China has 85.02 million disabled people,and 39%of them have needs for rehabilitation technical aids,while only 7.31%of them have been equipped with such aids.According to data from the National Working Commission on A...China has 85.02 million disabled people,and 39%of them have needs for rehabilitation technical aids,while only 7.31%of them have been equipped with such aids.According to data from the National Working Commission on Aging,the demands of Chinese pension services market are valued at more than RMB 3trillion,and will reach RMB 5 trillion by the year 2050.展开更多
On May 25, 2011, ZTE Corporation announced at the ZTE Analysts Conference that it hopes to venture into the IT industry by taking advantage of cloud computing.
In this paper,we establish some strong laws of large numbers,which are for nonindependent random variables under the framework of sublinear expectations.One of our main results is for blockwise m-dependent random vari...In this paper,we establish some strong laws of large numbers,which are for nonindependent random variables under the framework of sublinear expectations.One of our main results is for blockwise m-dependent random variables,and another is for sub-orthogonal random variables.Both extend the strong law of large numbers for independent random variables under sublinear expectations to the non-independent case.展开更多
Healthy life expectancy is a pivotal measure of population health by integrating both life expectancy and the quality of years lived.A significant increase in life expectancy was evident in most populations during the...Healthy life expectancy is a pivotal measure of population health by integrating both life expectancy and the quality of years lived.A significant increase in life expectancy was evident in most populations during the past decades worldwide[1],but the growth in healthy life expectancy has generally lagged behind[2].China has made substantial strides in enhancing both life expectancy and healthy life expectancy.展开更多
Background:Music has proven to be vital in enhancing resilience and promotingwell-being.Previously,the impact of music in sports environments was solely investigated,while this paper applies it to study environments,s...Background:Music has proven to be vital in enhancing resilience and promotingwell-being.Previously,the impact of music in sports environments was solely investigated,while this paper applies it to study environments,standing out as pioneering research.The study consists of a systematic development of a conceptual framework based on theories of Uses and Gratification Expectancy(UGE)and perceived motivation based on music elements.Their components are observed variables influencing students’psychological well-being(as the dependent variable).Resilience is examined as a mediator,influencing the relationships of both observed and dependent variables.The main purpose of this study is to highlight the positive effects of online music consumption on the psychological well-being of students.Methods:Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with eighteen final year creative multimedia undergraduate students belonging to five central region Malaysian universities,especially on their UGE needs,and a similar concept survey instrument with two hundred participants.The interview data were analysed through thematic analysis,while the survey data through descriptive and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM).Results:The results highlight that students gain motivation from online music,which positively affects their psychological well-being(β=0.190,p=0.003,f^(2)=0.037),while resilience significantly affects this relationship(β=0.562,p<0.001,f^(2)=0.461).However,the results also predict a partial relationship between constructs based on UGE with psychological well-being,mediated by resilience,i.e.,AT-UGE(β=0.021,p=0.783,f^(2)=0.000),SIPI-UGE(β=0.228,p=0.004,f^(2)=0.044).Conclusion:The outcome of the study reflected practical,meaningful,and statistically significant results.The majority of the predictors,with the exception of one,i.e.,AT-UGE,displayed a clear positive relation of online music consumption on the Psychological Well-being of students.Future research will explore varying contextual factors impacting online music-related gratifications,motivations,and resilience,along with additional potential mediators and moderators.展开更多
Dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both age-related conditions that predominantly affect older adults.According to prevalence studies,the burden of these diseases on society is expected to increase in the c...Dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both age-related conditions that predominantly affect older adults.According to prevalence studies,the burden of these diseases on society is expected to increase in the coming years,particularly in relation to rising longevity and life expectancy.Advances in therapeutic and preventive strategies are needed to help reduce their global burden,which remains among the most significant health challenges in aging populations (Brookmeyer et al.,2007).展开更多
With the industrialization of agriculture and the advancement of medical care,human life expectancy has increased considerably and continues to rise steadily.This results in novel and unprecedented challenges,namely o...With the industrialization of agriculture and the advancement of medical care,human life expectancy has increased considerably and continues to rise steadily.This results in novel and unprecedented challenges,namely obesity and neurodegeneration.展开更多
Background:The level of premature deaths(deaths among those aged 30-69 years)caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control.However,the current burden and temporal ...Background:The level of premature deaths(deaths among those aged 30-69 years)caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control.However,the current burden and temporal trends in cancer-related premature deaths,and their impact on life expectancy at the global,regional,and national levels are not clear.Methods:Cancer mortality data for 185 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database.High-quality cancer mortality data and national population statistics for 47 countries were extracted from the United Nations and national cancer registry databases,covering the period 2003-2022.Countries were classified based on the human development index(HDI).The death probability,the year of life lost(YLL),and the potential gain in life expectancy(PGLE)attributable to premature deaths from site-specific and all-cancers combined were calculated.Results:Globally,the probability of premature cancer deaths was 6.49%(95%UI 6.49-6.50).The YLLs caused by cancer-related premature death were 163.86 million(95%UI 163.70-164.03),constituting 65.58%of the total cancer-related YLLs.The PGLEs were 1.16 years(95%UI 1.16-1.16).The premature death probability increased with higher HDI levels in men,but decreased in women.Cancer-related premature deaths as a proportion of total cancer deaths varied from 18.31%(95%UI 18.20-18.43)in Japan to 84.44%(95%UI 76.10-91.16)in São Toméand Príncipe.Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related premature deaths in men,and breast cancer ranked first in women.By eradicating premature deaths attributable to lung,liver,colorectal,and stomach cancer in men,and to breast,cervical,and lung cancer in women,0.55 years(95%UI 0.55-0.55)and 0.49 years(95%UI 0.49-0.49)of PGLEs could be achieved,accounting for 48.67%and 42.24%of the total PGLEs,respectively.Cancer-related premature deaths decreased significantly in 38 countries during 2003-2022(P<0.05).The probability of premature cancer-related deaths decreased by more than 15.50%from 2015 to 2022 in 16 countries.Conclusions:Cancer-related premature deaths declined in many countries,with 16 of them having achieved the expected reduction by 2022.The current burden of cancer-related premature deaths is profound but varies around the world.Eliminating premature deaths from major cancer types could substantially increase life expectancy,underscoring the importance of prevention and treatment efforts for these cancers.展开更多
Olympic fever in China’s capital is approaching its zenith as the countdown to the competition shortens Beijing has finally entered the"Olympic Year"after seven years of marathon preparation. With about 200...Olympic fever in China’s capital is approaching its zenith as the countdown to the competition shortens Beijing has finally entered the"Olympic Year"after seven years of marathon preparation. With about 200 days left until the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic,Games,the city has entered the home straight. The Bird’s Nest,or the National Stadium, which will be the stage of the opening cer-展开更多
WONG Pak Ling and her husband Mr. Tan Giok Sie established their own company by their own efforts twenty years ago. She is now deputy managing director of the board of Fan In Trading Company Ltd. and President of Fan ...WONG Pak Ling and her husband Mr. Tan Giok Sie established their own company by their own efforts twenty years ago. She is now deputy managing director of the board of Fan In Trading Company Ltd. and President of Fan In Handicrafts Company Ltd. She is a noticeable woman entrepreneur in Hong Kong business circle. Because she will take part in the NGO forum of the Fourth World Conference on Women, the journalist interviewed her.展开更多
In the recent releasing Textile Industry Invigorating Plan,"givingattention to both domestlc and overseas markets"is put into a keyposition.Under a series policies,such as increasing the tax rebaterate for t...In the recent releasing Textile Industry Invigorating Plan,"givingattention to both domestlc and overseas markets"is put into a keyposition.Under a series policies,such as increasing the tax rebaterate for textile and garment exports,and granting loan for SME,thefurther development of this industry is expectative.Otherwise,weshould know that it costs time for demand driving.This need ourpatients.The only questionis how much time we have to wait.展开更多
The complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space is studied.By moment inequality and truncation methods,we establish the...The complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space is studied.By moment inequality and truncation methods,we establish the equivalent conditions of complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.The results complement the corresponding results in probability space to those for sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.展开更多
Employees’innovative performance determines an organization’s innovation,which critically impacts its structural optimization and sustainability.Applying expectancy theory,we examined how and when the Pygmalion effe...Employees’innovative performance determines an organization’s innovation,which critically impacts its structural optimization and sustainability.Applying expectancy theory,we examined how and when the Pygmalion effect occurs in the relationship between leaders’expectations of innovation and employee innovative behavior.Our sample comprised 201 frontline employees(female=31.84%;mean age=41.48 years,SD=7.97 years)in a Chinese coal enterprise,who completed surveys on innovation expectations of leaders,expected positive performance outcomes,innovative self-efficacy and innovative behavior.The results revealed that employees’expected positive performance outcomes mediated the positive relationship between leaders’innovation expectations and their innovative behavior.Employees’innovative self-efficacy positively moderated the relationship between their expected positive performance outcomes and innovative behavior,with this relationship being stronger for employees with high innovative self-efficacy.Moreover,we validated the moderated mediation model.Findings suggest that leaders can stimulate employee innovative behavior through expressing expectations and they also need to consider the boundary conditions.展开更多
As an old Chinese saying goes,knowledge changes fate.An ordinary college student carries expectations of several generations of his or her family.Consequently,a vast majority of high school graduates applying for coll...As an old Chinese saying goes,knowledge changes fate.An ordinary college student carries expectations of several generations of his or her family.Consequently,a vast majority of high school graduates applying for college prefer to choose colleges and majors with good employment prospects.Two years ago,facing hundreds of majors,I was caught in a dilemma.Law seemed appealing,as it could offer a high income and a worry-free life.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the health expectations(HEs)in patients with diabetes and the factors affecting it using an integrative systematic review.Methods:A comprehensive literature search wa...Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the health expectations(HEs)in patients with diabetes and the factors affecting it using an integrative systematic review.Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted in databases including PubMed,Scopus,Science Direct,Google Scholar,ProQuest,CINAHL,SID,Iran Doc,and Magiran without time limitation using related keywords.The systematic literature search was performed using a guide provided by York University.Results:From a total of 1883 articles,17 of them finally met the eligibility criteria.According to the findings of this study,HE of diabetic patients was included in four categories:“dynamism,”“consequentialism,”“comprehensive care,”and“access to facilities.”Also,these expectations can be influenced by various factors,including“developments in societies,”“changing the conditions of health care systems,”and“individual factors.”Conclusions:Health professionals should pay attention to the expectations of diabetic patients who are involved in complex disease conditions and consider meeting them as a key factor in providing patient-centered care,improving health outcomes,and patient satisfaction.展开更多
This study investigates the return dynamics,volatility structure,and risk characteristics of five representative S&P 500 stocks:Johnson&Johnson,Microsoft,NVIDIA,Coca-Cola,and Home Depot,using ARMA-GARCH models...This study investigates the return dynamics,volatility structure,and risk characteristics of five representative S&P 500 stocks:Johnson&Johnson,Microsoft,NVIDIA,Coca-Cola,and Home Depot,using ARMA-GARCH models.Descriptive statistics and diagnostic tests confirm non-normality,negative skewness,fat tails,and volatility clustering,providing strong justification for conditional mean-variance modelling.Optimal model specifications are selected via the Bayesian Information Criterion,with EGARCH frameworks generally outperforming alternative GARCH variants in capturing asymmetric volatility responses.Rolling-window forecasts for 2024Q1 show that the models generate stable and reliable volatility predictions for low-volatility stocks(JNJ,KO),while performance is weaker for highly volatile stocks(NVDA),highlighting structural limitations under extreme market shifts.To evaluate risk management implications,one percent Value-at-Risk and expected shortfall were computed and backtested.Results indicated conservative tail-risk forecasts,with violation rates well within acceptable thresholds.Portfolio applications are further explored by constructing the Global Minimum Variance Portfolio(GMVP)and the Maximum Sharpe Ratio(Max SR)portfolio using rolling covariance estimates.Out-of-sample backtesting demonstrated that the GMVP delivered low volatility but modest returns,whereas the Max SR portfolio achieved significantly higher performance,consistent with the risk-return trade-off.Overall,the findings confirm that ARMA-GARCH models are effective tools for modelling conditional volatility and informing dynamic asset allocation.However,their limited adaptability to jump risk and nonlinear structural breaks underscores the need for more advanced modelling approaches in high-volatility environments.展开更多
Background There is a lack of research examining the interplay between objectively measured physical activity volume and intensity with life expectancy.The purpose of the study was to investigate the interplay between...Background There is a lack of research examining the interplay between objectively measured physical activity volume and intensity with life expectancy.The purpose of the study was to investigate the interplay between objectively measured PA volume and intensity profiles with modeled life expectancy in women and men within the UK Biobank cohort study and interpret findings in relation to brisk walking.Methods Individuals from UK Biobank with wrist-worn accelerometer data were included.The average acceleration and intensity gradient were extracted to describe the physical activity volume and intensity profile.Mortality data were obtained from national registries.Adjusted life expectancies were estimated using parametric flexible survival models.Results 40,953(57.1%)women(median age=61.9 years)and 30,820(42.9%)men(63.1 years)were included.Over a median follow-up of 6.9 years,there were 1719(2.4%)deaths(733 in women;986 in men).At 60 years,life expectancy was progressively longer for higher physical activity volume and intensity profiles,reaching 95.6 years in women and 94.5 years in men at the 90th centile for both volume and intensity,corresponding to 3.4 additional years(95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.4-4.4)in women and 4.6 additional years(95%CI:3.6-5.6)in men compared to those at the 10th centiles.An additional 10-min or 30-min daily brisk walk was associated with 0.9(95%CI:0.5-1.3)and 1.4 years(95%CI:0.9-1.9)longer life expectancy,respectively,in inactive women;and 1.4 years(95%CI:1.0-1.8)and 2.5(95%CI:1.9-3.1)in inactive men.Conclusion Higher physical activity volumes were associated with longer life expectancy,with a higher physical activity intensity profile further adding to a longer life.Adding as little as a 10-min brisk walk to daily activity patterns may result in a meaningful benefit to life expectancy.展开更多
Variable-fidelity(VF)surrogate models have received increasing attention in engineering design optimization as they can approximate expensive high-fidelity(HF)simulations with reduced computational power.A key challen...Variable-fidelity(VF)surrogate models have received increasing attention in engineering design optimization as they can approximate expensive high-fidelity(HF)simulations with reduced computational power.A key challenge to building a VF model is devising an adaptive model updating strategy that jointly selects additional low-fidelity(LF)and/or HF samples.The additional samples must enhance the model accuracy while maximizing the computational efficiency.We propose ISMA-VFEEI,a global optimization framework that integrates an Improved Slime-Mould Algorithm(ISMA)and a Variable-Fidelity Expected Extension Improvement(VFEEI)learning function to construct a VF surrogate model efficiently.First,A cost-aware VFEEI function guides the adaptive LF/HF sampling by explicitly incorporating evaluation cost and existing sample proximity.Second,ISMA is employed to solve the resulting non-convex optimization problem and identify global optimal infill points for model enhancement.The efficacy of ISMA-VFEEI is demonstrated through six numerical benchmarks and one real-world engineering case study.The engineering case study of a high-speed railway Electric Multiple Unit(EMU),the optimization objective of a sanding device attained a minimum value of 1.546 using only 20 HF evaluations,outperforming all the compared methods.展开更多
In this paper,an index modulation(IM)aided uplink orthogonal time frequency space modulation(OTFS)structure for sparse code multiple access(SCMA)is proposed.To be more specific,the information bits are firstly partiti...In this paper,an index modulation(IM)aided uplink orthogonal time frequency space modulation(OTFS)structure for sparse code multiple access(SCMA)is proposed.To be more specific,the information bits are firstly partitioned for transmit antenna(TA)selection and sparse codeword mapping,respectively.Subsequently,the codewords deployed on the 2-dimensional(2D)delay-Doppler(DD)plane are transmitted by the selected TA,and the superimposed signals are jointly detected at the receiver.Furthermore,a low-complexity zero-embedded expectation propagation(ZE-EP)detector is conceived,where the codebooks are extended with zero vectors to reflect the silent indices.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IM-OTFS-SCMA system is capable of providing significant performance gain over the OTFS-SCMA counterpart.展开更多
文摘China has 85.02 million disabled people,and 39%of them have needs for rehabilitation technical aids,while only 7.31%of them have been equipped with such aids.According to data from the National Working Commission on Aging,the demands of Chinese pension services market are valued at more than RMB 3trillion,and will reach RMB 5 trillion by the year 2050.
文摘On May 25, 2011, ZTE Corporation announced at the ZTE Analysts Conference that it hopes to venture into the IT industry by taking advantage of cloud computing.
文摘In this paper,we establish some strong laws of large numbers,which are for nonindependent random variables under the framework of sublinear expectations.One of our main results is for blockwise m-dependent random variables,and another is for sub-orthogonal random variables.Both extend the strong law of large numbers for independent random variables under sublinear expectations to the non-independent case.
文摘Healthy life expectancy is a pivotal measure of population health by integrating both life expectancy and the quality of years lived.A significant increase in life expectancy was evident in most populations during the past decades worldwide[1],but the growth in healthy life expectancy has generally lagged behind[2].China has made substantial strides in enhancing both life expectancy and healthy life expectancy.
基金funded by Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2023/SSI07/MMU/02/3)which is awarded to the Multimedia University.The project is led by the second author.
文摘Background:Music has proven to be vital in enhancing resilience and promotingwell-being.Previously,the impact of music in sports environments was solely investigated,while this paper applies it to study environments,standing out as pioneering research.The study consists of a systematic development of a conceptual framework based on theories of Uses and Gratification Expectancy(UGE)and perceived motivation based on music elements.Their components are observed variables influencing students’psychological well-being(as the dependent variable).Resilience is examined as a mediator,influencing the relationships of both observed and dependent variables.The main purpose of this study is to highlight the positive effects of online music consumption on the psychological well-being of students.Methods:Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with eighteen final year creative multimedia undergraduate students belonging to five central region Malaysian universities,especially on their UGE needs,and a similar concept survey instrument with two hundred participants.The interview data were analysed through thematic analysis,while the survey data through descriptive and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM).Results:The results highlight that students gain motivation from online music,which positively affects their psychological well-being(β=0.190,p=0.003,f^(2)=0.037),while resilience significantly affects this relationship(β=0.562,p<0.001,f^(2)=0.461).However,the results also predict a partial relationship between constructs based on UGE with psychological well-being,mediated by resilience,i.e.,AT-UGE(β=0.021,p=0.783,f^(2)=0.000),SIPI-UGE(β=0.228,p=0.004,f^(2)=0.044).Conclusion:The outcome of the study reflected practical,meaningful,and statistically significant results.The majority of the predictors,with the exception of one,i.e.,AT-UGE,displayed a clear positive relation of online music consumption on the Psychological Well-being of students.Future research will explore varying contextual factors impacting online music-related gratifications,motivations,and resilience,along with additional potential mediators and moderators.
文摘Dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both age-related conditions that predominantly affect older adults.According to prevalence studies,the burden of these diseases on society is expected to increase in the coming years,particularly in relation to rising longevity and life expectancy.Advances in therapeutic and preventive strategies are needed to help reduce their global burden,which remains among the most significant health challenges in aging populations (Brookmeyer et al.,2007).
文摘With the industrialization of agriculture and the advancement of medical care,human life expectancy has increased considerably and continues to rise steadily.This results in novel and unprecedented challenges,namely obesity and neurodegeneration.
基金supported by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(CFH2024-2G-40214)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-011,2021-I2M-1-061).
文摘Background:The level of premature deaths(deaths among those aged 30-69 years)caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control.However,the current burden and temporal trends in cancer-related premature deaths,and their impact on life expectancy at the global,regional,and national levels are not clear.Methods:Cancer mortality data for 185 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database.High-quality cancer mortality data and national population statistics for 47 countries were extracted from the United Nations and national cancer registry databases,covering the period 2003-2022.Countries were classified based on the human development index(HDI).The death probability,the year of life lost(YLL),and the potential gain in life expectancy(PGLE)attributable to premature deaths from site-specific and all-cancers combined were calculated.Results:Globally,the probability of premature cancer deaths was 6.49%(95%UI 6.49-6.50).The YLLs caused by cancer-related premature death were 163.86 million(95%UI 163.70-164.03),constituting 65.58%of the total cancer-related YLLs.The PGLEs were 1.16 years(95%UI 1.16-1.16).The premature death probability increased with higher HDI levels in men,but decreased in women.Cancer-related premature deaths as a proportion of total cancer deaths varied from 18.31%(95%UI 18.20-18.43)in Japan to 84.44%(95%UI 76.10-91.16)in São Toméand Príncipe.Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related premature deaths in men,and breast cancer ranked first in women.By eradicating premature deaths attributable to lung,liver,colorectal,and stomach cancer in men,and to breast,cervical,and lung cancer in women,0.55 years(95%UI 0.55-0.55)and 0.49 years(95%UI 0.49-0.49)of PGLEs could be achieved,accounting for 48.67%and 42.24%of the total PGLEs,respectively.Cancer-related premature deaths decreased significantly in 38 countries during 2003-2022(P<0.05).The probability of premature cancer-related deaths decreased by more than 15.50%from 2015 to 2022 in 16 countries.Conclusions:Cancer-related premature deaths declined in many countries,with 16 of them having achieved the expected reduction by 2022.The current burden of cancer-related premature deaths is profound but varies around the world.Eliminating premature deaths from major cancer types could substantially increase life expectancy,underscoring the importance of prevention and treatment efforts for these cancers.
文摘Olympic fever in China’s capital is approaching its zenith as the countdown to the competition shortens Beijing has finally entered the"Olympic Year"after seven years of marathon preparation. With about 200 days left until the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic,Games,the city has entered the home straight. The Bird’s Nest,or the National Stadium, which will be the stage of the opening cer-
文摘WONG Pak Ling and her husband Mr. Tan Giok Sie established their own company by their own efforts twenty years ago. She is now deputy managing director of the board of Fan In Trading Company Ltd. and President of Fan In Handicrafts Company Ltd. She is a noticeable woman entrepreneur in Hong Kong business circle. Because she will take part in the NGO forum of the Fourth World Conference on Women, the journalist interviewed her.
文摘In the recent releasing Textile Industry Invigorating Plan,"givingattention to both domestlc and overseas markets"is put into a keyposition.Under a series policies,such as increasing the tax rebaterate for textile and garment exports,and granting loan for SME,thefurther development of this industry is expectative.Otherwise,weshould know that it costs time for demand driving.This need ourpatients.The only questionis how much time we have to wait.
基金supported by Doctoral Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Jingdezhen Ceramic University(Grant No.102/01003002031)Re-accompanying Funding Project of Academic Achievements of Jingdezhen Ceramic University(Grant Nos.215/20506277,215/20506341)。
文摘The complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space is studied.By moment inequality and truncation methods,we establish the equivalent conditions of complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.The results complement the corresponding results in probability space to those for sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.
基金funded by“National Natural Science Foundation of China”grant number[71872119]“Shanxi Provincial Government Major Decision-making Consulting Project”grant number[ZB20240114]The APC was funded by“Shanxi Provincial Government Major Decision-making Consulting Project”grant number[ZB20240114].
文摘Employees’innovative performance determines an organization’s innovation,which critically impacts its structural optimization and sustainability.Applying expectancy theory,we examined how and when the Pygmalion effect occurs in the relationship between leaders’expectations of innovation and employee innovative behavior.Our sample comprised 201 frontline employees(female=31.84%;mean age=41.48 years,SD=7.97 years)in a Chinese coal enterprise,who completed surveys on innovation expectations of leaders,expected positive performance outcomes,innovative self-efficacy and innovative behavior.The results revealed that employees’expected positive performance outcomes mediated the positive relationship between leaders’innovation expectations and their innovative behavior.Employees’innovative self-efficacy positively moderated the relationship between their expected positive performance outcomes and innovative behavior,with this relationship being stronger for employees with high innovative self-efficacy.Moreover,we validated the moderated mediation model.Findings suggest that leaders can stimulate employee innovative behavior through expressing expectations and they also need to consider the boundary conditions.
文摘As an old Chinese saying goes,knowledge changes fate.An ordinary college student carries expectations of several generations of his or her family.Consequently,a vast majority of high school graduates applying for college prefer to choose colleges and majors with good employment prospects.Two years ago,facing hundreds of majors,I was caught in a dilemma.Law seemed appealing,as it could offer a high income and a worry-free life.
基金supported by Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran(no.9711199007).
文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the health expectations(HEs)in patients with diabetes and the factors affecting it using an integrative systematic review.Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted in databases including PubMed,Scopus,Science Direct,Google Scholar,ProQuest,CINAHL,SID,Iran Doc,and Magiran without time limitation using related keywords.The systematic literature search was performed using a guide provided by York University.Results:From a total of 1883 articles,17 of them finally met the eligibility criteria.According to the findings of this study,HE of diabetic patients was included in four categories:“dynamism,”“consequentialism,”“comprehensive care,”and“access to facilities.”Also,these expectations can be influenced by various factors,including“developments in societies,”“changing the conditions of health care systems,”and“individual factors.”Conclusions:Health professionals should pay attention to the expectations of diabetic patients who are involved in complex disease conditions and consider meeting them as a key factor in providing patient-centered care,improving health outcomes,and patient satisfaction.
文摘This study investigates the return dynamics,volatility structure,and risk characteristics of five representative S&P 500 stocks:Johnson&Johnson,Microsoft,NVIDIA,Coca-Cola,and Home Depot,using ARMA-GARCH models.Descriptive statistics and diagnostic tests confirm non-normality,negative skewness,fat tails,and volatility clustering,providing strong justification for conditional mean-variance modelling.Optimal model specifications are selected via the Bayesian Information Criterion,with EGARCH frameworks generally outperforming alternative GARCH variants in capturing asymmetric volatility responses.Rolling-window forecasts for 2024Q1 show that the models generate stable and reliable volatility predictions for low-volatility stocks(JNJ,KO),while performance is weaker for highly volatile stocks(NVDA),highlighting structural limitations under extreme market shifts.To evaluate risk management implications,one percent Value-at-Risk and expected shortfall were computed and backtested.Results indicated conservative tail-risk forecasts,with violation rates well within acceptable thresholds.Portfolio applications are further explored by constructing the Global Minimum Variance Portfolio(GMVP)and the Maximum Sharpe Ratio(Max SR)portfolio using rolling covariance estimates.Out-of-sample backtesting demonstrated that the GMVP delivered low volatility but modest returns,whereas the Max SR portfolio achieved significantly higher performance,consistent with the risk-return trade-off.Overall,the findings confirm that ARMA-GARCH models are effective tools for modelling conditional volatility and informing dynamic asset allocation.However,their limited adaptability to jump risk and nonlinear structural breaks underscores the need for more advanced modelling approaches in high-volatility environments.
基金funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)the Applied Research Collaborations East Midlands (ARC-EM)supported by a UKRI project grant (MR/T031816/1)。
文摘Background There is a lack of research examining the interplay between objectively measured physical activity volume and intensity with life expectancy.The purpose of the study was to investigate the interplay between objectively measured PA volume and intensity profiles with modeled life expectancy in women and men within the UK Biobank cohort study and interpret findings in relation to brisk walking.Methods Individuals from UK Biobank with wrist-worn accelerometer data were included.The average acceleration and intensity gradient were extracted to describe the physical activity volume and intensity profile.Mortality data were obtained from national registries.Adjusted life expectancies were estimated using parametric flexible survival models.Results 40,953(57.1%)women(median age=61.9 years)and 30,820(42.9%)men(63.1 years)were included.Over a median follow-up of 6.9 years,there were 1719(2.4%)deaths(733 in women;986 in men).At 60 years,life expectancy was progressively longer for higher physical activity volume and intensity profiles,reaching 95.6 years in women and 94.5 years in men at the 90th centile for both volume and intensity,corresponding to 3.4 additional years(95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.4-4.4)in women and 4.6 additional years(95%CI:3.6-5.6)in men compared to those at the 10th centiles.An additional 10-min or 30-min daily brisk walk was associated with 0.9(95%CI:0.5-1.3)and 1.4 years(95%CI:0.9-1.9)longer life expectancy,respectively,in inactive women;and 1.4 years(95%CI:1.0-1.8)and 2.5(95%CI:1.9-3.1)in inactive men.Conclusion Higher physical activity volumes were associated with longer life expectancy,with a higher physical activity intensity profile further adding to a longer life.Adding as little as a 10-min brisk walk to daily activity patterns may result in a meaningful benefit to life expectancy.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.52405255)Special Program of Huzhou(grant No.2023GZ05)+1 种基金Projects of Huzhou Science and Technology Correspondent(grant No.2023KT76)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(grant No.2025A1515010487)。
文摘Variable-fidelity(VF)surrogate models have received increasing attention in engineering design optimization as they can approximate expensive high-fidelity(HF)simulations with reduced computational power.A key challenge to building a VF model is devising an adaptive model updating strategy that jointly selects additional low-fidelity(LF)and/or HF samples.The additional samples must enhance the model accuracy while maximizing the computational efficiency.We propose ISMA-VFEEI,a global optimization framework that integrates an Improved Slime-Mould Algorithm(ISMA)and a Variable-Fidelity Expected Extension Improvement(VFEEI)learning function to construct a VF surrogate model efficiently.First,A cost-aware VFEEI function guides the adaptive LF/HF sampling by explicitly incorporating evaluation cost and existing sample proximity.Second,ISMA is employed to solve the resulting non-convex optimization problem and identify global optimal infill points for model enhancement.The efficacy of ISMA-VFEEI is demonstrated through six numerical benchmarks and one real-world engineering case study.The engineering case study of a high-speed railway Electric Multiple Unit(EMU),the optimization objective of a sanding device attained a minimum value of 1.546 using only 20 HF evaluations,outperforming all the compared methods.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China with Grant number 2021YFB2900502。
文摘In this paper,an index modulation(IM)aided uplink orthogonal time frequency space modulation(OTFS)structure for sparse code multiple access(SCMA)is proposed.To be more specific,the information bits are firstly partitioned for transmit antenna(TA)selection and sparse codeword mapping,respectively.Subsequently,the codewords deployed on the 2-dimensional(2D)delay-Doppler(DD)plane are transmitted by the selected TA,and the superimposed signals are jointly detected at the receiver.Furthermore,a low-complexity zero-embedded expectation propagation(ZE-EP)detector is conceived,where the codebooks are extended with zero vectors to reflect the silent indices.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IM-OTFS-SCMA system is capable of providing significant performance gain over the OTFS-SCMA counterpart.
