A more automated graphic user interface (GUI) test model, which is based on the event-flow graph, is proposed. In the model, a user interface automation API tool is first used to carry out reverse engineering for a GU...A more automated graphic user interface (GUI) test model, which is based on the event-flow graph, is proposed. In the model, a user interface automation API tool is first used to carry out reverse engineering for a GUI test sample so as to obtain the event-flow graph. Then two approaches are adopted to create GUI test sample cases. That is to say, an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is employed to establish a sequence of testing cases in the course of the daily smoke test. The sequence goes through all object event points in the event-flow graph. On the other hand, the spanning tree obtained by deep breadth-first search (BFS) approach is utilized to obtain the testing cases from goal point to outset point in the course of the deep regression test. Finally, these cases are applied to test the new GUI. Moreover, according to the above-mentioned model, a corresponding prototype system based on Microsoft UI automation framework is developed, thus giving a more effective way to improve the GUI automation test in Windows OS.展开更多
目的探讨血尿酸水平与免疫球蛋白A肾病(immunoglobulin A nephropathy,IgAN)患者动脉粥样硬化和心血管事件的相关性。方法选择2020年1月1日至2021年12月31日在深圳市南山区人民医院接受肾活检证实为IgAN的146例患者作为研究对象。根据...目的探讨血尿酸水平与免疫球蛋白A肾病(immunoglobulin A nephropathy,IgAN)患者动脉粥样硬化和心血管事件的相关性。方法选择2020年1月1日至2021年12月31日在深圳市南山区人民医院接受肾活检证实为IgAN的146例患者作为研究对象。根据尿酸水平的三分位数将患者分为T1水平组(≤220μmol/L)、T2水平组(220μmol/L~260μmol/L)和T3组(≥260μmol/L)。通过冠状动脉造影术定量分析血流储备分数。本研究的终点是主要心血管事件(major adverse cardiovascular events,MACE),包括冠状动脉疾病、卒中、外周动脉疾病和心血管死亡。根据患者是否发生MACE分为非MACE组和MACE组。结果在随访期间,有23例IgAN患者发生MACE事件。与非MACE组患者相比,MACE组的慢性肾脏病3~4期例数(19例比62例)、肌酐水平[117.00(109.00,138.00)μmol/L比136.00(121.00,169.00)μmol/L]、尿酸水平[(263.66±91.69)μmol/L比(371.45±156.58)μmol/L]、直径狭窄比例[46.00(40.00,52.00)%比51.00(43.00,59.00)%]显著增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),估算肾小球滤过率水平[57.00(44.00,83.00)mL·min^(-1)·(1.73 m^(2))-1比39.00(33.00,51.00)mL·min^(-1)·(1.73 m^(2))^(-1)]、最小管腔直径[1.43(1.21,1.66)mm比1.16(0.90,1.53)mm]显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归模型显示,血尿酸(HR=4.137,95%CI:1.135~15.084)是IgAN患者发生MACE事件的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析显示,血尿酸水平在截止值为247μmol/L时,曲线下面积为0.733(95%CI:0.623~0.843),敏感度为87.0%,特异度为56.9%。Kaplan-Maier分析显示,血尿酸高水平组随访期间MACE事件发生率为27.4%(20/73),血尿酸低水平组MACE事件发生率为4.1%(3/73),组间比较差异具有统计学意义(Log-Rank=15.233,P<0.001)。结论血尿酸水平与IgAN患者的动脉粥样硬化发展和MACE事件的发生相关。在IgAN患者中较高的血尿酸水平有助于预测MACE事件的发生。展开更多
文摘A more automated graphic user interface (GUI) test model, which is based on the event-flow graph, is proposed. In the model, a user interface automation API tool is first used to carry out reverse engineering for a GUI test sample so as to obtain the event-flow graph. Then two approaches are adopted to create GUI test sample cases. That is to say, an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is employed to establish a sequence of testing cases in the course of the daily smoke test. The sequence goes through all object event points in the event-flow graph. On the other hand, the spanning tree obtained by deep breadth-first search (BFS) approach is utilized to obtain the testing cases from goal point to outset point in the course of the deep regression test. Finally, these cases are applied to test the new GUI. Moreover, according to the above-mentioned model, a corresponding prototype system based on Microsoft UI automation framework is developed, thus giving a more effective way to improve the GUI automation test in Windows OS.
