Non-Newtonian is a type of fluid that does not comply with the viscosity under the Law of Newton and is being widely used in industrial applications.These include those related to chemical industries,cosmetics manufac...Non-Newtonian is a type of fluid that does not comply with the viscosity under the Law of Newton and is being widely used in industrial applications.These include those related to chemical industries,cosmetics manufacturing,pharmaceutical field,food processing,as well as oil and gas activities.The inability of the conventional equations of Navier–Stokes to accurately depict rheological behavior for certain fluids led to an emergence study for non-Newtonian fluids’models.In line with this,a mathematical model of forced convective flow on non-Newtonian Eyring Powell fluid under temperature-dependent viscosity(TDV)circumstance is formulated.The fluid model is embedded with the Newtonian heating(NH)boundary condition as a heating circumstance and is assumed to move over a stretching sheet acting vertically.Using appropriate similarity variables,the respective model was converted into ordinary differential equations(ODE),which was later solved utilizing the Keller box approach.The present model is validated by comparing the existing output in literature at certain special limiting cases,where the validation results display a firm agreement.The current outputs for the proposed model are shown in tabular and graphical form for variation of skin friction plus Nusselt number,velocity and temperature distribution,respectively.展开更多
The viscosity of a substance or material is intensely influenced by the temperature,especially in the field of lubricant engineering where the changeable temperature is well executed.In this paper,the problem of tempe...The viscosity of a substance or material is intensely influenced by the temperature,especially in the field of lubricant engineering where the changeable temperature is well executed.In this paper,the problem of temperature-dependent viscosity on mixed convection flow of Eyring Powell fluid was studied together with Newtonian heating thermal boundary condition.The flow was assumed to move over a vertical stretching sheet.The model of the problem,which is in partial differential equations,was first transformed to ordinary differential equations using appropriate transformations.This approach was considered to reduce the complexity of the equations.Then,the transformed equations were solved using the Keller box method under the finite difference scheme approach.The validation process of the results was performed,and it was found to be in an excellent agreement.The results on the present computation are shown in tabular form and also graphical illustration.The major finding was observed where the skin friction and Nusselt number were boosted in the strong viscosity.展开更多
Scale effects and evaluation models are crucial to the accuracy of landscape ecological risk evaluation.However,most studies conduct these evaluations at a single scale or with a single model,ignoring potential scale ...Scale effects and evaluation models are crucial to the accuracy of landscape ecological risk evaluation.However,most studies conduct these evaluations at a single scale or with a single model,ignoring potential scale effects and changes in landscape patterns.To address this,we took the Leshan City in Sichuan Province of China as a study case.We determined that the optimal spatial granularity for the study area is 150 m by analyzing the sensitivities of eight landscape pattern indices such as landscape fragmentation,landscape spreading,and Shannon's diversity at different spatial granularities,and employing the inflection point identification method.Building on this,we constructed a landscape pattern index model(ERI model)and a landscape pattern index model coupled with the ecological process of soil erosion(SI-ERI model)by incorporating the natural geographic factors of the study area.We used the ERI and SI-ERI models to evaluate the landscape ecological risk of Leshan City across multiple scales,including ecological,administrative,and sample scales.After conducting overlay and spatial autocorrelation analyses of the multi-scale evaluation results,we determined that the administrative scale is optimal for evaluating landscape ecological risk in the study area.At this scale,we verified the accuracy and reliability of the two models'evaluation results against the actual ecological environment in typical areas within the study area.The findings indicated that the SI-ERI model provided more precise and accurate spatial characterization,effectively reflecting the actual landscape ecological risk of Leshan City.According to the SI-ERI model's evaluation results at the administrative scale,Leshan City's overall risk level is relatively low,with good ecological environmental quality.Low-risk areas constitute 56.16%and medium-low-risk areas make up 23.81%,aligning closely with the city's actual situation.This study thus offers a scientific basis and theoretical reference for managing ecological risks and planning urban development in Leshan City.展开更多
In this article, the biosynthetic pathways of storage oil accumulation in oilseed plants were briefly introduced, and the transcription factors, such as B3 do- main supeffamily genes, lecl gene, wril gene etc., and th...In this article, the biosynthetic pathways of storage oil accumulation in oilseed plants were briefly introduced, and the transcription factors, such as B3 do- main supeffamily genes, lecl gene, wril gene etc., and their important role in oil accumulation regulation was mainly elucidated. Overexpession of transcription factors as feasible ways of genetic manipulation to increase oJl content in oilseed crops are promising in a long-term perspective.展开更多
基金Universiti Malaysia Pahang&Ministry of HigherEducation under The Fundamental Research Grant Scheme for Research Acculturation of Early CareerResearchers(FRGS-RACER)(Ref:RACER/1/2019/STG06/UMP//1)through RDU192602.
文摘Non-Newtonian is a type of fluid that does not comply with the viscosity under the Law of Newton and is being widely used in industrial applications.These include those related to chemical industries,cosmetics manufacturing,pharmaceutical field,food processing,as well as oil and gas activities.The inability of the conventional equations of Navier–Stokes to accurately depict rheological behavior for certain fluids led to an emergence study for non-Newtonian fluids’models.In line with this,a mathematical model of forced convective flow on non-Newtonian Eyring Powell fluid under temperature-dependent viscosity(TDV)circumstance is formulated.The fluid model is embedded with the Newtonian heating(NH)boundary condition as a heating circumstance and is assumed to move over a stretching sheet acting vertically.Using appropriate similarity variables,the respective model was converted into ordinary differential equations(ODE),which was later solved utilizing the Keller box approach.The present model is validated by comparing the existing output in literature at certain special limiting cases,where the validation results display a firm agreement.The current outputs for the proposed model are shown in tabular and graphical form for variation of skin friction plus Nusselt number,velocity and temperature distribution,respectively.
基金Ministry of Higher Education and Universiti Malaysia Pahang through RDU182307.
文摘The viscosity of a substance or material is intensely influenced by the temperature,especially in the field of lubricant engineering where the changeable temperature is well executed.In this paper,the problem of temperature-dependent viscosity on mixed convection flow of Eyring Powell fluid was studied together with Newtonian heating thermal boundary condition.The flow was assumed to move over a vertical stretching sheet.The model of the problem,which is in partial differential equations,was first transformed to ordinary differential equations using appropriate transformations.This approach was considered to reduce the complexity of the equations.Then,the transformed equations were solved using the Keller box method under the finite difference scheme approach.The validation process of the results was performed,and it was found to be in an excellent agreement.The results on the present computation are shown in tabular form and also graphical illustration.The major finding was observed where the skin friction and Nusselt number were boosted in the strong viscosity.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(Grant Nos.2019YFC1803500,2019YFC1803504)the Key R&D Projects of Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department(Grant Nos.2018SZ0298,2023YFS0390)+1 种基金the Bureau of Science and Technology Aba Qiang Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(Grant Nos.R22YYJSYJ0004,R23YYJSYJ0010)Southwest University of Science and Technology Doctoral Program(23zx7175)。
文摘Scale effects and evaluation models are crucial to the accuracy of landscape ecological risk evaluation.However,most studies conduct these evaluations at a single scale or with a single model,ignoring potential scale effects and changes in landscape patterns.To address this,we took the Leshan City in Sichuan Province of China as a study case.We determined that the optimal spatial granularity for the study area is 150 m by analyzing the sensitivities of eight landscape pattern indices such as landscape fragmentation,landscape spreading,and Shannon's diversity at different spatial granularities,and employing the inflection point identification method.Building on this,we constructed a landscape pattern index model(ERI model)and a landscape pattern index model coupled with the ecological process of soil erosion(SI-ERI model)by incorporating the natural geographic factors of the study area.We used the ERI and SI-ERI models to evaluate the landscape ecological risk of Leshan City across multiple scales,including ecological,administrative,and sample scales.After conducting overlay and spatial autocorrelation analyses of the multi-scale evaluation results,we determined that the administrative scale is optimal for evaluating landscape ecological risk in the study area.At this scale,we verified the accuracy and reliability of the two models'evaluation results against the actual ecological environment in typical areas within the study area.The findings indicated that the SI-ERI model provided more precise and accurate spatial characterization,effectively reflecting the actual landscape ecological risk of Leshan City.According to the SI-ERI model's evaluation results at the administrative scale,Leshan City's overall risk level is relatively low,with good ecological environmental quality.Low-risk areas constitute 56.16%and medium-low-risk areas make up 23.81%,aligning closely with the city's actual situation.This study thus offers a scientific basis and theoretical reference for managing ecological risks and planning urban development in Leshan City.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province [(2011)2089]Engineering Technology Research Center Building Fund of Guizhou Province ([2012]4006)Excellent Scientific and Educational Governor Fund of Guizhou Province ([2009]06)~~
文摘In this article, the biosynthetic pathways of storage oil accumulation in oilseed plants were briefly introduced, and the transcription factors, such as B3 do- main supeffamily genes, lecl gene, wril gene etc., and their important role in oil accumulation regulation was mainly elucidated. Overexpession of transcription factors as feasible ways of genetic manipulation to increase oJl content in oilseed crops are promising in a long-term perspective.
