Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that is generally considered to be functional because there appears to be no associated anatomical defect. Stress and psychological factors are thoug...Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that is generally considered to be functional because there appears to be no associated anatomical defect. Stress and psychological factors are thought to play an important role in IBS. The gut neuroendocrine system(NES),which regulates all functions of the gastrointestinal tract,consists of endocrine cells that are scattered among the epithelial cells of the mucosa,and the enteric nervous system. Although it is capable of operating independently from the central nervous system(CNS),the gut NES is connected to and modulated by the CNS. This review presents evidence for the presence of an anatomical defect in IBS patients,namely in the gastrointestinal endocrine cells. These cells have specialized microvilli that project into the lumen and function as sensors for the luminal content and respond to luminal stimuli by releasing hormones into the lamina propria,which starts a chain reaction that progresses throughout the entire NES. The changes in the gastrointestinal endocrine cells observed in IBS patients are highly consistent with the other abnormalities reported in IBS patients,such as visceral hypersensitivity,dysmotility,and abnormal secretion.展开更多
目的采用Meta分析方法评价双歧杆菌三联活菌制剂治疗轮状病毒肠炎的临床疗效。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pubmed、Embase和Web of Science数据库,检索时限均从建库至2015年12月,收集国内外应用双歧杆菌三联活菌制剂治疗轮状...目的采用Meta分析方法评价双歧杆菌三联活菌制剂治疗轮状病毒肠炎的临床疗效。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pubmed、Embase和Web of Science数据库,检索时限均从建库至2015年12月,收集国内外应用双歧杆菌三联活菌制剂治疗轮状病毒肠炎的所有随机对照试验(RCT)和前瞻性非随机对照试验(non-RCT)。按照纳入与排除标准选择文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用Cochrane协作网提供的Rev Man 5.2软件于2016-02-05进行Meta分析。结果检索文献无RCT研究,纳入21篇包含23个前瞻性non-RCT研究文献,合计3388例患儿,其中治疗组(对照组常规治疗+双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊或散剂)1804例,对照组1584例。Meta分析结果显示:治疗组有效率高于对照组[OR=4.59,95%CI(3.69,5.70),P<0.01];治疗组止泻所用时间少于对照组[平均差(MD)=-1.39,95%CI(-2.24,-0.53),P=0.001];治疗组总治疗时间少于对照组[MD=-1.32,95%CI(-2.19,-0.45),P=0.003]。结论 Meta分析评价现有文献认为,双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊或散剂与常规治疗措施联用可提高轮状病毒肠炎的总体疗效,并有效缩短止泻时间和总治疗时间。展开更多
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that is generally considered to be functional because there appears to be no associated anatomical defect. Stress and psychological factors are thought to play an important role in IBS. The gut neuroendocrine system(NES),which regulates all functions of the gastrointestinal tract,consists of endocrine cells that are scattered among the epithelial cells of the mucosa,and the enteric nervous system. Although it is capable of operating independently from the central nervous system(CNS),the gut NES is connected to and modulated by the CNS. This review presents evidence for the presence of an anatomical defect in IBS patients,namely in the gastrointestinal endocrine cells. These cells have specialized microvilli that project into the lumen and function as sensors for the luminal content and respond to luminal stimuli by releasing hormones into the lamina propria,which starts a chain reaction that progresses throughout the entire NES. The changes in the gastrointestinal endocrine cells observed in IBS patients are highly consistent with the other abnormalities reported in IBS patients,such as visceral hypersensitivity,dysmotility,and abnormal secretion.
文摘目的采用Meta分析方法评价双歧杆菌三联活菌制剂治疗轮状病毒肠炎的临床疗效。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pubmed、Embase和Web of Science数据库,检索时限均从建库至2015年12月,收集国内外应用双歧杆菌三联活菌制剂治疗轮状病毒肠炎的所有随机对照试验(RCT)和前瞻性非随机对照试验(non-RCT)。按照纳入与排除标准选择文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用Cochrane协作网提供的Rev Man 5.2软件于2016-02-05进行Meta分析。结果检索文献无RCT研究,纳入21篇包含23个前瞻性non-RCT研究文献,合计3388例患儿,其中治疗组(对照组常规治疗+双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊或散剂)1804例,对照组1584例。Meta分析结果显示:治疗组有效率高于对照组[OR=4.59,95%CI(3.69,5.70),P<0.01];治疗组止泻所用时间少于对照组[平均差(MD)=-1.39,95%CI(-2.24,-0.53),P=0.001];治疗组总治疗时间少于对照组[MD=-1.32,95%CI(-2.19,-0.45),P=0.003]。结论 Meta分析评价现有文献认为,双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊或散剂与常规治疗措施联用可提高轮状病毒肠炎的总体疗效,并有效缩短止泻时间和总治疗时间。
