Six criteria were used to evaluate 12 metrics for their sensitivity to effluent flowing from the Ferris-Haggarty copper mine into Haggarty Creek and then into Battle Creek West Fork.Through the evaluation process,we f...Six criteria were used to evaluate 12 metrics for their sensitivity to effluent flowing from the Ferris-Haggarty copper mine into Haggarty Creek and then into Battle Creek West Fork.Through the evaluation process,we found that the Shannon-Wiener index,the random runs value,and Ephemeroptera taxa richness appeared to best reflect the impacts that have occurred in both Haggarty Creek and Battle Creek West Fork.In addition,Ephemeroptera/Plecoptera/Trichoptera taxa richness,total taxa richness,and Plecoptera taxa richness,were useful in reflecting those impacts.In contrast,we found that the abundance ratios,the Hilsenhoff Biotic Index,as well as Trichoptera taxa richness,did not reflect the impacts that occurred in Haggarty Creek and Battle Creek West Fork.Finally,this study provided information about the benthic insect communities that are present in the impacted reaches of Haggarty Creek.Such information is needed to assess the potential of those reaches as habitat for the Colorado River cutthroat trout,Oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus,which is a species of special concern to the Wyoming Department of Game and Fish.展开更多
Maritime transportation, widely used both in international transport of goods and touristic purposes, has been identified as a significant source of ultrafine particles (UFP). In-land passenger ferry is a source of UF...Maritime transportation, widely used both in international transport of goods and touristic purposes, has been identified as a significant source of ultrafine particles (UFP). In-land passenger ferry is a source of UFP far less addressed;however, in locations with relatively high frequency of this transportation mode, it is expected that they contribute to an increase of their concentration. Moreover, the negative effects of UFP on human health and environment are known and therefore, monitoring UFP produced by ferries is vital to assess the degree of exposure of who work or live close to ferries’ terminals or downwind to their cruising path. This work aims to study the influence of in-land ferries activities on UFP in the urban/suburban areas near ferries’ terminals and downwind across the cruising path. The UFP monitoring campaign was carried out from September to December 2018 for 19 non-consecutive periods. The sampling sites were chosen in order to maximize measurements under downwind conditions and allow the association between ferry operation and UFP concentration response. Based on data collected, correlation analysis was performed between ferry’s traffic and particle number counting (PNC) of UFP, and also with meteorological variables. Results show an increase in PNC ranging from 25 to 197% during the third minute around a ferry movement and are moderate to positive significant correlations between PNC values and the number of ferry operations (r = 0.79 to r = 0.94), showing that UFP emitted by in-land ferries contributes to PNC increase. Moreover, negative correlations (r = -0.85 to r = -0.93) between PNC and wind intensity were also found.展开更多
In the Kigongo area of Mwanza Region,northwest Tanzania,fishmonger Neema Aisha remembers how the morning’s fresh catch would sour while she queued for the ferry,putting her business at risk.
提示:这是后非典时期新加坡传来的一则消息,新加坡在SARS肆虐时,标题中的Ferris Wheel,俗称“费里斯大转轮;大观览车”。所谓“费里斯转轮”,即一种在垂直转动的巨轮上挂有旋转时保持水平的座位的娱乐设施。其命名中的“费里斯”,即首...提示:这是后非典时期新加坡传来的一则消息,新加坡在SARS肆虐时,标题中的Ferris Wheel,俗称“费里斯大转轮;大观览车”。所谓“费里斯转轮”,即一种在垂直转动的巨轮上挂有旋转时保持水平的座位的娱乐设施。其命名中的“费里斯”,即首创这种设计的美国工程师George Washington Gale Ferris/乔治·华盛顿·盖尔·费里斯(1859-1896年)展开更多
文摘Six criteria were used to evaluate 12 metrics for their sensitivity to effluent flowing from the Ferris-Haggarty copper mine into Haggarty Creek and then into Battle Creek West Fork.Through the evaluation process,we found that the Shannon-Wiener index,the random runs value,and Ephemeroptera taxa richness appeared to best reflect the impacts that have occurred in both Haggarty Creek and Battle Creek West Fork.In addition,Ephemeroptera/Plecoptera/Trichoptera taxa richness,total taxa richness,and Plecoptera taxa richness,were useful in reflecting those impacts.In contrast,we found that the abundance ratios,the Hilsenhoff Biotic Index,as well as Trichoptera taxa richness,did not reflect the impacts that occurred in Haggarty Creek and Battle Creek West Fork.Finally,this study provided information about the benthic insect communities that are present in the impacted reaches of Haggarty Creek.Such information is needed to assess the potential of those reaches as habitat for the Colorado River cutthroat trout,Oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus,which is a species of special concern to the Wyoming Department of Game and Fish.
文摘Maritime transportation, widely used both in international transport of goods and touristic purposes, has been identified as a significant source of ultrafine particles (UFP). In-land passenger ferry is a source of UFP far less addressed;however, in locations with relatively high frequency of this transportation mode, it is expected that they contribute to an increase of their concentration. Moreover, the negative effects of UFP on human health and environment are known and therefore, monitoring UFP produced by ferries is vital to assess the degree of exposure of who work or live close to ferries’ terminals or downwind to their cruising path. This work aims to study the influence of in-land ferries activities on UFP in the urban/suburban areas near ferries’ terminals and downwind across the cruising path. The UFP monitoring campaign was carried out from September to December 2018 for 19 non-consecutive periods. The sampling sites were chosen in order to maximize measurements under downwind conditions and allow the association between ferry operation and UFP concentration response. Based on data collected, correlation analysis was performed between ferry’s traffic and particle number counting (PNC) of UFP, and also with meteorological variables. Results show an increase in PNC ranging from 25 to 197% during the third minute around a ferry movement and are moderate to positive significant correlations between PNC values and the number of ferry operations (r = 0.79 to r = 0.94), showing that UFP emitted by in-land ferries contributes to PNC increase. Moreover, negative correlations (r = -0.85 to r = -0.93) between PNC and wind intensity were also found.
文摘In the Kigongo area of Mwanza Region,northwest Tanzania,fishmonger Neema Aisha remembers how the morning’s fresh catch would sour while she queued for the ferry,putting her business at risk.
文摘提示:这是后非典时期新加坡传来的一则消息,新加坡在SARS肆虐时,标题中的Ferris Wheel,俗称“费里斯大转轮;大观览车”。所谓“费里斯转轮”,即一种在垂直转动的巨轮上挂有旋转时保持水平的座位的娱乐设施。其命名中的“费里斯”,即首创这种设计的美国工程师George Washington Gale Ferris/乔治·华盛顿·盖尔·费里斯(1859-1896年)
