How exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics affect and enhance the audience’s comprehensive experiences was discussed from aspects of bodily perception,spatial interaction,emotional resonance,and value identific...How exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics affect and enhance the audience’s comprehensive experiences was discussed from aspects of bodily perception,spatial interaction,emotional resonance,and value identification,and the experience design of exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics was further studied to better carry and convey the spirit of the revolution.Guided by embodied theory,this study was provided with methodological support from various perspectives,and analyzed the current development and existing problems of exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics through field investigations.Currently,embodied theory is gradually being applied in exhibition design,and the focus of exhibitions is shifted from“objects”to“people”.By collecting direct feelings and feedback from the audience on the exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics,and theoretical construction and practical application for the experience design of these exhibitions are solidly supported.The needs for emotional and inspirational awakening,education and learning,participation and interaction were revealed.Based on the audience’s behavior,a four-step design method was proposed:enhancing the sense of place,enriching sensory experience,strengthening interactive experiences,and fostering a sense of belonging.Through the application of experiential design in these four dimensions,it aims to reshape the methods of exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics and promote a deep integration between the exhibitions and embodied theory.展开更多
In the era of experience economy, customers do not always focus on the functional attributes of goods or services, but pay more attention to experiences. Therefore, firms have to manage to offer their customers a uniq...In the era of experience economy, customers do not always focus on the functional attributes of goods or services, but pay more attention to experiences. Therefore, firms have to manage to offer their customers a unique, memorable and valuable experience actively in the process brand establishment. With the development of mobile Internet and the use of application （APP）, the brand communication among customers and providers has been strengthened. The research purpose is to help hotel marketers figure out how to implement brand communication with brand experience of APP for hotel. It is founded that sensory brand experience design and social brand experience all have positive influence on customer brand loyalty.展开更多
According to data from the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes in the Elderly,there are approximately 35.5 million elderly diabetic patients over the age of 65 in China,accounting for 1/4 of...According to data from the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes in the Elderly,there are approximately 35.5 million elderly diabetic patients over the age of 65 in China,accounting for 1/4 of the total number of elderly diabetic patients worldwide,and this number is still on the rise.This article analyzes and studies the wearable glucose meters for the elderly from the characteristics and lifestyle features of elderly diabetic patients,starting from the perspective of user experience and combining with the Positive Experience Design theory.The design strategies for elderly wearable glucose meters based on the Positive Experience Design theory are concluded,aiming to enhance the blood sugar control experience of the elderly and promote their active participation in blood sugar management,in order to improve the diabetes management experience and health status of the elderly.展开更多
A spice formulation study in Burkina Faso was carried out using local ingredients for the benefit of households. The objective of this study was to propose some spice formulations based on local ingredients in order t...A spice formulation study in Burkina Faso was carried out using local ingredients for the benefit of households. The objective of this study was to propose some spice formulations based on local ingredients in order to reduce the use of chemical spices in the preparation of different dishes. The Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology was used for the formulation of the spices and their physicochemical, nutritional and sensory characteristics were evaluated by standardized and standard methods. The results obtained showed lipid contents (g/100 g DM) ranging from 10.41 ± 0.26 to 15.64 ± 0.68, total sugars from 4.39 ± 0.32 to 5.46 ± 0.31, protein from 3.65 ± 0.17 to 12.04 ± 0.35 and ash from 5.83 ± 0.01 to 7.02 ± 0.01. The polyphenol content ranged from 9.09 ± 1.60 to 11.33 ± 0.90, and the flavonoid content ranged from 0.65 ± 0.03 to 1.08 ± 0.13. The sensory analysis carried out showed that the spices have generally satisfactory organoleptic characteristics. These results constitute new information in the diet of populations and are an alternative to the chemical spices used in their cooking.展开更多
Ecotourism experience means that tourists obtain ecological enjoyment,ecological perception and ecological aesthetic taste through the senses and thinking activities in ecotourism activities.Shennongjia has excellent ...Ecotourism experience means that tourists obtain ecological enjoyment,ecological perception and ecological aesthetic taste through the senses and thinking activities in ecotourism activities.Shennongjia has excellent ecological environment,but lacks deep experience ecotourism products.Based on the principles of ecotourism experience design,the ecotourism experience theme,ecotourism experience product and ecotourism experience atmosphere of Shennongjia are designed.展开更多
Metaverse,once a concept confined to science fiction,has emerged as a transformative reality during the digital era.As this immersive virtual world gains prominence,the role of avatars and the digital representations ...Metaverse,once a concept confined to science fiction,has emerged as a transformative reality during the digital era.As this immersive virtual world gains prominence,the role of avatars and the digital representations of users in shaping educational experiences within a metaverse becomes increasingly crucial.This study examined the design of avatars and their effectiveness in virtual education.Using the cognitive walkthrough(CW)method,a well-established user-centric assessment approach,this study examined how users engage in avatar design in virtual educational settings,highlighting their cognitive processes.Through the CW approach,this study identified usability issues and learning challenges,providing valuable insights into the user experience.The investigation focuses on the VRoid platform for avatar design,selected for its user-friendly interface and robust customization features.Participants(n=12;six men and six women)from diverse educational backgrounds were carefully selected to offer a comprehensive range of perspectives.They performed avatar design tasks that closely mirrored the learning environment of the metaverse,followed by in-depth post-exercise interviews.The findings of this study highlight the essential role of avatar design in enhancing user engagement and improving the learning outcomes of virtual education.Furthermore,we provide practical recommendations for educators and designers to effectively leverage avatar innovation.In a continuously evolving era of metaverse,this research contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse on user-centered design in educational settings,thereby influencing the future trajectory of virtual education.展开更多
Inspired by Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of perception and the concept of“body-subject”,this study advances a new paradigm of“embodied”design thinking.This approach not only investigates how design can f...Inspired by Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of perception and the concept of“body-subject”,this study advances a new paradigm of“embodied”design thinking.This approach not only investigates how design can foster an organic connection between people and the world but also delves into the“embodiment of emotions”within design practices,thereby strengthening emotional resonance and empathy between design works and individuals.This transformation in design thinking holds significant importance for advancing and deepening research into design methodologies.The research aims to enhance the understanding of the intrinsic logic within design,aiding designers in creating works that resonate more profoundly with human daily productivity and life,and facilitating an emotional dialogue between the design and its users.Originating from a profound human-centered design philosophy and guided by Don Ihde’s theory of embodiment,the study begins with the functional relationships of bodily embodiment,employing phenomenological methods in design,enriched by in-depth case study analysis.Our research analysis has revealed three core logics of bodily embodiment in design:The logic of behavioral embodiment emphasizes innate and acquired human behavioral patterns;the logic of organ embodiment pertains to the interactions between internal organs and the external environment;and the logic of scenographic embodiment includes the design of empathetic scenes and subtler environmental layouts.In essence,this study underscores that modern design logic should consider the interplay between the human body,behavior,and the environment.Such Embodied Design logic offers new theoretical perspectives and guiding principles for future research and practical applications in design methodologies.展开更多
The present work is aimed at determining the optimal geometry layout of a wave energy converter platform for plate energy harvesting performance.A linear potential fluid theory method was applied to analyzing the inte...The present work is aimed at determining the optimal geometry layout of a wave energy converter platform for plate energy harvesting performance.A linear potential fluid theory method was applied to analyzing the interaction between the platform and plate.Three factors of layout geometry were tested and the performance of the plate was analyzed.The methodology of design of experiments was used to confirm factor significance and build response surface model.The 1st order model and the 2nd order model were built to describe the relation between factors and plate performance.The significance of two factors and their interactions were revealed,and an optimal parameter set was found.The wave form in front of the plate confirmed the interactions.It is clear that a wide entrance and enclosing channel for waves can maximize the plate performance.展开更多
With the continuous development of the national economy and the improvement of the design industry,the wayfinding system has gradually been accepted and valued by the public,and the research on the wayfinding system o...With the continuous development of the national economy and the improvement of the design industry,the wayfinding system has gradually been accepted and valued by the public,and the research on the wayfinding system of the public environment has become more and more in-depth.In recent years,the research on the wayfinding system has begun to develop into the integration of human culture and cultural implantation in the environment,forming a new visual system design concept,Environment Graphic Design.With the deepening of research,environmental graphic design has once again developed and deepened,studying the detailed experience of people in the environment and presenting it in the form of graphic design.That is,Experience Graphic Design.This article will discuss the application of environmental graphic experience design in the construction of characteristic tourism from the perspective of signage design.展开更多
Some of the author's experiences of aircraft design are described in the present report, and it is hoped that they would be of some interest to the aircraft designers.
Soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is significant to estimate the site-specific unsaturated soil properties (such as unsaturated shear strength and coefficient of permeability) for geotechnical analyses involving ...Soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is significant to estimate the site-specific unsaturated soil properties (such as unsaturated shear strength and coefficient of permeability) for geotechnical analyses involving unsaturated soils. Determining SWCC can be achieved by fitting data points obtained according to the prescribed experimental scheme, which is specified by the number of measuring points and their corresponding values of the control variable. The number of measuring points is limited since direct measurement of SWCC is often costly and time-consuming. Based on the limited number of measuring points, the estimated SWCC is unavoidably associated with uncertainties, which depends on measurement data obtained from the prescribed experimental scheme. Therefore, it is essential to plan the experimental scheme so as to reduce the uncertainty in the estimated SWCC. This study presented a Bayesian approach, called OBEDO, for probabilistic experimental design optimization of measuring SWCC based on the prior knowledge and information of testing apparatus. The uncertainty in estimated SWCC is quantified and the optimal experimental scheme with the maximum expected utility is determined by Subset Simulation optimization (SSO) in candidate experimental scheme space. The proposed approach is illustrated using an experimental design example given prior knowledge and the information of testing apparatus and is verified based on a set of real loess SWCC data, which were used to generate random experimental schemes to mimic the arbitrary arrangement of measuring points during SWCC testing in practice. Results show that the arbitrary arrangement of measuring points of SWCC testing is hardly superior to the optimal scheme obtained from OBEDO in terms of the expected utility. The proposed OBEDO approach provides a rational tool to optimize the arrangement of measuring points of SWCC test so as to obtain SWCC measurement data with relatively high expected utility for uncertainty reduction.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore the biological effect of low energy ion beam mediated parameters with fractional factorial design method. [Method] The twin-embryos seed of autotetraploid rice DER10-04-01 was taken ...[Objective] The aim was to explore the biological effect of low energy ion beam mediated parameters with fractional factorial design method. [Method] The twin-embryos seed of autotetraploid rice DER10-04-01 was taken as the receptor material,and the Elymus dahuricus Turcz. was used as materials to provide DNA to carry out the ion beam mediated experiment. And the fractional factorial design method was used to study the parameters of low enery N＋ ion beam mediated foreign genes into rice. [Result] The implantation energy,dose,DNA concentrations and immersion time of DNA showed significant biological effects on the normal growth and development of DER10-04-01,in which the biological effects of implantation dose and DNA concentrations were relatively obvious. [Conclusion] The implantation energy,dose,DNA concentrations and immersion time of DNA were major factors showing important effects on the experimental result in ion beam mediated foreign genetic materials.展开更多
Device robust-design is inherently a multiple-objective optimization problem.Using design of experiments (DoE) combined with response surface methodology (RSM) can satisfy the great incentive to reduce the number of t...Device robust-design is inherently a multiple-objective optimization problem.Using design of experiments (DoE) combined with response surface methodology (RSM) can satisfy the great incentive to reduce the number of technology CAD(TCAD) simulations that need to be performed.However,the errors of RSM models might be large enough to diminish the validity of the results for some nonlinear problems.To find the feasible design space,a new method with objectives-oriented design in generations that takes the errors of RSM model into account is presented.After the augment design of experiments in promising space according to the results of RSM model in current generation,the feasible space will be emerging as the model errors deceasing.The results on FIBMOS examples show that the methodology is efficient.展开更多
Food production demand is constantly growing,entailing a proportional increment in fertilisers and pharmaceuticals use,which are eventually introduced to the environment,leading,among others,to an imbalance in the nit...Food production demand is constantly growing,entailing a proportional increment in fertilisers and pharmaceuticals use,which are eventually introduced to the environment,leading,among others,to an imbalance in the nitrogen cycle.Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction is a delocalised route for nitrates elimination and green ammonia production.In the present study,we carry out nitrates electroreduction over a commercial MoS_(2)catalyst,focusing on optimising selected input factors affecting the reaction.Concretely,Doehlert design of experiment and response surface methodology are employed to find the proper combination of supporting salt concentration in the electrolyte,applied potential,and catalyst loading at the working electrode,with the overall aim to boost Faradaic efficiency(FE)and ammonia production.As a matter of fact,varying these input factors,the obtained FE values ranged from∼2%to∼80%,highlighting the strength of the newly conceived approach.Moreover,our multivariate strategy allows the quantification of each factor effect and elucidates hidden interactions between them.Finally,successful extended durability tests are performed for 100 h at both FE and productivity(P)optimal conditions.In parallel,cell electrodes are characterised by in-depth structural,morphological,and surface techniques,before and after ageing,overall demonstrating the outstanding stability of the proposed electrochemical reactor.展开更多
Paper and pulp mills generate substantial volumes of wastewater containing lignin-derived compounds that are challenging to degrade using conventional wastewater treatment methods.This study presents a novel biofilm-b...Paper and pulp mills generate substantial volumes of wastewater containing lignin-derived compounds that are challenging to degrade using conventional wastewater treatment methods.This study presents a novel biofilm-based process for enhanced lignin removal in wastewater using the fungus Neurospora discreta,which effectively degrades lignin and forms robust biofilms at the air–liquid interface under specific conditions.The process was optimised using the Taguchi design of experiments approach,and three factors including pH,copper sulphate concentration,and trace element concentration were evaluated at three levels.Experimental data were analysed against three responses:lignin degradation efficiency and the activities of two ligninolytic enzymes(polyphenol oxidase and versatile peroxidase).The results indicated that wastewater pH was the most significant parameter affecting lignin degradation efficiency and enzyme activities.Over 70%lignin degradation was achieved at pH levels of 5 and 6 with copper sulphate concentrations above 4 mg/L,while degradation efficiency drastically dropped to 45%at a pH value of 7.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated the effects of the three factors on the polar and non-polar components of lignin in wastewater,revealing a clear decrease in all peak areas after treatment.Additionally,significant relationships were observed between biofilm properties(including porosity,water retention value,polysaccharide content,and protein content)and lignin removal efficiency.This study also reported for the first time the presence of versatile peroxidase,a ligninolytic enzyme,in Neurospora sp.展开更多
Efficient experiment design is of great significance for the validation of simulation model with high nonlinearity and large input space.Excessive validation experiment raises the cost while insufficient test increase...Efficient experiment design is of great significance for the validation of simulation model with high nonlinearity and large input space.Excessive validation experiment raises the cost while insufficient test increases the risks of accepting an invalid model.In this paper,an adaptive sequential experiment design method combining global exploration criterion and local exploitation criterion is proposed.The exploration criterion utilizes discrepancy metric to improve the space-filling property of the design points while the exploitation criterion employs the leave one out error to discover informative points.To avoid the clustering of samples in the local region,an adaptive weight updating approach is provided to maintain the balance between exploration and exploitation.Besides,the credibility distribution function characterizing the relationship between the input and result credibility is introduced to support the model validation experiment design.Finally,six benchmark problems and an engineering case are applied to examine the performance of the proposed method.The experiments indicate that the proposed method achieves satisfactory performance for function approximation in accuracy and convergence.展开更多
Cavitation is one of the most important performance of centrifugal pumps. However, the current optimization works of centrifugal pump are mostly focusing on hydraulic efficiency only, which may result in poor cavitati...Cavitation is one of the most important performance of centrifugal pumps. However, the current optimization works of centrifugal pump are mostly focusing on hydraulic efficiency only, which may result in poor cavitation performance. Therefore, it is necessary to find an appropriate solution to improve cavitation performance with acceptable efficiency. In this paper, to improve the cavitation performance of a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser, the influence of impeller geometric parameters on the cavitation of the pump is investigated using the orthogonal design of experiment （DOE） based on computational fluid dynamics. The impeller inlet diameter D1, inlet incidence angle Aft, and blade wrap angle ~0 are selected as the main impeller geometric parameters and the orthogonal experiment of L9（3＂3） is performed. Three-dimensional steady simulations for cavitation are conducted by using constant gas mass fraction model with second-order upwind, and the predicated cavitation performance is validated by laboratory experiment. The optimization results are obtained by the range analysis method to improve cavitation performance without obvious decreasing the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. The internal flow of the pump is analyzed in order to identify the flow behavior that can affect cavitation performance. The results show that D1 has the greatest influence on the pump cavitation and the final optimized impeller provides better flow distribution at blade leading edge. The final optimized impeller accomplishes better cavitation and hydraulic performance and the NPSHR decreases by 0.63m compared with the original one. The presented work supplies a feasible route in engineering practice to optimize a centrifugal pump impeller for better cavitation performance.展开更多
Tolerance design plays an important role in reliability design for electronic circuits. The traditional method only focuses on the consistency of output response. It is not able to meet the needs of increasing develop...Tolerance design plays an important role in reliability design for electronic circuits. The traditional method only focuses on the consistency of output response. It is not able to meet the needs of increasing development of electronic products. This paper researches the state of related fields and proposes a method of multi-objective reliability tolerance design. The characteristics of output response and operating stresses on critical components are both defined as design objectives. Critical components and their operating stresses are determined by failure mode and effect analysis （FMEA） and fault tree analysis （FTA）. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine sensitive parameters that affect the design objectives significantly. Monte Carlo and worst-case analysis are utilized to explore the tolerance levels of sensitive parameters. Design of experiment and regression analysis are applied in this method. The optimal tolerance levels are selected in accord with a quality-cost model to improve consistency of output response and reduce failure rates of critical components synchronously. The application in light-emitting diode （LED） drivers indicates details and potential. It shows that the proposed method provides a more effective way to improve performance and reliability of electronic circuits.展开更多
Four process parameters, pad diameter, stencil thickness, ball diameter and stand-off were chosen as four control factors. By using an L25 （5^6 ） orthogonal array the ceramic ball grid array （ CBGA ） solder joints...Four process parameters, pad diameter, stencil thickness, ball diameter and stand-off were chosen as four control factors. By using an L25 （5^6 ） orthogonal array the ceramic ball grid array （ CBGA ） solder joints which have 25 different combinations of process parameters were designed. The numerical models of all the 25 CBGA solder joints were developed using the Sugrace Evolver. Utilizing the sugrace coordinate exported from the 25 CBGA solder joints numerical models, the finite element analysis models were set up and the nonlinear finite element analysis of the CBGA solder joints under thermal cycles were pegrormed by ANSYS. The thermal fatigue life of CBGA solder joint was calculated using Coffin-Manson equation. Based on the calculated thermal fatigue life results, the range analysis and the variance analysis were pegrormed. The results show that the fatigue life of CBGA solder joint is affected by the pad diameter, the stencil thickness, the ball diameter and the stand-off in a descending order, the best combination of process parameters results in the longest fatigue life is 0.07 mm stand-off, 0.125 mm stencil thickness of, 0.85 mm ball diameter and 0. 89 mm pad diameter. With 95% confidence the pad diameter has a significant effect on the reliability of CBGA solder joints whereas the stand-off, the stencil thickness and the ball diameter have little effect on the reliability of CBGA solder joints.展开更多
The geometry of an inductively coupled plasma （ICP） etcher is usually considered to be an important factor for determining both plasma and process uniformity over a large wafer. During the past few decades, these pa...The geometry of an inductively coupled plasma （ICP） etcher is usually considered to be an important factor for determining both plasma and process uniformity over a large wafer. During the past few decades, these parameters were determined by the ＂trial and error＂ method, resulting in wastes of time and funds. In this paper, a new approach of regression orthogonal design with plasma simulation experiments is proposed to investigate the sensitivity of the structural parameters on the uniformity of plasma characteristics. The tool for simulating plasma is CFD-ACE＋, which is commercial multi-physical modeling software that has been proven to be accurate for plasma simulation. The simulated experimental results are analyzed to get a regression equation on three structural parameters. Through this equation, engineers can compute the uniformity of the electron number density rapidly without modeling by CFD-ACE＋. An optimization performed at the end produces good results.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the Spacial Project of Research on Revolutionary Cultural Relics for College Students in 2024(2024DXSGMWW50)Innovation Fund Project for Postgraduates of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(YC2024-S228).
文摘How exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics affect and enhance the audience’s comprehensive experiences was discussed from aspects of bodily perception,spatial interaction,emotional resonance,and value identification,and the experience design of exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics was further studied to better carry and convey the spirit of the revolution.Guided by embodied theory,this study was provided with methodological support from various perspectives,and analyzed the current development and existing problems of exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics through field investigations.Currently,embodied theory is gradually being applied in exhibition design,and the focus of exhibitions is shifted from“objects”to“people”.By collecting direct feelings and feedback from the audience on the exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics,and theoretical construction and practical application for the experience design of these exhibitions are solidly supported.The needs for emotional and inspirational awakening,education and learning,participation and interaction were revealed.Based on the audience’s behavior,a four-step design method was proposed:enhancing the sense of place,enriching sensory experience,strengthening interactive experiences,and fostering a sense of belonging.Through the application of experiential design in these four dimensions,it aims to reshape the methods of exhibitions of revolutionary cultural relics and promote a deep integration between the exhibitions and embodied theory.
文摘In the era of experience economy, customers do not always focus on the functional attributes of goods or services, but pay more attention to experiences. Therefore, firms have to manage to offer their customers a unique, memorable and valuable experience actively in the process brand establishment. With the development of mobile Internet and the use of application （APP）, the brand communication among customers and providers has been strengthened. The research purpose is to help hotel marketers figure out how to implement brand communication with brand experience of APP for hotel. It is founded that sensory brand experience design and social brand experience all have positive influence on customer brand loyalty.
文摘According to data from the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes in the Elderly,there are approximately 35.5 million elderly diabetic patients over the age of 65 in China,accounting for 1/4 of the total number of elderly diabetic patients worldwide,and this number is still on the rise.This article analyzes and studies the wearable glucose meters for the elderly from the characteristics and lifestyle features of elderly diabetic patients,starting from the perspective of user experience and combining with the Positive Experience Design theory.The design strategies for elderly wearable glucose meters based on the Positive Experience Design theory are concluded,aiming to enhance the blood sugar control experience of the elderly and promote their active participation in blood sugar management,in order to improve the diabetes management experience and health status of the elderly.
文摘A spice formulation study in Burkina Faso was carried out using local ingredients for the benefit of households. The objective of this study was to propose some spice formulations based on local ingredients in order to reduce the use of chemical spices in the preparation of different dishes. The Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology was used for the formulation of the spices and their physicochemical, nutritional and sensory characteristics were evaluated by standardized and standard methods. The results obtained showed lipid contents (g/100 g DM) ranging from 10.41 ± 0.26 to 15.64 ± 0.68, total sugars from 4.39 ± 0.32 to 5.46 ± 0.31, protein from 3.65 ± 0.17 to 12.04 ± 0.35 and ash from 5.83 ± 0.01 to 7.02 ± 0.01. The polyphenol content ranged from 9.09 ± 1.60 to 11.33 ± 0.90, and the flavonoid content ranged from 0.65 ± 0.03 to 1.08 ± 0.13. The sensory analysis carried out showed that the spices have generally satisfactory organoleptic characteristics. These results constitute new information in the diet of populations and are an alternative to the chemical spices used in their cooking.
基金Sponsored by 2020 Open-End Foundation of the Chu Culture Research Institute of Yangtze University (CWH202015)。
文摘Ecotourism experience means that tourists obtain ecological enjoyment,ecological perception and ecological aesthetic taste through the senses and thinking activities in ecotourism activities.Shennongjia has excellent ecological environment,but lacks deep experience ecotourism products.Based on the principles of ecotourism experience design,the ecotourism experience theme,ecotourism experience product and ecotourism experience atmosphere of Shennongjia are designed.
文摘Metaverse,once a concept confined to science fiction,has emerged as a transformative reality during the digital era.As this immersive virtual world gains prominence,the role of avatars and the digital representations of users in shaping educational experiences within a metaverse becomes increasingly crucial.This study examined the design of avatars and their effectiveness in virtual education.Using the cognitive walkthrough(CW)method,a well-established user-centric assessment approach,this study examined how users engage in avatar design in virtual educational settings,highlighting their cognitive processes.Through the CW approach,this study identified usability issues and learning challenges,providing valuable insights into the user experience.The investigation focuses on the VRoid platform for avatar design,selected for its user-friendly interface and robust customization features.Participants(n=12;six men and six women)from diverse educational backgrounds were carefully selected to offer a comprehensive range of perspectives.They performed avatar design tasks that closely mirrored the learning environment of the metaverse,followed by in-depth post-exercise interviews.The findings of this study highlight the essential role of avatar design in enhancing user engagement and improving the learning outcomes of virtual education.Furthermore,we provide practical recommendations for educators and designers to effectively leverage avatar innovation.In a continuously evolving era of metaverse,this research contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse on user-centered design in educational settings,thereby influencing the future trajectory of virtual education.
文摘Inspired by Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of perception and the concept of“body-subject”,this study advances a new paradigm of“embodied”design thinking.This approach not only investigates how design can foster an organic connection between people and the world but also delves into the“embodiment of emotions”within design practices,thereby strengthening emotional resonance and empathy between design works and individuals.This transformation in design thinking holds significant importance for advancing and deepening research into design methodologies.The research aims to enhance the understanding of the intrinsic logic within design,aiding designers in creating works that resonate more profoundly with human daily productivity and life,and facilitating an emotional dialogue between the design and its users.Originating from a profound human-centered design philosophy and guided by Don Ihde’s theory of embodiment,the study begins with the functional relationships of bodily embodiment,employing phenomenological methods in design,enriched by in-depth case study analysis.Our research analysis has revealed three core logics of bodily embodiment in design:The logic of behavioral embodiment emphasizes innate and acquired human behavioral patterns;the logic of organ embodiment pertains to the interactions between internal organs and the external environment;and the logic of scenographic embodiment includes the design of empathetic scenes and subtler environmental layouts.In essence,this study underscores that modern design logic should consider the interplay between the human body,behavior,and the environment.Such Embodied Design logic offers new theoretical perspectives and guiding principles for future research and practical applications in design methodologies.
基金the Marine Renewable Energy Special Fund of China(No.QDME2013ZB01)the National Research Program for High Technology Ship Development of China(No.MIIT 2014-498)。
文摘The present work is aimed at determining the optimal geometry layout of a wave energy converter platform for plate energy harvesting performance.A linear potential fluid theory method was applied to analyzing the interaction between the platform and plate.Three factors of layout geometry were tested and the performance of the plate was analyzed.The methodology of design of experiments was used to confirm factor significance and build response surface model.The 1st order model and the 2nd order model were built to describe the relation between factors and plate performance.The significance of two factors and their interactions were revealed,and an optimal parameter set was found.The wave form in front of the plate confirmed the interactions.It is clear that a wide entrance and enclosing channel for waves can maximize the plate performance.
文摘With the continuous development of the national economy and the improvement of the design industry,the wayfinding system has gradually been accepted and valued by the public,and the research on the wayfinding system of the public environment has become more and more in-depth.In recent years,the research on the wayfinding system has begun to develop into the integration of human culture and cultural implantation in the environment,forming a new visual system design concept,Environment Graphic Design.With the deepening of research,environmental graphic design has once again developed and deepened,studying the detailed experience of people in the environment and presenting it in the form of graphic design.That is,Experience Graphic Design.This article will discuss the application of environmental graphic experience design in the construction of characteristic tourism from the perspective of signage design.
文摘Some of the author's experiences of aircraft design are described in the present report, and it is hoped that they would be of some interest to the aircraft designers.
文摘Soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is significant to estimate the site-specific unsaturated soil properties (such as unsaturated shear strength and coefficient of permeability) for geotechnical analyses involving unsaturated soils. Determining SWCC can be achieved by fitting data points obtained according to the prescribed experimental scheme, which is specified by the number of measuring points and their corresponding values of the control variable. The number of measuring points is limited since direct measurement of SWCC is often costly and time-consuming. Based on the limited number of measuring points, the estimated SWCC is unavoidably associated with uncertainties, which depends on measurement data obtained from the prescribed experimental scheme. Therefore, it is essential to plan the experimental scheme so as to reduce the uncertainty in the estimated SWCC. This study presented a Bayesian approach, called OBEDO, for probabilistic experimental design optimization of measuring SWCC based on the prior knowledge and information of testing apparatus. The uncertainty in estimated SWCC is quantified and the optimal experimental scheme with the maximum expected utility is determined by Subset Simulation optimization (SSO) in candidate experimental scheme space. The proposed approach is illustrated using an experimental design example given prior knowledge and the information of testing apparatus and is verified based on a set of real loess SWCC data, which were used to generate random experimental schemes to mimic the arbitrary arrangement of measuring points during SWCC testing in practice. Results show that the arbitrary arrangement of measuring points of SWCC testing is hardly superior to the optimal scheme obtained from OBEDO in terms of the expected utility. The proposed OBEDO approach provides a rational tool to optimize the arrangement of measuring points of SWCC test so as to obtain SWCC measurement data with relatively high expected utility for uncertainty reduction.
基金Supported by Basic Research Projects of Leading Science and Technology in Henan Province (82300433202)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore the biological effect of low energy ion beam mediated parameters with fractional factorial design method. [Method] The twin-embryos seed of autotetraploid rice DER10-04-01 was taken as the receptor material,and the Elymus dahuricus Turcz. was used as materials to provide DNA to carry out the ion beam mediated experiment. And the fractional factorial design method was used to study the parameters of low enery N＋ ion beam mediated foreign genes into rice. [Result] The implantation energy,dose,DNA concentrations and immersion time of DNA showed significant biological effects on the normal growth and development of DER10-04-01,in which the biological effects of implantation dose and DNA concentrations were relatively obvious. [Conclusion] The implantation energy,dose,DNA concentrations and immersion time of DNA were major factors showing important effects on the experimental result in ion beam mediated foreign genetic materials.
文摘Device robust-design is inherently a multiple-objective optimization problem.Using design of experiments (DoE) combined with response surface methodology (RSM) can satisfy the great incentive to reduce the number of technology CAD(TCAD) simulations that need to be performed.However,the errors of RSM models might be large enough to diminish the validity of the results for some nonlinear problems.To find the feasible design space,a new method with objectives-oriented design in generations that takes the errors of RSM model into account is presented.After the augment design of experiments in promising space according to the results of RSM model in current generation,the feasible space will be emerging as the model errors deceasing.The results on FIBMOS examples show that the methodology is efficient.
基金This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 948769, project title: SuN_2rise)the 《HYDREAM》 project–funded by European Union-Next Generation EU–within the PRIN 2022 program (D.D. 104-02/02/2022 Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca)supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 101107906
文摘Food production demand is constantly growing,entailing a proportional increment in fertilisers and pharmaceuticals use,which are eventually introduced to the environment,leading,among others,to an imbalance in the nitrogen cycle.Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction is a delocalised route for nitrates elimination and green ammonia production.In the present study,we carry out nitrates electroreduction over a commercial MoS_(2)catalyst,focusing on optimising selected input factors affecting the reaction.Concretely,Doehlert design of experiment and response surface methodology are employed to find the proper combination of supporting salt concentration in the electrolyte,applied potential,and catalyst loading at the working electrode,with the overall aim to boost Faradaic efficiency(FE)and ammonia production.As a matter of fact,varying these input factors,the obtained FE values ranged from∼2%to∼80%,highlighting the strength of the newly conceived approach.Moreover,our multivariate strategy allows the quantification of each factor effect and elucidates hidden interactions between them.Finally,successful extended durability tests are performed for 100 h at both FE and productivity(P)optimal conditions.In parallel,cell electrodes are characterised by in-depth structural,morphological,and surface techniques,before and after ageing,overall demonstrating the outstanding stability of the proposed electrochemical reactor.
基金supported by the Leverhulme Trust Research Project(Grant No.RPG-2020-021).
文摘Paper and pulp mills generate substantial volumes of wastewater containing lignin-derived compounds that are challenging to degrade using conventional wastewater treatment methods.This study presents a novel biofilm-based process for enhanced lignin removal in wastewater using the fungus Neurospora discreta,which effectively degrades lignin and forms robust biofilms at the air–liquid interface under specific conditions.The process was optimised using the Taguchi design of experiments approach,and three factors including pH,copper sulphate concentration,and trace element concentration were evaluated at three levels.Experimental data were analysed against three responses:lignin degradation efficiency and the activities of two ligninolytic enzymes(polyphenol oxidase and versatile peroxidase).The results indicated that wastewater pH was the most significant parameter affecting lignin degradation efficiency and enzyme activities.Over 70%lignin degradation was achieved at pH levels of 5 and 6 with copper sulphate concentrations above 4 mg/L,while degradation efficiency drastically dropped to 45%at a pH value of 7.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated the effects of the three factors on the polar and non-polar components of lignin in wastewater,revealing a clear decrease in all peak areas after treatment.Additionally,significant relationships were observed between biofilm properties(including porosity,water retention value,polysaccharide content,and protein content)and lignin removal efficiency.This study also reported for the first time the presence of versatile peroxidase,a ligninolytic enzyme,in Neurospora sp.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61627810)。
文摘Efficient experiment design is of great significance for the validation of simulation model with high nonlinearity and large input space.Excessive validation experiment raises the cost while insufficient test increases the risks of accepting an invalid model.In this paper,an adaptive sequential experiment design method combining global exploration criterion and local exploitation criterion is proposed.The exploration criterion utilizes discrepancy metric to improve the space-filling property of the design points while the exploitation criterion employs the leave one out error to discover informative points.To avoid the clustering of samples in the local region,an adaptive weight updating approach is provided to maintain the balance between exploration and exploitation.Besides,the credibility distribution function characterizing the relationship between the input and result credibility is introduced to support the model validation experiment design.Finally,six benchmark problems and an engineering case are applied to examine the performance of the proposed method.The experiments indicate that the proposed method achieves satisfactory performance for function approximation in accuracy and convergence.
基金Supported by National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China(Grant No.2014BAB08B01)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51409123)+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.BK20140554)Training Project for Young Core Teacher of Jiangsu University,China
文摘Cavitation is one of the most important performance of centrifugal pumps. However, the current optimization works of centrifugal pump are mostly focusing on hydraulic efficiency only, which may result in poor cavitation performance. Therefore, it is necessary to find an appropriate solution to improve cavitation performance with acceptable efficiency. In this paper, to improve the cavitation performance of a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser, the influence of impeller geometric parameters on the cavitation of the pump is investigated using the orthogonal design of experiment （DOE） based on computational fluid dynamics. The impeller inlet diameter D1, inlet incidence angle Aft, and blade wrap angle ~0 are selected as the main impeller geometric parameters and the orthogonal experiment of L9（3＂3） is performed. Three-dimensional steady simulations for cavitation are conducted by using constant gas mass fraction model with second-order upwind, and the predicated cavitation performance is validated by laboratory experiment. The optimization results are obtained by the range analysis method to improve cavitation performance without obvious decreasing the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. The internal flow of the pump is analyzed in order to identify the flow behavior that can affect cavitation performance. The results show that D1 has the greatest influence on the pump cavitation and the final optimized impeller provides better flow distribution at blade leading edge. The final optimized impeller accomplishes better cavitation and hydraulic performance and the NPSHR decreases by 0.63m compared with the original one. The presented work supplies a feasible route in engineering practice to optimize a centrifugal pump impeller for better cavitation performance.
基金supported by National Defense Basic Research Program (No. 20112060303)
文摘Tolerance design plays an important role in reliability design for electronic circuits. The traditional method only focuses on the consistency of output response. It is not able to meet the needs of increasing development of electronic products. This paper researches the state of related fields and proposes a method of multi-objective reliability tolerance design. The characteristics of output response and operating stresses on critical components are both defined as design objectives. Critical components and their operating stresses are determined by failure mode and effect analysis （FMEA） and fault tree analysis （FTA）. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine sensitive parameters that affect the design objectives significantly. Monte Carlo and worst-case analysis are utilized to explore the tolerance levels of sensitive parameters. Design of experiment and regression analysis are applied in this method. The optimal tolerance levels are selected in accord with a quality-cost model to improve consistency of output response and reduce failure rates of critical components synchronously. The application in light-emitting diode （LED） drivers indicates details and potential. It shows that the proposed method provides a more effective way to improve performance and reliability of electronic circuits.
基金This work was supported by Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Contract No. 02336060).
文摘Four process parameters, pad diameter, stencil thickness, ball diameter and stand-off were chosen as four control factors. By using an L25 （5^6 ） orthogonal array the ceramic ball grid array （ CBGA ） solder joints which have 25 different combinations of process parameters were designed. The numerical models of all the 25 CBGA solder joints were developed using the Sugrace Evolver. Utilizing the sugrace coordinate exported from the 25 CBGA solder joints numerical models, the finite element analysis models were set up and the nonlinear finite element analysis of the CBGA solder joints under thermal cycles were pegrormed by ANSYS. The thermal fatigue life of CBGA solder joint was calculated using Coffin-Manson equation. Based on the calculated thermal fatigue life results, the range analysis and the variance analysis were pegrormed. The results show that the fatigue life of CBGA solder joint is affected by the pad diameter, the stencil thickness, the ball diameter and the stand-off in a descending order, the best combination of process parameters results in the longest fatigue life is 0.07 mm stand-off, 0.125 mm stencil thickness of, 0.85 mm ball diameter and 0. 89 mm pad diameter. With 95% confidence the pad diameter has a significant effect on the reliability of CBGA solder joints whereas the stand-off, the stencil thickness and the ball diameter have little effect on the reliability of CBGA solder joints.
基金supported by Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects of China (No.2) (Nos.2009ZX02001,2011ZX02403)
文摘The geometry of an inductively coupled plasma （ICP） etcher is usually considered to be an important factor for determining both plasma and process uniformity over a large wafer. During the past few decades, these parameters were determined by the ＂trial and error＂ method, resulting in wastes of time and funds. In this paper, a new approach of regression orthogonal design with plasma simulation experiments is proposed to investigate the sensitivity of the structural parameters on the uniformity of plasma characteristics. The tool for simulating plasma is CFD-ACE＋, which is commercial multi-physical modeling software that has been proven to be accurate for plasma simulation. The simulated experimental results are analyzed to get a regression equation on three structural parameters. Through this equation, engineers can compute the uniformity of the electron number density rapidly without modeling by CFD-ACE＋. An optimization performed at the end produces good results.
