The optimum levels of Lysine and Glutamine needed for growth performance and maintenance of the chicken broilers were evaluated in a randomized 3 × 4 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments. The battery cages...The optimum levels of Lysine and Glutamine needed for growth performance and maintenance of the chicken broilers were evaluated in a randomized 3 × 4 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments. The battery cages measured 99 × 66 × 25 cm that can be sufficient for 5 birds. Day old Chicken broilers totaling 180 were assigned to dietary treatments comprising of 3 concentrations of Lysine (0.85, 1.14, and 1.42) each in combination with 4 concentrations of Glutamine (0, 1, 2, and 3). Each dietary treatment was replicated 3 times and each replication had 5 birds. The birds were given feed and water ad libitum with a 23-hour light regimen for a period of 4 weeks. Then, the experimental birds were evaluated for body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion in order to determine their optimum requirement for dietary Lysine and Glutamine. Based on the findings of this study, the highest performance was observed in birds fed the diet supplemented with 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine, but the highest improvement in feed conversion was observed in diet contain 1.14 and 1.42 with 1% and 3% glutamine, respectively. Birds fed 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine had the highest total body weight gain and feed consumption. The lysine requirements in the diet for Chicken are between 1.14 and 1.42 with glutamine level of 1%.展开更多
Protein malnutrition is quite common worldwide; its deficiency has adverse effects in all organs. Edible insect＇s traditional cultural food, commonly consumed in rural communities, now intake is also being incorporat...Protein malnutrition is quite common worldwide; its deficiency has adverse effects in all organs. Edible insect＇s traditional cultural food, commonly consumed in rural communities, now intake is also being incorporated in some countries. Grasshoppers comprise proteins, the building blocks of AA （amino acids）, that are one of the five classes of complex biomolecules found in cells and tissues that play an important role in human metabolism and nutrition. This research was conducted to determine proximal composition of Sphenarium purpurascens Ch, grasshoppers, focused on proteins and AA. Sampling was performed during autumn, 2013, in Oaxaca State. Dry raw adult insects were ground and proceeded to macro molecules proximal analysis, protein by Kjeldahl AOAC （Association of Official Analytical Chemists） method and essential AA in a Beckman 6300 equipment. Obtained data were： total proteins 71.56%; lipids 8.14%; minerals 3.52%; fiber 7.48%; soluble carbohydrates 9.30%. Essential AA （mg/16 g-N）： isoleucine 4.5; leucine 8.1; lysine 5.4; methionine ＋ cysteine 5.1; phenylalanine ＋ tyrosine 8.5; threonine 3.5; tryptophan 0.6; valine 5.5. Sphenarium purpurascens Ch, Grasshoppers represent a good source of proteins and essential AA that can grow almost everywhere, available mostly all year round and affordable to all social groups, thus being a good option to improve human health.展开更多
文摘The optimum levels of Lysine and Glutamine needed for growth performance and maintenance of the chicken broilers were evaluated in a randomized 3 × 4 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments. The battery cages measured 99 × 66 × 25 cm that can be sufficient for 5 birds. Day old Chicken broilers totaling 180 were assigned to dietary treatments comprising of 3 concentrations of Lysine (0.85, 1.14, and 1.42) each in combination with 4 concentrations of Glutamine (0, 1, 2, and 3). Each dietary treatment was replicated 3 times and each replication had 5 birds. The birds were given feed and water ad libitum with a 23-hour light regimen for a period of 4 weeks. Then, the experimental birds were evaluated for body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion in order to determine their optimum requirement for dietary Lysine and Glutamine. Based on the findings of this study, the highest performance was observed in birds fed the diet supplemented with 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine, but the highest improvement in feed conversion was observed in diet contain 1.14 and 1.42 with 1% and 3% glutamine, respectively. Birds fed 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine had the highest total body weight gain and feed consumption. The lysine requirements in the diet for Chicken are between 1.14 and 1.42 with glutamine level of 1%.
文摘Protein malnutrition is quite common worldwide; its deficiency has adverse effects in all organs. Edible insect＇s traditional cultural food, commonly consumed in rural communities, now intake is also being incorporated in some countries. Grasshoppers comprise proteins, the building blocks of AA （amino acids）, that are one of the five classes of complex biomolecules found in cells and tissues that play an important role in human metabolism and nutrition. This research was conducted to determine proximal composition of Sphenarium purpurascens Ch, grasshoppers, focused on proteins and AA. Sampling was performed during autumn, 2013, in Oaxaca State. Dry raw adult insects were ground and proceeded to macro molecules proximal analysis, protein by Kjeldahl AOAC （Association of Official Analytical Chemists） method and essential AA in a Beckman 6300 equipment. Obtained data were： total proteins 71.56%; lipids 8.14%; minerals 3.52%; fiber 7.48%; soluble carbohydrates 9.30%. Essential AA （mg/16 g-N）： isoleucine 4.5; leucine 8.1; lysine 5.4; methionine ＋ cysteine 5.1; phenylalanine ＋ tyrosine 8.5; threonine 3.5; tryptophan 0.6; valine 5.5. Sphenarium purpurascens Ch, Grasshoppers represent a good source of proteins and essential AA that can grow almost everywhere, available mostly all year round and affordable to all social groups, thus being a good option to improve human health.
