Objective:Entrustable professional activities(EPAs)is a newly emerging concept.This paper aims at analyzing the concept of"EPAs"to clarify the meaning and to identify its components for optimum understanding...Objective:Entrustable professional activities(EPAs)is a newly emerging concept.This paper aims at analyzing the concept of"EPAs"to clarify the meaning and to identify its components for optimum understanding of the concept for use in nursing education and future research.Method:Three databases-ProQuest,Ovid,and PubMed-were retrieved,and Walker and Avant's concept analysis approach was used to analyze the concept of EPAs.Results:Based on the analysis,three attributes of EPAs were defined,namely (1)EPAs should be restricted to a limited number of tasks;(2)reflect the experience curve;and (3)include acceptance of responsibility and accountability.The antecedent of EPAs is a holistic and integrated assessment approach.This will eventually lead to anticipated consequences such as a mastery of core competencies and an increase in the level of autonomy.Conclusion:The study may contribute to a reduction in the ambiguity of this concept to better apply it in nursing practice.展开更多
This paper makes use of statistical tools of parameter correlation, multi-parameter regression, and does experimental analysis on issues of risk diversification of portfolios entrusted by National Social Security Fund...This paper makes use of statistical tools of parameter correlation, multi-parameter regression, and does experimental analysis on issues of risk diversification of portfolios entrusted by National Social Security Fund (NSSF). The issues are industry related investment fields distribution, the trend of capitalization movement, and investment style factors in stock selection. The results show that there are risk problems with portfolios entrusted by NSSF, which include similar investment fields distribution trend, little difference among portfolios, and high risk preference degree.展开更多
临床胜任力—里程碑—置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)体系可以使得住院医师的能力得到量化。目前我国多个专科住培基地已开始尝试应用这个体系,但康复医学基地的应用还未见报道。我们在美国康复科医师EPAs的...临床胜任力—里程碑—置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)体系可以使得住院医师的能力得到量化。目前我国多个专科住培基地已开始尝试应用这个体系,但康复医学基地的应用还未见报道。我们在美国康复科医师EPAs的基础上,尝试将其与我基地原有的形成性评价体系相结合,在住院医师中开展分层分阶段的评估和教育,并比较了教改前后的住院医师成绩,发现实践部分的成绩具有显著性差异。本文详细阐述了该方法的准备和实施过程,为康复科住院医师的胜任力导向的医学教育提供了借鉴。展开更多
目的构建八年制临床医学专业学生(以下酌情简称八年制医学生)置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)框架,以解决传统的临床胜任力评价抽象、模糊的问题,并弥合胜任力导向教育与临床实践之间的差距。方法基于EPAs理论...目的构建八年制临床医学专业学生(以下酌情简称八年制医学生)置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)框架,以解决传统的临床胜任力评价抽象、模糊的问题,并弥合胜任力导向教育与临床实践之间的差距。方法基于EPAs理论模型,采用文献分析方法和德尔菲专家咨询方法确定八年制医学生EPAs框架核心指标,运用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学处理。结果选择28名临床教学专家和教学管理专家,针对八年制医学生EPAs框架各项指标进行2轮德尔菲函询。2轮专家函询的有效问卷回收率均为100.0%(28/28)。第1轮专家函询针对置信职业行为重要性和可行性评分的W值分别为0.127和0.164(均P<0.05),第2轮专家函询的置信职业行为重要性和可行性评分的W值分别为0.228和0.140(均P<0.05)。经过2轮专家函询后,初步构建了八年制医学生EPAs框架,具体包括19项指标和67个指标内涵的观测评价要点。结论本研究初步构建了八年制医学生EPAs框架,实现了临床任务与能力标准的精准映射,为八年制医学生临床能力培养提供了可量化、可追踪的评价标准,对深化医学教育改革具有参考价值。展开更多
目的:构建脊柱外科专科医师培训置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)指标框架,探索优化脊柱外科专科医师规范化培训。方法:讨论设计EPAs指标,采用德尔菲法进行2轮咨询并进行统计分析。结果:函询专家权威系数为(0.92...目的:构建脊柱外科专科医师培训置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)指标框架,探索优化脊柱外科专科医师规范化培训。方法:讨论设计EPAs指标,采用德尔菲法进行2轮咨询并进行统计分析。结果:函询专家权威系数为(0.92±0.07),2轮函询专家肯德尔协调系数分别为0.21(P<0.05)和0.49(P<0.05)。根据专家修改意见及讨论,最终形成11个EPAs条目和38个观测评价要点,确定了在不同年限的预期置信级别。结论:该研究初步构建了质量较高的脊柱外科专科医师培训EPAs及在不同年限的预期置信级别,为脊柱外科专科医师规范化培训提供了可行的评价方式。展开更多
目的本研究旨在构建助产本科毕业生置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)指标体系,为高等院校助产教育改革提供参考,为未来助产教育研究提供方法论指导。方法通过文献研究和专家小组会议,形成助产本科毕业生EPAs指...目的本研究旨在构建助产本科毕业生置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)指标体系,为高等院校助产教育改革提供参考,为未来助产教育研究提供方法论指导。方法通过文献研究和专家小组会议,形成助产本科毕业生EPAs指标体系初稿。2024年2—5月,采用德尔菲法对18名助产领域专家进行2轮专家函询,构建EPAs指标体系。结果2轮问卷的有效回收率分别为100%和94%,2轮函询的专家权威系数分别为0.876和0.882,2轮函询的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.157和0.222(P<0.001)。最终确定的EPAs指标体系包含孕前保健、孕期保健、分娩期保健、产褥期保健、新生儿保健、公共卫生保健6个一级指标,24个二级指标和75个三级指标,并确定了不同实习阶段各项指标的预期置信级别。结论构建的助产本科毕业生EPAs指标体系具有科学性、全面性、适用性,可为助产教育提供可靠依据。展开更多
In Western civilization,as exemplified by ancient Greece,the primitive imagery of plants ceased to appear in daily life.Nevertheless,in China,the primitive imagery of plants that originated and flourished in primitive...In Western civilization,as exemplified by ancient Greece,the primitive imagery of plants ceased to appear in daily life.Nevertheless,in China,the primitive imagery of plants that originated and flourished in primitive times never ceased to prevail even after entering the civilized era.Merged with rationality,it gave rise to the humanistic concepts of“inspiring imagery”(xing-xiang)and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”(ji-xiang),as represented by the depiction of plants in works like The Book of Odes and Odes of Chu.This was due to China’s unique civilization origin and early civilization development pattern.According to the concepts of“inspiring imagery”and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”that emerged in the civilized and rational era,individual emotions and independent personalities can inspire or be entrusted to imagery,while imagery represents the racial collective consciousness rooted in the long-standing tradition and imbued with religious,ethical,and political connotations in the context of kinship-based governance.As typical artistic expressions formed during China’s Axial Age,“inspiring imagery”and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”related to the depiction of plants have significantly contributed to shaping China’s distinctive aesthetic preferences,nourishing literary and artistic creations spanning over two millennia since the Qin and Han dynasties,and forging the cultural and psychological structures of the Chinese nation.展开更多
为了解置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)在药学领域的研究进展,本文检索国内外相关文献,从构建和应用两方面进行分析,旨在为我国药学教育领域开展相关研究提供参考。EPAs在药学领域中的构建与应用研究目前集中...为了解置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)在药学领域的研究进展,本文检索国内外相关文献,从构建和应用两方面进行分析,旨在为我国药学教育领域开展相关研究提供参考。EPAs在药学领域中的构建与应用研究目前集中在美国,研究对象主要是学生,我国的研究相对匮乏。未来研究可向不同岗位、不同执业环境的药师胜任力评估方向发展,增加研究的深度和广度。在我国医药卫生体制改革不断深入的背景下,需要加强本土化的实践。展开更多
文摘Objective:Entrustable professional activities(EPAs)is a newly emerging concept.This paper aims at analyzing the concept of"EPAs"to clarify the meaning and to identify its components for optimum understanding of the concept for use in nursing education and future research.Method:Three databases-ProQuest,Ovid,and PubMed-were retrieved,and Walker and Avant's concept analysis approach was used to analyze the concept of EPAs.Results:Based on the analysis,three attributes of EPAs were defined,namely (1)EPAs should be restricted to a limited number of tasks;(2)reflect the experience curve;and (3)include acceptance of responsibility and accountability.The antecedent of EPAs is a holistic and integrated assessment approach.This will eventually lead to anticipated consequences such as a mastery of core competencies and an increase in the level of autonomy.Conclusion:The study may contribute to a reduction in the ambiguity of this concept to better apply it in nursing practice.
文摘This paper makes use of statistical tools of parameter correlation, multi-parameter regression, and does experimental analysis on issues of risk diversification of portfolios entrusted by National Social Security Fund (NSSF). The issues are industry related investment fields distribution, the trend of capitalization movement, and investment style factors in stock selection. The results show that there are risk problems with portfolios entrusted by NSSF, which include similar investment fields distribution trend, little difference among portfolios, and high risk preference degree.
文摘临床胜任力—里程碑—置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)体系可以使得住院医师的能力得到量化。目前我国多个专科住培基地已开始尝试应用这个体系,但康复医学基地的应用还未见报道。我们在美国康复科医师EPAs的基础上,尝试将其与我基地原有的形成性评价体系相结合,在住院医师中开展分层分阶段的评估和教育,并比较了教改前后的住院医师成绩,发现实践部分的成绩具有显著性差异。本文详细阐述了该方法的准备和实施过程,为康复科住院医师的胜任力导向的医学教育提供了借鉴。
文摘目的构建八年制临床医学专业学生(以下酌情简称八年制医学生)置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)框架,以解决传统的临床胜任力评价抽象、模糊的问题,并弥合胜任力导向教育与临床实践之间的差距。方法基于EPAs理论模型,采用文献分析方法和德尔菲专家咨询方法确定八年制医学生EPAs框架核心指标,运用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学处理。结果选择28名临床教学专家和教学管理专家,针对八年制医学生EPAs框架各项指标进行2轮德尔菲函询。2轮专家函询的有效问卷回收率均为100.0%(28/28)。第1轮专家函询针对置信职业行为重要性和可行性评分的W值分别为0.127和0.164(均P<0.05),第2轮专家函询的置信职业行为重要性和可行性评分的W值分别为0.228和0.140(均P<0.05)。经过2轮专家函询后,初步构建了八年制医学生EPAs框架,具体包括19项指标和67个指标内涵的观测评价要点。结论本研究初步构建了八年制医学生EPAs框架,实现了临床任务与能力标准的精准映射,为八年制医学生临床能力培养提供了可量化、可追踪的评价标准,对深化医学教育改革具有参考价值。
文摘目的:构建脊柱外科专科医师培训置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)指标框架,探索优化脊柱外科专科医师规范化培训。方法:讨论设计EPAs指标,采用德尔菲法进行2轮咨询并进行统计分析。结果:函询专家权威系数为(0.92±0.07),2轮函询专家肯德尔协调系数分别为0.21(P<0.05)和0.49(P<0.05)。根据专家修改意见及讨论,最终形成11个EPAs条目和38个观测评价要点,确定了在不同年限的预期置信级别。结论:该研究初步构建了质量较高的脊柱外科专科医师培训EPAs及在不同年限的预期置信级别,为脊柱外科专科医师规范化培训提供了可行的评价方式。
文摘目的本研究旨在构建助产本科毕业生置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)指标体系,为高等院校助产教育改革提供参考,为未来助产教育研究提供方法论指导。方法通过文献研究和专家小组会议,形成助产本科毕业生EPAs指标体系初稿。2024年2—5月,采用德尔菲法对18名助产领域专家进行2轮专家函询,构建EPAs指标体系。结果2轮问卷的有效回收率分别为100%和94%,2轮函询的专家权威系数分别为0.876和0.882,2轮函询的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.157和0.222(P<0.001)。最终确定的EPAs指标体系包含孕前保健、孕期保健、分娩期保健、产褥期保健、新生儿保健、公共卫生保健6个一级指标,24个二级指标和75个三级指标,并确定了不同实习阶段各项指标的预期置信级别。结论构建的助产本科毕业生EPAs指标体系具有科学性、全面性、适用性,可为助产教育提供可靠依据。
文摘In Western civilization,as exemplified by ancient Greece,the primitive imagery of plants ceased to appear in daily life.Nevertheless,in China,the primitive imagery of plants that originated and flourished in primitive times never ceased to prevail even after entering the civilized era.Merged with rationality,it gave rise to the humanistic concepts of“inspiring imagery”(xing-xiang)and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”(ji-xiang),as represented by the depiction of plants in works like The Book of Odes and Odes of Chu.This was due to China’s unique civilization origin and early civilization development pattern.According to the concepts of“inspiring imagery”and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”that emerged in the civilized and rational era,individual emotions and independent personalities can inspire or be entrusted to imagery,while imagery represents the racial collective consciousness rooted in the long-standing tradition and imbued with religious,ethical,and political connotations in the context of kinship-based governance.As typical artistic expressions formed during China’s Axial Age,“inspiring imagery”and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”related to the depiction of plants have significantly contributed to shaping China’s distinctive aesthetic preferences,nourishing literary and artistic creations spanning over two millennia since the Qin and Han dynasties,and forging the cultural and psychological structures of the Chinese nation.
文摘为了解置信职业行为(entrustable professional activities,EPAs)在药学领域的研究进展,本文检索国内外相关文献,从构建和应用两方面进行分析,旨在为我国药学教育领域开展相关研究提供参考。EPAs在药学领域中的构建与应用研究目前集中在美国,研究对象主要是学生,我国的研究相对匮乏。未来研究可向不同岗位、不同执业环境的药师胜任力评估方向发展,增加研究的深度和广度。在我国医药卫生体制改革不断深入的背景下,需要加强本土化的实践。
