AIM： To clarify the effectiveness of CO2 insufflation in potentially difficult colonoscopy cases, particularly in relation to the experience level of colonoscopists. METHODS： One hundred twenty potentially difficult...AIM： To clarify the effectiveness of CO2 insufflation in potentially difficult colonoscopy cases, particularly in relation to the experience level of colonoscopists. METHODS： One hundred twenty potentially difficult cases were included in this study, which involved females with a low body mass index and patients with earlier abdominal and/or pelvic open surgery or previously diagnosed left-side colon diverticulosis. Patients receiving colonoscopy examinations without sedation using a pediatric variable-stiffness colonoscope were divided into two groups based on either CO2 or standard air insuffiation. Both insufflation procedures were also evaluated according to the experience level of the respective colonoscopists who were divided into an experienced colonoscopist （EC） group and a less experienced colonoscopist （LEC） group. Study measurements included a 100-mm visual analogue scale （VAS） for patient pain during and after colonoscopy examinations, in addition to insertion to the cecum and withdrawal times. RESULTS： Examination times did not differ, however, VAS scores in the CO2 group were significantly better than in the air group （P〈 0.001, two-way ANOVA） from immediately after the procedure and up to 2 h later. There were no significant differences between either insufflation method in the EC group （P = 0.29）, however, VAS scores for CO2 insufflation were significantly better than air insufflation in the LEC group （P = 0.023） immediately after colonoscopies and up to 4 h afterwards. CONCLUSION： CO2 insufflation reduced patient pain after colonoscopy in potentially difficult cases when performed by LECs.展开更多
Several scholars have reported high mental health problems among adolescents with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) globally. However, little is known about the mental health of this peculiar group of young people in...Several scholars have reported high mental health problems among adolescents with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) globally. However, little is known about the mental health of this peculiar group of young people in Choma district. This study aimed to determine the mental health problems experienced by HIV positive adolescents in Choma District. Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), data were obtained from 103 HIV positive adolescents receiving treatment at Choma General Hospital plus a corresponding number of parents/care givers. Information about mental health services was obtained qualitatively from 10 nurses working in the mental health unit and the Antiretroviral (ART) clinic. The results showed that more than three quarters of the adolescents had mental health problems. Of this number, 57.3 percent had multiple mental health problems: predominantly emotional and peer problems. The study also found a statistically significant relationship between level of stigma and presence of mental health problems (X2 = 1.123, P = 0.003). In conclusion, the study demonstrated that multiple mental health problems particularly emotional and peer problems are prevalent among adolescents with HIV/AIDS yet are most often undiagnosed. In addition, adolescents with high levels of internalized stigma are more likely to have multiple mental health problems. The findings suggest the need to integrate psychiatric services into routine care of HIV infected adolescents, routine screening for mental health problems and provision of continued professional development among nurses managing these patients.展开更多
The Spring Festival is the largest and most important festival in China and among Chinese communities worldwide.Having experienced the festival for six years in China,I have developed a deep appreciation for its cultu...The Spring Festival is the largest and most important festival in China and among Chinese communities worldwide.Having experienced the festival for six years in China,I have developed a deep appreciation for its cultural,social,and economic significance.展开更多
Objective：To explore the most effective herbal combinations commonly used by highly experienced Chinese medicine（CM） physicians for the treatment of insomnia.Methods：We collected and analyzed data related to insom...Objective：To explore the most effective herbal combinations commonly used by highly experienced Chinese medicine（CM） physicians for the treatment of insomnia.Methods：We collected and analyzed data related to insomnia treatment from the clinics of 7 highly experienced CM physicians in Beijing.The sample included 162 patients and 460 consultations in total.Patient outcomes,such as sleep quality and sleep time per day,were manually collected from the medical records by trained CM clinicians.Three data mining methods,support vector machine（SVM）,logistic regression and decision tree,and multifactor dimensionality reduction（MDR）,were used to determine and confirm the herbal combinations that resulted in positive outcomes in patients suffering from insomnia.Results：Results show that MDR is the most efficient method to predict the effective herbal combinations.Using the MDR model,we identified several combinations of herbs with 100%positive outcomes,such as stir-fried spine date seed,Szechwan lovage rhizome,and prepared thinleaf milkwort root;white peony root,golden thread,and stir-fried spine date seed;and Asiatic cornelian cherry fruit with fresh rehmannia.Conclusions：Results indicate that herbal combinations are effective treatments for patients with insomnia compared with individual herbs.It is also shown that MDR is a potent data mining method to identify the herbal combination with high rates of positive outcome.展开更多
This study investigates experienced teachers’resistance in an era of neoliberalism in Macao.The narratives of three experienced teachers are examined under a post-structuralist framework.The findings indicate that th...This study investigates experienced teachers’resistance in an era of neoliberalism in Macao.The narratives of three experienced teachers are examined under a post-structuralist framework.The findings indicate that the traditional Chinese Confucian ideology of education guides the experienced teachers’professional practice and offers them an alternative subject position to inhabit that makes it possible for them to establish a critical distance from the prevailing norms imposed by the hegemony of neoliberalism.Such a distance allows the experienced teachers to observe,to think otherwise and consequently to live out a different teaching life and to reassemble their identity around an empowered notion of self.The study concludes that the Confucian ideology of education has contributed to the transformation of the contemporary discursive context of Macao by promising a future for education,a future with a revisioned future rather than a neoliberal incorporation of the past.展开更多
The following was a keynote speech of the CAAM at an annual conference on the auto parts industry. 1.The first stage:to introduce the advanced technologies to localize car parts. In the mid 1980's,the auto industr...The following was a keynote speech of the CAAM at an annual conference on the auto parts industry. 1.The first stage:to introduce the advanced technologies to localize car parts. In the mid 1980's,the auto industry began introducing the car and展开更多
AIM:To report incidence,indications,and visual outcomes of intraocular lens(IOL)exchange/explantation surgery.METHODS:Retrospective analysis of 60 eyes requiring IOL exchange/explantation surgery between 1^(st) Januar...AIM:To report incidence,indications,and visual outcomes of intraocular lens(IOL)exchange/explantation surgery.METHODS:Retrospective analysis of 60 eyes requiring IOL exchange/explantation surgery between 1^(st) January 2017 and 31^(st) December 2022.The overall outcomes as well as comparison between the trainee versus experienced surgeons were analyzed.RESULTS:Out of 39778 cataract surgeries(with no preexisting ocular co-morbidities)during a six-year period(2017-2022),60(0.15%)needed IOL exchange/explantation.Surgeons-under-training performed 36/60 cases(60%)while 24/60(40%)were by experienced surgeons.The commonest indication was subluxated IOL in 26(43.3%),followed by dislocated IOL in 20(33.3%),postoperative refractive surprise in 7(11.6%),IOL induced uveitis in five and broken haptic in two eyes.Twenty-four(40%)eyes had intraoperative complications during primary surgery.Posterior chamber IOL(PCIOL)was the commonest secondary IOL in 21(35%)eyes,scleral fixated in 20(31.6%),anterior chamber IOL(ACIOL)in 13(21.6%),iris fixated IOL in three(5%)and three eyes(5%)were left aphakic.The mean time between primary and secondary surgery was 168d(168±338.8).Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of>20/60 was obtained in 43 eyes(71.66%),20/80-20/200 in 14(23.33%),20/250 in two and hand movements in one.No statistically significant difference in visual outcome was noted at post-op one month between trainees versus experienced surgeons(UCVA 0.45±0.29 vs 0.53±0.32,P=0.20,BCVA 0.34±0.25 vs 0.37±0.26,P=0.69).CONCLUSION:IOL subluxation as the commonest indication and posterior capsular rupture is the commonest intraoperative risk factor.This complication can be effectively addressed with selection of the appropriate secondary IOL achieving good visual outcomes in over 70% of patients.展开更多
From November 26 to December 3,2023,Professor Wu Dong of the International Wushu Development Research Center of the China Wushu School,Beijing Sport University went to Tanzania and Mauritius to give lectures.During th...From November 26 to December 3,2023,Professor Wu Dong of the International Wushu Development Research Center of the China Wushu School,Beijing Sport University went to Tanzania and Mauritius to give lectures.During the 8-day China Story Taijiquan lecture series,the people of Tanzania and Mauritius have got close to Taijiquan,understood the mystery of Taijiquan and experienced its effects on health.展开更多
CHINA Promising Drone Industry China’s drone industry has experienced rapid development,with a massive surge in the number of newly registered unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in H1 of 2024.
To explore the relationship between rear-end crash risk and its influencing factors, on-road experiments were conducted for measuring the individual vehicle trajectory data associated with novice and experienced drive...To explore the relationship between rear-end crash risk and its influencing factors, on-road experiments were conducted for measuring the individual vehicle trajectory data associated with novice and experienced drivers. The rear-end crash potential probability based on the time to collision was proposed to represent the interpretation of rear-end crash risk.One-way analysis of variance was applied to compare the rearend crash risks for novice and experienced drivers. The rearend crash risk models for novice and experienced drivers were respectively developed to identify the effects of contributing factors on the driver rear-end crash risk. Also, the cumulative residual method was used to examine the goodness-of-fit of models. The results show that there is a significant difference in rear-end risk between the novice and experienced drivers.For the novice drivers, three risk factors including the traffic volume, the number of lanes and gender are found to significantly impact on the rear-end crash risk, while significant impact factors for experienced drivers are the vehicle speed and traffic volume. The rear-end crash risk models perform well based on the existing limited data samples.展开更多
China has experienced dramatic changes in food consumption patterns over the last three decades. However, there are different opinions regarding the future trends in consumption. By adopting the well-developed partial...China has experienced dramatic changes in food consumption patterns over the last three decades. However, there are different opinions regarding the future trends in consumption. By adopting the well-developed partial equilibrium model-China Agricultural Policy Simulation Model（CAPSi M）, the demand for livestock products and the main feed crops over 2011–2030 is predicted and analyzed. It is found that China＇s per capita consumption of livestock products will continue to rise during this period, even though its growth rate will slow down gradually. Meanwhile, the expansion of livestock production will pose great challenges for feed supply in China. More accurately, China will be confronted with feed security rather than grain security in the future.展开更多
The objective of this research was to assess the characteristics of seismic induced damage and the deformation patterns of pre-stressed cement-grouted cables that are used for rock slope stabilization projects subject...The objective of this research was to assess the characteristics of seismic induced damage and the deformation patterns of pre-stressed cement-grouted cables that are used for rock slope stabilization projects subjected to quasi-static cyclic loading.The experimental configuration includes the installation of 15 pre-stressed cables in a slope model made of concrete blocks(theoretically rigid rock mass) on top of a pre-existing sliding surface.The study showed that:(i) The pre-stressed cables exhibited great seismic performance.Rapid displacement of the model blocks was observed after the complete loss of the initial pre-stress load under continued applied cyclic loads and exceedance of the state of equilibrium,which implies the higher the initial pre-stress load,the better the seismic performance of the rock anchor;(ii) The failure of the pre-stressed cables was due to fracture at the connection of the tendons and cable heads under cyclic loading.The sequence of failure had a distinct pattern.Failure was first observed at the upper row of cables,which experienced the most severe damage,including the ejection of cable heads.No evidence of de-bonding was observed during the cyclic loading;(iii) The stress distribution of the bond length for pre-stressed cables was highly non-uniform.High stress concentrations were observed at both the fixed end and the free end of the bond length both before and immediately after the state of equilibrium is exceeded.The results obtained can be used to evaluate the overall performance of pre-stressed rock anchors subject to seismic loading and their potential as rockfall prevention and stabilization measures.展开更多
We describe an observational study of clinical, virologic and drug resistance profiles in HIV-positive antiretroviral adherent subjects with stable low level viremia (LLV) 50 - 1000 copies/mL for more than 12 months. ...We describe an observational study of clinical, virologic and drug resistance profiles in HIV-positive antiretroviral adherent subjects with stable low level viremia (LLV) 50 - 1000 copies/mL for more than 12 months. Subjects were followed from time of first detectable viral load (VL). In total, 102 episodes of LLV were detected among 80 individuals. The median (mean, range) HIV copy number at genotyping was 250 (486, - 3900) copies/mL after 14 (17.9, 0 - 58) months of LLV. Few patients maintained LLV for the entire 9 years period of observation, with half (52%) experiencing viremic progression following a stable period of LLV either spontaneously or after treatment interruption or failed regimen intensification. In the setting of prolonged periods of sustained LLV, mean duration 22 (range 8 - 106) months, drug resistance (DR) was almost universal. Resistance to ≥1 on-treatment drugs was defined in 97% of specimens and DR to all drugs in the treatment regimen in over half of all patients. Evolution of DR mutations during the period of LLV was observed in 20/28 (71%) subjects with specimens available for follow-up testing. This evolution was associated with viremic progression to levels >1000 copies/mL (p = 0.03). Our data suggest that DR present in patients with LLV is likely to impact long term clinical outcomes, highlighting the importance of optimizing techniques to detect the presence of drug resistant HIV in the setting of LLV and the need for larger prospective studies to assess the emergence of DR in the setting of sustained LLV and the impact of this DR on treatment outcomes.展开更多
Using the empirical recipe of Wang Pengfei (a very experienced TCM doctor) as the main treatment, the authors treated 80 children with peptic ulcer by means of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis as wel...Using the empirical recipe of Wang Pengfei (a very experienced TCM doctor) as the main treatment, the authors treated 80 children with peptic ulcer by means of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis as well as regulating the flow of qi, alleviating pain, tonify-ing the stomach and reinforcing the spleen. Measures for hemostasis, correction of anemia and other general treatment were also taken. After 8 weeks of treatment, a total effective rate of 92.5% was obtained.展开更多
This study aimed to examine the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous catheter drainage（PCD） versus open laparotomy with temporary closure in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome（ACS） in ...This study aimed to examine the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous catheter drainage（PCD） versus open laparotomy with temporary closure in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome（ACS） in patients with early-stage severe acute pancreatitis（SAP）. Clinical data of 212 patients who underwent PCD and 61 patients who were given open laparotomy with temporary closure in our hospital over the last 10-year period were retrospectively analyzed, and outcomes were compared, including total and post-decompression intensive care unit（ICU） and hospital stays, physiological data, organ dysfunction, complications, and mortality. The results showed that the organ dysfunction scores were similar between the PCD and open laparotomy groups 72 h after decompression. In the PCD group, 134 of 212（63.2%） patients required postoperative ICU support versus 60 of 61（98.4%） in the open laparotomy group（P〈0.001）. Additionally, 87（41.0%） PCD patients experienced complications as compared to 49 of 61（80.3%） in the open laparotomy group（P〈0.001）. There were 40（18.9%） and 32（52.5%） deaths, respectively, in the PCD and open laparotomy groups（P〈0.001）. In conclusion, minimally invasive PCD is superior to open laparotomy with temporary closure, with fewer complications and deaths occurring in PCD group.展开更多
Prolonged exposure to coal dust may lead to various lung diseases, especially coal workers’ pneumoconiosis(CWP)[1]. Developed countries such as the United States experienced a resurgence of pneumoconiosis in the earl...Prolonged exposure to coal dust may lead to various lung diseases, especially coal workers’ pneumoconiosis(CWP)[1]. Developed countries such as the United States experienced a resurgence of pneumoconiosis in the early 20t h century[2], and this phenomenon has become even more critical in developing countries[3]such as China and India.展开更多
The Yangtze delta＇s response to accelerating river damming and irrigation is a topic of global concern. This research analyzed the general erosion-accretion of the submerged delta front, the spatio-temporal changing ...The Yangtze delta＇s response to accelerating river damming and irrigation is a topic of global concern. This research analyzed the general erosion-accretion of the submerged delta front, the spatio-temporal changing pattern in different sub-regions, the geomorphological changes in typical cross-sections, and the geomorphological causes of the four main sub-regions（the eastern tidal wetland of Chongming–CM, the Hengsha shoal–HS, the Jiuduansha wetland–JDS, and the eastern tidal wetland of Nanhui–NH）. Data sources include topographic data measured at high-resolution, sediment load at Datong Station, and the corresponding estuary construction information. Major findings are：（1） in general, the study area had slightly eroded（the erosion area ratio was 51.83% and the accretion area ratio was 48.17%） from 1982 to 2010, and it had experienced a shift of “erosion-accretion- erosion”. The spatio-temporal change of geomorphology was also significant in the eight sub-regions, excluding constant erosion in the North Channel;（2） evolution in eastern and northern CM and HS, northern JDS, and the region within the 5 m isobath of NH was dominated by vertical deposition, which was the opposite of that in southern CM and HS, and the region within the 5 m isobath of eastern and southern JDS;（3） on the whole, the encompassed surface areas（ESAs） of the 2 m and 5 m isobaths kept increasing, and the annual growth rates reached 10.42 km^2/yr and 7.99 km^2/yr respectively during 1982–2010（however, four sub-regions exhibited disagreements）, and in the whole region and all sub-regions, the ESA of the 10 m isobath decreased, while the ESA of the 15 m isobath changed slightly during the period and remained stable;（4） being less influenced by the estuarine engineering, CM was the only sub-region where the ESA of the isobath decreased in accordance with the decline of the sediment load. Major conclusions are that estuarine engineering projects play an increasingly important role in affecting the submerged delta against the macro-background of the reduction of sediment load, the change of ESA and the distribution of isobaths. Along with the accelerating construction of the Shanghai International Shipping Centre and reclamation project, the geomorphological evolution of the submerged delta will become more complex and thus deserves frequent monitoring in the future.展开更多
As the traditional control algorithm is over-dependent on accurate vehicle model in intelligent vehicle steering control,a human-simulated intelligent control method is proposed based on experienced driver steering ch...As the traditional control algorithm is over-dependent on accurate vehicle model in intelligent vehicle steering control,a human-simulated intelligent control method is proposed based on experienced driver steering characteristics.Intelligent vehicle unmanned steering system dynamics model and the driver model are set up.Through experienced drivers'trial run experiment,the analysis is mainly conducted on the double lanes condition.After the transformation of coordinates on global positioning system(GPS)derivative,the path information of local coordinates is accessed.The ideal driver steering path is obtained through fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm.The human-simulated intelligent controller is designed.Characteristic model is established according to the ideal and practical steering angle deviation and the deviation rate.Besides,the corresponding control rules and control modality set are designed.The joint simulation under CarSim joint/Simulink environment shows that the humanoid steering controller designed in this paper has better tracking performance than the model predictive control.展开更多
基金Supported by The Japanese Foundation for Research and Promotion of Endoscopy (JFE)
文摘AIM： To clarify the effectiveness of CO2 insufflation in potentially difficult colonoscopy cases, particularly in relation to the experience level of colonoscopists. METHODS： One hundred twenty potentially difficult cases were included in this study, which involved females with a low body mass index and patients with earlier abdominal and/or pelvic open surgery or previously diagnosed left-side colon diverticulosis. Patients receiving colonoscopy examinations without sedation using a pediatric variable-stiffness colonoscope were divided into two groups based on either CO2 or standard air insuffiation. Both insufflation procedures were also evaluated according to the experience level of the respective colonoscopists who were divided into an experienced colonoscopist （EC） group and a less experienced colonoscopist （LEC） group. Study measurements included a 100-mm visual analogue scale （VAS） for patient pain during and after colonoscopy examinations, in addition to insertion to the cecum and withdrawal times. RESULTS： Examination times did not differ, however, VAS scores in the CO2 group were significantly better than in the air group （P〈 0.001, two-way ANOVA） from immediately after the procedure and up to 2 h later. There were no significant differences between either insufflation method in the EC group （P = 0.29）, however, VAS scores for CO2 insufflation were significantly better than air insufflation in the LEC group （P = 0.023） immediately after colonoscopies and up to 4 h afterwards. CONCLUSION： CO2 insufflation reduced patient pain after colonoscopy in potentially difficult cases when performed by LECs.
文摘Several scholars have reported high mental health problems among adolescents with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) globally. However, little is known about the mental health of this peculiar group of young people in Choma district. This study aimed to determine the mental health problems experienced by HIV positive adolescents in Choma District. Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), data were obtained from 103 HIV positive adolescents receiving treatment at Choma General Hospital plus a corresponding number of parents/care givers. Information about mental health services was obtained qualitatively from 10 nurses working in the mental health unit and the Antiretroviral (ART) clinic. The results showed that more than three quarters of the adolescents had mental health problems. Of this number, 57.3 percent had multiple mental health problems: predominantly emotional and peer problems. The study also found a statistically significant relationship between level of stigma and presence of mental health problems (X2 = 1.123, P = 0.003). In conclusion, the study demonstrated that multiple mental health problems particularly emotional and peer problems are prevalent among adolescents with HIV/AIDS yet are most often undiagnosed. In addition, adolescents with high levels of internalized stigma are more likely to have multiple mental health problems. The findings suggest the need to integrate psychiatric services into routine care of HIV infected adolescents, routine screening for mental health problems and provision of continued professional development among nurses managing these patients.
文摘The Spring Festival is the largest and most important festival in China and among Chinese communities worldwide.Having experienced the festival for six years in China,I have developed a deep appreciation for its cultural,social,and economic significance.
基金Supported by Programmes of Beijing Municipal S&T Commission,China(No.D08050703020803, D08050703020804)China Key Technologies R&D Programme (No.2007BA110B06-01) National S&T Major Project(No. 2009ZX09301-005-010)
文摘Objective：To explore the most effective herbal combinations commonly used by highly experienced Chinese medicine（CM） physicians for the treatment of insomnia.Methods：We collected and analyzed data related to insomnia treatment from the clinics of 7 highly experienced CM physicians in Beijing.The sample included 162 patients and 460 consultations in total.Patient outcomes,such as sleep quality and sleep time per day,were manually collected from the medical records by trained CM clinicians.Three data mining methods,support vector machine（SVM）,logistic regression and decision tree,and multifactor dimensionality reduction（MDR）,were used to determine and confirm the herbal combinations that resulted in positive outcomes in patients suffering from insomnia.Results：Results show that MDR is the most efficient method to predict the effective herbal combinations.Using the MDR model,we identified several combinations of herbs with 100%positive outcomes,such as stir-fried spine date seed,Szechwan lovage rhizome,and prepared thinleaf milkwort root;white peony root,golden thread,and stir-fried spine date seed;and Asiatic cornelian cherry fruit with fresh rehmannia.Conclusions：Results indicate that herbal combinations are effective treatments for patients with insomnia compared with individual herbs.It is also shown that MDR is a potent data mining method to identify the herbal combination with high rates of positive outcome.
文摘This study investigates experienced teachers’resistance in an era of neoliberalism in Macao.The narratives of three experienced teachers are examined under a post-structuralist framework.The findings indicate that the traditional Chinese Confucian ideology of education guides the experienced teachers’professional practice and offers them an alternative subject position to inhabit that makes it possible for them to establish a critical distance from the prevailing norms imposed by the hegemony of neoliberalism.Such a distance allows the experienced teachers to observe,to think otherwise and consequently to live out a different teaching life and to reassemble their identity around an empowered notion of self.The study concludes that the Confucian ideology of education has contributed to the transformation of the contemporary discursive context of Macao by promising a future for education,a future with a revisioned future rather than a neoliberal incorporation of the past.
文摘The following was a keynote speech of the CAAM at an annual conference on the auto parts industry. 1.The first stage:to introduce the advanced technologies to localize car parts. In the mid 1980's,the auto industry began introducing the car and
文摘AIM:To report incidence,indications,and visual outcomes of intraocular lens(IOL)exchange/explantation surgery.METHODS:Retrospective analysis of 60 eyes requiring IOL exchange/explantation surgery between 1^(st) January 2017 and 31^(st) December 2022.The overall outcomes as well as comparison between the trainee versus experienced surgeons were analyzed.RESULTS:Out of 39778 cataract surgeries(with no preexisting ocular co-morbidities)during a six-year period(2017-2022),60(0.15%)needed IOL exchange/explantation.Surgeons-under-training performed 36/60 cases(60%)while 24/60(40%)were by experienced surgeons.The commonest indication was subluxated IOL in 26(43.3%),followed by dislocated IOL in 20(33.3%),postoperative refractive surprise in 7(11.6%),IOL induced uveitis in five and broken haptic in two eyes.Twenty-four(40%)eyes had intraoperative complications during primary surgery.Posterior chamber IOL(PCIOL)was the commonest secondary IOL in 21(35%)eyes,scleral fixated in 20(31.6%),anterior chamber IOL(ACIOL)in 13(21.6%),iris fixated IOL in three(5%)and three eyes(5%)were left aphakic.The mean time between primary and secondary surgery was 168d(168±338.8).Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of>20/60 was obtained in 43 eyes(71.66%),20/80-20/200 in 14(23.33%),20/250 in two and hand movements in one.No statistically significant difference in visual outcome was noted at post-op one month between trainees versus experienced surgeons(UCVA 0.45±0.29 vs 0.53±0.32,P=0.20,BCVA 0.34±0.25 vs 0.37±0.26,P=0.69).CONCLUSION:IOL subluxation as the commonest indication and posterior capsular rupture is the commonest intraoperative risk factor.This complication can be effectively addressed with selection of the appropriate secondary IOL achieving good visual outcomes in over 70% of patients.
文摘From November 26 to December 3,2023,Professor Wu Dong of the International Wushu Development Research Center of the China Wushu School,Beijing Sport University went to Tanzania and Mauritius to give lectures.During the 8-day China Story Taijiquan lecture series,the people of Tanzania and Mauritius have got close to Taijiquan,understood the mystery of Taijiquan and experienced its effects on health.
文摘CHINA Promising Drone Industry China’s drone industry has experienced rapid development,with a massive surge in the number of newly registered unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in H1 of 2024.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51478110)
文摘To explore the relationship between rear-end crash risk and its influencing factors, on-road experiments were conducted for measuring the individual vehicle trajectory data associated with novice and experienced drivers. The rear-end crash potential probability based on the time to collision was proposed to represent the interpretation of rear-end crash risk.One-way analysis of variance was applied to compare the rearend crash risks for novice and experienced drivers. The rearend crash risk models for novice and experienced drivers were respectively developed to identify the effects of contributing factors on the driver rear-end crash risk. Also, the cumulative residual method was used to examine the goodness-of-fit of models. The results show that there is a significant difference in rear-end risk between the novice and experienced drivers.For the novice drivers, three risk factors including the traffic volume, the number of lanes and gender are found to significantly impact on the rear-end crash risk, while significant impact factors for experienced drivers are the vehicle speed and traffic volume. The rear-end crash risk models perform well based on the existing limited data samples.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71373255)the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2012RC102)the National Maize Industrial Technical System,China(nycytx-02)
文摘China has experienced dramatic changes in food consumption patterns over the last three decades. However, there are different opinions regarding the future trends in consumption. By adopting the well-developed partial equilibrium model-China Agricultural Policy Simulation Model（CAPSi M）, the demand for livestock products and the main feed crops over 2011–2030 is predicted and analyzed. It is found that China＇s per capita consumption of livestock products will continue to rise during this period, even though its growth rate will slow down gradually. Meanwhile, the expansion of livestock production will pose great challenges for feed supply in China. More accurately, China will be confronted with feed security rather than grain security in the future.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grant No.2013CB733202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41102191)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology) (Grant No.SKLGP2011Z019)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11670589)
文摘The objective of this research was to assess the characteristics of seismic induced damage and the deformation patterns of pre-stressed cement-grouted cables that are used for rock slope stabilization projects subjected to quasi-static cyclic loading.The experimental configuration includes the installation of 15 pre-stressed cables in a slope model made of concrete blocks(theoretically rigid rock mass) on top of a pre-existing sliding surface.The study showed that:(i) The pre-stressed cables exhibited great seismic performance.Rapid displacement of the model blocks was observed after the complete loss of the initial pre-stress load under continued applied cyclic loads and exceedance of the state of equilibrium,which implies the higher the initial pre-stress load,the better the seismic performance of the rock anchor;(ii) The failure of the pre-stressed cables was due to fracture at the connection of the tendons and cable heads under cyclic loading.The sequence of failure had a distinct pattern.Failure was first observed at the upper row of cables,which experienced the most severe damage,including the ejection of cable heads.No evidence of de-bonding was observed during the cyclic loading;(iii) The stress distribution of the bond length for pre-stressed cables was highly non-uniform.High stress concentrations were observed at both the fixed end and the free end of the bond length both before and immediately after the state of equilibrium is exceeded.The results obtained can be used to evaluate the overall performance of pre-stressed rock anchors subject to seismic loading and their potential as rockfall prevention and stabilization measures.
文摘We describe an observational study of clinical, virologic and drug resistance profiles in HIV-positive antiretroviral adherent subjects with stable low level viremia (LLV) 50 - 1000 copies/mL for more than 12 months. Subjects were followed from time of first detectable viral load (VL). In total, 102 episodes of LLV were detected among 80 individuals. The median (mean, range) HIV copy number at genotyping was 250 (486, - 3900) copies/mL after 14 (17.9, 0 - 58) months of LLV. Few patients maintained LLV for the entire 9 years period of observation, with half (52%) experiencing viremic progression following a stable period of LLV either spontaneously or after treatment interruption or failed regimen intensification. In the setting of prolonged periods of sustained LLV, mean duration 22 (range 8 - 106) months, drug resistance (DR) was almost universal. Resistance to ≥1 on-treatment drugs was defined in 97% of specimens and DR to all drugs in the treatment regimen in over half of all patients. Evolution of DR mutations during the period of LLV was observed in 20/28 (71%) subjects with specimens available for follow-up testing. This evolution was associated with viremic progression to levels >1000 copies/mL (p = 0.03). Our data suggest that DR present in patients with LLV is likely to impact long term clinical outcomes, highlighting the importance of optimizing techniques to detect the presence of drug resistant HIV in the setting of LLV and the need for larger prospective studies to assess the emergence of DR in the setting of sustained LLV and the impact of this DR on treatment outcomes.
文摘Using the empirical recipe of Wang Pengfei (a very experienced TCM doctor) as the main treatment, the authors treated 80 children with peptic ulcer by means of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis as well as regulating the flow of qi, alleviating pain, tonify-ing the stomach and reinforcing the spleen. Measures for hemostasis, correction of anemia and other general treatment were also taken. After 8 weeks of treatment, a total effective rate of 92.5% was obtained.
文摘This study aimed to examine the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous catheter drainage（PCD） versus open laparotomy with temporary closure in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome（ACS） in patients with early-stage severe acute pancreatitis（SAP）. Clinical data of 212 patients who underwent PCD and 61 patients who were given open laparotomy with temporary closure in our hospital over the last 10-year period were retrospectively analyzed, and outcomes were compared, including total and post-decompression intensive care unit（ICU） and hospital stays, physiological data, organ dysfunction, complications, and mortality. The results showed that the organ dysfunction scores were similar between the PCD and open laparotomy groups 72 h after decompression. In the PCD group, 134 of 212（63.2%） patients required postoperative ICU support versus 60 of 61（98.4%） in the open laparotomy group（P〈0.001）. Additionally, 87（41.0%） PCD patients experienced complications as compared to 49 of 61（80.3%） in the open laparotomy group（P〈0.001）. There were 40（18.9%） and 32（52.5%） deaths, respectively, in the PCD and open laparotomy groups（P〈0.001）. In conclusion, minimally invasive PCD is superior to open laparotomy with temporary closure, with fewer complications and deaths occurring in PCD group.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFM)[no. 2016-12M-3-001]the China Medical Board “Strengthen Capacity of Study and Application on Burden of Disease in Health Care System of China–Establishment and Development of Chinese Burden of Disease Research and Dissemination Center”[no. 15-208]。
文摘Prolonged exposure to coal dust may lead to various lung diseases, especially coal workers’ pneumoconiosis(CWP)[1]. Developed countries such as the United States experienced a resurgence of pneumoconiosis in the early 20t h century[2], and this phenomenon has become even more critical in developing countries[3]such as China and India.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.71373084 Global Change Scientific Research Program of China, No.2010CB951204 Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, No. 13ZZ035.Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Professor Xu Shiyuan of School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, China, and Professor Yu Zhiying of State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, China, who gave us great help on this research and constructive advice to the paper.
文摘The Yangtze delta＇s response to accelerating river damming and irrigation is a topic of global concern. This research analyzed the general erosion-accretion of the submerged delta front, the spatio-temporal changing pattern in different sub-regions, the geomorphological changes in typical cross-sections, and the geomorphological causes of the four main sub-regions（the eastern tidal wetland of Chongming–CM, the Hengsha shoal–HS, the Jiuduansha wetland–JDS, and the eastern tidal wetland of Nanhui–NH）. Data sources include topographic data measured at high-resolution, sediment load at Datong Station, and the corresponding estuary construction information. Major findings are：（1） in general, the study area had slightly eroded（the erosion area ratio was 51.83% and the accretion area ratio was 48.17%） from 1982 to 2010, and it had experienced a shift of “erosion-accretion- erosion”. The spatio-temporal change of geomorphology was also significant in the eight sub-regions, excluding constant erosion in the North Channel;（2） evolution in eastern and northern CM and HS, northern JDS, and the region within the 5 m isobath of NH was dominated by vertical deposition, which was the opposite of that in southern CM and HS, and the region within the 5 m isobath of eastern and southern JDS;（3） on the whole, the encompassed surface areas（ESAs） of the 2 m and 5 m isobaths kept increasing, and the annual growth rates reached 10.42 km^2/yr and 7.99 km^2/yr respectively during 1982–2010（however, four sub-regions exhibited disagreements）, and in the whole region and all sub-regions, the ESA of the 10 m isobath decreased, while the ESA of the 15 m isobath changed slightly during the period and remained stable;（4） being less influenced by the estuarine engineering, CM was the only sub-region where the ESA of the isobath decreased in accordance with the decline of the sediment load. Major conclusions are that estuarine engineering projects play an increasingly important role in affecting the submerged delta against the macro-background of the reduction of sediment load, the change of ESA and the distribution of isobaths. Along with the accelerating construction of the Shanghai International Shipping Centre and reclamation project, the geomorphological evolution of the submerged delta will become more complex and thus deserves frequent monitoring in the future.
基金the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2017YFB0102500)the Tianjin Science and Technology Commission Artificial Intelligence Major Project(No.17ZRXGGX00130)the Key Issues of China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co.,Ltd.(No.16190125)
文摘As the traditional control algorithm is over-dependent on accurate vehicle model in intelligent vehicle steering control,a human-simulated intelligent control method is proposed based on experienced driver steering characteristics.Intelligent vehicle unmanned steering system dynamics model and the driver model are set up.Through experienced drivers'trial run experiment,the analysis is mainly conducted on the double lanes condition.After the transformation of coordinates on global positioning system(GPS)derivative,the path information of local coordinates is accessed.The ideal driver steering path is obtained through fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm.The human-simulated intelligent controller is designed.Characteristic model is established according to the ideal and practical steering angle deviation and the deviation rate.Besides,the corresponding control rules and control modality set are designed.The joint simulation under CarSim joint/Simulink environment shows that the humanoid steering controller designed in this paper has better tracking performance than the model predictive control.
