This paper proposes an algorithm for train delay propagation on double-track railway lines under First-Come-First-Serve(FCFS)management.The objective is to handle the challenges faced by the dispatchers as they encoun...This paper proposes an algorithm for train delay propagation on double-track railway lines under First-Come-First-Serve(FCFS)management.The objective is to handle the challenges faced by the dispatchers as they encounter train delays and their effects on the functioning of the railway system.We assume that the location and duration of disruptions are known,which are important inputs to the algorithm.This data enables calculation of delays experienced by each affected train.Our method analyzes factors such as train schedules,track capacities,and operation constraints to assess the manner in which delays would get propagated along railway lines.Key indicators of delay propagation,consisting of the number of delayed trains and stations,disruption settling time,and cumulative delays,are considered.Moreover,a numerical example is given to explain the practical application of this algorithm.Finally,we show that a tool like this would facilitate the dispatchers in managing and rescheduling trains in case of delays and will be improving resilience and efficiency of railway operations.展开更多
Triboelectric energy harvesters offer an efficient way to convert mechanical energy harvested by every-day human body actions into electrical energy.Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are an attractive solution for po...Triboelectric energy harvesters offer an efficient way to convert mechanical energy harvested by every-day human body actions into electrical energy.Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are an attractive solution for power supply concerns in the development of portable electronic gadgets and self-powered sensor applications.Herein,a dielectric calcium copper titanate(CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO))ceramic material was synthesized by a solid-state reaction process.The synthesized particles were embedded in poly-dimethylsiloxane(PDMS)polymer to form a CCTO/PDMS flexible composite film(FCF)-based TENG,called a CCTO FCF-TENG,which is light-weight,simple,and suitable for use.The dielectric properties,surface charge density,and electrical conductivity of the FCF were greatly improved by the addition of the CCTO particles into the PDMS,resulting in excellent electrical output performance of the corresponding CCTO FCF-TENG.The CCTO FCF-TENG device was constructed with the CCTO/PDMS FCF,which functioned ver-tically against a cellulose paper to optimize a high and stable electrical output.Furthermore,the filler concentration and film thickness optimization was studied more to achieve the highest output power of the CCTO FCF-TENG.The optimized CCTO FCF-TENG exhibited the highest electrical output voltage,cur-rent,charge density,and power density of-250 V,-6.5μA,-70μC/m^(2),and-3.15 W/m 2,respectively.The mechanical stability and durability of the CCTO FCF-TENG were systematically analyzed.The practical and real-time applications of the packed CCTO FCF-TENG were systematically investigated under various harsh environmental conditions.Finally,the packed CCTO FCF-TENG successfully powered several low-power portable electronics and was also used as a self-powered sensor to sense biomechanical actions in everyday human body activities.展开更多
Objective:To determine the protective effect of co-enzyme Q10(CoQ10)on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in male rats treated with SunsetYellow FCF.Methods:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided int...Objective:To determine the protective effect of co-enzyme Q10(CoQ10)on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in male rats treated with SunsetYellow FCF.Methods:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of the control,CoQ10(10 mg/kg/day),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg),high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg)plus CoQ10,and high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg)plus CoQ10.The drugs were administered via daily oral gavages for 6 weeks.At the end of the experiment,sperm analysis,stereological and histological assessments of the testis were carried out.Results:The normal morphology(by 41.1%)and progressive spermatozoa(by 74.8%),testicle volume(by 33.4%),lumen volume(by 38.3%),interstitial tissue volume(by 44.7%),seminiferous tubule volume(by 40.7%),and number of spermatogonia(by 53.9%)and Leydig cells(by 70.7%)reduced in the rats that received high doses of Sunset Yellow in comparison to the control group.Nonetheless,all these alterations were recovered by CoQ10 treatment in the CoQ10 plus high dose of Sunset Yellow group.Furthermore,low doses of Sunset Yellow did not affect different parameters of the testis and sperm.Conclusions:CoQ10 could,to some extent,prevent structural changes of the testis induced by the high dose of SunsetYellow.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4300504-3).
文摘This paper proposes an algorithm for train delay propagation on double-track railway lines under First-Come-First-Serve(FCFS)management.The objective is to handle the challenges faced by the dispatchers as they encounter train delays and their effects on the functioning of the railway system.We assume that the location and duration of disruptions are known,which are important inputs to the algorithm.This data enables calculation of delays experienced by each affected train.Our method analyzes factors such as train schedules,track capacities,and operation constraints to assess the manner in which delays would get propagated along railway lines.Key indicators of delay propagation,consisting of the number of delayed trains and stations,disruption settling time,and cumulative delays,are considered.Moreover,a numerical example is given to explain the practical application of this algorithm.Finally,we show that a tool like this would facilitate the dispatchers in managing and rescheduling trains in case of delays and will be improving resilience and efficiency of railway operations.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIP)(No.2018R1A6A1A03025708)。
文摘Triboelectric energy harvesters offer an efficient way to convert mechanical energy harvested by every-day human body actions into electrical energy.Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are an attractive solution for power supply concerns in the development of portable electronic gadgets and self-powered sensor applications.Herein,a dielectric calcium copper titanate(CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO))ceramic material was synthesized by a solid-state reaction process.The synthesized particles were embedded in poly-dimethylsiloxane(PDMS)polymer to form a CCTO/PDMS flexible composite film(FCF)-based TENG,called a CCTO FCF-TENG,which is light-weight,simple,and suitable for use.The dielectric properties,surface charge density,and electrical conductivity of the FCF were greatly improved by the addition of the CCTO particles into the PDMS,resulting in excellent electrical output performance of the corresponding CCTO FCF-TENG.The CCTO FCF-TENG device was constructed with the CCTO/PDMS FCF,which functioned ver-tically against a cellulose paper to optimize a high and stable electrical output.Furthermore,the filler concentration and film thickness optimization was studied more to achieve the highest output power of the CCTO FCF-TENG.The optimized CCTO FCF-TENG exhibited the highest electrical output voltage,cur-rent,charge density,and power density of-250 V,-6.5μA,-70μC/m^(2),and-3.15 W/m 2,respectively.The mechanical stability and durability of the CCTO FCF-TENG were systematically analyzed.The practical and real-time applications of the packed CCTO FCF-TENG were systematically investigated under various harsh environmental conditions.Finally,the packed CCTO FCF-TENG successfully powered several low-power portable electronics and was also used as a self-powered sensor to sense biomechanical actions in everyday human body activities.
文摘Objective:To determine the protective effect of co-enzyme Q10(CoQ10)on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in male rats treated with SunsetYellow FCF.Methods:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of the control,CoQ10(10 mg/kg/day),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg),high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg)plus CoQ10,and high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg)plus CoQ10.The drugs were administered via daily oral gavages for 6 weeks.At the end of the experiment,sperm analysis,stereological and histological assessments of the testis were carried out.Results:The normal morphology(by 41.1%)and progressive spermatozoa(by 74.8%),testicle volume(by 33.4%),lumen volume(by 38.3%),interstitial tissue volume(by 44.7%),seminiferous tubule volume(by 40.7%),and number of spermatogonia(by 53.9%)and Leydig cells(by 70.7%)reduced in the rats that received high doses of Sunset Yellow in comparison to the control group.Nonetheless,all these alterations were recovered by CoQ10 treatment in the CoQ10 plus high dose of Sunset Yellow group.Furthermore,low doses of Sunset Yellow did not affect different parameters of the testis and sperm.Conclusions:CoQ10 could,to some extent,prevent structural changes of the testis induced by the high dose of SunsetYellow.
