Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant activity of Kaempferia(K.)parviflora rhizome extract and study its protective effect against male reproductive impairment induced by fenitrothion.Methods:The phytochemicals and an...Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant activity of Kaempferia(K.)parviflora rhizome extract and study its protective effect against male reproductive impairment induced by fenitrothion.Methods:The phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of K.parviflora ethanolic extract were assessed.Twenty-four male mice aged 4-weeks-old were assigned into four groups.Groups 1 to 4 respectively received extra virgin olive oil(served as the vehicle control),20 mg/kg body weight(bw)of fenitrothion,50 mg/kg bw of K.parviflora ethanolic extract,and 50 mg/kg bw of K.parviflora ethanolic extract plus 20 mg/kg bw of fenitrothion.Upon completion of 28 days of continuous feeding treatment,the mice were subjected to mating evaluation and the assessment of epididymal sperm quality,lipid peroxidation,testosterone level and histological evaluation.Results:Eight phytochemical compounds were detected in the ethanolic extract of K.parviflora via GC-MS.The extract exhibited a DPPH radical scavenging activity with an EC50 value of(0.870±0.007)mg/mL.Mice fed with fenitrothion in group 2 displayed an increase in relative testis weight,lipid peroxidation levels and a significant reduction in all sperm parameters(sperm concentration,progressive motility,and viability),as well as serum testosterone levels compared to the control mice in group 1(P<0.05).On the other hand,mice fed with K.parviflora ethanolic extract in group 3 showed a significant increase in serum testosterone levels compared to group 1.Mice co-administered with K.parviflora ethanolic extract and fenitrothion in group 4 exhibited a significant improvement in testosterone levels,sperm concentration,motility,and viability compared to the mice administered only with fenitrothion in group 2(P<0.05).Histological analysis of testicular tissue from group 4 further revealed improved testicular morphology in comparison to fenitrothion-treated mice.Conclusions:Eight bioactive compounds were identified in K.parviflora ethanolic extract and the extract exhibited antioxidative properties.Fenitrothion administration impairs testicular function,reducing sperm parameters and testosterone while increasing lipid peroxidation.However,K.parviflora ethanolic extract coadministration alleviates oxidative stress,improves sperm parameters and testosterone levels,and enhances testicular morphology.These findings suggest that K.parviflora ethanolic extract has the therapeutic potential in mitigating male reproductive adverse effects induced by fenitrothion.展开更多
The fate of fenitrothion in rice- fish ecosystem was studied using C- fenitrothion (14C- F) labelled at methoxyl and two application rates. The fenitrothion in water disappeared quickly, only 8 and 11 ppb in two treat...The fate of fenitrothion in rice- fish ecosystem was studied using C- fenitrothion (14C- F) labelled at methoxyl and two application rates. The fenitrothion in water disappeared quickly, only 8 and 11 ppb in two treatments at harvest were detected respectively. Most of 14C-F in soil existed in upper layer and that in plants appeared in shoots. The extractable residues in cargo rice were 0.36 and 0.58 ppm in two treatments respectively. 14C- residues (14C- R) were concentrated in bones, next viscera, meat and scales. Total 14C-R in meat were 0.92 and 1.77 ppm at harvest. Comparing two treatments, the residue dynamics of fenitrothion in water, soil, plants and fish were similar. 14C- R in water and soil after harvest affected the rice- fish ecosystem in the next season. However, the extractable 14C- R in cargo rice, soil and water were very low. Fenitrothion 14C- fenitrothion Rice- fish Model展开更多
Residues of 14C--f e.itrothio. in a model rice--fish ecosystem and field rice--fish ecosystem were studied. When equal amounts of the pesticide were applied, the extractable residues in brown rice (equivalent to 34.3f...Residues of 14C--f e.itrothio. in a model rice--fish ecosystem and field rice--fish ecosystem were studied. When equal amounts of the pesticide were applied, the extractable residues in brown rice (equivalent to 34.3f 1.9 μg / kg fenitrothion) and rice stems and leaves (20.9± 1.5 μg / kg) of the model rice-fish ecosystem were 10-15times higher than that of the field rice-fish ecosystem(4.48 ± 0.13 μg / kg and 1.27 ±0.34 μg / kg respectively). Residues in upper part of the soil (6.50± 0.1- 8.10±0.2 μg / kg) and lower part of the soil (1.30± 0.1-1.50±0.1μg / kg) of the model rice-fish ecosystem were 10-40 times higher than that of the field rice-fish ecosystem (0.17 ±0.01 μg / kg). The extractable residues in paddy water of the model ecosystem (0.30 ± 0.01 μg / kg) were similar to that of the field ecosystem (0.20 ± 0.02 μg / kg). Whenthe fenitrothion was sprayed on the rice plants, residues in brown rice, fish body, soiland paddy water were lower than those when the pesticide was sprayed on the surfaceof the soil.展开更多
为了研究低剂量杀螟硫磷(fenitrothion-O-analog,FNT)暴露对大鼠肝细胞(buffalo rat liver cells,BRL)的代谢毒性,并通过作用于体外的一系列指标分析其作用机制,分别对空白对照组和杀螟硫磷暴露组(13.78、27.55、55.10μg·mL-1)暴...为了研究低剂量杀螟硫磷(fenitrothion-O-analog,FNT)暴露对大鼠肝细胞(buffalo rat liver cells,BRL)的代谢毒性,并通过作用于体外的一系列指标分析其作用机制,分别对空白对照组和杀螟硫磷暴露组(13.78、27.55、55.10μg·mL-1)暴露48 h,观察其对BRL内糖代谢、胰岛素敏感和糖原合成信号通路中蛋白表达的影响。实验结果表明,杀螟硫磷暴露能够显著抑制BRL细胞的活力,半数抑制浓度(IC50)为275.5μg·mL-1。杀螟硫磷暴露使超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和乙酰胆碱酯酶AchE活力显著降低(P<0.01),其体内丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)含量显著增加(P<0.01),引起细胞氧化损伤。杀螟硫磷暴露使其细胞内糖原、胰岛素和葡萄糖激酶含量显著降低(P<0.01),增加胰岛素抵抗。杀螟硫磷暴露显著下调胰岛素敏感信号通路中IRS的表达,抑制IRS的磷酸化,并显著上调AKT和PI3K的表达,显著上调糖原合成信号通路中GSK-3α和GSK-3β的表达。因此,杀螟硫磷暴露使BRL产生糖代谢毒性的机制是通过氧化应激诱发胰岛素抵抗,从而改变糖代谢相关信号通路中蛋白的表达而实现的。展开更多
基金supported by Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(UTAR)Research Fund(IPSR/RMC/UTARRF 2021-C2/40).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant activity of Kaempferia(K.)parviflora rhizome extract and study its protective effect against male reproductive impairment induced by fenitrothion.Methods:The phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of K.parviflora ethanolic extract were assessed.Twenty-four male mice aged 4-weeks-old were assigned into four groups.Groups 1 to 4 respectively received extra virgin olive oil(served as the vehicle control),20 mg/kg body weight(bw)of fenitrothion,50 mg/kg bw of K.parviflora ethanolic extract,and 50 mg/kg bw of K.parviflora ethanolic extract plus 20 mg/kg bw of fenitrothion.Upon completion of 28 days of continuous feeding treatment,the mice were subjected to mating evaluation and the assessment of epididymal sperm quality,lipid peroxidation,testosterone level and histological evaluation.Results:Eight phytochemical compounds were detected in the ethanolic extract of K.parviflora via GC-MS.The extract exhibited a DPPH radical scavenging activity with an EC50 value of(0.870±0.007)mg/mL.Mice fed with fenitrothion in group 2 displayed an increase in relative testis weight,lipid peroxidation levels and a significant reduction in all sperm parameters(sperm concentration,progressive motility,and viability),as well as serum testosterone levels compared to the control mice in group 1(P<0.05).On the other hand,mice fed with K.parviflora ethanolic extract in group 3 showed a significant increase in serum testosterone levels compared to group 1.Mice co-administered with K.parviflora ethanolic extract and fenitrothion in group 4 exhibited a significant improvement in testosterone levels,sperm concentration,motility,and viability compared to the mice administered only with fenitrothion in group 2(P<0.05).Histological analysis of testicular tissue from group 4 further revealed improved testicular morphology in comparison to fenitrothion-treated mice.Conclusions:Eight bioactive compounds were identified in K.parviflora ethanolic extract and the extract exhibited antioxidative properties.Fenitrothion administration impairs testicular function,reducing sperm parameters and testosterone while increasing lipid peroxidation.However,K.parviflora ethanolic extract coadministration alleviates oxidative stress,improves sperm parameters and testosterone levels,and enhances testicular morphology.These findings suggest that K.parviflora ethanolic extract has the therapeutic potential in mitigating male reproductive adverse effects induced by fenitrothion.
文摘The fate of fenitrothion in rice- fish ecosystem was studied using C- fenitrothion (14C- F) labelled at methoxyl and two application rates. The fenitrothion in water disappeared quickly, only 8 and 11 ppb in two treatments at harvest were detected respectively. Most of 14C-F in soil existed in upper layer and that in plants appeared in shoots. The extractable residues in cargo rice were 0.36 and 0.58 ppm in two treatments respectively. 14C- residues (14C- R) were concentrated in bones, next viscera, meat and scales. Total 14C-R in meat were 0.92 and 1.77 ppm at harvest. Comparing two treatments, the residue dynamics of fenitrothion in water, soil, plants and fish were similar. 14C- R in water and soil after harvest affected the rice- fish ecosystem in the next season. However, the extractable 14C- R in cargo rice, soil and water were very low. Fenitrothion 14C- fenitrothion Rice- fish Model
文摘Residues of 14C--f e.itrothio. in a model rice--fish ecosystem and field rice--fish ecosystem were studied. When equal amounts of the pesticide were applied, the extractable residues in brown rice (equivalent to 34.3f 1.9 μg / kg fenitrothion) and rice stems and leaves (20.9± 1.5 μg / kg) of the model rice-fish ecosystem were 10-15times higher than that of the field rice-fish ecosystem(4.48 ± 0.13 μg / kg and 1.27 ±0.34 μg / kg respectively). Residues in upper part of the soil (6.50± 0.1- 8.10±0.2 μg / kg) and lower part of the soil (1.30± 0.1-1.50±0.1μg / kg) of the model rice-fish ecosystem were 10-40 times higher than that of the field rice-fish ecosystem (0.17 ±0.01 μg / kg). The extractable residues in paddy water of the model ecosystem (0.30 ± 0.01 μg / kg) were similar to that of the field ecosystem (0.20 ± 0.02 μg / kg). Whenthe fenitrothion was sprayed on the rice plants, residues in brown rice, fish body, soiland paddy water were lower than those when the pesticide was sprayed on the surfaceof the soil.
