The paradise thread fish(Polynemus paradiseus)is a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline fish that primarily lives in diversified coastal and estuarine habitats.A comprehensive understanding of the diverg...The paradise thread fish(Polynemus paradiseus)is a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline fish that primarily lives in diversified coastal and estuarine habitats.A comprehensive understanding of the divergence in body shape and discrimination in population parameters related to habitats is crucial for fisheries management and conservation endeavours.To test whether significant morphological differences exist between P.paradiseus populations inhabiting different coastal environments,a total of 366 individuals(198 male and 168 female)were collected from five distant places over three zones-Cox's Bazar(Bakkhali River)and Chattogram(Karnaphuli River)in the southeast coastal regions,Noakhali(lower Meghna River)in the southcentral zone,and Khulna(Shibsa River)and Borguna(Bishkhali River)in the southwest zones adjacent to the Bay of Bengal,Bangladesh in November 2022.The truss networking and geometric morphometric analysis(GMA)indicated variations in body shape among P.paradiseus individuals induced by sexual dimorphism.Wireframe graphs demonstrated that female individuals had wider dorsal-abdominal parts than males.Using the truss networking dataset for five coastal habitats,multivariate analyses revealed two overlapping clusters:southwest(Borguna and Khulna)populations in one cluster,while central(Noakhali)and southeast(Chattogram and Cox's Bazar)populations form separate clusters.The GMA also illustrated that the Khulna-Borguna population was located near the opposite end of the Chattogram-Cox's Bazar population axis,and the Noakhali populations were somewhat in the middle,with a high degree of overlap.Wireframe graphs displayed a significant body shape variations among populations,mainly in the snout shape,the width of the dorsal-abdominal part,the tail shape,and the head shape.The Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that there were pronounced variations in body shape between two populations located in distant regions,while there were minimum variations between two populations located close to each other.This study underscores the effectiveness of landmark-based truss networking and geometric morphometrics in discerning morphological variations across different habitats.These variations likely hold adaptive significance and are critical for informed population management and conservation strategies in the population structure of euryhaline P.paradisus.展开更多
Background:Aquatic invertebrate species that have broad salinity tolerances may be pre-adapted for invasion success and biogeographic distributional range expansions,facilitated by human-mediated dispersal(HMD),leadin...Background:Aquatic invertebrate species that have broad salinity tolerances may be pre-adapted for invasion success and biogeographic distributional range expansions,facilitated by human-mediated dispersal(HMD),leading to a trend to become neocosmopolitan across many regions of the world.This pattern appears to characterize many Ponto-Caspian(P-C)aquatic invertebrates,which have a>100-year history as aquatic invasive species(AIS),spreading throughout much of Eurasia and for some,in North America and beyond.Our study compiles comparative salinity conditions and distributional data for AIS invertebrate species globally versus those originating from the P-C region,to test whether they statistically differ.Results:Our investigation discerns that a total of 1861 invertebrate AIS taxa have been recorded worldwide,with(A)70.5%exclusively living in the saline adaptive zone of brackish(0.5-30 ppt;A1)and/or marine waters(>30 ppt;A2),(B)20%in the freshwater adaptive zone alone(0-0.5 ppt),(C)7.5%being euryhaline(across both A and B),and(D)2%being semi-aquatic in either(D1)freshwater/terrestrial or(D2)saline/terrestrial environments.In contrast,our results indicate the following proportions for AIS invertebrates of P-C origins:(A)27%exclusively inhabit the saline adaptive zone,(B)25%are entirely freshwater,(C)45%are euryhaline,and(D)3%are semi-aquatic,significantly differing from the global pattern.Euryhaline AIS native to the P-C region thus markedly outnumber(45%)those originating from other regions(7.5%),likely pre-adapting them for widespread establishment in harbors,estuaries,and coastal areas.Moreover,most P-C invertebrate AIS(70%)contain freshwater-tolerant populations(B+C),rendering them very successful invaders of inland water bodies.These broad salinity tolerances of P-C AIS underlie their tremendous invasion successes and growing neocosmopolitan distributions with HMD.Conclusions:An evolutionary and recent history of broad salinity tolerances of a large proportion of P-C invertebrates appears to enhance their ability to invade,establish,and spread in new regions,especially harbors,estuaries,and freshwaters,leading to their increasing neocosmopolitan distributions.This trend likely will continue-accelerating with climate change and increased global transportation-meriting worldwide conservation agency focus and cooperation,along with public education programs aimed to rapidly identify and circumvent new introductions and spread.展开更多
基金funded by the Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University(CVASU)research budget and the University Grants Commission(UGC)of Bangladesh(Grant No CVASU 27).
文摘The paradise thread fish(Polynemus paradiseus)is a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline fish that primarily lives in diversified coastal and estuarine habitats.A comprehensive understanding of the divergence in body shape and discrimination in population parameters related to habitats is crucial for fisheries management and conservation endeavours.To test whether significant morphological differences exist between P.paradiseus populations inhabiting different coastal environments,a total of 366 individuals(198 male and 168 female)were collected from five distant places over three zones-Cox's Bazar(Bakkhali River)and Chattogram(Karnaphuli River)in the southeast coastal regions,Noakhali(lower Meghna River)in the southcentral zone,and Khulna(Shibsa River)and Borguna(Bishkhali River)in the southwest zones adjacent to the Bay of Bengal,Bangladesh in November 2022.The truss networking and geometric morphometric analysis(GMA)indicated variations in body shape among P.paradiseus individuals induced by sexual dimorphism.Wireframe graphs demonstrated that female individuals had wider dorsal-abdominal parts than males.Using the truss networking dataset for five coastal habitats,multivariate analyses revealed two overlapping clusters:southwest(Borguna and Khulna)populations in one cluster,while central(Noakhali)and southeast(Chattogram and Cox's Bazar)populations form separate clusters.The GMA also illustrated that the Khulna-Borguna population was located near the opposite end of the Chattogram-Cox's Bazar population axis,and the Noakhali populations were somewhat in the middle,with a high degree of overlap.Wireframe graphs displayed a significant body shape variations among populations,mainly in the snout shape,the width of the dorsal-abdominal part,the tail shape,and the head shape.The Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that there were pronounced variations in body shape between two populations located in distant regions,while there were minimum variations between two populations located close to each other.This study underscores the effectiveness of landmark-based truss networking and geometric morphometrics in discerning morphological variations across different habitats.These variations likely hold adaptive significance and are critical for informed population management and conservation strategies in the population structure of euryhaline P.paradisus.
文摘Background:Aquatic invertebrate species that have broad salinity tolerances may be pre-adapted for invasion success and biogeographic distributional range expansions,facilitated by human-mediated dispersal(HMD),leading to a trend to become neocosmopolitan across many regions of the world.This pattern appears to characterize many Ponto-Caspian(P-C)aquatic invertebrates,which have a>100-year history as aquatic invasive species(AIS),spreading throughout much of Eurasia and for some,in North America and beyond.Our study compiles comparative salinity conditions and distributional data for AIS invertebrate species globally versus those originating from the P-C region,to test whether they statistically differ.Results:Our investigation discerns that a total of 1861 invertebrate AIS taxa have been recorded worldwide,with(A)70.5%exclusively living in the saline adaptive zone of brackish(0.5-30 ppt;A1)and/or marine waters(>30 ppt;A2),(B)20%in the freshwater adaptive zone alone(0-0.5 ppt),(C)7.5%being euryhaline(across both A and B),and(D)2%being semi-aquatic in either(D1)freshwater/terrestrial or(D2)saline/terrestrial environments.In contrast,our results indicate the following proportions for AIS invertebrates of P-C origins:(A)27%exclusively inhabit the saline adaptive zone,(B)25%are entirely freshwater,(C)45%are euryhaline,and(D)3%are semi-aquatic,significantly differing from the global pattern.Euryhaline AIS native to the P-C region thus markedly outnumber(45%)those originating from other regions(7.5%),likely pre-adapting them for widespread establishment in harbors,estuaries,and coastal areas.Moreover,most P-C invertebrate AIS(70%)contain freshwater-tolerant populations(B+C),rendering them very successful invaders of inland water bodies.These broad salinity tolerances of P-C AIS underlie their tremendous invasion successes and growing neocosmopolitan distributions with HMD.Conclusions:An evolutionary and recent history of broad salinity tolerances of a large proportion of P-C invertebrates appears to enhance their ability to invade,establish,and spread in new regions,especially harbors,estuaries,and freshwaters,leading to their increasing neocosmopolitan distributions.This trend likely will continue-accelerating with climate change and increased global transportation-meriting worldwide conservation agency focus and cooperation,along with public education programs aimed to rapidly identify and circumvent new introductions and spread.
