Enset fiber is a promising feedstock for biofuel production with the potential to reduce carbon emissions and improve the sustainability of the energy system.This study aimed to maximize hydrogen and butanol productio...Enset fiber is a promising feedstock for biofuel production with the potential to reduce carbon emissions and improve the sustainability of the energy system.This study aimed to maximize hydrogen and butanol production from Enset fiber through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation(SSF)process in bottles as well as in bioreactor.The SSF process in bottles resulted in a higher butanol concentration of 11.36 g/L with a yield of 0.23 g/g and a productivity of 0.16 g/(L h)at the optimal process parameters of 5%(w/v)substrate loading,16 FPU/g cellulase loading,and 100 rpm agitation speed from pretreated Enset fiber.Moreover,a comparable result to the bottle experiment was observed in the bioreactor with pH-uncontrolled SSF process,although with a decreased in butanol productivity to 0.095 g/(L h).However,using the pre-hydrolysis simultaneous saccharification and fermentation(PSSF)process in the bioreactor with a 7%(w/v)substrate loading led to the highest butanol concentration of 12.84 g/L with a productivity of 0.104 g/(L h).Furthermore,optimizing the SSF process parameters to favor hydrogen resulted in an increased hydrogen yield of 198.27 mL/g-Enset fiber at atmospheric pressure,an initial pH of 8.0,and 37°C.In general,stirring the SSF process to shift the product ratio to either hydrogen or butanol was possible by adjusting temperature and pressure.At 37°C and atmospheric pressure,the process resulted in an e-mol yield of 12%for hydrogen and 38%for butanol.Alternatively,at 30°C and 0.55 bar overpressure,the process achieved a yield of 6%e-mol of hydrogen and 48%e-mol of butanol.This is the first study to produce hydrogen and butanol from Enset fiber using the SSF process and contributes to the development of a circular bioeconomy.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to establish a TLC identification method for Ensete wilsonii.[Methods]Usingβ-sitosterol as the reference,the effects of preparation methods of test solutions,developing solvents,developing d...[Objectives]The paper was to establish a TLC identification method for Ensete wilsonii.[Methods]Usingβ-sitosterol as the reference,the effects of preparation methods of test solutions,developing solvents,developing distances and color developing agents on TLC analysis were investigated,and the best TLC conditions for E.wilsonii were determined.[Results]The test solution prepared with 90%methanol solvent was dotted on TLC silica gel G plate,and developed with dichloromethane-toluene-methanol=10:5:1.5 as the developing solvent.Then the plate was sprayed with 10%sulfuric acid ethanol solution,and dried with hot blast for color development.Finally,the plate was examined under an ultraviolet lamp at 365 nm.The TLC results of E.wilsonii obtained showed good separation and color development effect,and the spots were clear and characteristic.[Conclusions]This method is safe,specific,and easy to operate,and can be used as a TLC identification method for E.wilsonii.展开更多
Enset bacterial wilt (EXW) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum is the major constraint in enset-based farming system. The opportunity to provide integrated EXW management options has opened a new vista and...Enset bacterial wilt (EXW) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum is the major constraint in enset-based farming system. The opportunity to provide integrated EXW management options has opened a new vista and is enhanced by well-informed communities who are aware of the management approach available to them. We hypothesized that differential success in EXW control is mainly due to approach used in the EXW control. It is the responsibility of the research institute to adequately inform these communities via a combination of community mobilization and awareness creation. This paper therefore assessed the importance of stake holders’ mobilization and awareness creation for the promotion of technologies for EXW control in Ethiopia among 2010-2012. Individual interviews and direct on-farm participatory monitoring and observation with 60 farm households, key informant interviews, relevant secondary data, literature and inter-personal data were collected from unpublished progress report from National Enset Research Project, elderly people and senior experts. Results showed that about 25.6% of farmers’ field was infected by the disease in 2007 and the level reached 54.5% in 2010. End line assessment has shown that the disease prevalence declined to 10 percent in 2013. Disease incidence has shown that the intensity was highest in 2010;that is on average more than 17 enset were infected by the disease and shown significant decline in 2013 to about 1 infected enset on the infected fields. The intervention brought about promising step-ups in controlling the devastation by EXW. This intervention demonstrated that the disease impact can be minimized to a significant level if community mobilization and awareness creation with other local formal and informal institutions go hand in hand to out scale the experience to a wider range of enset farming communities.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the antioxidant, anti-a-glucosidase and pancreatic b-cell protective potential of Ensete superbum(E. superbum) seeds.Methods: A variety of in vitro assays including radical scavenging, reduci...Objective: To investigate the antioxidant, anti-a-glucosidase and pancreatic b-cell protective potential of Ensete superbum(E. superbum) seeds.Methods: A variety of in vitro assays including radical scavenging, reducing power potential, phenolic content determination, a-glucosidase assay and pancreatic b-cell(1.4E7 cells) viability were employed for assessing the effect of methanolic extract of E. superbum seeds.Results: The radical scavenging and reducing power effects comparable with the standard rutin were obtained while the enzyme inhibitory activity of the extract was 68-fold better than the standard antidiabetic drug, acarbose. The seed extract of E. superbum was packed-full of polyphenols with mean percentage gallic acid equivalent value of(38.2 ± 1.8)(n = 3). The protection of pancreatic cells from massive onslaught of hydrogen peroxide was far superior to that obtained for rutin.Conclusions: The reputed antidiabetic therapeutic uses of the seeds extract of E. superbum may be justified on the basis of inhibition of carbohydrate enzymes, antioxidant effects and pancreatic b-cell protection.展开更多
基金Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEALfunded by the DAAD-EECBP Homegrown Ph.D.Scholarship Program 2019,and the APC was funded by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Publication Fund.
文摘Enset fiber is a promising feedstock for biofuel production with the potential to reduce carbon emissions and improve the sustainability of the energy system.This study aimed to maximize hydrogen and butanol production from Enset fiber through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation(SSF)process in bottles as well as in bioreactor.The SSF process in bottles resulted in a higher butanol concentration of 11.36 g/L with a yield of 0.23 g/g and a productivity of 0.16 g/(L h)at the optimal process parameters of 5%(w/v)substrate loading,16 FPU/g cellulase loading,and 100 rpm agitation speed from pretreated Enset fiber.Moreover,a comparable result to the bottle experiment was observed in the bioreactor with pH-uncontrolled SSF process,although with a decreased in butanol productivity to 0.095 g/(L h).However,using the pre-hydrolysis simultaneous saccharification and fermentation(PSSF)process in the bioreactor with a 7%(w/v)substrate loading led to the highest butanol concentration of 12.84 g/L with a productivity of 0.104 g/(L h).Furthermore,optimizing the SSF process parameters to favor hydrogen resulted in an increased hydrogen yield of 198.27 mL/g-Enset fiber at atmospheric pressure,an initial pH of 8.0,and 37°C.In general,stirring the SSF process to shift the product ratio to either hydrogen or butanol was possible by adjusting temperature and pressure.At 37°C and atmospheric pressure,the process resulted in an e-mol yield of 12%for hydrogen and 38%for butanol.Alternatively,at 30°C and 0.55 bar overpressure,the process achieved a yield of 6%e-mol of hydrogen and 48%e-mol of butanol.This is the first study to produce hydrogen and butanol from Enset fiber using the SSF process and contributes to the development of a circular bioeconomy.
基金Supported by Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education of GXUCM(YCSY2022012)High-level Innovation Team and Outstanding Scholars Program of Universities and Colleges in Guangxi(GJR[2014]07)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica(20-065-38).
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to establish a TLC identification method for Ensete wilsonii.[Methods]Usingβ-sitosterol as the reference,the effects of preparation methods of test solutions,developing solvents,developing distances and color developing agents on TLC analysis were investigated,and the best TLC conditions for E.wilsonii were determined.[Results]The test solution prepared with 90%methanol solvent was dotted on TLC silica gel G plate,and developed with dichloromethane-toluene-methanol=10:5:1.5 as the developing solvent.Then the plate was sprayed with 10%sulfuric acid ethanol solution,and dried with hot blast for color development.Finally,the plate was examined under an ultraviolet lamp at 365 nm.The TLC results of E.wilsonii obtained showed good separation and color development effect,and the spots were clear and characteristic.[Conclusions]This method is safe,specific,and easy to operate,and can be used as a TLC identification method for E.wilsonii.
文摘Enset bacterial wilt (EXW) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum is the major constraint in enset-based farming system. The opportunity to provide integrated EXW management options has opened a new vista and is enhanced by well-informed communities who are aware of the management approach available to them. We hypothesized that differential success in EXW control is mainly due to approach used in the EXW control. It is the responsibility of the research institute to adequately inform these communities via a combination of community mobilization and awareness creation. This paper therefore assessed the importance of stake holders’ mobilization and awareness creation for the promotion of technologies for EXW control in Ethiopia among 2010-2012. Individual interviews and direct on-farm participatory monitoring and observation with 60 farm households, key informant interviews, relevant secondary data, literature and inter-personal data were collected from unpublished progress report from National Enset Research Project, elderly people and senior experts. Results showed that about 25.6% of farmers’ field was infected by the disease in 2007 and the level reached 54.5% in 2010. End line assessment has shown that the disease prevalence declined to 10 percent in 2013. Disease incidence has shown that the intensity was highest in 2010;that is on average more than 17 enset were infected by the disease and shown significant decline in 2013 to about 1 infected enset on the infected fields. The intervention brought about promising step-ups in controlling the devastation by EXW. This intervention demonstrated that the disease impact can be minimized to a significant level if community mobilization and awareness creation with other local formal and informal institutions go hand in hand to out scale the experience to a wider range of enset farming communities.
基金Supported by a local grant from the University of Greenwich(GRE Mini-Proof-of-Concept No.HEIF-Po C-SCI-02/13)
文摘Objective: To investigate the antioxidant, anti-a-glucosidase and pancreatic b-cell protective potential of Ensete superbum(E. superbum) seeds.Methods: A variety of in vitro assays including radical scavenging, reducing power potential, phenolic content determination, a-glucosidase assay and pancreatic b-cell(1.4E7 cells) viability were employed for assessing the effect of methanolic extract of E. superbum seeds.Results: The radical scavenging and reducing power effects comparable with the standard rutin were obtained while the enzyme inhibitory activity of the extract was 68-fold better than the standard antidiabetic drug, acarbose. The seed extract of E. superbum was packed-full of polyphenols with mean percentage gallic acid equivalent value of(38.2 ± 1.8)(n = 3). The protection of pancreatic cells from massive onslaught of hydrogen peroxide was far superior to that obtained for rutin.Conclusions: The reputed antidiabetic therapeutic uses of the seeds extract of E. superbum may be justified on the basis of inhibition of carbohydrate enzymes, antioxidant effects and pancreatic b-cell protection.
基金This study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2007CB-411600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30670160).
