FactSage has been used to predict the ash behavior and ash fusion temperature (AFT) at high temperature under reducing atmosphere conditions. For Huainan coal ash samples, it has demonstrated a good agreement between ...FactSage has been used to predict the ash behavior and ash fusion temperature (AFT) at high temperature under reducing atmosphere conditions. For Huainan coal ash samples, it has demonstrated a good agreement between the liquid phase formation as the function of temperature and the tested AFT. The tested and predicted flow temperature (FT) for two typical Huainan coal ashes with the addition of CaO flux are quite fit with the maximum temperature difference less than 74 ℃ which is within acceptable range. It can be concluded that FactSage in combination with X-ray diffraction (XRD) can be used to predict the reactions occurring between minerals, as well as the mineral transformation and slag formation. This is probably an improved way to interpret melting properties of mineral matter in coal and assist in quantifying slag formation in gasifier operation.展开更多
Steel plate cold common （SPCC） is a Al-killed steel with Ca-treatment. The control of Al2O3 inclusion into low melting point liquid region is beneficial for inclusion removal, cast-ability promotion and defects redu...Steel plate cold common （SPCC） is a Al-killed steel with Ca-treatment. The control of Al2O3 inclusion into low melting point liquid region is beneficial for inclusion removal, cast-ability promotion and defects reduction during rolling. Thus it is essential to understand steel-inclusion equilibrium since inclusion composition is determined by composition of liquid steel directly through steel-inclusion reaction. Thermodynamic calculation software FactSage is performed to understand how to control inclusion composition during ladle furnace （LF） refining, and industrial trials are carried out to verify calculated results. Firstly, target region for controlling CaO-Al2O3-MgO ternary inclusion is analyzed on the basis of the ternary phase diagram and the relationship between activities related to pure solid and activities related to pure liquid was fixed by thermodynamic analysis in order to obtain reliable activities for components of inclusions in the target region by FactSage. In addition, inclusions in steel samples are detected by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. It is found that most of Al2O3 inclusions are modified into lower melting point region but a number of them are still located in high melting point region at the end of LF refining after Ca-treatment. Moreover, the composition of liquid steel equilibrating with liquid CaO-Al2O3-MgO inclusion is obtained by steel-inclusion equilibrium calculation when w[Al]s is approximating 0.03% as： a[O] is 1.0×10-6 to 4.0×10-6, w[Ca] is 20×10-6 to 50×10-6 and w[Mg] is 0.1×10-6 to 3.0×10-6. At last, stability diagrams of various calcium aluminates and CaS are established and they show that liquid calcium aluminate inclusions form when w[Ca] is more than 20×10-6, but CaS precipitation is difficult to prevent because sufficiently low w[S] （〈0.003%） is required.展开更多
FactSage has been used to predict the ash behavior and ash fusion temperature AFT at high tempera- ture under reducing atmosphere conditions. For Huainan coal ash samples, it has demonstrated a good agreement between ...FactSage has been used to predict the ash behavior and ash fusion temperature AFT at high tempera- ture under reducing atmosphere conditions. For Huainan coal ash samples, it has demonstrated a good agreement between the liquid phase formation as the function of temperature and the tested AFT. The tested and predicted flow temperature FT for two typical Huainan coal ashes with the addition of CaO flux are quite fit with the maximum temperature difference less than 74℃ which is within acceptable range. It can be concluded that FactSage in com- bination with X-ray diffraction XRD can be used to predict the reactions occurring between minerals, as well as the mineral transformation and slag formation. This is probably an improved way to interpret melting properties of mineral matter in coal and assist in quantifying slag formation in gasifier operation.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Ministry of Anhui Province (2004kj 125) and the Key Project of Huainan (2003001).
文摘FactSage has been used to predict the ash behavior and ash fusion temperature (AFT) at high temperature under reducing atmosphere conditions. For Huainan coal ash samples, it has demonstrated a good agreement between the liquid phase formation as the function of temperature and the tested AFT. The tested and predicted flow temperature (FT) for two typical Huainan coal ashes with the addition of CaO flux are quite fit with the maximum temperature difference less than 74 ℃ which is within acceptable range. It can be concluded that FactSage in combination with X-ray diffraction (XRD) can be used to predict the reactions occurring between minerals, as well as the mineral transformation and slag formation. This is probably an improved way to interpret melting properties of mineral matter in coal and assist in quantifying slag formation in gasifier operation.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61271303)
文摘Steel plate cold common （SPCC） is a Al-killed steel with Ca-treatment. The control of Al2O3 inclusion into low melting point liquid region is beneficial for inclusion removal, cast-ability promotion and defects reduction during rolling. Thus it is essential to understand steel-inclusion equilibrium since inclusion composition is determined by composition of liquid steel directly through steel-inclusion reaction. Thermodynamic calculation software FactSage is performed to understand how to control inclusion composition during ladle furnace （LF） refining, and industrial trials are carried out to verify calculated results. Firstly, target region for controlling CaO-Al2O3-MgO ternary inclusion is analyzed on the basis of the ternary phase diagram and the relationship between activities related to pure solid and activities related to pure liquid was fixed by thermodynamic analysis in order to obtain reliable activities for components of inclusions in the target region by FactSage. In addition, inclusions in steel samples are detected by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. It is found that most of Al2O3 inclusions are modified into lower melting point region but a number of them are still located in high melting point region at the end of LF refining after Ca-treatment. Moreover, the composition of liquid steel equilibrating with liquid CaO-Al2O3-MgO inclusion is obtained by steel-inclusion equilibrium calculation when w[Al]s is approximating 0.03% as： a[O] is 1.0×10-6 to 4.0×10-6, w[Ca] is 20×10-6 to 50×10-6 and w[Mg] is 0.1×10-6 to 3.0×10-6. At last, stability diagrams of various calcium aluminates and CaS are established and they show that liquid calcium aluminate inclusions form when w[Ca] is more than 20×10-6, but CaS precipitation is difficult to prevent because sufficiently low w[S] （〈0.003%） is required.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Ministry of Anhui Province (2004kj125)the Key Project ofHuainan (2003001)
文摘FactSage has been used to predict the ash behavior and ash fusion temperature AFT at high tempera- ture under reducing atmosphere conditions. For Huainan coal ash samples, it has demonstrated a good agreement between the liquid phase formation as the function of temperature and the tested AFT. The tested and predicted flow temperature FT for two typical Huainan coal ashes with the addition of CaO flux are quite fit with the maximum temperature difference less than 74℃ which is within acceptable range. It can be concluded that FactSage in com- bination with X-ray diffraction XRD can be used to predict the reactions occurring between minerals, as well as the mineral transformation and slag formation. This is probably an improved way to interpret melting properties of mineral matter in coal and assist in quantifying slag formation in gasifier operation.
