AIM： To evaluate the association and interaction of genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHER） and cytochrome P4502E1 （CY- P4502E1）, environment risk factors with esophageal cancer （EC...AIM： To evaluate the association and interaction of genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHER） and cytochrome P4502E1 （CY- P4502E1）, environment risk factors with esophageal cancer （EC） in Kazakh, a high EC incidence area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. METHODS： A 1：2 matched case-control study was conducted with 120 cases of EC and 240 populationor hospital-based controls. The controls were matched for sex, nationality, area of residence and age within a 5-year difference. MTHER and CYP4502E1 genotypes were identified by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP）. A conditional logistic regression model was established to identify risk factors. The strata method was adopted in interaction analysis. RESULTS： Low consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits, alcohol drinking, and unsafe water （shallow well, or river） were found to be the risk factors for EC. Individuals with the MTHFR677 （C/T ＋ T/T） genotype had a 2.62-fold （95% CI： 1.61-4.28） risk of developing EC compared with those who carried the C/C genotype. Individuals with the CYP4502EIC1/C1 genotype had a 3.00-fold （95% CI： 1.82-4.96） risk compared with those who carried the CYP4502E1 （C1/C2 ＋ C2/C2） genotype. Gene-environment interaction analysis showed that MTHFR677 gene polymorphism was correlated with consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruit, while CYP4502E1 C1/C1 was correlated with alcohol drinking and unsafe drinking water. MTHFR and CYP4502E1 analysis of gene-gene interaction showed that individuals with the MTHFR677 （C/T ＋ T/T） and CYP4502EIC1/ C1 genotypes had a 7.41-fold （95% CI： 3.60-15.25） risk of developing EC compared with those who carried the MTHFR677C/C and CYP4502E1 RsaI C1/C2 ＋ C2/C2 genes, and the interaction rate was higher than that of the two factors alone. CONCLUSION： Low consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits, alcohol drinking, and unsafe water （shallow well, or river） and polymorphisms in MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes are important risk factors for EC. There is a synergistic interaction among polymorphisms in MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes and environment factors. MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes can be used as biomarkers for prevention of EC in Kazakh, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.展开更多
Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is an autoimmune disease that usually strikes early in life,but can affect individuals at almost any age.It is caused by autoreactive T cells that destroy insulin-producing beta cells in the pancre...Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is an autoimmune disease that usually strikes early in life,but can affect individuals at almost any age.It is caused by autoreactive T cells that destroy insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.Epidemiological studies estimate a prevalence of 1 in 300 children in the United States with an increasing incidence of 2%-5%annually worldwide.The daily responsibility,clinical management,and vigilance required to maintain blood sugar levels within normal range and avoid acute complications(hypoglycemic episodes and diabetic ketoacidosis)and long term micro-and macro-vascular complications significantly affects quality of life and public health care costs.Given the expansive impact of T1D,research work has accelerated and T1D has been intensively investigated with the focus to better understand,manage and cure this condition.Many advances have been made in the past decades in this regard,but key questions remain as to why certain people develop T1D,but not others,with the glaring example of discordant disease incidence among monozygotic twins.In this review,we discuss the field’s current understanding of its pathophysiology and the role of genetics and environment on the development of T1D.We examine the potential implications of these findings with an emphasis on T1D inheritance patterns,twin studies,and disease prevention.Through a better understanding of this process,interventions can be developed to prevent or halt it at early stages.展开更多
●AIM:To investigate the underlying mechanism of dry environment(autumn dryness)affecting the lacrimal glands in rats.●METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats were fed in spe...●AIM:To investigate the underlying mechanism of dry environment(autumn dryness)affecting the lacrimal glands in rats.●METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats were fed in specific pathogen free environment as the control group(n=10),and the rats fed in dry environment as the dryness group(n=10).After 24d,lacrimal glands were collected from the rats.The tissues morphology was observed by hematoxylineosin(HE)staining.Tandem mass tags(TMT)quantitative proteomics analysis technology was used to screen the differential expressed proteins of lacrimal glands between the two groups,then bioinformatics analysis was performed.Further,the immunohistochemical(IHC)method was used to verify the target proteins.●RESULTS:In dryness group,the lacrimal glands lobule atrophied,the glandular cavities enlarged,the sparse nuclear distribution and scattered inflammatory infiltration between the acinus were observed.The proteomics exhibited that a total of 195 up-regulated and 236 downregulated differential expressed proteins screened from the lacrimal glands of rats.It was indicated that the biological processes(BP)of differential expressed proteins mainly included cell processes and single BP.The cellular compositions of differential expressed proteins mainly located in cells,organelles.The molecular functions of differential expressed proteins mainly included binding,catalytic activity.Moreover,the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis showed that the differential expressed proteins mainly involved lysosome,complement and coagulation cascade,and ribosome pathway.The IHC result verified that the up-regulated expression proteins of Protein S100A9(S100A9),Annexin A1(Anxa1),and Clusterin(Clu)in lacrimal glands of rats in dryness group were higher than control group.●CONCLUSION:The up-regulated expression proteins of S100A9,Anxa1,and Clu may be the potential mechanisms of dry eye symptoms caused by dry environment.This study provides clues of dry environments causing eye-related diseases for further studies.展开更多
Diabetes,as a metabolic disorder,is accompanied with several gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,like abdominal pain,gastroparesis,diarrhoea or constipation.Serious and complex enteric nervous system damage is confirmed in t...Diabetes,as a metabolic disorder,is accompanied with several gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,like abdominal pain,gastroparesis,diarrhoea or constipation.Serious and complex enteric nervous system damage is confirmed in the background of these diabetic motility complaints.The anatomical length of the GI tract,as well as genetic,developmental,structural and functional differences between its segments contribute to the distinct,intestinal region-specific effects of hyperglycemia.These observations support and highlight the importance of a regional approach in diabetes-related enteric neuropathy.Intestinal large and microvessels are essential for the blood supply of enteric ganglia.Bidirectional morpho-functional linkage exists between enteric neurons and enteroglia,however,there is also a reciprocal communication between enteric neurons and immune cells on which intestinal microbial composition has crucial influence.From this point of view,it is more appropriate to say that enteric neurons partake in multidirectional communication and interact with these key players of the intestinal wall.These interplays may differ from segment to segment,thus,the microenvironment of enteric neurons could be considered strictly regional.The goal of this review is to summarize the main tissue components and molecular factors,such as enteric glia cells,interstitial cells of Cajal,gut vasculature,intestinal epithelium,gut microbiota,immune cells,enteroendocrine cells,prooxidants,antioxidant molecules and extracellular matrix,which create and determine a gut region-dependent neuronal environment in diabetes.展开更多
With the purpose of cultivating students' "STS" quality,multiple teaching methods were discussed,including the students-oriented teaching,group discussion,case teaching,interactive teaching,little teache...With the purpose of cultivating students' "STS" quality,multiple teaching methods were discussed,including the students-oriented teaching,group discussion,case teaching,interactive teaching,little teacher teaching,practical teaching and flexible assessment,etc.,thus the students learning initiative could be greatly stimulated,their comprehensive ability can be improved,and more excellent talents can be cultivated.展开更多
The Center for RESDS is an R&D body for comprehensive study under the joint sponsorship of the CAS Nanjing Branch,Nanjing University and Hehai University, all being research and educational institutions in the vic...The Center for RESDS is an R&D body for comprehensive study under the joint sponsorship of the CAS Nanjing Branch,Nanjing University and Hehai University, all being research and educational institutions in the vicinity of Nanjing. The Center’s headquarters are the CAS Nanjing Branch. The Center’s objective is to answer the challenge posed by the 21st century and serve the economic reconstruction across the land by marrying campuses with research institutes so that the center might grow into展开更多
A book, Environments of Gurbantünggüt Desert, written by Professor Qian Yibing et al., from Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Wu Zhaoning from Xinjiang University,...A book, Environments of Gurbantünggüt Desert, written by Professor Qian Yibing et al., from Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Wu Zhaoning from Xinjiang University, has been展开更多
Dr.George Chiou is Professor and Director of the Institute of Ocular Pharmacology and Professor of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics at Texas A&M University System Health Science Center.He has served as H...Dr.George Chiou is Professor and Director of the Institute of Ocular Pharmacology and Professor of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics at Texas A&M University System Health Science Center.He has served as Head of Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology for 27.5 years until the department was reorganized in 2006.He also is an Adjunct Professor of Surgery and Ophthalmology at Texas A&M University College of Medicine,展开更多
Published by The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc．,PO Box 23451 Beijing 100023,China Fax:+86-(0)10-85381893 E-mail:wjg@wjgnet．com http://www．wjgnet．com The World Journal of Gastroenterology Editorial Board consists of 5...Published by The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc．,PO Box 23451 Beijing 100023,China Fax:+86-(0)10-85381893 E-mail:wjg@wjgnet．com http://www．wjgnet．com The World Journal of Gastroenterology Editorial Board consists of 519 members,representing a team of worldwide experts in gastroenterology and hepatology．They are from 51 countries,including Albania(1),Algeria(1),Argentina(1),Australia(8), Austria(5),Belarus(1),Belgium(6),Brazil(1),Bulgaria(1),Canada(7),China(50),Costa Rica(1),Croatia(1),Denmark(6), Egypt(1),Finland(1),France(18),Germany(35),Greece(2),Hungary(2),Iceland(1),India(5),Iran(1),Ireland(1),Israel(2),Italy(41),Japan(132),Lithuania(1),Macedonia(1),Malaysia(3),Monaco(1),Netherlands(13),Norway(2),Pakistan(1),Philippines(1),Poland(2),Portugal(1),Russia(3),Singapore(2),Slovakia(1),South Africa(2),South Korea(6),Spain(20), Sri Lanka(1),Swaziland(1),Sweden(4),Switzerland(4),Turkey(3),United Kingdom(20),United States(90),Yugoslavia(1)． HONORARY EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Ke-Ji Chen,Professor Xiyuan Hospital,Chinese Tranditional Medicine University,Beijing 100091,China. kjchen@public．bta．net．展开更多
Communications and Transport Guizhou Province has formed a communications and transport network radiating in all directions, with Guiyang as the center, the four railways of Qiangui, Chuanqian, Guikun and Xiangqian cr...Communications and Transport Guizhou Province has formed a communications and transport network radiating in all directions, with Guiyang as the center, the four railways of Qiangui, Chuanqian, Guikun and Xiangqian crossing the entire province, with a service mileage of 1468 kin. The Guikun, Chuanqian and Xiangqian railways have realized electrification, with an opera-展开更多
Let(Z_(n))_(n)≥0be a supercritical branching process in an independent and identically distributed random environment.We establish an optimal convergence rate in the Wasserstein-1 distance for the process(Z_(n))_(n)...Let(Z_(n))_(n)≥0be a supercritical branching process in an independent and identically distributed random environment.We establish an optimal convergence rate in the Wasserstein-1 distance for the process(Z_(n))_(n)≥0,which completes a result of Grama et al.[Stochastic Process.Appl.,2017,127(4):1255–1281].Moreover,an exponential nonuniform Berry-Esseen bound is also given.At last,some applications of the main results to the confidence interval estimation for the criticality parameter and the population size Znare discussed.展开更多
程序性死亡因子-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)和细胞程序性死亡-配体1(programmed death-ligand 1,PD-L1)作为重要的免疫检查点,在肿瘤免疫治疗领域具有重要意义。目前,晚期消化系统肿瘤如胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌的治疗手段有...程序性死亡因子-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)和细胞程序性死亡-配体1(programmed death-ligand 1,PD-L1)作为重要的免疫检查点,在肿瘤免疫治疗领域具有重要意义。目前,晚期消化系统肿瘤如胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌的治疗手段有限,PD-1/PD-L1免疫检查点抑制剂作为后线的新兴治疗选择之一,仍面临有相当数量患者治疗效果不理想的情况。非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)如微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)和环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)已被证实能够影响PD-1/PD-L1的表达及功能,深入研究ncRNA对PD-1/PD-L1的作用有助于为癌症中免疫检查点抑制剂的应用提供新的思路,从而提高临床免疫治疗的有效性。本文就ncRNA干预PD-1/PD-L1调控消化系统肿瘤的研究进展进行综述。展开更多
BACKGROUND The frequent occurrence of respiratory diseases in the island reef environment of the navy severely affects the health of personnel and the combat effectiveness of the troops.Current common screening method...BACKGROUND The frequent occurrence of respiratory diseases in the island reef environment of the navy severely affects the health of personnel and the combat effectiveness of the troops.Current common screening methods can only indicate whether there is an infection with pathogenic microorganisms but not the degree of disease progression.Therefore,it is necessary to identify simple-to-operate and cost-effective methods that indicate the degree of disease progression,based on traditional screening methods.AIM To explores correlation between serum concentrations of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(NAMPT),nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyltransferase 1(NMNAT1),and the risk of upper respiratory infections in the island reef envirsonment.METHODS A total of 600 cases of upper respiratory infections among naval officers and soldiers were included.Types of infection were confirmed through sputum culture combined with multiplex polymerase chain reaction.The serum concentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1 were measured using ELISA,and infection severity was assessed using the pneumonia severity index(PSI).Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric tests and Spearman correlation analysis.RESULTS The serum concentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1 in high-risk group patients with PSI were significantly lower than those in the medium and low-risk groups(P<0.05),and the concentrations increased in a stepwise manner with disease progression.However,within the same risk group,the differences in concentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1among patients infected with different pathogens were not significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSIONConcentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1 are closely related to severity of upper respiratory infections,and theircommon regulatory mechanisms provide new directions for development of broad-spectrum anti-infectionstrategies.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30660161Prophase Basic Research Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China, No. 2005CCA03700, No. 2007CB516804+1 种基金Science and Technology Research Project of Ministry of Education of China, No. 206167Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases Program of Xinjiang, No. 200416
文摘AIM： To evaluate the association and interaction of genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHER） and cytochrome P4502E1 （CY- P4502E1）, environment risk factors with esophageal cancer （EC） in Kazakh, a high EC incidence area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. METHODS： A 1：2 matched case-control study was conducted with 120 cases of EC and 240 populationor hospital-based controls. The controls were matched for sex, nationality, area of residence and age within a 5-year difference. MTHER and CYP4502E1 genotypes were identified by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP）. A conditional logistic regression model was established to identify risk factors. The strata method was adopted in interaction analysis. RESULTS： Low consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits, alcohol drinking, and unsafe water （shallow well, or river） were found to be the risk factors for EC. Individuals with the MTHFR677 （C/T ＋ T/T） genotype had a 2.62-fold （95% CI： 1.61-4.28） risk of developing EC compared with those who carried the C/C genotype. Individuals with the CYP4502EIC1/C1 genotype had a 3.00-fold （95% CI： 1.82-4.96） risk compared with those who carried the CYP4502E1 （C1/C2 ＋ C2/C2） genotype. Gene-environment interaction analysis showed that MTHFR677 gene polymorphism was correlated with consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruit, while CYP4502E1 C1/C1 was correlated with alcohol drinking and unsafe drinking water. MTHFR and CYP4502E1 analysis of gene-gene interaction showed that individuals with the MTHFR677 （C/T ＋ T/T） and CYP4502EIC1/ C1 genotypes had a 7.41-fold （95% CI： 3.60-15.25） risk of developing EC compared with those who carried the MTHFR677C/C and CYP4502E1 RsaI C1/C2 ＋ C2/C2 genes, and the interaction rate was higher than that of the two factors alone. CONCLUSION： Low consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits, alcohol drinking, and unsafe water （shallow well, or river） and polymorphisms in MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes are important risk factors for EC. There is a synergistic interaction among polymorphisms in MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes and environment factors. MTHFR and CYP4502E1 genes can be used as biomarkers for prevention of EC in Kazakh, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
文摘Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is an autoimmune disease that usually strikes early in life,but can affect individuals at almost any age.It is caused by autoreactive T cells that destroy insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.Epidemiological studies estimate a prevalence of 1 in 300 children in the United States with an increasing incidence of 2%-5%annually worldwide.The daily responsibility,clinical management,and vigilance required to maintain blood sugar levels within normal range and avoid acute complications(hypoglycemic episodes and diabetic ketoacidosis)and long term micro-and macro-vascular complications significantly affects quality of life and public health care costs.Given the expansive impact of T1D,research work has accelerated and T1D has been intensively investigated with the focus to better understand,manage and cure this condition.Many advances have been made in the past decades in this regard,but key questions remain as to why certain people develop T1D,but not others,with the glaring example of discordant disease incidence among monozygotic twins.In this review,we discuss the field’s current understanding of its pathophysiology and the role of genetics and environment on the development of T1D.We examine the potential implications of these findings with an emphasis on T1D inheritance patterns,twin studies,and disease prevention.Through a better understanding of this process,interventions can be developed to prevent or halt it at early stages.
基金Supported by Regional Science Foundation Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82060827,No.82260891)The Key Discipline of Universities in the“14th Five-Year Plan”Autonomous Region-Traditional Chinese Medicine at Xinjiang Medical University.
文摘●AIM:To investigate the underlying mechanism of dry environment(autumn dryness)affecting the lacrimal glands in rats.●METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats were fed in specific pathogen free environment as the control group(n=10),and the rats fed in dry environment as the dryness group(n=10).After 24d,lacrimal glands were collected from the rats.The tissues morphology was observed by hematoxylineosin(HE)staining.Tandem mass tags(TMT)quantitative proteomics analysis technology was used to screen the differential expressed proteins of lacrimal glands between the two groups,then bioinformatics analysis was performed.Further,the immunohistochemical(IHC)method was used to verify the target proteins.●RESULTS:In dryness group,the lacrimal glands lobule atrophied,the glandular cavities enlarged,the sparse nuclear distribution and scattered inflammatory infiltration between the acinus were observed.The proteomics exhibited that a total of 195 up-regulated and 236 downregulated differential expressed proteins screened from the lacrimal glands of rats.It was indicated that the biological processes(BP)of differential expressed proteins mainly included cell processes and single BP.The cellular compositions of differential expressed proteins mainly located in cells,organelles.The molecular functions of differential expressed proteins mainly included binding,catalytic activity.Moreover,the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis showed that the differential expressed proteins mainly involved lysosome,complement and coagulation cascade,and ribosome pathway.The IHC result verified that the up-regulated expression proteins of Protein S100A9(S100A9),Annexin A1(Anxa1),and Clusterin(Clu)in lacrimal glands of rats in dryness group were higher than control group.●CONCLUSION:The up-regulated expression proteins of S100A9,Anxa1,and Clu may be the potential mechanisms of dry eye symptoms caused by dry environment.This study provides clues of dry environments causing eye-related diseases for further studies.
基金Hungarian NKFIH Fund Project (N.B.),No.FK131789János Bolyai Research Scholarship of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences (N.B.)+1 种基金New National Excellence Program of The Ministry for Innovation and Technology from The Source of The National Research,Development and Innovation Fund (N.B.)No.úNKP-22-5
文摘Diabetes,as a metabolic disorder,is accompanied with several gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,like abdominal pain,gastroparesis,diarrhoea or constipation.Serious and complex enteric nervous system damage is confirmed in the background of these diabetic motility complaints.The anatomical length of the GI tract,as well as genetic,developmental,structural and functional differences between its segments contribute to the distinct,intestinal region-specific effects of hyperglycemia.These observations support and highlight the importance of a regional approach in diabetes-related enteric neuropathy.Intestinal large and microvessels are essential for the blood supply of enteric ganglia.Bidirectional morpho-functional linkage exists between enteric neurons and enteroglia,however,there is also a reciprocal communication between enteric neurons and immune cells on which intestinal microbial composition has crucial influence.From this point of view,it is more appropriate to say that enteric neurons partake in multidirectional communication and interact with these key players of the intestinal wall.These interplays may differ from segment to segment,thus,the microenvironment of enteric neurons could be considered strictly regional.The goal of this review is to summarize the main tissue components and molecular factors,such as enteric glia cells,interstitial cells of Cajal,gut vasculature,intestinal epithelium,gut microbiota,immune cells,enteroendocrine cells,prooxidants,antioxidant molecules and extracellular matrix,which create and determine a gut region-dependent neuronal environment in diabetes.
基金Supported by Education Teaching Program of Southwest University(2010JY094)
文摘With the purpose of cultivating students' "STS" quality,multiple teaching methods were discussed,including the students-oriented teaching,group discussion,case teaching,interactive teaching,little teacher teaching,practical teaching and flexible assessment,etc.,thus the students learning initiative could be greatly stimulated,their comprehensive ability can be improved,and more excellent talents can be cultivated.
文摘The Center for RESDS is an R&D body for comprehensive study under the joint sponsorship of the CAS Nanjing Branch,Nanjing University and Hehai University, all being research and educational institutions in the vicinity of Nanjing. The Center’s headquarters are the CAS Nanjing Branch. The Center’s objective is to answer the challenge posed by the 21st century and serve the economic reconstruction across the land by marrying campuses with research institutes so that the center might grow into
文摘A book, Environments of Gurbantünggüt Desert, written by Professor Qian Yibing et al., from Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Wu Zhaoning from Xinjiang University, has been
文摘Dr.George Chiou is Professor and Director of the Institute of Ocular Pharmacology and Professor of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics at Texas A&M University System Health Science Center.He has served as Head of Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology for 27.5 years until the department was reorganized in 2006.He also is an Adjunct Professor of Surgery and Ophthalmology at Texas A&M University College of Medicine,
文摘Published by The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc．,PO Box 23451 Beijing 100023,China Fax:+86-(0)10-85381893 E-mail:wjg@wjgnet．com http://www．wjgnet．com The World Journal of Gastroenterology Editorial Board consists of 519 members,representing a team of worldwide experts in gastroenterology and hepatology．They are from 51 countries,including Albania(1),Algeria(1),Argentina(1),Australia(8), Austria(5),Belarus(1),Belgium(6),Brazil(1),Bulgaria(1),Canada(7),China(50),Costa Rica(1),Croatia(1),Denmark(6), Egypt(1),Finland(1),France(18),Germany(35),Greece(2),Hungary(2),Iceland(1),India(5),Iran(1),Ireland(1),Israel(2),Italy(41),Japan(132),Lithuania(1),Macedonia(1),Malaysia(3),Monaco(1),Netherlands(13),Norway(2),Pakistan(1),Philippines(1),Poland(2),Portugal(1),Russia(3),Singapore(2),Slovakia(1),South Africa(2),South Korea(6),Spain(20), Sri Lanka(1),Swaziland(1),Sweden(4),Switzerland(4),Turkey(3),United Kingdom(20),United States(90),Yugoslavia(1)． HONORARY EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Ke-Ji Chen,Professor Xiyuan Hospital,Chinese Tranditional Medicine University,Beijing 100091,China. kjchen@public．bta．net．
文摘Communications and Transport Guizhou Province has formed a communications and transport network radiating in all directions, with Guiyang as the center, the four railways of Qiangui, Chuanqian, Guikun and Xiangqian crossing the entire province, with a service mileage of 1468 kin. The Guikun, Chuanqian and Xiangqian railways have realized electrification, with an opera-
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11971063)CY Initiative of Excellence(Grant No.“Investissements d’Avenir”ANR-16-IDEX-0008)Project“EcoDep”(Grant No.PSI-AAP2020-0000000013)。
文摘Let(Z_(n))_(n)≥0be a supercritical branching process in an independent and identically distributed random environment.We establish an optimal convergence rate in the Wasserstein-1 distance for the process(Z_(n))_(n)≥0,which completes a result of Grama et al.[Stochastic Process.Appl.,2017,127(4):1255–1281].Moreover,an exponential nonuniform Berry-Esseen bound is also given.At last,some applications of the main results to the confidence interval estimation for the criticality parameter and the population size Znare discussed.
文摘BACKGROUND The frequent occurrence of respiratory diseases in the island reef environment of the navy severely affects the health of personnel and the combat effectiveness of the troops.Current common screening methods can only indicate whether there is an infection with pathogenic microorganisms but not the degree of disease progression.Therefore,it is necessary to identify simple-to-operate and cost-effective methods that indicate the degree of disease progression,based on traditional screening methods.AIM To explores correlation between serum concentrations of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(NAMPT),nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyltransferase 1(NMNAT1),and the risk of upper respiratory infections in the island reef envirsonment.METHODS A total of 600 cases of upper respiratory infections among naval officers and soldiers were included.Types of infection were confirmed through sputum culture combined with multiplex polymerase chain reaction.The serum concentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1 were measured using ELISA,and infection severity was assessed using the pneumonia severity index(PSI).Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric tests and Spearman correlation analysis.RESULTS The serum concentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1 in high-risk group patients with PSI were significantly lower than those in the medium and low-risk groups(P<0.05),and the concentrations increased in a stepwise manner with disease progression.However,within the same risk group,the differences in concentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1among patients infected with different pathogens were not significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSIONConcentrations of NAMPT and NMNAT1 are closely related to severity of upper respiratory infections,and theircommon regulatory mechanisms provide new directions for development of broad-spectrum anti-infectionstrategies.
