An accidental discharge of nitrobenzene happened in November 2005 in the Songhua River,China.The AQUATOX model was modified and adapted to simulate the time-dependent nitrobenzene distribution in this multimedia aquat...An accidental discharge of nitrobenzene happened in November 2005 in the Songhua River,China.The AQUATOX model was modified and adapted to simulate the time-dependent nitrobenzene distribution in this multimedia aquatic system and its potential ecological impacts.Nitrobenzene concentrations in flowing water,sediment,and biota were predicted.Based on the initial concentrations of nitrobenzene observed in the field during the accidental discharge,that is,0.167-1.47 mg/L at different river segments, the predic...展开更多
Biochar application for soil and agro-environmental development has attracted great attention due to its numerous advantages:improving the soil,mitigating greenhouse gas emissions,increasing crop productivity,and augm...Biochar application for soil and agro-environmental development has attracted great attention due to its numerous advantages:improving the soil,mitigating greenhouse gas emissions,increasing crop productivity,and augmenting soil carbon storage.However,during the pyrolytic conversion of waste biomass,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),a category of toxic organic pollutants,are inescapably generated and linger on the residual solid coproduct called biochar.Therefore,it is crucial to assess the environmental persistence,bioavailability,effects of biochar-borne PAHs on plant growth and soil microbial community dynamics,food safety,and human health after application into soils.This review highlights the basic need to unravel critical mechanisms driving PAH formation in biochar and the dynamics between the sorbent(biochar)and soil microbes,along with the possible mitigation strategies.Current research gaps,including the influence of biochar application on the short and long-term fate of PAHs,as well as the proper control measures for biochar quality and associated risks,will be discussed herein.The key research findings from this script will lead to proposals in technological and quality control measures during biochar production to ensure they are clean and safe.展开更多
Veterinary antibiotics can enter the environment due to the common practice of land application of manure from treated animals.The environmental fate of tetracyclines in swine manure after composting and field applica...Veterinary antibiotics can enter the environment due to the common practice of land application of manure from treated animals.The environmental fate of tetracyclines in swine manure after composting and field application remains largely unknown.This study analyzed the concentrations of tetracyclines in manure,manure-based compost and compost amended soil in selected swine farms from Beijing,Jiaxing and Putian,China to determine the dilution effects of antibiotics when released into the soil environment.The results demonstrate that residues of antibiotics were detected in all samples and chlortetracycline as well as its degradation products should be regarded critically concerning their potential ecotoxicity.Application of manure-based compost to soil could reduce the possible risk posed by antibiotic contamination,but the trigger value of 100 μg/kg was still exceeded in soil samples （776.1 μg/kg dw） from Putian City after application of compost.Field studies such as the present one can help to improve the routine administration of antibiotic-containing composted manure.展开更多
Arsenic(As)and antimony(Sb),with analogy structure,belong to VA group in the periodic table and pose a great public concern due to their potential carcinogenicity.The speciation distribution,migration and transformati...Arsenic(As)and antimony(Sb),with analogy structure,belong to VA group in the periodic table and pose a great public concern due to their potential carcinogenicity.The speciation distribution,migration and transformation,enrichment and retention,as well as bioavailability and toxicity of As and Sb are influenced by several environmental processes on mineral surfaces,including adsorption/desorption,coordination/precipitation,and oxidation/reduction.These interfacial reactions are influenced by the crystal facet of minerals with different atomic and electronic structures.This review starts with facets and examines As and Sb adsorption and transformation on mineral facets such hematite,titanium dioxide,andmanganese dioxide.Themain focus lies on three pressing issues that limit the understanding of the environmental fate of As and Sb:the facet-dependent intricacies of adsorption and transformation,the mechanisms underlying facet-dependent phenomena,and the impact of co-existing chemicals.We first discussed As and Sb adsorption behaviors,structures,and bonding chemistry on diverse mineral facets.Subsequently,the reactivity of various mineral facets was examined,with particular emphasis placed on their significance in the context of environmental catalysis for the oxidation of As(Ⅲ)and Sb(Ⅲ).Finally,the impact of co-existing cation,anion,or organic substances on the processes of adsorption and transport of As and Sb was reviewed.This comprehensive review enhances our understanding of the facet-dependent phenomena governing adsorption,transformation,and fate of contaminants.It underscores the critical role of mineral facets in dictating environmental reactions and paves the way for future research in this intriguing field.展开更多
Copper pyrithione(CuPT)is an alternative to tributyltin that is widely used as an antifoulant and biocide in paint for ship hulls,fishing nets,and other marine environmental facilities.It gradually leaches from antifo...Copper pyrithione(CuPT)is an alternative to tributyltin that is widely used as an antifoulant and biocide in paint for ship hulls,fishing nets,and other marine environmental facilities.It gradually leaches from antifouling coatings into the aquatic environment,posing health risks to aquatic organisms.In recent years,there have been increasing concerns regarding the impacts of CuPT and its degradation products on organisms,as well as the associated health risks.Although the ecotoxicity of CuPT and its degradation products in various species has been studied,there are no comprehensive reviews in the literature that have collated and interpreted these data.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the ecotoxicological effects of CuPT and its degradation products on microorganisms,plants,invertebrates,fish,and mammals.CuPT and its degradation products can affect the light utilization of plants,thereby altering primary production in ecosystems.It can disrupt cell membranes,antioxidant capacity,and cellular pH gradients in animals,leading to developmental toxicity,deformities,morphological damages,endocrine disruption,reproductive toxicity,hepatotoxicity,and neurotoxicity.Mitochondria are believed to be the primary target of CuPT-induced toxicity in aquatic animals;however,further investigations are warranted to reveal the long-term(e.g.,multigenerational and transgenerational)impacts and associated molecular mechanisms of CuPT and its degradation products—particularly at environmentally realistic levels.This will facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the health effects(both in terms of toxicity and hormesis)and environmental risks of CuPT and its degradation products,facilitating more effective regulation and mitigation.展开更多
Volatile methylsiloxanes(VMS)are a group of synthetic chemical compounds broadly used in industrial applications and consumer products,leading to a sharply increased global emission through diverse pathways.Consequent...Volatile methylsiloxanes(VMS)are a group of synthetic chemical compounds broadly used in industrial applications and consumer products,leading to a sharply increased global emission through diverse pathways.Consequently,human exposure to VMS through inhalation or other routes poses potential health risks.To provide insights for environmental contamination by VMS and its concerning health risks,a systematic literature search was conducted in online databases,including the Web of Science,PubMed,Elsevier ScienceDirect,and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure.This review analyzed contamination levels of VMS in various environmental matrices,including air,dust,water,and soil.It further summarized health risk assessments for different external exposure pathways.The exacerbation of VMS pollution is predominantly linked to the increase in atmospheric concentrations,resulting in health risks primarily driven by inhalation exposure.Vulnerable groups require greater attention as their daily intake levels may potentially approach the reference dose,including occupational populations and children residing in areas near factories.Currently,data on long-term and simultaneous environmental monitoring of VMS remain limited.Furthermore,there is a lack of established exposure guidance values,due to insufficient toxicity data and limited risk quantification methods.Therefore,advancing monitoring technologies and networks for VMS and their transformation products is crucial.Future efforts should prioritize integrating advanced tools,such as mixture toxicity models,to achieve more accurate quantification of health risks under complex exposure scenarios.Overall,this review sheds light on developing and revising regulatory frameworks for governing the production and handling of VMS,as well as guiding the health risk assessment.展开更多
The recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have enhanced the synthesis of various forms of nanomaterials for practical applications.Undoubtedly,these nanomaterials are not without attendant toxicities to hu...The recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have enhanced the synthesis of various forms of nanomaterials for practical applications.Undoubtedly,these nanomaterials are not without attendant toxicities to humans,environment,and other organisms.Moreover,the toxicity of nanomaterials dominates the landscape of current toxicity concerns highlighted by the FDA.Titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO_(2) NPs)contribute a large proportion of synthesized nanomaterials mainly due to their excellent photocatalytic activities,mechanical and chemical stability,bio-and chemical inertness,corrosion resistance,thin film transparency,and low production cost.These fascinating properties of TiO_(2) NPs have been extensively exploited and dramatically increased their utility for various applications such as in nanomedicine for cancer theranostics,nanobiotechnology,environment,pharmacy,energy,food,cosmetics,and paper industries.Owing to the poor understanding of the impacts of NPs on humans,no clear regulation has been implemented for NPs among international authorities.Over time,the toxicity state of TiO_(2) NPs is typical of a double-edged sword.Hitherto,there is no restriction on the use of TiO_(2) NPs irrespective of the toxicity concerns raised by some researchers.This may have been dampened by the low-to-no toxicity reports from other researchers on these NPs.This review therefore looks into the recent toxicity reports from various studies conducted with/on TiO_(2) NPs as to ascertain their present-day safety.To elucidate this,we discussed the possible exposure routes to these NPs and their effects on the environment,plants,soil organisms,and aquatic species.We also provided insights on the toxicity mechanisms of TiO_(2) NPs and proposed future perspectives for improving their safe applications.展开更多
文摘An accidental discharge of nitrobenzene happened in November 2005 in the Songhua River,China.The AQUATOX model was modified and adapted to simulate the time-dependent nitrobenzene distribution in this multimedia aquatic system and its potential ecological impacts.Nitrobenzene concentrations in flowing water,sediment,and biota were predicted.Based on the initial concentrations of nitrobenzene observed in the field during the accidental discharge,that is,0.167-1.47 mg/L at different river segments, the predic...
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42007104 and 41925029).
文摘Biochar application for soil and agro-environmental development has attracted great attention due to its numerous advantages:improving the soil,mitigating greenhouse gas emissions,increasing crop productivity,and augmenting soil carbon storage.However,during the pyrolytic conversion of waste biomass,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),a category of toxic organic pollutants,are inescapably generated and linger on the residual solid coproduct called biochar.Therefore,it is crucial to assess the environmental persistence,bioavailability,effects of biochar-borne PAHs on plant growth and soil microbial community dynamics,food safety,and human health after application into soils.This review highlights the basic need to unravel critical mechanisms driving PAH formation in biochar and the dynamics between the sorbent(biochar)and soil microbes,along with the possible mitigation strategies.Current research gaps,including the influence of biochar application on the short and long-term fate of PAHs,as well as the proper control measures for biochar quality and associated risks,will be discussed herein.The key research findings from this script will lead to proposals in technological and quality control measures during biochar production to ensure they are clean and safe.
基金supported by the Major Projects of Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-YW-Q02-05)the Beijing Science and Technology Program (No. D101105046410004)
文摘Veterinary antibiotics can enter the environment due to the common practice of land application of manure from treated animals.The environmental fate of tetracyclines in swine manure after composting and field application remains largely unknown.This study analyzed the concentrations of tetracyclines in manure,manure-based compost and compost amended soil in selected swine farms from Beijing,Jiaxing and Putian,China to determine the dilution effects of antibiotics when released into the soil environment.The results demonstrate that residues of antibiotics were detected in all samples and chlortetracycline as well as its degradation products should be regarded critically concerning their potential ecotoxicity.Application of manure-based compost to soil could reduce the possible risk posed by antibiotic contamination,but the trigger value of 100 μg/kg was still exceeded in soil samples （776.1 μg/kg dw） from Putian City after application of compost.Field studies such as the present one can help to improve the routine administration of antibiotic-containing composted manure.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3703700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22376214 and 41907266).
文摘Arsenic(As)and antimony(Sb),with analogy structure,belong to VA group in the periodic table and pose a great public concern due to their potential carcinogenicity.The speciation distribution,migration and transformation,enrichment and retention,as well as bioavailability and toxicity of As and Sb are influenced by several environmental processes on mineral surfaces,including adsorption/desorption,coordination/precipitation,and oxidation/reduction.These interfacial reactions are influenced by the crystal facet of minerals with different atomic and electronic structures.This review starts with facets and examines As and Sb adsorption and transformation on mineral facets such hematite,titanium dioxide,andmanganese dioxide.Themain focus lies on three pressing issues that limit the understanding of the environmental fate of As and Sb:the facet-dependent intricacies of adsorption and transformation,the mechanisms underlying facet-dependent phenomena,and the impact of co-existing chemicals.We first discussed As and Sb adsorption behaviors,structures,and bonding chemistry on diverse mineral facets.Subsequently,the reactivity of various mineral facets was examined,with particular emphasis placed on their significance in the context of environmental catalysis for the oxidation of As(Ⅲ)and Sb(Ⅲ).Finally,the impact of co-existing cation,anion,or organic substances on the processes of adsorption and transport of As and Sb was reviewed.This comprehensive review enhances our understanding of the facet-dependent phenomena governing adsorption,transformation,and fate of contaminants.It underscores the critical role of mineral facets in dictating environmental reactions and paves the way for future research in this intriguing field.
基金supported by Shantou University STU Scientific Research Initiation Grant(NTF23010)the Program for University Innovation Team of Guangdong Province(2022KCXTD008)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2021B1212050025).
文摘Copper pyrithione(CuPT)is an alternative to tributyltin that is widely used as an antifoulant and biocide in paint for ship hulls,fishing nets,and other marine environmental facilities.It gradually leaches from antifouling coatings into the aquatic environment,posing health risks to aquatic organisms.In recent years,there have been increasing concerns regarding the impacts of CuPT and its degradation products on organisms,as well as the associated health risks.Although the ecotoxicity of CuPT and its degradation products in various species has been studied,there are no comprehensive reviews in the literature that have collated and interpreted these data.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the ecotoxicological effects of CuPT and its degradation products on microorganisms,plants,invertebrates,fish,and mammals.CuPT and its degradation products can affect the light utilization of plants,thereby altering primary production in ecosystems.It can disrupt cell membranes,antioxidant capacity,and cellular pH gradients in animals,leading to developmental toxicity,deformities,morphological damages,endocrine disruption,reproductive toxicity,hepatotoxicity,and neurotoxicity.Mitochondria are believed to be the primary target of CuPT-induced toxicity in aquatic animals;however,further investigations are warranted to reveal the long-term(e.g.,multigenerational and transgenerational)impacts and associated molecular mechanisms of CuPT and its degradation products—particularly at environmentally realistic levels.This will facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the health effects(both in terms of toxicity and hormesis)and environmental risks of CuPT and its degradation products,facilitating more effective regulation and mitigation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82241091,82273677,and 22122611).
文摘Volatile methylsiloxanes(VMS)are a group of synthetic chemical compounds broadly used in industrial applications and consumer products,leading to a sharply increased global emission through diverse pathways.Consequently,human exposure to VMS through inhalation or other routes poses potential health risks.To provide insights for environmental contamination by VMS and its concerning health risks,a systematic literature search was conducted in online databases,including the Web of Science,PubMed,Elsevier ScienceDirect,and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure.This review analyzed contamination levels of VMS in various environmental matrices,including air,dust,water,and soil.It further summarized health risk assessments for different external exposure pathways.The exacerbation of VMS pollution is predominantly linked to the increase in atmospheric concentrations,resulting in health risks primarily driven by inhalation exposure.Vulnerable groups require greater attention as their daily intake levels may potentially approach the reference dose,including occupational populations and children residing in areas near factories.Currently,data on long-term and simultaneous environmental monitoring of VMS remain limited.Furthermore,there is a lack of established exposure guidance values,due to insufficient toxicity data and limited risk quantification methods.Therefore,advancing monitoring technologies and networks for VMS and their transformation products is crucial.Future efforts should prioritize integrating advanced tools,such as mixture toxicity models,to achieve more accurate quantification of health risks under complex exposure scenarios.Overall,this review sheds light on developing and revising regulatory frameworks for governing the production and handling of VMS,as well as guiding the health risk assessment.
基金the support of National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0910601,and 2019YFA04000803)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971292,U1432114,81650410654,8161101589)+4 种基金the Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2010-735)Key Breakthrough Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KGZD-EW-T06)Special Program for Applied Research on Super Computation of the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Fund(the second phase to Aiguo Wu,U1501501)the Science&Technology Bureau of Ningbo City(2015B11002)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and The World Academy of Sciences(TWAS)for the award of the CAS-TWAS President's Fellowship(2017A8017422001)for PhD studies.
文摘The recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have enhanced the synthesis of various forms of nanomaterials for practical applications.Undoubtedly,these nanomaterials are not without attendant toxicities to humans,environment,and other organisms.Moreover,the toxicity of nanomaterials dominates the landscape of current toxicity concerns highlighted by the FDA.Titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO_(2) NPs)contribute a large proportion of synthesized nanomaterials mainly due to their excellent photocatalytic activities,mechanical and chemical stability,bio-and chemical inertness,corrosion resistance,thin film transparency,and low production cost.These fascinating properties of TiO_(2) NPs have been extensively exploited and dramatically increased their utility for various applications such as in nanomedicine for cancer theranostics,nanobiotechnology,environment,pharmacy,energy,food,cosmetics,and paper industries.Owing to the poor understanding of the impacts of NPs on humans,no clear regulation has been implemented for NPs among international authorities.Over time,the toxicity state of TiO_(2) NPs is typical of a double-edged sword.Hitherto,there is no restriction on the use of TiO_(2) NPs irrespective of the toxicity concerns raised by some researchers.This may have been dampened by the low-to-no toxicity reports from other researchers on these NPs.This review therefore looks into the recent toxicity reports from various studies conducted with/on TiO_(2) NPs as to ascertain their present-day safety.To elucidate this,we discussed the possible exposure routes to these NPs and their effects on the environment,plants,soil organisms,and aquatic species.We also provided insights on the toxicity mechanisms of TiO_(2) NPs and proposed future perspectives for improving their safe applications.
