Hepatobiliary fascioliasis is a neglected but re-emerging parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica.Humans become infected by consuming contaminated water or aquatic plants,allowing the parasite to enter the diges...Hepatobiliary fascioliasis is a neglected but re-emerging parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica.Humans become infected by consuming contaminated water or aquatic plants,allowing the parasite to enter the digestive tract.From there,immature flukes penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate through the liver,triggering inflammation,fibrosis,and biliary complications.Over time,this can lead to cholangitis,biliary obstruction,and long-term liver damage.Due to its vague clinical symptoms and the limitations of current diagnostic methods,fascioliasis could be easily missed.Stool analysis is still used to detect eggs in diagnosis.However,this method is unreliable due to the inconsistency of the egg shedding.Also,serological tests are often linked to false positives due to the cross-reactions with other parasites.Imaging techniques such as ultrasound,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging can reveal its complications,especially in the biliary phase,yet this is not specific.Molecular tests like polymerase chain reaction(PCR)have higher sensitivity and specificity and allow earlier diagnosis,but they are still not widely available,especially in low-resource settings.Triclabendazole is the only recommended medical treatment,yet it is not widely available.In addition,the emerging reports of resistance represent a potential threat in managing this infection.Other modalities could be needed in addition to triclabendazole,such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with biliary complications.All the previously mentioned challenges necessitate the urgent need to make the newly developed diagnostic methods,such as PCR,available,especially in areas where fascioliasis is endemic.Additionally,new medical treatments and therapeutic options should be considered to provide a second line of management,particularly in light of emerging reports of resistance.展开更多
Objective:To determine the prevalence and economic losses of Fasciola spp.isolates and costs incurred due to liver condemnation from ruminants in Kashan region,center of Iran from 2012 to 2013.Methods:In this cross-se...Objective:To determine the prevalence and economic losses of Fasciola spp.isolates and costs incurred due to liver condemnation from ruminants in Kashan region,center of Iran from 2012 to 2013.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,a total number of 251 325 slaughtered sheep,goats and cattle(88939 sheep.151 924 goats and 10462 cattle) were examined via necropsy for fasciolasis in industrial Kashan abattoirs located in center of Iran.The average weight was calculated as 1 000 g for sheep,900 g for goat and 5000 g for cattle in this study region.Based on market value,the average price of a kilo gram of normal liver at Kashan city during the study period was 8 USD.The amount of main nutrients and vitamins elimination in liver contaminated to fascioliasis was determined.Results:Overall 3.28%of the livers were found to be infected.For total number of sheep,goats and cattle slaughtered annually in region study,it was estimated that 7505 livers were infected and total annual economic losses of fascioliasis of studied animals was 41 784 USD(based on market prices in study period).Of this.23 360 USD,30240 USD and 15400 USD were associated with the fascioliasis of sheep,goats and cattle,respectively.Conclusions:This study indicated that the Fasciola sp.clearly remains prevalent and causes considerable economic losses in study region in sheep,goats and cattle and presumably,other areas and hosts of Iran,providing baseline data for the future monitoring of this potentially important parasitic infection in the country.展开更多
Fasciola hepatica, a leaf shaped trematode that is common in cattle, sheep and goats, is acquired by eating raw water plants like watercress or drinking water infected with the encysted form of the parasite. The varie...Fasciola hepatica, a leaf shaped trematode that is common in cattle, sheep and goats, is acquired by eating raw water plants like watercress or drinking water infected with the encysted form of the parasite. The varied clinical presentations of fascioliasis still make a high index of suspicion mandatory. Besides having a wide spectrum of hepatobiliary symptoms like obstructive jaundice, cholangitis and liver cirrhosis, the parasitic infection also has extrabiliary manifestations. Until recently, extrahepatic fascioliasis has been reported in the subcutaneous tissue, brain, lungs, epididymis, inguinal lymph nodes, stomach and the cecum. In this report, a strange manifestation of the fasciola infection in a site other than the liver, a colonic fascioliasis, is presented.展开更多
Objective:Fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis are the two endemic parasitic diseases of Iran that make lots of economical damages annually.This study has been performed to evaluate infection rate of domesticated animals t...Objective:Fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis are the two endemic parasitic diseases of Iran that make lots of economical damages annually.This study has been performed to evaluate infection rate of domesticated animals to fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis among of slaughtered animals in slaughterhouses of Iran.Methods:In this crosssectional study infection rate of slaughtered animals has been analyzed in 28 provinces of Iran during 5 years period(2003-2007).Results:It is indicated that infection rate was 4.84%to fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis in this five-year study period.Total removed livers were 815 807 and 771 026 numbers from consumption cycle for fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis respectively from 32 714 926 slaughtered animals.The highest infection rate was Gilan(20.91%),Mazandaran(16.36%),and Esfahan(9.95%) respectively among studied provinces while the lowest infection rate was indicated in Ilam(0.76%),Boushehr(0.84%),and Yazd(1.51%) respectively. Our data proved the highest frequency rate were identified in summer and autumn for both fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis.Conclusion:Fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis are continuously increasing in slaughter animals of Iran.Therefore the results of current study can improve and move up activities against these zoonosis diseases.展开更多
In the process of sheep breeding, disease prevention and control is an essential management content. Clonorchiasis hepatica, as an easily occurring parasitic disease, will cause serious harm to the growth of sheep, re...In the process of sheep breeding, disease prevention and control is an essential management content. Clonorchiasis hepatica, as an easily occurring parasitic disease, will cause serious harm to the growth of sheep, resulting in poor development of sheep, reduced production capacity, poor physique, and even death when serious, thus affecting the long-term development of the whole breeding industry. For the regional breeding industry, in order to ensure the maximum benefit of sheep breeding, create favorable conditions for the healthy growth of sheep and improve the level of disease prevention and control, it is necessary to fully combine with the actual situation of regional breeding, construct a perfect disease prevention and control mechanism from various aspects, deeply analyze the causes and characteristics of the disease, and take targeted treatment measures to ensure the good development of the whole growth process of sheep, so as to maximize the breeding benefit.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatic eosinophilic pseudotumor(HEPT)is a rare condition that mimics ma-lignant hepatic tumors,posing significant diagnostic challenges.This case report highlights the importance of considering parasitic i...BACKGROUND Hepatic eosinophilic pseudotumor(HEPT)is a rare condition that mimics ma-lignant hepatic tumors,posing significant diagnostic challenges.This case report highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections like Fasciola hepatica(F.hepatica)in the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses,especially in endemic regions,to prevent unnecessary interventions.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of epigastric pain and significant weight loss.Imaging revealed a hepatic mass,initially misdiagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Laboratory results showed marked eosinophilia,and histopathological examination confirmed significant eosinophilic infiltration without malignancy.Serological testing identified F.hepatica infection.The patient was treated with a single dose of triclabendazole,leading to complete symptom resolution and normalization of hepatic imaging findings within days.CONCLUSION HEPT due to F.hepatica can closely mimic malignancy;timely antiparasitic treat-ment is crucial for resolution.展开更多
Parasitic liver diseases can be caused by trematodes,cestodes,nematodes,and protozoa.This pathology is significant because millions of people in different parts of the world have liver parasites,which can manifest the...Parasitic liver diseases can be caused by trematodes,cestodes,nematodes,and protozoa.This pathology is significant because millions of people in different parts of the world have liver parasites,which can manifest themselves in the development of inflammation,liver cysts,cholecystitis,cholelithiasis,pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis that are often threatening their lives.The International Agency for Research on Cancer considers three species of trematodes,Schistosoma haematobium,Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis,to be carcinogens.Complex modern examination methods,in some cases including extensive screening of large populations,are required for diagnosing liver parasites.Treatment of parasitic liver diseases is differentiated and can involve a combination of surgical and therapeutic measures.There is no doubt that the clinical and epidemiological scale allows one to regard parasitic liver diseases as a global healthcare problem.展开更多
The knowledge about the population dynamics of freshwater snail intermediate host and their roles in disease transmission is little known in Bayelsa State. This study investigated the species composition of fresh wate...The knowledge about the population dynamics of freshwater snail intermediate host and their roles in disease transmission is little known in Bayelsa State. This study investigated the species composition of fresh water snail intermediate host in Amassoma community and the Niger Delta University Campuses during August 2019-October 2019 across five locations (Main campus Hostel, E.T.F Building, Ogboebi-Ama, Efeke-Ama, Ogbopina). Snails were collected from the water bodies with the aid of a scooping net and hand picking. The morphological identification of the snail intermediate host followed standard procedures. From the result, five hundred and seventy-one freshwater snails belonging to four genera and five species were recorded. The presence of Lymnae and Bulinus in the locations highlights foci for fascioliasis and schistosomiasis. The presence of Melanoides spp. is novel in Bayelsa State. The public health implications of these snails have called for timely control intervention.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the predatory capacity of the Odonata, Hemianax ephippiger nymph as a biocontrol agent for the freshwater snail Lymnaea natalensis, intermediate host of Fasciola gigantica. Methods: Observations...Objective: To evaluate the predatory capacity of the Odonata, Hemianax ephippiger nymph as a biocontrol agent for the freshwater snail Lymnaea natalensis, intermediate host of Fasciola gigantica. Methods: Observations on the searching, attacking and devouring of the snails with a series of laboratory-based predation experiments, whose aims were to determine daily predation rate, differential predation on small-, medium- and large-sized snails were carried out. Results: Laboratory evaluation revealed that, the Odonata nymph could kill and consume all three sizes of snails. Searching and handling time of the predator differed depending on snail size and predator vulnerability. The predation rate varied also with respect to snail size and density.Conclusions: Our observations suggested that the predator Hemianax ephippiger may be a suitable bio-control agent of Lymnaea natalensis snail population.展开更多
Fasciola hepatica,an endemic parasite in Turkey,is still a very rare cause of cholestasis worldwide.Through ingestion of contaminated water plants like watercress,humans can become the definitive host of this parasite...Fasciola hepatica,an endemic parasite in Turkey,is still a very rare cause of cholestasis worldwide.Through ingestion of contaminated water plants like watercress,humans can become the definitive host of this parasite.Cholestatic symptoms may be sudden but in some cases they may be preceeded by a long period of fever,eosinophilia and vague gastrointestinal symptoms.We report a woman with cholangitis symptoms of sudden onset which was proved to be due to Fasciola hepatica infestation by an endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.展开更多
Fasciola hepatica is a parasite of clinical and veterinary importance which causes fascioliasis that leads to reduction in milk and meat production. Bile samples were centrifuged at 1500 rpm for ten (10) minutes in a ...Fasciola hepatica is a parasite of clinical and veterinary importance which causes fascioliasis that leads to reduction in milk and meat production. Bile samples were centrifuged at 1500 rpm for ten (10) minutes in a centrifuge machine and viewed microscopically to check for F. hepatica eggs. A total of 300 bile samples of cattle which included 155 males and 145 females were collected from the abattoir. Results were analyzed using chi-square (p > 0.05). The prevalence of F. gigantica and Dicrocoelium dentriticum is 33.0% (99) and 39.0% (117) respectively. Age prevalence of F. hepatica revealed that 0 - 2 years (33.7%, 29 cattle) were more infected than 2 - 4 years (32.7%, 70 cattle) while for D. dentriticum age 2 - 4 years were more infected than 0 - 2 years with prevalence of 40.2% (86) and 36.0% (31) respectively. No significant difference (P > 0.05) existed in prevalence in ages of the cattle. Out of the 300 bile samples examined, 22.3% (67 cattle) were co-infected with F. hepatica and D. dendriticum. Males were more co-infected than females having a prevalence of 24.5% (38 cattle) and 20.0% (29 cattle) respectively. Based on the age, samples of age 0 - 2 years were more co-infected than those of age 2 - 4 years with a prevalence of 23.3% (20 cattle) and 22.0% (47 cattle) respectively. The findings of this present study revealed that efforts to alleviate problems of animal health and productivity are yet to make any significant impact as this poses threat on human health. Investigation on the pattern of infections in cattle slaughtered should be strengthened.展开更多
文摘Hepatobiliary fascioliasis is a neglected but re-emerging parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica.Humans become infected by consuming contaminated water or aquatic plants,allowing the parasite to enter the digestive tract.From there,immature flukes penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate through the liver,triggering inflammation,fibrosis,and biliary complications.Over time,this can lead to cholangitis,biliary obstruction,and long-term liver damage.Due to its vague clinical symptoms and the limitations of current diagnostic methods,fascioliasis could be easily missed.Stool analysis is still used to detect eggs in diagnosis.However,this method is unreliable due to the inconsistency of the egg shedding.Also,serological tests are often linked to false positives due to the cross-reactions with other parasites.Imaging techniques such as ultrasound,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging can reveal its complications,especially in the biliary phase,yet this is not specific.Molecular tests like polymerase chain reaction(PCR)have higher sensitivity and specificity and allow earlier diagnosis,but they are still not widely available,especially in low-resource settings.Triclabendazole is the only recommended medical treatment,yet it is not widely available.In addition,the emerging reports of resistance represent a potential threat in managing this infection.Other modalities could be needed in addition to triclabendazole,such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with biliary complications.All the previously mentioned challenges necessitate the urgent need to make the newly developed diagnostic methods,such as PCR,available,especially in areas where fascioliasis is endemic.Additionally,new medical treatments and therapeutic options should be considered to provide a second line of management,particularly in light of emerging reports of resistance.
基金Supported by Kashan University of Medical Sciences(Project No.9204)
文摘Objective:To determine the prevalence and economic losses of Fasciola spp.isolates and costs incurred due to liver condemnation from ruminants in Kashan region,center of Iran from 2012 to 2013.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,a total number of 251 325 slaughtered sheep,goats and cattle(88939 sheep.151 924 goats and 10462 cattle) were examined via necropsy for fasciolasis in industrial Kashan abattoirs located in center of Iran.The average weight was calculated as 1 000 g for sheep,900 g for goat and 5000 g for cattle in this study region.Based on market value,the average price of a kilo gram of normal liver at Kashan city during the study period was 8 USD.The amount of main nutrients and vitamins elimination in liver contaminated to fascioliasis was determined.Results:Overall 3.28%of the livers were found to be infected.For total number of sheep,goats and cattle slaughtered annually in region study,it was estimated that 7505 livers were infected and total annual economic losses of fascioliasis of studied animals was 41 784 USD(based on market prices in study period).Of this.23 360 USD,30240 USD and 15400 USD were associated with the fascioliasis of sheep,goats and cattle,respectively.Conclusions:This study indicated that the Fasciola sp.clearly remains prevalent and causes considerable economic losses in study region in sheep,goats and cattle and presumably,other areas and hosts of Iran,providing baseline data for the future monitoring of this potentially important parasitic infection in the country.
文摘Fasciola hepatica, a leaf shaped trematode that is common in cattle, sheep and goats, is acquired by eating raw water plants like watercress or drinking water infected with the encysted form of the parasite. The varied clinical presentations of fascioliasis still make a high index of suspicion mandatory. Besides having a wide spectrum of hepatobiliary symptoms like obstructive jaundice, cholangitis and liver cirrhosis, the parasitic infection also has extrabiliary manifestations. Until recently, extrahepatic fascioliasis has been reported in the subcutaneous tissue, brain, lungs, epididymis, inguinal lymph nodes, stomach and the cecum. In this report, a strange manifestation of the fasciola infection in a site other than the liver, a colonic fascioliasis, is presented.
文摘Objective:Fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis are the two endemic parasitic diseases of Iran that make lots of economical damages annually.This study has been performed to evaluate infection rate of domesticated animals to fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis among of slaughtered animals in slaughterhouses of Iran.Methods:In this crosssectional study infection rate of slaughtered animals has been analyzed in 28 provinces of Iran during 5 years period(2003-2007).Results:It is indicated that infection rate was 4.84%to fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis in this five-year study period.Total removed livers were 815 807 and 771 026 numbers from consumption cycle for fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis respectively from 32 714 926 slaughtered animals.The highest infection rate was Gilan(20.91%),Mazandaran(16.36%),and Esfahan(9.95%) respectively among studied provinces while the lowest infection rate was indicated in Ilam(0.76%),Boushehr(0.84%),and Yazd(1.51%) respectively. Our data proved the highest frequency rate were identified in summer and autumn for both fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis.Conclusion:Fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis are continuously increasing in slaughter animals of Iran.Therefore the results of current study can improve and move up activities against these zoonosis diseases.
文摘In the process of sheep breeding, disease prevention and control is an essential management content. Clonorchiasis hepatica, as an easily occurring parasitic disease, will cause serious harm to the growth of sheep, resulting in poor development of sheep, reduced production capacity, poor physique, and even death when serious, thus affecting the long-term development of the whole breeding industry. For the regional breeding industry, in order to ensure the maximum benefit of sheep breeding, create favorable conditions for the healthy growth of sheep and improve the level of disease prevention and control, it is necessary to fully combine with the actual situation of regional breeding, construct a perfect disease prevention and control mechanism from various aspects, deeply analyze the causes and characteristics of the disease, and take targeted treatment measures to ensure the good development of the whole growth process of sheep, so as to maximize the breeding benefit.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatic eosinophilic pseudotumor(HEPT)is a rare condition that mimics ma-lignant hepatic tumors,posing significant diagnostic challenges.This case report highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections like Fasciola hepatica(F.hepatica)in the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses,especially in endemic regions,to prevent unnecessary interventions.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of epigastric pain and significant weight loss.Imaging revealed a hepatic mass,initially misdiagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Laboratory results showed marked eosinophilia,and histopathological examination confirmed significant eosinophilic infiltration without malignancy.Serological testing identified F.hepatica infection.The patient was treated with a single dose of triclabendazole,leading to complete symptom resolution and normalization of hepatic imaging findings within days.CONCLUSION HEPT due to F.hepatica can closely mimic malignancy;timely antiparasitic treat-ment is crucial for resolution.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation,No.FWES-2024-0035.
文摘Parasitic liver diseases can be caused by trematodes,cestodes,nematodes,and protozoa.This pathology is significant because millions of people in different parts of the world have liver parasites,which can manifest themselves in the development of inflammation,liver cysts,cholecystitis,cholelithiasis,pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis that are often threatening their lives.The International Agency for Research on Cancer considers three species of trematodes,Schistosoma haematobium,Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis,to be carcinogens.Complex modern examination methods,in some cases including extensive screening of large populations,are required for diagnosing liver parasites.Treatment of parasitic liver diseases is differentiated and can involve a combination of surgical and therapeutic measures.There is no doubt that the clinical and epidemiological scale allows one to regard parasitic liver diseases as a global healthcare problem.
文摘The knowledge about the population dynamics of freshwater snail intermediate host and their roles in disease transmission is little known in Bayelsa State. This study investigated the species composition of fresh water snail intermediate host in Amassoma community and the Niger Delta University Campuses during August 2019-October 2019 across five locations (Main campus Hostel, E.T.F Building, Ogboebi-Ama, Efeke-Ama, Ogbopina). Snails were collected from the water bodies with the aid of a scooping net and hand picking. The morphological identification of the snail intermediate host followed standard procedures. From the result, five hundred and seventy-one freshwater snails belonging to four genera and five species were recorded. The presence of Lymnae and Bulinus in the locations highlights foci for fascioliasis and schistosomiasis. The presence of Melanoides spp. is novel in Bayelsa State. The public health implications of these snails have called for timely control intervention.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the predatory capacity of the Odonata, Hemianax ephippiger nymph as a biocontrol agent for the freshwater snail Lymnaea natalensis, intermediate host of Fasciola gigantica. Methods: Observations on the searching, attacking and devouring of the snails with a series of laboratory-based predation experiments, whose aims were to determine daily predation rate, differential predation on small-, medium- and large-sized snails were carried out. Results: Laboratory evaluation revealed that, the Odonata nymph could kill and consume all three sizes of snails. Searching and handling time of the predator differed depending on snail size and predator vulnerability. The predation rate varied also with respect to snail size and density.Conclusions: Our observations suggested that the predator Hemianax ephippiger may be a suitable bio-control agent of Lymnaea natalensis snail population.
文摘Fasciola hepatica,an endemic parasite in Turkey,is still a very rare cause of cholestasis worldwide.Through ingestion of contaminated water plants like watercress,humans can become the definitive host of this parasite.Cholestatic symptoms may be sudden but in some cases they may be preceeded by a long period of fever,eosinophilia and vague gastrointestinal symptoms.We report a woman with cholangitis symptoms of sudden onset which was proved to be due to Fasciola hepatica infestation by an endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.
文摘Fasciola hepatica is a parasite of clinical and veterinary importance which causes fascioliasis that leads to reduction in milk and meat production. Bile samples were centrifuged at 1500 rpm for ten (10) minutes in a centrifuge machine and viewed microscopically to check for F. hepatica eggs. A total of 300 bile samples of cattle which included 155 males and 145 females were collected from the abattoir. Results were analyzed using chi-square (p > 0.05). The prevalence of F. gigantica and Dicrocoelium dentriticum is 33.0% (99) and 39.0% (117) respectively. Age prevalence of F. hepatica revealed that 0 - 2 years (33.7%, 29 cattle) were more infected than 2 - 4 years (32.7%, 70 cattle) while for D. dentriticum age 2 - 4 years were more infected than 0 - 2 years with prevalence of 40.2% (86) and 36.0% (31) respectively. No significant difference (P > 0.05) existed in prevalence in ages of the cattle. Out of the 300 bile samples examined, 22.3% (67 cattle) were co-infected with F. hepatica and D. dendriticum. Males were more co-infected than females having a prevalence of 24.5% (38 cattle) and 20.0% (29 cattle) respectively. Based on the age, samples of age 0 - 2 years were more co-infected than those of age 2 - 4 years with a prevalence of 23.3% (20 cattle) and 22.0% (47 cattle) respectively. The findings of this present study revealed that efforts to alleviate problems of animal health and productivity are yet to make any significant impact as this poses threat on human health. Investigation on the pattern of infections in cattle slaughtered should be strengthened.
