. The pH and BEb in the maternal and fetal blood were significantly lower (P 【 0. 01 or 0. 05),PO 2,PCO 2,and Sat. O 2 were significantly higher (P 【 0. 01 or 0. 05),compared to the prior anesthesia. SB decreased,HCO 3-and T-CO 2 increased (P 】 0. 05) in the early stage of anesthesia,but there were no significant difference after and before anesthesia. These results indicated that Enflurane crosses the placenta very quickly in dogs and is characterized by the quick induction anesthesia and elimination in the body. There were slight respiratory and metabolic acidosis in the period of anesthesia in both pregnant dogs and their fetus and the state were gradually restored to normal with the elimination of the Enflurane in blood. Taken together,Enfluence should be considerated the candidate for the induction and maintenance anesthesia for veterinary and human medicine.
文摘Introduction Aortic arch anomalies are congenital malformations of the position or branching of the aortic arch,or both.Double aortic arch(DAA)is a very rare malformation,affecting approximately 0.005%~0.007% of fetuses[1],and there has been no relevant literature mentioning the prenatal finding DAA in Macao till now.
基金supported by the Medical Innovation Research Special Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant/Award Number:23Y11907800)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant/Award Number:YG2023ZD22)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Child Brain and Development(Grant/Award Number:24dz2260100).
文摘Fetal intracranial tumors are rare,accounting for approximately 0.5%–1.9%of all pediatric tumors,though the true incidence may be underestimated.These tumors often present with distinct histopathological features,imaging characteristics,and clinical behavior compared to their postnatal counterparts.This review summarizes the current understanding of the prenatal diagnosis and characterization of fetal brain tumors,with a particular focus on the role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).We discuss the advantages of advanced MR sequences in enhancing lesion detection and anatomical delineation following suspicious findings on obstetric ultrasound.Common tumor types encountered in utero—including teratomas,as-trocytomas,medulloblastomas,choroid plexus papillomas,and craniopharyngiomas—are reviewed in terms of imaging fea-tures,differential diagnosis,and clinical implications.Furthermore,the review addresses the diagnostic challenges,prognostic considerations,and the potential role of fetal MRI in guiding perinatal management and parental counseling.
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant/Award number:ZCLTGY24H0401)Education Department of Zhejiang Province(Grant/Award number:Y202352970).
文摘Background:Congenital heart disease(CHD)results from abnormal heart development during fetal development,leading to life-threatening complications.This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of applying myocardial parametric mapping in post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging and to examine differences in the left ventricular myocardium between fetuses with CHD and controls.Methods:This prospective case–control study was conducted on 14 deceased fetuses with CHD(CHD group)and 24 fetuses without CHD(control group).Fetuses with CHD were further stratified into the cyanotic(n=9)and non-cyanotic(n=5)CHD groups.T1,T2,and proton density relaxation times of the left ventricular myocardium were calculated and compared using multiple-dynamic multiple-echo post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging technology.Results:The myocardial T2 relaxation time was significantly different between the groups(p=0.033),with no difference in T1 or proton density relaxation times between the groups.A one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's test showed that the mean cyanotic CHD group showed a longer myocardial T2 relaxation time than the control group(98.00013.143 vs.83.5429.491 ms,p=0.003).Additionally,the correlation coefficient in the CHD group was significantly different between the myocardial T2 relaxation time and peak systolic velocity of pulmonary artery on a fetal echocardiogram(r2=0.681,p=0.010).Conclusions:These results suggest that using myocardial alterations in the T2 relaxation time may provide a accurate early warning for myocardial injury and enable noninvasive recognition of cardiac involvement in fetuses with CHD.
基金supported by China Society for Maternal and Child Health Research(Grant/Award Number:2023CAMCHS003A17).
文摘A pregnant woman underwent fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)following ultrasound detection of a posterior fossa cyst at 29 weeks'gestation.She presented with no relevant medical history and underwent a routine obstetric examination during pregnancy.The fetal head position,fetal cranial development,and limb development remained normal until 29 weeks.
基金supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences(R21ES035492,R21ES035969)National Institutes of Child Health(R01HD090214)(to PA).
文摘During pregnancy,maternal immune activation(MIA),due to infection,chronic inflammatory disorders,or toxic exposures,can result in lasting health impacts on the developing fetus.MIA has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders,such as autism spectrum disorder(ASD)in the offspring.ASD is characterized by increased repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and decreased sociability.As of 2020,1 in 36 children are diagnosed with ASD by the age of 8 years,with ASD rates continuing to increase in prevalence in USA(Tamayo et al.,2023).Post-mortem brain studies,biomarker and transcriptomic studies,and epidemiology studies have provided compelling evidence of immune dysregulation in the circulation and brain of individuals diagnosed with ASD.Currently,the etiology of ASD is largely unknown,however,genetic components and environmental factors can contribute to increased susceptibility.Maternal allergic asthma(MAA),a form of MIA,has been identified as a potential risk factor for developing neurodevelopmental disorders(Patel et al.,2020).Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition driven by a T-helper type(TH)2 immune response.
文摘Objective:To explore the correlation between fetal foot length measured by ultrasound and gestational age.Methods:This study employed ultrasound to measure the fetal foot length,femoral length,and foot length/femoral length ratio in 214 pregnant women from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation,all of whom had no pregnancy complications or obstetric complications,and whose fetuses were normal.Results:A significant positive correlation was found between fetal foot length and gestational age(r=0.967,p<0.001);a similarly significant positive correlation was observed between fetal femoral length and gestational age(r=0.972,p<0.001);and a non-significant positive correlation was noted between the foot length/femoral length ratio and gestational age(r=0.943,p<0.001).Conclusion:Ultrasound can accurately measure fetal foot length and femoral length,both of which exhibit a significant positive correlation with gestational age,making them important reference indicators for assessing fetal growth and development.
文摘寄生胎(fetus in fetu,FIF)是一种先天性疾病,遗传学上又称“胎内胎”,指完整胎体的某部分寄生有另一个或几个不完整的胎体,这种异常的胚胎发育方式极少见,其发病率约为1/500 000,男女比例无明显差异[1]。因其好发部位为腹膜后及腹腔,临床表现为逐渐增大的腹部包块,常需与腹部肿瘤相鉴别。本文收集宁波大学附属妇女儿童医院2015年收治的腹膜后寄生胎2例,探讨其诊治过程并结合文献复习,现报道如下。
基金Supported by Huzhou Science and Technology Plan of Zhejiang Province,No.2018GYB75.
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation(CCAM)and bronchopulmonary sequestration(BPS)are the most common lung diseases in fetuses.There are differences in the prognosis and treatment of CCAM and BPS,and the clinical diagnosis and treatment plan is usually prepared prior to birth.Therefore,it is quite necessary to make a clear diagnosis before delivery.CCAM and BPS have similar imaging features,and the differentiation mainly relies on the difference in supply vessels.However,it is hard to distinguish them due to invisible supplying vessels on some images.AIM To explore the application value of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the differential diagnosis of fetal CCAM and BPS.METHODS Data analysis for 32 fetuses with CCAM and 14 with BPS diagnosed by prenatal MRI at Huzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 was performed to observe the source blood vessels of lesions and their direction.Pathological confirmation was completed through CT examination and/or operations after birth.RESULTS After birth,31 cases after birth were confirmed to be CCAM,and 15 were confirmed to be BPS.The CCAM group consisted of 21 macrocystic cases and 10 microcystic cases.In 18 cases,blood vessels were visible in lesions.Blood supply of the pulmonary artery could be traced in eight cases,and in 10 cases,only vessels running from the midline to the lateral down direction were observed.No lesions were found in four macrocystic cases and one microcystic case with CCAM through CT after birth;two were misdiagnosed by MRI,and three were misdiagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography.The BPS group consisted of 12 intralobar cases and three extralobar cases.Blood vessels were visible in lesions of nine cases,in four of which,the systemic circulation blood supply could be traced,and in five of which,only vessels running from the midline to the lateral up direction were observed.Three were misdiagnosed by MRI,and four were misdiagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography.CONCLUSION CCAM and BPS can be clearly diagnosed based on the origin of blood vessels,and correct diagnosis can be made according to the difference in the direction of the blood vessels,but it is hard distinguish microcystic CCAM and BPS without supplying vessels.In some CCAM cases,mainly the macrocystic ones,the lesions may disappear after birth.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Higher Education and Research,was conducted in laboratory of research:Monitoring and nutritional epidemiology in Tunisia,LR 12SP05
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effects of ethanol–water(80:20)extract of Marrubium vulgare(M.vulgare)on the hematological parameters,macroscopic and histological aspects of the uterus and fetus in non-pregnant and pregnant rats.Methods:Female rats were divided into 4 equal groups(n=9),group N(normal rats)and group G(pregnant rats)considered as control groups,group NE(normal rats treated with the ethanol–water(80:20,v/v)extract of M.vulgare)and group GE(pregnant rats treated with the extract).The ethanol–water(80:20)plant extract was administered in a single daily dose 1 g/kg at the morning,during 19 d.On the 19 day of the experiment,animals were sacrificed,the uterus and fetuses were removed for the morphological and histological studies and the blood was collected in EDTA tubes for the measurement of hematological parameters with the use of an automate‘HORIBA ABX Micros 60 Hematology Analyzer'.Results:Our results showed,in group NE and GE,a significant decrease on hematological parameters:red blood cells(NE:18.6%;GE:38.4%),hematocrit(NE:13.8%;GE:20.4%),hemoglobin(NE:12.1%;GE:8.3%)and mean corpuscular volume(NE:6.4%;GE:2%)with P more less a 0.05.Indeed,the extract of M.vulgare caused a significant decrease on the mean implantations of fetuses(82.5%,P<0.001)and their size(47.2%,P<0.01).As for the macroscopic and histological appearance of uterus,our data showed no change in normal treated rats.In contrast,the treated pregnant rats showed a severe histological change characterized by the existence of location of stopped gestation.Furthermore,it was also found in the uterus of these rat lyses placental and embryo tissue.Conclusions:All these results support the hypothesis of an abortifacient effect of M.vulgare.
