Even today,academics continue to debate the effect of feminization of agricultural labor force on agricultural output.By considering the dimensions of participation in decision-making and production,this study divides...Even today,academics continue to debate the effect of feminization of agricultural labor force on agricultural output.By considering the dimensions of participation in decision-making and production,this study divides the various agricultural production models into three types:(i)the traditional model of decisions made either jointly by men and women or by men alone while both genders participate in production,(ii)complete feminization of agricultural decision-making and the production labor force,and(iii)feminization of the agricultural production labor force only.This study investigates the effects of combining or separating decision-making and production in regard to agricultural development in the context of feminization of the agricultural labor force.Using follow-up data collected from 2004–2008 by the Ministry of Agriculture of China,we built a comprehensive panel data model to test our hypotheses.Our research shows that in comparison to traditional agricultural households and fully feminized agricultural labor forces,partially feminized production resulted in lower grain yield and technological advancement.The feminization of agricultural labor does not necessarily have a negative impact on agricultural output,especially since heavy manual labor is being increasingly replaced by agricultural machinery and outsourcing of tasks.The degree of feminization of the decision-making and production processes should be an important consideration when evaluating the purported negative effects of the feminization of agricultural labor.展开更多
This paper is part of a comprehensive study of the new mobility in China, with a focus on women who have migrated to the southern city of Guangzhou. In China, as in many other developing countries around the world, wo...This paper is part of a comprehensive study of the new mobility in China, with a focus on women who have migrated to the southern city of Guangzhou. In China, as in many other developing countries around the world, women now make up an increasingly large proportion of the total number of migrants. This paper reports on the results of interviews conducted with 67 women migrants currently living in Guangzhou. The urban experiences of the women migrants enable them to realize the importance of education. For the most part, the subjects are aware that their lack of education renders them uncompetitive in the mainstream urban economy, and they are resigned to the fact that they will have to return home eventually because they do not have legal status to stay in the city in question. Their exposure to the city and their newfound emphasis on the importance of education, could work positively to stimulate modernization in their home villages.展开更多
Objective: To inquire into diagnosis, and treatment of virilizing andfeminizing a-drenal syndrome, differential diagnosis between benign and malignant sex hormoneproducing adrenal neo-plasma and, treatment principles ...Objective: To inquire into diagnosis, and treatment of virilizing andfeminizing a-drenal syndrome, differential diagnosis between benign and malignant sex hormoneproducing adrenal neo-plasma and, treatment principles of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).Methods: Eight cases of CAH and 5 cases of sex hormone producing adrenal neoplasma were admitted tohospital during 1986-1996. The former included 3 rare cases of 17 a hydroxylase deficiency. Thelatter included 3 cases of feminizing adrenal tumor and 2 cases of virilizing adrenal tumor.Results: Weight, size and CT of the tumor, DHEA, 17 -ks, sex hormone levels, infiltration, andmetastasis were closely related to the degree of differentiation of the tumors. Conclusion:Virilizing and feminizing adrenal neoplasm were removed surgically by different incisions. Modifiedsubcostal incision was recommended as the best choice for huge adrenal mass. Corticoadrenal hormonetreatment fa CAH should be individualized according to the different types of the disease. Sexhormones were not suitable for children suffering from 17 hydroxylase deficiency before puberty.展开更多
This psychobiographical study on Bessie Head,a bi-racial writer from the South African apartheid period,explored early experiences that defined her identity,personality development and prominence in post-colonial Afri...This psychobiographical study on Bessie Head,a bi-racial writer from the South African apartheid period,explored early experiences that defined her identity,personality development and prominence in post-colonial African literature.For the case conceptual framing,we integrate Donald W.Winnicott’s object relations theory with intersectional feminism to explore her identity by the complex interactions between her psychological experiences and socio-political contexts.Our mixed-methodological approach that combines du Plessis’(2017)structured framework and Knight’s(2019)Phenomenological-hermeneutic Life-narrative Analysis.The analysis revealed three central findings.First,Bessie’s identity development was shaped by early abandonment and racial liminality,resulting in a fragmented sense of self.Second,her emotional and psychological instability was compounded by intersecting experiences of racism,sexism,and exile.Third,her writing and relationships functioned as coping mechanisms and transitional phenomena,offering potential spaces of psychological resilience.From this psychobiographical study framed on intersectional research,the evidence suggests that marginalized identities and a commitment to social justice are revealed by exploring the relationships between individual psychology and systemic influences.展开更多
Doris Lessing’s short story“To Room Nineteen”is considered to be the pioneering work of the climax of the second feminist movement.It focuses on how Susan,a housewife,pursues her selfhood in patriarchal society.Fro...Doris Lessing’s short story“To Room Nineteen”is considered to be the pioneering work of the climax of the second feminist movement.It focuses on how Susan,a housewife,pursues her selfhood in patriarchal society.From the perspective of feminism,and starting with Susan’s daily life and inner world,this paper will demonstrate the predicament faced by Susan,analyze how she pursues self after the awakening of female consciousness,and reveal the lessons implied in the novel about women’s correct pursuit of self.展开更多
With the development of globalization,people have paid more and more attention to feminism.But under the influence of traditional androcentric society for thousands of years,it' s hard for women to strive for equa...With the development of globalization,people have paid more and more attention to feminism.But under the influence of traditional androcentric society for thousands of years,it' s hard for women to strive for equal rights with men and to completely change women' s humble and androcentric image in society overnight.Tracing back to the emergence and the development of feminism,this thesis intends to reveal feminism in the movie Desert Flower by exposing African women' s suffering of a cruel torture—circumcision.展开更多
A Rose for Emily is one of William Faulkner's most famous short stories.Through the representing of patriarchy influence on Emily,Faulkner shows his readers Emily's tragic life.From the diverse meanings of the...A Rose for Emily is one of William Faulkner's most famous short stories.Through the representing of patriarchy influence on Emily,Faulkner shows his readers Emily's tragic life.From the diverse meanings of the "Rose" to the debated themes,this story has been discussed before.This paper tries to analyze the three stages of Emily's struggle for love in order to represent the symbolism of the "Rose" from the perspective of feminism.It also represents the root of Emily's tragedy and the sympathy for the tragic fate of the Southern women.展开更多
Ernest Hemingway is always regarded as masculinity by the critics.His early stories won wide critical praise for their stoic,understanding"masculine"study and their graphic depiction of male pursuits and att...Ernest Hemingway is always regarded as masculinity by the critics.His early stories won wide critical praise for their stoic,understanding"masculine"study and their graphic depiction of male pursuits and attitudes.However,in addition to his male depiction in his novels,Hemingway,in fact,is also a writer who cares and shows sympathy and concern towards women.Then Cat in the Rain is one of his typical work which focuses on the aspirations of women.With analysis on the characters,plot and description of settings etc.in the story,Hemingway’s real attitude toward female is explicated.展开更多
By the brief introduction of Kate Chopin and her achievement, this paper elaborates the awakening of consciousness of the feminism of the protagonist in Kate Chopin's The Story of an Hour. In the short story, the ...By the brief introduction of Kate Chopin and her achievement, this paper elaborates the awakening of consciousness of the feminism of the protagonist in Kate Chopin's The Story of an Hour. In the short story, the author uses many literary elements to describe the characters, especially the irony and imagery. This thesis uses those rhetorical devices to vividly describe the characters and to criticize the inequality between men and women in the late 19th century.[1]展开更多
The Storm and Yellow Woman are famous works by Kate Chopin and Leslie Marmon Silko respectively,two of the most important female writers of America.In this paper,the author tries to carry out an examination of the two...The Storm and Yellow Woman are famous works by Kate Chopin and Leslie Marmon Silko respectively,two of the most important female writers of America.In this paper,the author tries to carry out an examination of the two stories in the light of feminism in three aspects:female's spiritual crisis in the male-centered society,the journey of finding self and the yellow woman of the self-identity construction.展开更多
To the Lighthouse is one of Virginia Woolf's masterpieces. It is also one of the most influential stream-of-consciousness novels in modernism. This thesis makes a more complete study on the novel theory of androgy...To the Lighthouse is one of Virginia Woolf's masterpieces. It is also one of the most influential stream-of-consciousness novels in modernism. This thesis makes a more complete study on the novel theory of androgynous thought of Virginia Woolf and the female artist Lily Briscoe who is the outstanding representative of the androgyny.展开更多
Aim:To study a 46,XY newborn patient with a phenotype suggestive of an androgen insensitivity syndrome toconfirn an anomaly in the AR gene.Methods:Genomic DNA from leukocytes was isolated in order to analyze SRYgene b...Aim:To study a 46,XY newborn patient with a phenotype suggestive of an androgen insensitivity syndrome toconfirn an anomaly in the AR gene.Methods:Genomic DNA from leukocytes was isolated in order to analyze SRYgene by PCR and sequencing of the eight exons of AR gene.Isolation of human Leydig cell mesenchymal precursorsfrom the testis was performed in order to study testosterone production and response to hCG stimulation in culture.Results:Surgical exploration disclosed two testes,no Wolffian structures and important Mullerian derivatives.TheSRY gene was present in peripheral blood leukocytes.Sequencing of the AR gene evidenced a previously unreported Gto T transversion in exon 1 that changed the normal glutamine 153 codon to a stop codon.Interstitial cell culturesproduced sizable amounts of testosterone and were responsive to hCG stimulation.Conclusion:This E153X nonsensepoint mutation has not been described previously in cases of AIS,and could lead to the synthesis of a short truncated(153 vs 919 residues)non functional AR probably responsible for the phenotype of complete androgen insensitivitysyndrome(CAIS).展开更多
The post-colonialism is a theory proposed by the eastern colonial academist Edward W. Said. With the understanding and the definition of post-colonialism, the paper is to analyze phenomena of the movie 2012 and Avatar...The post-colonialism is a theory proposed by the eastern colonial academist Edward W. Said. With the understanding and the definition of post-colonialism, the paper is to analyze phenomena of the movie 2012 and Avatar from several aspects. Firstly, the ＂other＂ is the first angle to be talked about. In the Westerners＇ perspective, they are the center of the world, and they dominate the world. Their rules are the accepted rules, and people of different origin or different cultures are all called ＂other＂. Secondly, it is the degeneration of eastern culture. In the complex of the degeneration of the culture, the demonization of the under-developed nations, the dominant language of English in the communication with the people around, feminization of the characters in the movies, and the updated colonialism of the colonized countries are to be mentioned.展开更多
From the end of the 19th to the dawn of the 20th century, technological development rendered the use of horse as source of energy and power progressively obsolete, promoting the displacement of its age-old utilitarian...From the end of the 19th to the dawn of the 20th century, technological development rendered the use of horse as source of energy and power progressively obsolete, promoting the displacement of its age-old utilitarian functions （transportation, work and war） as well as its social functions as a marker of distinction. Nonetheless, the advent of leisure society encouraged a redefinition of the horse and its social representations, a process spearheaded by the popular arts, especially those meant for child and youth audiences. The purpose of this article is two-fold. The first is to promote an understanding of the historical role of popular arts （literature, movies） in the evolution of the conceptualization of human-horse relationship and the concomitant entrance of horse riding into leisure society, marked by dual processes turning it into an ever-more female and youth-oriented practice. The second is to examine the actual influence of the popular equine arts and the alter ego horse paradigm that they have created on riders＇ current practices. The latter are examined in relation to diverse criteria such as age, gender, type of riding, length of experience, social status and nationality.展开更多
Louise Erdrich is one of the most important contemporary American writers in America.Her first Novel Love Medicine won most prizes in American literature history.Most researches in America and China on the novel from ...Louise Erdrich is one of the most important contemporary American writers in America.Her first Novel Love Medicine won most prizes in American literature history.Most researches in America and China on the novel from the perspectives of feminism,post- colonialism,ecocriticism.The themes in the novel such as love,home- coming,identity construction have also been discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71573133, 71673047 and 71473122)the Center for Food Security Research of Nanjing Agricultural Universitythe Center for Cooperative Innovation of Modern Grain Circulation and Security of Jiangsu Province, China
文摘Even today,academics continue to debate the effect of feminization of agricultural labor force on agricultural output.By considering the dimensions of participation in decision-making and production,this study divides the various agricultural production models into three types:(i)the traditional model of decisions made either jointly by men and women or by men alone while both genders participate in production,(ii)complete feminization of agricultural decision-making and the production labor force,and(iii)feminization of the agricultural production labor force only.This study investigates the effects of combining or separating decision-making and production in regard to agricultural development in the context of feminization of the agricultural labor force.Using follow-up data collected from 2004–2008 by the Ministry of Agriculture of China,we built a comprehensive panel data model to test our hypotheses.Our research shows that in comparison to traditional agricultural households and fully feminized agricultural labor forces,partially feminized production resulted in lower grain yield and technological advancement.The feminization of agricultural labor does not necessarily have a negative impact on agricultural output,especially since heavy manual labor is being increasingly replaced by agricultural machinery and outsourcing of tasks.The degree of feminization of the decision-making and production processes should be an important consideration when evaluating the purported negative effects of the feminization of agricultural labor.
文摘This paper is part of a comprehensive study of the new mobility in China, with a focus on women who have migrated to the southern city of Guangzhou. In China, as in many other developing countries around the world, women now make up an increasingly large proportion of the total number of migrants. This paper reports on the results of interviews conducted with 67 women migrants currently living in Guangzhou. The urban experiences of the women migrants enable them to realize the importance of education. For the most part, the subjects are aware that their lack of education renders them uncompetitive in the mainstream urban economy, and they are resigned to the fact that they will have to return home eventually because they do not have legal status to stay in the city in question. Their exposure to the city and their newfound emphasis on the importance of education, could work positively to stimulate modernization in their home villages.
文摘Objective: To inquire into diagnosis, and treatment of virilizing andfeminizing a-drenal syndrome, differential diagnosis between benign and malignant sex hormoneproducing adrenal neo-plasma and, treatment principles of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).Methods: Eight cases of CAH and 5 cases of sex hormone producing adrenal neoplasma were admitted tohospital during 1986-1996. The former included 3 rare cases of 17 a hydroxylase deficiency. Thelatter included 3 cases of feminizing adrenal tumor and 2 cases of virilizing adrenal tumor.Results: Weight, size and CT of the tumor, DHEA, 17 -ks, sex hormone levels, infiltration, andmetastasis were closely related to the degree of differentiation of the tumors. Conclusion:Virilizing and feminizing adrenal neoplasm were removed surgically by different incisions. Modifiedsubcostal incision was recommended as the best choice for huge adrenal mass. Corticoadrenal hormonetreatment fa CAH should be individualized according to the different types of the disease. Sexhormones were not suitable for children suffering from 17 hydroxylase deficiency before puberty.
文摘This psychobiographical study on Bessie Head,a bi-racial writer from the South African apartheid period,explored early experiences that defined her identity,personality development and prominence in post-colonial African literature.For the case conceptual framing,we integrate Donald W.Winnicott’s object relations theory with intersectional feminism to explore her identity by the complex interactions between her psychological experiences and socio-political contexts.Our mixed-methodological approach that combines du Plessis’(2017)structured framework and Knight’s(2019)Phenomenological-hermeneutic Life-narrative Analysis.The analysis revealed three central findings.First,Bessie’s identity development was shaped by early abandonment and racial liminality,resulting in a fragmented sense of self.Second,her emotional and psychological instability was compounded by intersecting experiences of racism,sexism,and exile.Third,her writing and relationships functioned as coping mechanisms and transitional phenomena,offering potential spaces of psychological resilience.From this psychobiographical study framed on intersectional research,the evidence suggests that marginalized identities and a commitment to social justice are revealed by exploring the relationships between individual psychology and systemic influences.
文摘Doris Lessing’s short story“To Room Nineteen”is considered to be the pioneering work of the climax of the second feminist movement.It focuses on how Susan,a housewife,pursues her selfhood in patriarchal society.From the perspective of feminism,and starting with Susan’s daily life and inner world,this paper will demonstrate the predicament faced by Susan,analyze how she pursues self after the awakening of female consciousness,and reveal the lessons implied in the novel about women’s correct pursuit of self.
文摘With the development of globalization,people have paid more and more attention to feminism.But under the influence of traditional androcentric society for thousands of years,it' s hard for women to strive for equal rights with men and to completely change women' s humble and androcentric image in society overnight.Tracing back to the emergence and the development of feminism,this thesis intends to reveal feminism in the movie Desert Flower by exposing African women' s suffering of a cruel torture—circumcision.
文摘A Rose for Emily is one of William Faulkner's most famous short stories.Through the representing of patriarchy influence on Emily,Faulkner shows his readers Emily's tragic life.From the diverse meanings of the "Rose" to the debated themes,this story has been discussed before.This paper tries to analyze the three stages of Emily's struggle for love in order to represent the symbolism of the "Rose" from the perspective of feminism.It also represents the root of Emily's tragedy and the sympathy for the tragic fate of the Southern women.
文摘Ernest Hemingway is always regarded as masculinity by the critics.His early stories won wide critical praise for their stoic,understanding"masculine"study and their graphic depiction of male pursuits and attitudes.However,in addition to his male depiction in his novels,Hemingway,in fact,is also a writer who cares and shows sympathy and concern towards women.Then Cat in the Rain is one of his typical work which focuses on the aspirations of women.With analysis on the characters,plot and description of settings etc.in the story,Hemingway’s real attitude toward female is explicated.
文摘By the brief introduction of Kate Chopin and her achievement, this paper elaborates the awakening of consciousness of the feminism of the protagonist in Kate Chopin's The Story of an Hour. In the short story, the author uses many literary elements to describe the characters, especially the irony and imagery. This thesis uses those rhetorical devices to vividly describe the characters and to criticize the inequality between men and women in the late 19th century.[1]
文摘The Storm and Yellow Woman are famous works by Kate Chopin and Leslie Marmon Silko respectively,two of the most important female writers of America.In this paper,the author tries to carry out an examination of the two stories in the light of feminism in three aspects:female's spiritual crisis in the male-centered society,the journey of finding self and the yellow woman of the self-identity construction.
文摘To the Lighthouse is one of Virginia Woolf's masterpieces. It is also one of the most influential stream-of-consciousness novels in modernism. This thesis makes a more complete study on the novel theory of androgynous thought of Virginia Woolf and the female artist Lily Briscoe who is the outstanding representative of the androgyny.
基金Supported by grants PMT-PICT 0090 from CONICETPICT 0450 from ANPCyT,ArgentinaInstitu National de le Sante et de la Recherche Medicale,INSERM,France
文摘Aim:To study a 46,XY newborn patient with a phenotype suggestive of an androgen insensitivity syndrome toconfirn an anomaly in the AR gene.Methods:Genomic DNA from leukocytes was isolated in order to analyze SRYgene by PCR and sequencing of the eight exons of AR gene.Isolation of human Leydig cell mesenchymal precursorsfrom the testis was performed in order to study testosterone production and response to hCG stimulation in culture.Results:Surgical exploration disclosed two testes,no Wolffian structures and important Mullerian derivatives.TheSRY gene was present in peripheral blood leukocytes.Sequencing of the AR gene evidenced a previously unreported Gto T transversion in exon 1 that changed the normal glutamine 153 codon to a stop codon.Interstitial cell culturesproduced sizable amounts of testosterone and were responsive to hCG stimulation.Conclusion:This E153X nonsensepoint mutation has not been described previously in cases of AIS,and could lead to the synthesis of a short truncated(153 vs 919 residues)non functional AR probably responsible for the phenotype of complete androgen insensitivitysyndrome(CAIS).
文摘The post-colonialism is a theory proposed by the eastern colonial academist Edward W. Said. With the understanding and the definition of post-colonialism, the paper is to analyze phenomena of the movie 2012 and Avatar from several aspects. Firstly, the ＂other＂ is the first angle to be talked about. In the Westerners＇ perspective, they are the center of the world, and they dominate the world. Their rules are the accepted rules, and people of different origin or different cultures are all called ＂other＂. Secondly, it is the degeneration of eastern culture. In the complex of the degeneration of the culture, the demonization of the under-developed nations, the dominant language of English in the communication with the people around, feminization of the characters in the movies, and the updated colonialism of the colonized countries are to be mentioned.
文摘From the end of the 19th to the dawn of the 20th century, technological development rendered the use of horse as source of energy and power progressively obsolete, promoting the displacement of its age-old utilitarian functions （transportation, work and war） as well as its social functions as a marker of distinction. Nonetheless, the advent of leisure society encouraged a redefinition of the horse and its social representations, a process spearheaded by the popular arts, especially those meant for child and youth audiences. The purpose of this article is two-fold. The first is to promote an understanding of the historical role of popular arts （literature, movies） in the evolution of the conceptualization of human-horse relationship and the concomitant entrance of horse riding into leisure society, marked by dual processes turning it into an ever-more female and youth-oriented practice. The second is to examine the actual influence of the popular equine arts and the alter ego horse paradigm that they have created on riders＇ current practices. The latter are examined in relation to diverse criteria such as age, gender, type of riding, length of experience, social status and nationality.
文摘Louise Erdrich is one of the most important contemporary American writers in America.Her first Novel Love Medicine won most prizes in American literature history.Most researches in America and China on the novel from the perspectives of feminism,post- colonialism,ecocriticism.The themes in the novel such as love,home- coming,identity construction have also been discussed.
