On November 3,2025,United Therapeutics Corporation(Nasdaq:UTHR)announced the first clinical xenotransplantation within its EXPAND study,involving transplantation of the UKidney into a patient with end‐stage renal dis...On November 3,2025,United Therapeutics Corporation(Nasdaq:UTHR)announced the first clinical xenotransplantation within its EXPAND study,involving transplantation of the UKidney into a patient with end‐stage renal disease(ESRD)at New York University(NYU)Langone Health.The UKidney is a genetically engineered porcine kidney incorporating 10 gene modifications-6 human gene insertions to enhance immunologic compatibility and 4 porcine gene knockouts to minimize rejection risk and control graft growth[1].In the context of the first xenotransplantation studies,“EXPAND”refers to the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)“expanded access”program,often colloquially known as compassionate use.展开更多
Aiming at mitigating the high risks associated with conventional explosive blasting,this study developed a safe directional fracturing technique,i.e.instantaneous expansion with a single fracture(IESF),using a coal-ba...Aiming at mitigating the high risks associated with conventional explosive blasting,this study developed a safe directional fracturing technique,i.e.instantaneous expansion with a single fracture(IESF),using a coal-based solid waste expanding agent.First,the mechanism of directional fracturing blasting by the IESF was analyzed,and the criterion of directional crack initiation was established.On this basis,laboratory experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to systematically evaluate the directional fracturing blasting performance of the IESF.The results indicate that the IESF presents an excellent directional fracturing effect,with average surface undulation differences ranging from 8.1 mm to 22.7 mm on the fracture surfaces.Moreover,during concrete fracturing tests,the stresses and strains in the fracturing direction are measured to be 2.16-3.71 times and 8 times larger than those in the nonfracturing direction,respectively.Finally,the IESF technique was implemented for no-pillar mining with gob-side entry retaining through roof cutting and pressure relief in an underground coal mine.The IESF technique effectively created directional cracks in the roof without causing severe roadway deformation,achieving an average cutting rate and maximum roadway deformation of 94%and 197 mm,respectively.These on-site test results verified its excellent directional rock fracturing performance.The IESF technique,which is safe,efficient,and green,has considerable application prospects in the field of rock mechanics and engineering.展开更多
For every integer 4≤d≤11,an explicit construction of infinite families of 2d-regular unique-neighbor expanders is presented,which is a generalization of the 6-regular unique-neighbors initially developed by Alon and...For every integer 4≤d≤11,an explicit construction of infinite families of 2d-regular unique-neighbor expanders is presented,which is a generalization of the 6-regular unique-neighbors initially developed by Alon and Capalbo.Additionally,for values of d greater than 11,a sufficient condition is established for employing the same construction method.Our construction method involves the“line product”of large bipartite Ramanujan graphs and a sufficiently good unique-neighbor expander(a small gadget).展开更多
Astronomical extreme events or phenomena include black holes as well as nebulae systems that resemble the Milky Way. Meteorological extreme events or phenomena include tornadoes and tropical cyclones. The new high ene...Astronomical extreme events or phenomena include black holes as well as nebulae systems that resemble the Milky Way. Meteorological extreme events or phenomena include tornadoes and tropical cyclones. The new high energy state of matter expanding outwards by spin jets from the two poles of an astronomical black hole, the new high energy state of matter in a funnel-shaped vortex showed a meteorological tornado expanding downwards from a rotated disk of cumulonimbus clouds, the new high energy state of matter in a tropical cyclone and the new high energy state of a nebulae system converging celestial materials are phenomena across disciplines and multiple time-space scales that have not yet been physically explained. In this paper, the theory of orthogonal collision in the rotational contraction continuum is used to unify the understanding of diverse extreme events or phenomena through a single dynamical mechanism, offering insights into natural processes across disciplines. In the field of astronomy, the orthogonal collision of two-beam rotating and contracting particles or stars associated with centripetal forces forms a new high-energy state of matter at the collision point and the new high-energy particles have expanding forces outward to both sides of the collision plane. In the field of meteorology, the orthogonal collision of multiple horizontally rotating and contracting airflows associated with centripetal forces forms a new high energy state of matter at the collision point as well as an updraft force and a downdraft force vertically. The updraft force and downdraft force formed by the collision of anomalous wet airflows in the lower atmosphere can well indicate tornado, thunderstorm and extreme precipitation. The orthogonal collision theory can be applied to explain new states of matter in disciplines from the astronomical scale to the meteorological scale and the Planck scale.展开更多
The process of disposing of expanded polystyrene (EPS) is by burning it in municipal incinerators. This process gives off EPS microplastics, which can find their way into water, food, blood, and major organ systems. Z...The process of disposing of expanded polystyrene (EPS) is by burning it in municipal incinerators. This process gives off EPS microplastics, which can find their way into water, food, blood, and major organ systems. Zophobas morio larvae are capable of consuming and breaking down EPS within their digestive tracts by minimizing the spread of microplastics. Studies of the consumption of EPS by Z. morio larvae are typically conducted under white or no visible light treatments. This study tested whether the color of visible light influenced the consumption rate of EPS by Z. morio larvae. If Z. morio larvae consume EPS under visible light, then visible light will influence the amount of EPS consumed. If results suggest that the consumption rate is influenced by visible light colors, then Z. morio larvae could be a solution for recycling EPS. This study’s procedure placed Z. morio larvae into 25 jars under one of six visible light treatments of red, yellow, green, blue, white, and no visible light. Each jar contained a pre-weighed block of EPS and six Z. morio larvae. After two weeks, the Z. morio larvae were removed from the jars, and the difference between each pre-weighed EPS block and the weight of the same partially consumed block was recorded in three trials. The data indicates that green and blue visible light treatments resulted in the greatest amount of EPS consumed by Z. morio larvae while the red and yellow had the least amount of EPS consumed by the Z. morio larvae. In conclusion, results indicate that green and blue visible light, compared to the no visible light treatment, could be used to influence the Z. morio larvae to consume more EPS. Green and blue visible light and Z. morio larvae could make the recycling process of EPS more environmentally friendly when used in households or by local environmental organizations.展开更多
The year 2025 marks the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Zimbabwe.During this period,China-Zimbabwe economic cooperation has deepened,especially in the fields of infrastr...The year 2025 marks the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Zimbabwe.During this period,China-Zimbabwe economic cooperation has deepened,especially in the fields of infrastructure construction,mineral resource development,and agriculture.The two sides have maintained a high degree of political mutual trust and have cooperated closely in international affairs.Cultural exchanges and people-to-people contacts have expanded,and both nations continue to work together to further deepen their partnership.展开更多
Severe segregation and poor rheological properties in crumb rubber(CR)modified asphalt(CRMT)were addressed by investigating the performance improvement effect of organic expanded vermiculite(OEV)as a comodifier,while ...Severe segregation and poor rheological properties in crumb rubber(CR)modified asphalt(CRMT)were addressed by investigating the performance improvement effect of organic expanded vermiculite(OEV)as a comodifier,while the modification mechanism of the resulting asphalt was also elucidated.Vermiculite was thermally treated and chemically modified to enhance its interaction with the asphalt matrix and CR,improving dispersion and interfacial properties.CR/OEV/furfural extract oil(OIL)composite modified asphalt(COMT)was prepared in this study.The compatibility and microscopic mechanism of modified asphalt were characterized by dynamic shear rheological test,multiple stress creep recovery(MSCR)test,BBR test,thermal segregation test,fluorescent scanning test,infrared spectroscopy,and gel permeation chromatography.Rheological tests showed that the modified asphalt exhibited improved high-temperature stability,with increased G*/sin(δ)values,and better low-temperature flexibility.Storage stability tests showed a reduced softening point difference,indicating enhanced homogeneity and reduced segregation.Microscopic analysis revealed that OEV effectively optimized the microstructure of the composite system by promoting the uniform dispersion of CR within the asphalt matrix.Furthermore,the macromolecular weight of COMT was increased by 31.9%,molecular weight analysis confirmed a higher proportion of large molecular weight fractions,contributing to enhanced rheological properties and compatibility.These findings demonstrated that OEV significantly improved the performance and durability of CRMT,providing a promising approach for sustainable road construction.展开更多
Purpose:This study aims to foster a dialog between the experiences and identities of Nigerian female breast cancer survivors and Margaret Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness.The theory was employed t...Purpose:This study aims to foster a dialog between the experiences and identities of Nigerian female breast cancer survivors and Margaret Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness.The theory was employed to explore and describe the structure and meaning of these survivors’experiences and identities.Methods:Twenty-two participants were interviewed using a qualitative approach.The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim.Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 14 software to identify recurring patterns within the data.Results:Three core themes emerged:(1)Encountering Selfhood-Otherhood in the survivorship journey,(2)navigating the rhythms of change,and(3)living the paradox of order and disorder.These themes reflect the unique and paradoxical rhythm of life as a breast cancer survivor,integrating these experiences conceptually.Conclusions:This study illuminates how Nigerian breast cancer survivors construct the patterns of meaning of their experiences by shifting the focus from solely evidence-based interventions to a deeper exploration of lived experience,cultural narratives,and expanding consciousness.Through compassionate and insightful nursing interactions,women can explore their evolving identities,foster resilience,and redefine their lives in meaningful and fulfilling ways within their unique contexts.Implications for Cancer Survivors:Greater attention is required to address the emotional,temporal,and economic dimensions of breast cancer survivorship in Nigeria.Nurses play a crucial role in helping survivors find meaning in their experiences,recognizing that order and disorder in life are integral to expanding consciousness.Survivors should be empowered to identify their patterns of living and leverage their strengths in navigating the survivorship journey and finding meaning in their lives.展开更多
Confronting the escalating global challenge of counterfeit products,developing advanced anticounterfeiting materials and structures with physical unclonable functions(PUFs)has become imperative.All-optical PUFs,distin...Confronting the escalating global challenge of counterfeit products,developing advanced anticounterfeiting materials and structures with physical unclonable functions(PUFs)has become imperative.All-optical PUFs,distinguished by their high output complexity and expansive response space,offer a promising alternative to conventional electronic counterparts.For practical authentications,the expansion of optical PUF keys usually involves intricate spatial or spectral shaping of excitation light using bulky external apparatus,which largely hinders the applications of optical PUFs.Here,we report a plasmonic PUF system based on heterogeneous nanostructures.The template-assisted shadow deposition technique was employed to adjust the morphological diversity of densely packed metal nanoparticles in individual PUFs.Transmission images were processed via a hash algorithm,and the generated PUF keys with a scalable capacity from 2875 to 243401 exhibit excellent uniqueness,randomness,and reproducibility.Furthermore,the wavelength and the polarization state of the excitation light are harnessed as two distinct expanding strategies,offering the potential for multiscenario applications via a single PUF.Overall,our reported plasmonic PUFs operated with the multidimensional expanding strategy are envisaged to serve as easy-to-integrate,easy-to-use systems and promise efficacy across a broad spectrum of applications,from anticounterfeiting to data encryption and authentication.展开更多
The United States Food and Drug Administration's(FDA's)August 2024 determination that an additional phase Ⅱ study will be required to consider the approval of midomafetamine for the treatment of posttraumatic...The United States Food and Drug Administration's(FDA's)August 2024 determination that an additional phase Ⅱ study will be required to consider the approval of midomafetamine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)could delay the potential approval of this promising treatment by several years.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatic venous outflow obstruction(HVOO)is a rare but serious complication of liver transplantation,particularly in piggyback liver transplantation techniques where the inferior vena cava(IVC)is preserved.C...BACKGROUND Hepatic venous outflow obstruction(HVOO)is a rare but serious complication of liver transplantation,particularly in piggyback liver transplantation techniques where the inferior vena cava(IVC)is preserved.CASE SUMMARY A transplanted liver patient underwent retransplantation due to hepatic artery thrombosis and subsequently developed HVOO caused by graft compression of the IVC.A novel approach using a retrohepatic tissue expander effectively relieved the IVC compression,restored venous outflow,and stabilized hemodynamics.We discuss this case in the context of current treatment options and advances in HVOO management,from endovascular interventions such as balloon dilation and stenting to innovative surgical solutions such as graft repositioning and retrohepatic implants.CONCLUSION This case shows how important personalized treatments are for managing HVOO and how tissue expanders can be an adjustable and less invasive option.展开更多
In order to effectively improve the horizontal bearing capacity of pile foundations,this study proposes post-expanded arm grouting technology and associated pile foundations.The horizontal bearing characteristic of th...In order to effectively improve the horizontal bearing capacity of pile foundations,this study proposes post-expanded arm grouting technology and associated pile foundations.The horizontal bearing characteristic of the post-expanded arm grouting pile was explored through model tests.The test results indicate that the post-expanded arm grouting pile can increase the contact area between the pile and soil,and can improve the strength of the soil.The horizontal bearing capacity of the post-expanded arm grouting pile was approximately 3 times that of the conventional pile.It also shows that the larger the plate diameter ratio or grouting volume,the higher the horizontal bearing capacity of the post-expanded arm grouting pile.The maximum bending moment of the post-expanded arm grouting pile was located at the pile plate,and the displacement zero point of the new pile was higher than that of the conventional pile.The soil resistance at the pile plate was significantly higher than that of conventional piles,indicating that the pile plate effectively enhances the soil resistance.The improved p-y curve model and horizontal bearing capacity calculation method for the post-expanded arm grouting pile were proposed by considering the pile plate diameter factor.This method was finally verified by experimental results.The results of this study can provide a reference for calculating the horizontal bearing capacity of the post-expanded arm grouting pile.展开更多
This study is to determine the support mechanism of pre-stressed expandable props for the stope roof in room- and-pillar mining, which is crucial for maintaining stability and preventing roof collapse in mines. Utiliz...This study is to determine the support mechanism of pre-stressed expandable props for the stope roof in room- and-pillar mining, which is crucial for maintaining stability and preventing roof collapse in mines. Utilizing an engineering case from a gold mine in Dandong, China, a laboratory-based similar test is conducted to extract the actual roof characteristic curve. This test continues until the mining stope collapses due to a U-shaped failure. Concurrently, a semi-theoretical method for obtaining the roof characteristic curve is proposed and verified against the actual curve. The semi-theoretical method calculated that the support force and vertical displacement at the demarcation point between the elastic and plastic zones of the roof characteristic curve are 5.0 MPa and 8.20 mm, respectively, corroborating well with the laboratory-based similar test results of 0.22 MPa and 0.730 mm. The weakening factor for the plastic zone in the roof characteristic curve was semi-theoretically estimated to be 0.75. The intersection between the actual roof characteristic curve and the support characteristic curves of expandable props, natural pillars, and concrete props indicates that the expandable prop is the most effective “yielding support” for the stope roof in room-and-pillar mining. That is, the deformation and failure of the stope roof can be effectively controlled with proper release of roof stress. This study provides practical insights for optimizing support strategies in room-and-pillar mining, enhancing the safety and efficiency of mining operations.展开更多
The scroll expander,as the core component of the micro-compressed air energy storage and power generation system,directly affects the output efficiency of the system.Meanwhile,the scroll profile plays a central role i...The scroll expander,as the core component of the micro-compressed air energy storage and power generation system,directly affects the output efficiency of the system.Meanwhile,the scroll profile plays a central role in determining the output performance of the scroll expander.In this study,in order to investigate the output characteristics of a variable cross-section scroll expander,numerical simulation and experimental studies were con-ducted by using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)methods and dynamic mesh techniques.The impact of critical parameters on the output performance of the scroll expander was analyzed through the utilization of the control variable method.It is found that increasing the inlet pressure and temperature within a certain range can improve the output power of the scroll expander.However,the increase in temperature and meshing clearance leads to a decline in the overall output performance of the scroll expander,leading to a decrease in volumetric efficiency by 8.43%and 12.79%,respectively.The experiments demonstrate that under equal inlet pressure conditions,increasing the inlet temperature elevates both the rotational speed and torque output of the scroll expander.Specifically,compared to operating at normal temperatures,the output torque increases by 21.8%under high-temperature conditions.However,the rate of speed and torque variation decreases as a consequence of enlarged meshing clearance,resulting in increased internal leakage and reduction in isentropic efficiency.展开更多
An estimated 3%-4%of people are living with the hepatitis B virus(HBV),and without treatment,the risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer(HCC)is an omnipresent threat.Prevention of HCC is a major challen...An estimated 3%-4%of people are living with the hepatitis B virus(HBV),and without treatment,the risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer(HCC)is an omnipresent threat.Prevention of HCC is a major challenge,as the association between viral suppression and HCC risk reduction is multifactorial,involving the progressive depletion of hepatocytes through covalently closed circular DNA integration,as well as the prevention of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.Despite effective and cheap antiviral treatment capable of suppressing HBV replication and thereby cirrhosis and HCC,the current indications for therapy need revision and more research to expand the gamut and treat more infected people.In this review,we discuss the possible expansion of antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis B to prevent cirrhosis and,importantly,HCC.展开更多
The expandable graphite(EG)modified TiO_(2) nanocomposites were prepared by the high shearmethod using the TiO_(2) nanoparticles(NPs)and EG as precursors,in which the amount of EG doped in TiO_(2) was 10 wt.%.Followed...The expandable graphite(EG)modified TiO_(2) nanocomposites were prepared by the high shearmethod using the TiO_(2) nanoparticles(NPs)and EG as precursors,in which the amount of EG doped in TiO_(2) was 10 wt.%.Followed by the impregnation method,adjusting the pH of the solution to 10,and using the electrostatic adsorption to achieve spatial confinement,the Pt elementswere mainly distributed on the exposed TiO_(2),thus generating the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst.The best CO oxidation activity with the excellent resistance to H_(2)O and SO_(2) was obtained over the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst:CO conversion after 36 hr of the reaction was ca.85%under the harsh condition of 10 vol.%H_(2)O and 100 ppm SO_(2) at a high gaseous hourly space velocity(GHSV)of 400,000 hr−1.Physicochemical properties of the catalystswere characterized by various techniques.The results showed that the electrostatic adsorption,which riveted the Pt elements mainly on the exposed TiO_(2) of the support surface,reduced the dispersion of Pt NPs on EG and achieved the effective dispersion of Pt NPs,hence significantly improving CO oxidation activity over the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst.The 10 wt.%EG doped in TiO_(2) caused the TiO_(2) support to form a more hydrophobic surface,which reduced the adsorption of H_(2)O and SO_(2) on the catalyst,greatly inhibited deposition of the TiOSO_(4) and formation of the PtSO4 species as well as suppressed the oxidation of SO_(2),thus resulting in an improvement in the resistance to H_(2)O and SO_(2) of the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst.展开更多
Mixed polyanion phosphate Na_(4)Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)P_(2)O_(7)(NFPP)is regarded as the most promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),due to its high structural stability and low-cost environmental frien...Mixed polyanion phosphate Na_(4)Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)P_(2)O_(7)(NFPP)is regarded as the most promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),due to its high structural stability and low-cost environmental friendliness.However,its intrinsic low conductivity and sluggish Na^(+)diffusion restricted the fast-charge and low-temperature sodium storage.Herein,an NFPP composite encapsulated by in-situ pyrolytic carbon and coupled with expanded graphite(NFPP@C/EG)was constructed via a sol-gel method followed by a ballmill procedure.Due to the dual-carbon modified strategy,this NFPP@C/EG only enhanced the electronic conductivity,but also endowed more channels for Na^(+)diffusion.As cathode for SIBs,the optimized NFPP(M-NFPP@C/EG)delivers excellent rate capability(capacity of~80.5 mAh/g at 50 C)and outstanding cycling stability(11000 cycles at 50 C with capacity retention of 89.85%).Additionally,cyclic voltammetry(CV)confirmed that its sodium storage behavior is pseudocapacitance-controlled,with in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)further elucidating improvements in electrode reaction kinetics.At lower temperatures(0℃),M-NFPP@C/EG demonstrated exceptional cycling performance(8800 cycles at 10 C with capacity retention of 95.81%).Moreover,pouch cells also exhibited excellent stability.This research demonstrates the feasibility of a dual carbon modification strategy in enhancing NFPP and proposes a low-cost,high-rate,and ultra-stable cathode material for SIBs.展开更多
基于Web of Science平台的SCI—EXPANDED数据库，采用文献计量学方法，以世界和中国发表于1995—2013年的大豆相关研究论文为检索对象，分析了不同国家、机构、作者和期刊的论文数目及引用频次、学科分布和论文语种等情况。借助CiteSpac...基于Web of Science平台的SCI—EXPANDED数据库，采用文献计量学方法，以世界和中国发表于1995—2013年的大豆相关研究论文为检索对象，分析了不同国家、机构、作者和期刊的论文数目及引用频次、学科分布和论文语种等情况。借助CiteSpaceⅢ信息可视化软件绘制大豆研究的科学知识图谱，直观地展示和分析了大豆研究的知识基础和前沿领域。结果表明：1995—2013年SCI—EXPANDED数据库共收录17576篇大豆相关研究论文，发文的36190位作者来自122个国家的5879个机构。论文数目呈波动增长态势，美国、巴西、中国、日本和韩国大豆相关研究论文数目居前5位；美国农业部所属机构、艾奥瓦州立大学和伊利诺伊大学等机构的论文质量较高。发表大豆相关论文数目位居世界前5位的作者为美国科学家Hartman G L、Shoemaker R C、Boerma H R、Nelson R L和加拿大科学家Cober E R。载文量排名前5位的期刊分别是Crop Science、Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry、Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society、Agronomy Journal和Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira。论文主要集中在植物学、农艺学、食品科学和技术、农业一跨学科、应用化学、生物化学和和分子生物学等学科。大豆分子生物学、植物保护、遗传育种、加工和品质、转基因技术、豆粕饲料和生物柴油研究是世界大豆研究的前沿领域。中国大豆研究的整体规模和水平均已位于世界前列，但在国际高影响力刊物上发表的论文数量还不多，国际影响力有待进一步提升。展开更多
A binary eutectic mixture composed of tetradecanol(TD)and myristic acid(MA)was maximally absorbed into the microstructures of expanded perlite(EP)and expanded vermiculite(EVMT),respectively,through a self-made vacuum ...A binary eutectic mixture composed of tetradecanol(TD)and myristic acid(MA)was maximally absorbed into the microstructures of expanded perlite(EP)and expanded vermiculite(EVMT),respectively,through a self-made vacuum adsorption roller to prepare phase change material(PCM)particle(PCP).Then EP and EVMT-based composite PCM plates were respectively fabricated through a mold pressing method.The thermal property,chemical stability,microstructure and durability were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter(DSC),Fourier transform infrared spectroscope(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and thermal cycling tests,respectively.The results show that both PCPs have high latent heats with 110 J/g for EP-based PCP and more than 130 J/g for EVMT-based PCP,compact microstructure without PCM leakage,stable chemical property and good durability.The research results have proved the feasibility for the vacuum adsorption roller used in the composite PCM fabrication.Results of thermal storage performance experiment indicate that the fabricated PCM plates have better thermal inertia than common building materials,and the thermal storage performance of PCM plates has nonlinearly changed with outside air velocity and temperature increase.Therefore,PCM plates show a significant potential for the practical application of building thermal storage.展开更多
A new method for preparing expanded graphite-based composites （EGCs） was developed.The obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,transmission electron microscope （TEM） and nitroge...A new method for preparing expanded graphite-based composites （EGCs） was developed.The obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,transmission electron microscope （TEM） and nitrogen adsorption.The experimental results indicated that the EGCs was not simply mechanical mixture of EG and activated carbon,instead the activated carbon was coated on the surface of interior and external pores of the EG in the form of thin carbon layer.The thickness of the activated carbon layer was nearly one hundred nanometers by calculation.It was shown that the higher the impregnation ratio and the activation temperature were,the easier the porosity development would be.And the BET surface area and the total pore volume were as high as 1978 m2/g and 0.9917 cm3/g respectively at 350℃ with an impregnation ratio of 0.9.展开更多
文摘On November 3,2025,United Therapeutics Corporation(Nasdaq:UTHR)announced the first clinical xenotransplantation within its EXPAND study,involving transplantation of the UKidney into a patient with end‐stage renal disease(ESRD)at New York University(NYU)Langone Health.The UKidney is a genetically engineered porcine kidney incorporating 10 gene modifications-6 human gene insertions to enhance immunologic compatibility and 4 porcine gene knockouts to minimize rejection risk and control graft growth[1].In the context of the first xenotransplantation studies,“EXPAND”refers to the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)“expanded access”program,often colloquially known as compassionate use.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52404155)State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control(Shandong University of Science and Technology)+1 种基金Ministry of Education(Grant No.JMDPC202402)supported by the opening project of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection(Beijing Institute of Technology).The opening project number is KFJJ24-20M.
文摘Aiming at mitigating the high risks associated with conventional explosive blasting,this study developed a safe directional fracturing technique,i.e.instantaneous expansion with a single fracture(IESF),using a coal-based solid waste expanding agent.First,the mechanism of directional fracturing blasting by the IESF was analyzed,and the criterion of directional crack initiation was established.On this basis,laboratory experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to systematically evaluate the directional fracturing blasting performance of the IESF.The results indicate that the IESF presents an excellent directional fracturing effect,with average surface undulation differences ranging from 8.1 mm to 22.7 mm on the fracture surfaces.Moreover,during concrete fracturing tests,the stresses and strains in the fracturing direction are measured to be 2.16-3.71 times and 8 times larger than those in the nonfracturing direction,respectively.Finally,the IESF technique was implemented for no-pillar mining with gob-side entry retaining through roof cutting and pressure relief in an underground coal mine.The IESF technique effectively created directional cracks in the roof without causing severe roadway deformation,achieving an average cutting rate and maximum roadway deformation of 94%and 197 mm,respectively.These on-site test results verified its excellent directional rock fracturing performance.The IESF technique,which is safe,efficient,and green,has considerable application prospects in the field of rock mechanics and engineering.
文摘For every integer 4≤d≤11,an explicit construction of infinite families of 2d-regular unique-neighbor expanders is presented,which is a generalization of the 6-regular unique-neighbors initially developed by Alon and Capalbo.Additionally,for values of d greater than 11,a sufficient condition is established for employing the same construction method.Our construction method involves the“line product”of large bipartite Ramanujan graphs and a sufficiently good unique-neighbor expander(a small gadget).
文摘Astronomical extreme events or phenomena include black holes as well as nebulae systems that resemble the Milky Way. Meteorological extreme events or phenomena include tornadoes and tropical cyclones. The new high energy state of matter expanding outwards by spin jets from the two poles of an astronomical black hole, the new high energy state of matter in a funnel-shaped vortex showed a meteorological tornado expanding downwards from a rotated disk of cumulonimbus clouds, the new high energy state of matter in a tropical cyclone and the new high energy state of a nebulae system converging celestial materials are phenomena across disciplines and multiple time-space scales that have not yet been physically explained. In this paper, the theory of orthogonal collision in the rotational contraction continuum is used to unify the understanding of diverse extreme events or phenomena through a single dynamical mechanism, offering insights into natural processes across disciplines. In the field of astronomy, the orthogonal collision of two-beam rotating and contracting particles or stars associated with centripetal forces forms a new high-energy state of matter at the collision point and the new high-energy particles have expanding forces outward to both sides of the collision plane. In the field of meteorology, the orthogonal collision of multiple horizontally rotating and contracting airflows associated with centripetal forces forms a new high energy state of matter at the collision point as well as an updraft force and a downdraft force vertically. The updraft force and downdraft force formed by the collision of anomalous wet airflows in the lower atmosphere can well indicate tornado, thunderstorm and extreme precipitation. The orthogonal collision theory can be applied to explain new states of matter in disciplines from the astronomical scale to the meteorological scale and the Planck scale.
文摘The process of disposing of expanded polystyrene (EPS) is by burning it in municipal incinerators. This process gives off EPS microplastics, which can find their way into water, food, blood, and major organ systems. Zophobas morio larvae are capable of consuming and breaking down EPS within their digestive tracts by minimizing the spread of microplastics. Studies of the consumption of EPS by Z. morio larvae are typically conducted under white or no visible light treatments. This study tested whether the color of visible light influenced the consumption rate of EPS by Z. morio larvae. If Z. morio larvae consume EPS under visible light, then visible light will influence the amount of EPS consumed. If results suggest that the consumption rate is influenced by visible light colors, then Z. morio larvae could be a solution for recycling EPS. This study’s procedure placed Z. morio larvae into 25 jars under one of six visible light treatments of red, yellow, green, blue, white, and no visible light. Each jar contained a pre-weighed block of EPS and six Z. morio larvae. After two weeks, the Z. morio larvae were removed from the jars, and the difference between each pre-weighed EPS block and the weight of the same partially consumed block was recorded in three trials. The data indicates that green and blue visible light treatments resulted in the greatest amount of EPS consumed by Z. morio larvae while the red and yellow had the least amount of EPS consumed by the Z. morio larvae. In conclusion, results indicate that green and blue visible light, compared to the no visible light treatment, could be used to influence the Z. morio larvae to consume more EPS. Green and blue visible light and Z. morio larvae could make the recycling process of EPS more environmentally friendly when used in households or by local environmental organizations.
文摘The year 2025 marks the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Zimbabwe.During this period,China-Zimbabwe economic cooperation has deepened,especially in the fields of infrastructure construction,mineral resource development,and agriculture.The two sides have maintained a high degree of political mutual trust and have cooperated closely in international affairs.Cultural exchanges and people-to-people contacts have expanded,and both nations continue to work together to further deepen their partnership.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFF0510200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52478438,52174237)+2 种基金Excellent Early Career Scientists form Germany(GZ1717)Science and Technology Project of Changsha-Outstanding Innovative Youth(kq2406007)Practice Innovation and Entrepreneurship Enhancement Program for Postgraduate of Changsha University of Science&Technology(CLSJCX24006).
文摘Severe segregation and poor rheological properties in crumb rubber(CR)modified asphalt(CRMT)were addressed by investigating the performance improvement effect of organic expanded vermiculite(OEV)as a comodifier,while the modification mechanism of the resulting asphalt was also elucidated.Vermiculite was thermally treated and chemically modified to enhance its interaction with the asphalt matrix and CR,improving dispersion and interfacial properties.CR/OEV/furfural extract oil(OIL)composite modified asphalt(COMT)was prepared in this study.The compatibility and microscopic mechanism of modified asphalt were characterized by dynamic shear rheological test,multiple stress creep recovery(MSCR)test,BBR test,thermal segregation test,fluorescent scanning test,infrared spectroscopy,and gel permeation chromatography.Rheological tests showed that the modified asphalt exhibited improved high-temperature stability,with increased G*/sin(δ)values,and better low-temperature flexibility.Storage stability tests showed a reduced softening point difference,indicating enhanced homogeneity and reduced segregation.Microscopic analysis revealed that OEV effectively optimized the microstructure of the composite system by promoting the uniform dispersion of CR within the asphalt matrix.Furthermore,the macromolecular weight of COMT was increased by 31.9%,molecular weight analysis confirmed a higher proportion of large molecular weight fractions,contributing to enhanced rheological properties and compatibility.These findings demonstrated that OEV significantly improved the performance and durability of CRMT,providing a promising approach for sustainable road construction.
文摘Purpose:This study aims to foster a dialog between the experiences and identities of Nigerian female breast cancer survivors and Margaret Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness.The theory was employed to explore and describe the structure and meaning of these survivors’experiences and identities.Methods:Twenty-two participants were interviewed using a qualitative approach.The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim.Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 14 software to identify recurring patterns within the data.Results:Three core themes emerged:(1)Encountering Selfhood-Otherhood in the survivorship journey,(2)navigating the rhythms of change,and(3)living the paradox of order and disorder.These themes reflect the unique and paradoxical rhythm of life as a breast cancer survivor,integrating these experiences conceptually.Conclusions:This study illuminates how Nigerian breast cancer survivors construct the patterns of meaning of their experiences by shifting the focus from solely evidence-based interventions to a deeper exploration of lived experience,cultural narratives,and expanding consciousness.Through compassionate and insightful nursing interactions,women can explore their evolving identities,foster resilience,and redefine their lives in meaningful and fulfilling ways within their unique contexts.Implications for Cancer Survivors:Greater attention is required to address the emotional,temporal,and economic dimensions of breast cancer survivorship in Nigeria.Nurses play a crucial role in helping survivors find meaning in their experiences,recognizing that order and disorder in life are integral to expanding consciousness.Survivors should be empowered to identify their patterns of living and leverage their strengths in navigating the survivorship journey and finding meaning in their lives.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62422503,62105080,22004016,and U22A2093)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation Regional Joint Fund(Grant Nos.2023A1515011944,2020B1515130006,and 2021B515120056)+1 种基金the Talent Recruitment Project of Guangdong(Grant No.2021QN02X179)the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(Grant Nos.JCYJ20220531095604009 and RCYX20221008092907027).
文摘Confronting the escalating global challenge of counterfeit products,developing advanced anticounterfeiting materials and structures with physical unclonable functions(PUFs)has become imperative.All-optical PUFs,distinguished by their high output complexity and expansive response space,offer a promising alternative to conventional electronic counterparts.For practical authentications,the expansion of optical PUF keys usually involves intricate spatial or spectral shaping of excitation light using bulky external apparatus,which largely hinders the applications of optical PUFs.Here,we report a plasmonic PUF system based on heterogeneous nanostructures.The template-assisted shadow deposition technique was employed to adjust the morphological diversity of densely packed metal nanoparticles in individual PUFs.Transmission images were processed via a hash algorithm,and the generated PUF keys with a scalable capacity from 2875 to 243401 exhibit excellent uniqueness,randomness,and reproducibility.Furthermore,the wavelength and the polarization state of the excitation light are harnessed as two distinct expanding strategies,offering the potential for multiscenario applications via a single PUF.Overall,our reported plasmonic PUFs operated with the multidimensional expanding strategy are envisaged to serve as easy-to-integrate,easy-to-use systems and promise efficacy across a broad spectrum of applications,from anticounterfeiting to data encryption and authentication.
文摘The United States Food and Drug Administration's(FDA's)August 2024 determination that an additional phase Ⅱ study will be required to consider the approval of midomafetamine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)could delay the potential approval of this promising treatment by several years.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatic venous outflow obstruction(HVOO)is a rare but serious complication of liver transplantation,particularly in piggyback liver transplantation techniques where the inferior vena cava(IVC)is preserved.CASE SUMMARY A transplanted liver patient underwent retransplantation due to hepatic artery thrombosis and subsequently developed HVOO caused by graft compression of the IVC.A novel approach using a retrohepatic tissue expander effectively relieved the IVC compression,restored venous outflow,and stabilized hemodynamics.We discuss this case in the context of current treatment options and advances in HVOO management,from endovascular interventions such as balloon dilation and stenting to innovative surgical solutions such as graft repositioning and retrohepatic implants.CONCLUSION This case shows how important personalized treatments are for managing HVOO and how tissue expanders can be an adjustable and less invasive option.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52208333 and 52378328)China Communications Construction Company Ltd.(Grant No.2023-ZJKJ-01).
文摘In order to effectively improve the horizontal bearing capacity of pile foundations,this study proposes post-expanded arm grouting technology and associated pile foundations.The horizontal bearing characteristic of the post-expanded arm grouting pile was explored through model tests.The test results indicate that the post-expanded arm grouting pile can increase the contact area between the pile and soil,and can improve the strength of the soil.The horizontal bearing capacity of the post-expanded arm grouting pile was approximately 3 times that of the conventional pile.It also shows that the larger the plate diameter ratio or grouting volume,the higher the horizontal bearing capacity of the post-expanded arm grouting pile.The maximum bending moment of the post-expanded arm grouting pile was located at the pile plate,and the displacement zero point of the new pile was higher than that of the conventional pile.The soil resistance at the pile plate was significantly higher than that of conventional piles,indicating that the pile plate effectively enhances the soil resistance.The improved p-y curve model and horizontal bearing capacity calculation method for the post-expanded arm grouting pile were proposed by considering the pile plate diameter factor.This method was finally verified by experimental results.The results of this study can provide a reference for calculating the horizontal bearing capacity of the post-expanded arm grouting pile.
基金Project(2022YFC2903801) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(52374117, 52274115) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘This study is to determine the support mechanism of pre-stressed expandable props for the stope roof in room- and-pillar mining, which is crucial for maintaining stability and preventing roof collapse in mines. Utilizing an engineering case from a gold mine in Dandong, China, a laboratory-based similar test is conducted to extract the actual roof characteristic curve. This test continues until the mining stope collapses due to a U-shaped failure. Concurrently, a semi-theoretical method for obtaining the roof characteristic curve is proposed and verified against the actual curve. The semi-theoretical method calculated that the support force and vertical displacement at the demarcation point between the elastic and plastic zones of the roof characteristic curve are 5.0 MPa and 8.20 mm, respectively, corroborating well with the laboratory-based similar test results of 0.22 MPa and 0.730 mm. The weakening factor for the plastic zone in the roof characteristic curve was semi-theoretically estimated to be 0.75. The intersection between the actual roof characteristic curve and the support characteristic curves of expandable props, natural pillars, and concrete props indicates that the expandable prop is the most effective “yielding support” for the stope roof in room-and-pillar mining. That is, the deformation and failure of the stope roof can be effectively controlled with proper release of roof stress. This study provides practical insights for optimizing support strategies in room-and-pillar mining, enhancing the safety and efficiency of mining operations.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFE0208100).
文摘The scroll expander,as the core component of the micro-compressed air energy storage and power generation system,directly affects the output efficiency of the system.Meanwhile,the scroll profile plays a central role in determining the output performance of the scroll expander.In this study,in order to investigate the output characteristics of a variable cross-section scroll expander,numerical simulation and experimental studies were con-ducted by using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)methods and dynamic mesh techniques.The impact of critical parameters on the output performance of the scroll expander was analyzed through the utilization of the control variable method.It is found that increasing the inlet pressure and temperature within a certain range can improve the output power of the scroll expander.However,the increase in temperature and meshing clearance leads to a decline in the overall output performance of the scroll expander,leading to a decrease in volumetric efficiency by 8.43%and 12.79%,respectively.The experiments demonstrate that under equal inlet pressure conditions,increasing the inlet temperature elevates both the rotational speed and torque output of the scroll expander.Specifically,compared to operating at normal temperatures,the output torque increases by 21.8%under high-temperature conditions.However,the rate of speed and torque variation decreases as a consequence of enlarged meshing clearance,resulting in increased internal leakage and reduction in isentropic efficiency.
文摘An estimated 3%-4%of people are living with the hepatitis B virus(HBV),and without treatment,the risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer(HCC)is an omnipresent threat.Prevention of HCC is a major challenge,as the association between viral suppression and HCC risk reduction is multifactorial,involving the progressive depletion of hepatocytes through covalently closed circular DNA integration,as well as the prevention of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.Despite effective and cheap antiviral treatment capable of suppressing HBV replication and thereby cirrhosis and HCC,the current indications for therapy need revision and more research to expand the gamut and treat more infected people.In this review,we discuss the possible expansion of antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis B to prevent cirrhosis and,importantly,HCC.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2017YFC0210303).
文摘The expandable graphite(EG)modified TiO_(2) nanocomposites were prepared by the high shearmethod using the TiO_(2) nanoparticles(NPs)and EG as precursors,in which the amount of EG doped in TiO_(2) was 10 wt.%.Followed by the impregnation method,adjusting the pH of the solution to 10,and using the electrostatic adsorption to achieve spatial confinement,the Pt elementswere mainly distributed on the exposed TiO_(2),thus generating the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst.The best CO oxidation activity with the excellent resistance to H_(2)O and SO_(2) was obtained over the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst:CO conversion after 36 hr of the reaction was ca.85%under the harsh condition of 10 vol.%H_(2)O and 100 ppm SO_(2) at a high gaseous hourly space velocity(GHSV)of 400,000 hr−1.Physicochemical properties of the catalystswere characterized by various techniques.The results showed that the electrostatic adsorption,which riveted the Pt elements mainly on the exposed TiO_(2) of the support surface,reduced the dispersion of Pt NPs on EG and achieved the effective dispersion of Pt NPs,hence significantly improving CO oxidation activity over the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst.The 10 wt.%EG doped in TiO_(2) caused the TiO_(2) support to form a more hydrophobic surface,which reduced the adsorption of H_(2)O and SO_(2) on the catalyst,greatly inhibited deposition of the TiOSO_(4) and formation of the PtSO4 species as well as suppressed the oxidation of SO_(2),thus resulting in an improvement in the resistance to H_(2)O and SO_(2) of the Pt/10EG-TiO_(2)-10 catalyst.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB2502000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20332,51771076,U21A200970,52301266)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(No.2024A04J3332)。
文摘Mixed polyanion phosphate Na_(4)Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)P_(2)O_(7)(NFPP)is regarded as the most promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),due to its high structural stability and low-cost environmental friendliness.However,its intrinsic low conductivity and sluggish Na^(+)diffusion restricted the fast-charge and low-temperature sodium storage.Herein,an NFPP composite encapsulated by in-situ pyrolytic carbon and coupled with expanded graphite(NFPP@C/EG)was constructed via a sol-gel method followed by a ballmill procedure.Due to the dual-carbon modified strategy,this NFPP@C/EG only enhanced the electronic conductivity,but also endowed more channels for Na^(+)diffusion.As cathode for SIBs,the optimized NFPP(M-NFPP@C/EG)delivers excellent rate capability(capacity of~80.5 mAh/g at 50 C)and outstanding cycling stability(11000 cycles at 50 C with capacity retention of 89.85%).Additionally,cyclic voltammetry(CV)confirmed that its sodium storage behavior is pseudocapacitance-controlled,with in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)further elucidating improvements in electrode reaction kinetics.At lower temperatures(0℃),M-NFPP@C/EG demonstrated exceptional cycling performance(8800 cycles at 10 C with capacity retention of 95.81%).Moreover,pouch cells also exhibited excellent stability.This research demonstrates the feasibility of a dual carbon modification strategy in enhancing NFPP and proposes a low-cost,high-rate,and ultra-stable cathode material for SIBs.
文摘基于Web of Science平台的SCI—EXPANDED数据库，采用文献计量学方法，以世界和中国发表于1995—2013年的大豆相关研究论文为检索对象，分析了不同国家、机构、作者和期刊的论文数目及引用频次、学科分布和论文语种等情况。借助CiteSpaceⅢ信息可视化软件绘制大豆研究的科学知识图谱，直观地展示和分析了大豆研究的知识基础和前沿领域。结果表明：1995—2013年SCI—EXPANDED数据库共收录17576篇大豆相关研究论文，发文的36190位作者来自122个国家的5879个机构。论文数目呈波动增长态势，美国、巴西、中国、日本和韩国大豆相关研究论文数目居前5位；美国农业部所属机构、艾奥瓦州立大学和伊利诺伊大学等机构的论文质量较高。发表大豆相关论文数目位居世界前5位的作者为美国科学家Hartman G L、Shoemaker R C、Boerma H R、Nelson R L和加拿大科学家Cober E R。载文量排名前5位的期刊分别是Crop Science、Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry、Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society、Agronomy Journal和Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira。论文主要集中在植物学、农艺学、食品科学和技术、农业一跨学科、应用化学、生物化学和和分子生物学等学科。大豆分子生物学、植物保护、遗传育种、加工和品质、转基因技术、豆粕饲料和生物柴油研究是世界大豆研究的前沿领域。中国大豆研究的整体规模和水平均已位于世界前列，但在国际高影响力刊物上发表的论文数量还不多，国际影响力有待进一步提升。
基金Project(51408184)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(E2017202136)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China+1 种基金Project(BSBE2017-05)supported by Opening Funds of State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment and National Engineering Research Center of Building Technology,ChinaProject(QG2018-3)supported by Hebei Provincial Department of Transportation,China
文摘A binary eutectic mixture composed of tetradecanol(TD)and myristic acid(MA)was maximally absorbed into the microstructures of expanded perlite(EP)and expanded vermiculite(EVMT),respectively,through a self-made vacuum adsorption roller to prepare phase change material(PCM)particle(PCP).Then EP and EVMT-based composite PCM plates were respectively fabricated through a mold pressing method.The thermal property,chemical stability,microstructure and durability were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter(DSC),Fourier transform infrared spectroscope(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and thermal cycling tests,respectively.The results show that both PCPs have high latent heats with 110 J/g for EP-based PCP and more than 130 J/g for EVMT-based PCP,compact microstructure without PCM leakage,stable chemical property and good durability.The research results have proved the feasibility for the vacuum adsorption roller used in the composite PCM fabrication.Results of thermal storage performance experiment indicate that the fabricated PCM plates have better thermal inertia than common building materials,and the thermal storage performance of PCM plates has nonlinearly changed with outside air velocity and temperature increase.Therefore,PCM plates show a significant potential for the practical application of building thermal storage.
基金Funded by the Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2009534)Foundation of Oil Gas Storage and Transport of Jiangsu Province (No.CY0901)
文摘A new method for preparing expanded graphite-based composites （EGCs） was developed.The obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,transmission electron microscope （TEM） and nitrogen adsorption.The experimental results indicated that the EGCs was not simply mechanical mixture of EG and activated carbon,instead the activated carbon was coated on the surface of interior and external pores of the EG in the form of thin carbon layer.The thickness of the activated carbon layer was nearly one hundred nanometers by calculation.It was shown that the higher the impregnation ratio and the activation temperature were,the easier the porosity development would be.And the BET surface area and the total pore volume were as high as 1978 m2/g and 0.9917 cm3/g respectively at 350℃ with an impregnation ratio of 0.9.
