As part of the effort to achieve net zero,hydrogen will become significantly used in transportation and energy generation by 2050.Hydrogen is fit for long-haul vehicles because of the short refueling time and long ran...As part of the effort to achieve net zero,hydrogen will become significantly used in transportation and energy generation by 2050.Hydrogen is fit for long-haul vehicles because of the short refueling time and long range of using hydrogen as onboard storage instead of batteries.Meanwhile,hydrogen can also be used for long-time grid energy storage because of the low material cost and low self-discharge.By using fuel cell electric vehicles(FCEVs)for energy generation,the fuel cells(FCs)in idle FCEVs can be connected to the grid(FCEV2G)and supply electricity to the grid by consuming hydrogen stored in a station.In this way,the hydrogen usage in the transportation and energy storage sectors can be synergically integrated.A mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is established to simulate and evaluate the economic and environmental potential of the operation of a FCEV2G station.The station's profit and carbon emission reduction potential depend on the traffic and electricity profiles.It is estimated that a net profit of 233,976 USD can be generated and simultaneously 210 tonnes carbon emissions can be reduced,using the historic traffic and electricity data of Alberta.Furthermore,considering the Canadian carbon tax in the optimization increases the net profit and carbon reduction to 246,704 USD and 377 tonnes,respectively.Meanwhile,using electricity data with lower carbon intensity and less fluctuation,e.g.,that in Ontario,significant technological improvements are needed to make the FCEV2G station operation economically viable.These results demonstrate the potential of FCEV2G in generating monetary incentives and environmental benefits by integrating the transportation and energy storage sectors.展开更多
燃料电池电动汽车FCEV(Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)是汽车工业可持续发展的主要方向之一。本文重点介绍现代燃料电池电动汽车的燃料、质子交换膜燃料电池,燃料电池发动机和燃料电池电动汽车的结构和原理等,阐述我国自行开发的燃料电池...燃料电池电动汽车FCEV(Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)是汽车工业可持续发展的主要方向之一。本文重点介绍现代燃料电池电动汽车的燃料、质子交换膜燃料电池,燃料电池发动机和燃料电池电动汽车的结构和原理等,阐述我国自行开发的燃料电池电动汽车和国外新一代燃料电池电动汽车。展开更多
This paper introduces and analyzes Korea＇s NGV （natural gas vehicles） policy for soot-free bus fleet which intends to promote CNG （compressed natural gas） bus in metropolitan area for the reduction of air polluti...This paper introduces and analyzes Korea＇s NGV （natural gas vehicles） policy for soot-free bus fleet which intends to promote CNG （compressed natural gas） bus in metropolitan area for the reduction of air pollution from road sector. At the early stage, Korean goverrmaent established various supporting policy systems to encourage public transportation companies to purchase CNG buses as a means to replace diesel buses. It was evaluated as very successful with making net economic benefit of CNG bus promotion policy. During the 2nd stage, Korean government implemented CNG hybrid bus promotion policy to further reduce both air pollution and greenhouse gas. Now, a new social demand for the vehicles is zero-emission vehicles. The author asserts that current FCEV （fuel cell electric vehicle） should be considered as an alternative to zero-emission vehicles in Korea and suggests policy recommendation for the promotion of FCEV by referring the current CNG bus promotion policy in public transportation sector.展开更多
燃料电池电动汽车(FCEV.Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)有多种多样的型式,包括轿车、客车和货车等,由于不同车辆的行驶阻力和空气阻力不同,使得FCEV需要配置不同功率的燃料电池(FC)。从装车角度来看,要求FCEV的FC要逐步实现系列化、小型...燃料电池电动汽车(FCEV.Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)有多种多样的型式,包括轿车、客车和货车等,由于不同车辆的行驶阻力和空气阻力不同,使得FCEV需要配置不同功率的燃料电池(FC)。从装车角度来看,要求FCEV的FC要逐步实现系列化、小型化和轻量化 以适应多种的型式的FCEV装配的要求。展开更多
基金supported by the Transition Accelerator,Mitacs and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)[RGPIN-2021-02453 and ALLRP 580840-22].
文摘As part of the effort to achieve net zero,hydrogen will become significantly used in transportation and energy generation by 2050.Hydrogen is fit for long-haul vehicles because of the short refueling time and long range of using hydrogen as onboard storage instead of batteries.Meanwhile,hydrogen can also be used for long-time grid energy storage because of the low material cost and low self-discharge.By using fuel cell electric vehicles(FCEVs)for energy generation,the fuel cells(FCs)in idle FCEVs can be connected to the grid(FCEV2G)and supply electricity to the grid by consuming hydrogen stored in a station.In this way,the hydrogen usage in the transportation and energy storage sectors can be synergically integrated.A mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is established to simulate and evaluate the economic and environmental potential of the operation of a FCEV2G station.The station's profit and carbon emission reduction potential depend on the traffic and electricity profiles.It is estimated that a net profit of 233,976 USD can be generated and simultaneously 210 tonnes carbon emissions can be reduced,using the historic traffic and electricity data of Alberta.Furthermore,considering the Canadian carbon tax in the optimization increases the net profit and carbon reduction to 246,704 USD and 377 tonnes,respectively.Meanwhile,using electricity data with lower carbon intensity and less fluctuation,e.g.,that in Ontario,significant technological improvements are needed to make the FCEV2G station operation economically viable.These results demonstrate the potential of FCEV2G in generating monetary incentives and environmental benefits by integrating the transportation and energy storage sectors.
文摘This paper introduces and analyzes Korea＇s NGV （natural gas vehicles） policy for soot-free bus fleet which intends to promote CNG （compressed natural gas） bus in metropolitan area for the reduction of air pollution from road sector. At the early stage, Korean goverrmaent established various supporting policy systems to encourage public transportation companies to purchase CNG buses as a means to replace diesel buses. It was evaluated as very successful with making net economic benefit of CNG bus promotion policy. During the 2nd stage, Korean government implemented CNG hybrid bus promotion policy to further reduce both air pollution and greenhouse gas. Now, a new social demand for the vehicles is zero-emission vehicles. The author asserts that current FCEV （fuel cell electric vehicle） should be considered as an alternative to zero-emission vehicles in Korea and suggests policy recommendation for the promotion of FCEV by referring the current CNG bus promotion policy in public transportation sector.
文摘燃料电池电动汽车(FCEV.Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)有多种多样的型式,包括轿车、客车和货车等,由于不同车辆的行驶阻力和空气阻力不同,使得FCEV需要配置不同功率的燃料电池(FC)。从装车角度来看,要求FCEV的FC要逐步实现系列化、小型化和轻量化 以适应多种的型式的FCEV装配的要求。
