Mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)plays a crucial role in the function of cells and organelles,involving various cellular physiological processes,including energy production,formation of reactive oxygen species(ROS...Mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)plays a crucial role in the function of cells and organelles,involving various cellular physiological processes,including energy production,formation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),unfolded protein stress,and cell survival.Currently,there is a lack of genetically encoded fluorescence indicators(GEVIs)for MMP.In our screening of various GEVIs for their potential monitoring MMP,the Accelerated Sensor of Action Potentials(ASAP)demonstrated optimal performance in targeting mitochondria and sensitivity to depolarization in multiple cell types.However,mitochondrial ASAPs also displayed sensitivity to ROS in cardiomyocytes.Therefore,two ASAP mutants resistant to ROS were generated.A double mutant ASAP3-ST exhibited the highest voltage sensitivity but weaker fluorescence.Overall,four GEVIs capable of targeting mitochondria were obtained and named mitochondrial potential indicators 1-4(MPI-1-4).In vivo,fiber photometry experiments utilizing MPI-2 revealed a mitochondrial depolarization during isoflurane-induced narcosis in the M2 cortex.展开更多
The brain has very high energy requirements and consumes 20% of the oxygen and 25% of the glucose in the human body. Therefore, the molecular mechanism under- lying how the brain metabolizes substances to support neur...The brain has very high energy requirements and consumes 20% of the oxygen and 25% of the glucose in the human body. Therefore, the molecular mechanism under- lying how the brain metabolizes substances to support neural activity is a fundamental issue for neuroscience studies. A well-known model in the brain, the astrocyte- neuron lactate shuttle, postulates that glucose uptake and glycolytic activity are enhanced in astrocytes upon neu- ronal activation and that astrocytes transport lactate into neurons to fulfill their energy requirements. Current evidence for this hypothesis has yet to reach a clear consensus, and new concepts beyond the shuttle hypothesis are emerging. The discrepancy is largely attributed to the lack of a critical method for real-time monitoring of metabolic dynamics at cellular resolution. Recent advances in fluorescent protein-based sensors allow the generation of a sensitive, specific, real-time readout of subcellular metabolites and fill the current technological gap. Here,we summarize the development of genetically encoded metabolite sensors and their applications in assessing cell metabolism in living cells and in vivo, and we believe that these tools will help to address the issue of elucidating neural energy metabolism.展开更多
With the development of automation in smart grids,network reconfiguration is becoming a feasible approach for improving the operation of distribution systems.A novel reconfiguration strategy was presented to get the o...With the development of automation in smart grids,network reconfiguration is becoming a feasible approach for improving the operation of distribution systems.A novel reconfiguration strategy was presented to get the optimal configuration of improving economy of the system,and then identifying the important nodes.In this strategy,the objectives increase the node importance degree and decrease the active power loss subjected to operational constraints.A compound objective function with weight coefficients is formulated to balance the conflict of the objectives.Then a novel quantum particle swarm optimization based on loop switches hierarchical encoded was employed to address the compound objective reconfiguration problem.Its main contribution is the presentation of the hierarchical encoded scheme which is used to generate the population swarm particles of representing only radial connected solutions.Because the candidate solutions are feasible,the search efficiency would improve dramatically during the optimization process without tedious topology verification.To validate the proposed strategy,simulations are carried out on the test systems.The results are compared with other techniques in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.展开更多
Dear Editor,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV,also termed human herpesvirus-4)was the first identified human tumor virus.Since its discovery in 1964,studies have shown that EBV infects over 90%of all people by the time they are ...Dear Editor,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV,also termed human herpesvirus-4)was the first identified human tumor virus.Since its discovery in 1964,studies have shown that EBV infects over 90%of all people by the time they are adults(Williams and Crawford 2006).EBV infection can result in mucocutaneous and systemic diseases,ranging from selflimited illnesses to aggressive malignancies,including B cell Hodgkin lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.In vitro,EBV transforms resting B cells into proliferating blast cells(Pope et al.1968).展开更多
Synthesis of macromolecular systems with precise structural and functional control constitutes a fundamental challenge for materials science and engineering. Development of the ability to construct complex bio-macromo...Synthesis of macromolecular systems with precise structural and functional control constitutes a fundamental challenge for materials science and engineering. Development of the ability to construct complex bio-macromolecular architectures provides a solution to this challenge. The past few years have witnessed the emergence of a new category of peptide-protein chemistry which can covalently stitch together protein]peptide molecules with high specificity under mild physiological conditions. It has thus inspired the concept of genetically encoded click chemistry （GECC）. As a prototype of GECC, SpyTag/ SpyCatcher chemistry has enabled the precise synthesis ofmacromolecules both in vitro and in vivo, exerting precise control over the fundamental properties of these macromolecules including length, sequence, stereochemistry and topology and leading to the creation of diverse biomaterials for a variety of applications. We thus anticipate a potential toolbox of GECC comprising multiple mutually orthogonal, covalent-bond forming peptide-protein reactive pairs with diverse features, which shall bridge synthetic biology and materials science and open up enormous opportunities for biomaterialsin the future.展开更多
Introduction Post-translational modifications of core histones have emerged as a critical player in dynamical regulation of gene expression and accurate chromatin structures<sup>[1-2]</sup>.In recent years...Introduction Post-translational modifications of core histones have emerged as a critical player in dynamical regulation of gene expression and accurate chromatin structures<sup>[1-2]</sup>.In recent years it has been demonstrated that,histone lysine methylation is particularly prominent as one of the most important epigenetic modifications during cell cycles,development and differentiation,and in response to external stimuli,e.g.exogenous growth factors and mechanical stimulation.This epigenetic modification may also be an early event that regulates the gene expression dur-展开更多
Recombinant vaccinia virus has many advantagesover more restricted vectors like retrovirus andadenovirus. The proven safety of vaccinia virus, which isrestricted to local and transitory infection, favors clinicalappli...Recombinant vaccinia virus has many advantagesover more restricted vectors like retrovirus andadenovirus. The proven safety of vaccinia virus, which isrestricted to local and transitory infection, favors clinicalapplication of vaccinia virus to deliver cytokines locally.展开更多
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)has been successfully applied to detect various biomolecules,but it is still in challenge to assay living cells or bacteria sensitively,selectively and quantitatively in comple...Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)has been successfully applied to detect various biomolecules,but it is still in challenge to assay living cells or bacteria sensitively,selectively and quantitatively in complex environments.In this paper,4-ATP and DTNB are assembled on Ag nanoparticle(NP)-decorated poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid)(PSA)nanospheres and then sealed by silica shells to form sensitive SERS labels based on the localized surface plasmon resonance of Ag NPs and large light scattering cross-sections of PSA nanospheres.They are further developed as encoding tags for dual detection of S.aureus and E.coli after assembling corresponding aptamers,which demonstrate ultralow detection limits of 8 cell L-1 for S.aureus and 2 cell L-1 for E.coli.Such a bioassay indicates a point-of-care strategy of ultrasensitively biomedical detections by encoding specific SERS tags.展开更多
In order to achieve the goal that unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)automatically positioning during power inspection,a visual positioning method which utilizes encoded sign as cooperative target is proposed.Firstly,we disc...In order to achieve the goal that unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)automatically positioning during power inspection,a visual positioning method which utilizes encoded sign as cooperative target is proposed.Firstly,we discuss how to design the encoded sign and propose a robust decoding algorithm based on contour.Secondly,the Adaboost algorithm is used to train a classifier which can detect the encoded sign from image.Lastly,the position of UAV can be calculated by using the projective relation between the object points and their corresponding image points.Experiment includes two parts.First,simulated video data is used to verify the feasibility of the proposed method,and the results show that the average absolute error in each direction is below 0.02 m.Second,a video,acquired from an actual UAV flight,is used to calculate the position of UAV.The results show that the calculated trajectory is consistent with the actual flight path.The method runs at a speed of 0.153 sper frame.展开更多
New initiatives put forward by clinical diagnosis require the development of technologies for high throughput screening(HTS) of multiple analytes. Suspension arrays have great advantages over the planar arraybased mul...New initiatives put forward by clinical diagnosis require the development of technologies for high throughput screening(HTS) of multiple analytes. Suspension arrays have great advantages over the planar arraybased multiplexing assays, and the encoded bead is the key for providing multiplexing capability. Among various encoding strategies, optically encoded microspheres have been widely used while the number of codes is still limited. This review discusses the progress of optical encoding strategy from mainly three aspects, namely organic dyes, quantum dots(QDs) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) active substrates. Emphases are put up on describing how these optical encoded microbeads are manufactured and the merits and demerits of different encoding materials are compared.展开更多
A synthetic polypeptide, pt27, which is encoded by a cDNA clone with antloncogene activity, p14-6, is found to be able to reduce remarkably the soft agar colony formation ability of part of DT cells and to raise their...A synthetic polypeptide, pt27, which is encoded by a cDNA clone with antloncogene activity, p14-6, is found to be able to reduce remarkably the soft agar colony formation ability of part of DT cells and to raise their resistance to the ouabaln toxtcity. This shows that the pt27 peptide can affect the DT cells In a manner similar to the p14- 6 done and provides evidence that the reverting action of the p14-6 to DT cells may be exerted by the expression of its cDNA.展开更多
Fluorescently encoded microbeads are in demand for multiplexed applications in different fields.Compared to organic dye-based commercially available Luminex's x MAP technology, upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) ar...Fluorescently encoded microbeads are in demand for multiplexed applications in different fields.Compared to organic dye-based commercially available Luminex's x MAP technology, upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) are better alternatives due to their large antiStokes shift, photostability, nil background, and single wavelength excitation. Here, we developed a new multiplexed detection system using UCNPs for encoding poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate(PEGDA) microbeads as well as for labeling reporter antibody. However, to prepare UCNPs-encoded microbeads, currently used swellingbased encapsulation leads to non-uniformity, which is undesirable for fluorescence-based multiplexing. Hence,we utilized droplet microfluidics to obtain encoded microbeads of uniform size, shape, and UCNPs distribution inside. Additionally, PEGDA microbeads lack functionality for probe antibodies conjugation on their surface.Methods to functionalize the surface of PEGDA microbeads(acrylic acid incorporation, polydopamine coating)reported thus far quench the fluorescence of UCNPs. Here,PEGDA microbeads surface was coated with silica followed by carboxyl modification without compromising the fluorescence intensity of UCNPs. In this study, droplet microfluidics-assisted UCNPs-encoded microbeads of uniform shape, size, and fluorescence were prepared.Multiple color codes were generated by mixing UCNPs emitting red and green colors at different ratios prior to encapsulation. UCNPs emitting blue color were used to label the reporter antibody. Probe antibodies were covalently immobilized on red UCNPs-encoded microbeads for specific capture of human serum albumin(HSA) as a model protein. The system was also demonstrated for multiplexed detection of both human C-reactive protein(hCRP) and HSA protein by immobilizing anti-h CRP antibodies on green UCNPs.展开更多
In many ultrafast imaging applications, the reduced field-of-view（r FOV） technique is often used to enhance the spatial resolution and field inhomogeneity immunity of the images. The stationary-phase characteristic ...In many ultrafast imaging applications, the reduced field-of-view（r FOV） technique is often used to enhance the spatial resolution and field inhomogeneity immunity of the images. The stationary-phase characteristic of the spatiotemporallyencoded（SPEN） method offers an inherent applicability to r FOV imaging. In this study, a flexible r FOV imaging method is presented and the superiority of the SPEN approach in r FOV imaging is demonstrated. The proposed method is validated with phantom and in vivo rat experiments, including cardiac imaging and contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging. For comparison, the echo planar imaging（EPI） experiments with orthogonal RF excitation are also performed. The results show that the signal-to-noise ratios of the images acquired by the proposed method can be higher than those obtained with the r FOV EPI. Moreover, the proposed method shows better performance in the cardiac imaging and perfusion imaging of rat kidney, and it can scan one or more regions of interest（ROIs） with high spatial resolution in a single shot. It might be a favorable solution to ultrafast imaging applications in cases with severe susceptibility heterogeneities, such as cardiac imaging and perfusion imaging. Furthermore, it might be promising in applications with separate ROIs, such as mammary and limb imaging.展开更多
DSP operation in a Biomedical related therapeutic hardware need to beperformed with high accuracy and with high speed. Portable DSP hardware’s likepulse/heart beat detectors must perform with reduced operational powe...DSP operation in a Biomedical related therapeutic hardware need to beperformed with high accuracy and with high speed. Portable DSP hardware’s likepulse/heart beat detectors must perform with reduced operational power due to lack ofconventional power sources. This work proposes a hybrid biomedical hardware chip inwhich the speed and power utilization factors are greatly improved. Multipliers are thecore operational unit of any DSP SoC. This work proposes a LUT based unsignedmultiplication which is proven to be efficient in terms of high operating speed. For n bitinput multiplication n*n memory array of 2 n bit size is required to memorize all thepossible input and output combination. Various literature works claims to be achieve highspeed multiplication with reduced LUT size by integrating a barrel shifter mechanism.This paper work address this problem, by reworking the multiplier architecture with aparallel operating pre-processing unit which used to change the multiplier and multiplicandorder with respect to the number of computational addition and subtraction stages required.Along with LUT multiplier a low power bus encoding scheme is integrated to limit the powerconstraint of the on chip DSP unit. This paper address both the speed and power optimizationtechniques and tested with various FPGA device families.展开更多
To enhance the optimization ability of particle swarm algorithm, a novel quantum-inspired particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. In this method, the particles are encoded by the probability amplitudes of t...To enhance the optimization ability of particle swarm algorithm, a novel quantum-inspired particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. In this method, the particles are encoded by the probability amplitudes of the basic states of the multi-qubits system. The rotation angles of multi-qubits are determined based on the local optimum particle and the global optimal particle, and the multi-qubits rotation gates are employed to update the particles. At each of iteration, updating any qubit can lead to updating all probability amplitudes of the corresponding particle. The experimental results of some benchmark functions optimization show that, although its single step iteration consumes long time, the optimization ability of the proposed method is significantly higher than other similar algorithms.展开更多
Large-scale quantum networks require dynamic and resource-efficient solutions to reduce system complexity with maintained security and performance to support growing number of users over large distances.Current encodi...Large-scale quantum networks require dynamic and resource-efficient solutions to reduce system complexity with maintained security and performance to support growing number of users over large distances.Current encoding schemes including time-bin,polarization,and orbital angular momentum,suffer from the lack of reconfigurability and thus scalability issues.Here,we demonstrate the first-time implementation of frequency-bin-encoded entanglement-based quantum key distribution and a reconfigurable distribution of entanglement using frequency-bin encoding.Specifically,we demonstrate a novel scalable frequency-bin basis analyzer module that allows for a passive random basis selection as a crucial step in quantum protocols,and importantly equips each user with a single detector rather than four detectors.This minimizes massively the resource overhead,reduces the dark count contribution,vulnerability to detector side-channel attacks,and the detector imbalance,hence providing an enhanced security.Our approach offers an adaptive frequency-multiplexing capability to increase the number of channels without hardware overhead,enabling increased secret key rate and reconfigurable multi-user operations.In perspective,our approach enables dynamic resource-minimized quantum key distribution among multiple users across diverse network topologies,and facilitates scalability to large-scale quantum networks.展开更多
Emerging evidence demonstrates that cryptic translation from RNAs previously annotated as noncoding might generate microproteins with oncogenic functions.However,the importance and underlying mechanisms of these micro...Emerging evidence demonstrates that cryptic translation from RNAs previously annotated as noncoding might generate microproteins with oncogenic functions.However,the importance and underlying mechanisms of these microproteins in alternative splicing-driven tumor progression have rarely been studied.Here,we show that the novel protein TPM3P9,encoded by the lncRNA tropomyosin 3 pseudogene 9,exhibits oncogenic activity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)by enhancing oncogenic RNA splicing.Overexpression of TPM3P9 promotes cell proliferation and tumor growth.Mechanistically,TPM3P9 binds to the RRM1 domain of the splicing factor RBM4 to inhibit RBM4-mediated exon skipping in the transcription factor TCF7L2.This results in increased expression of the oncogenic splice variant TCF7L2-L,which activates NF-κB signaling via its interaction with SAM68 to transcriptionally induce RELB expression.From a clinical perspective,TPM3P9 expression is upregulated in cancer tissues and is significantly correlated with the expression of TCF7L2-L and RELB.High TPM3P9 expression or low RBM4 expression is associated with poor survival in patients with ccRCC.Collectively,our findings functionally and clinically characterize the“noncoding RNA”-derived microprotein TPM3P9 and thus identify potential prognostic and therapeutic factors in renal cancer.展开更多
Single-shot multi-frame phase imaging plays an important role in detecting continuous extreme physical phenomena,particularly suitable for measuring the density of media with non-repeatable changes and uncertainties.H...Single-shot multi-frame phase imaging plays an important role in detecting continuous extreme physical phenomena,particularly suitable for measuring the density of media with non-repeatable changes and uncertainties.However,traditional single-pattern multiplexed imaging faces challenges in retrieving amplitude and phase information of multiple frames without sacrificing spatial resolution and phase accuracy。展开更多
The quantification of microvascular blood flow velocity is pivotal in elucidating the characteristics of retinal microcirculation,and it plays a vital role in the early detection of numerous ophthalmic pathologies.How...The quantification of microvascular blood flow velocity is pivotal in elucidating the characteristics of retinal microcirculation,and it plays a vital role in the early detection of numerous ophthalmic pathologies.However,non-invasive technology with a large field of view for directly measuring retinal capillary blood flow velocity is lacking.In this study,a novel imaging modality called encoding optical coherence tomography angiography(En-OCTA)is presented,utilizing retinal optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)encoding to accurately measure the absolute blood flow velocity in retinal capillaries.En-OCTA employs a scanning speed of 250 kHz to capture multiple OCTA images at two different locations on the same unbranched capillary.As red blood cells(RBCs)slowly flow through capillaries in a single file,intermittent light and dark changes can be observed on OCTA images.Analyzing the correlation of light and dark patterns in chronologically coded images of the capillary region allows for the determination of the lag time in RBC movement between two points.Combining this lag time with the distance between scan points allows the absolute blood flow velocity in the capillaries to be accurately calculated.Animal experiments demonstrate that the method can accurately measure capillary blood flow velocity and detect changes in velocity over the duration of anesthesia.展开更多
Public clouds favor sharing of storage resources,in which many tenants acquire bandwidth and storage capacity from a shared storage pool.To provide high availability,data are often encoded to provide fault tolerance w...Public clouds favor sharing of storage resources,in which many tenants acquire bandwidth and storage capacity from a shared storage pool.To provide high availability,data are often encoded to provide fault tolerance with low storage costs.Regarding this,efficiently organizing an encoded storage system for shared I/Os is critical for application performance.This is usually hard to achieve as different applications have different stripe configurations and fault tolerance levels.In this paper,we first study the block trace from the Alibaba cloud,and find that I/O patterns of modern applications prefer the resource sharing scheme.Based on this,we propose a globally shared resource paradigm for encoded storage system in the public cloud.The globally shared resource paradigm can provide balanced load and fault tolerance for numerous disk pool sizes and arbitrary application stripe configurations.Furthermore,we demonstrate with two case studies that our theory can help address the device-specific problems of HDD and SSD RAID arrays with slight modifications:comparing the existing resource partition and resource sharing methods,our theory can promote the rebuild speed of the HDD RAID arrays by 2.5,and reduce the P99 tail latency of the SSD arrays by up to two orders of magnitude.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (NSF)of China:JSK (32071137 and 92054103)Funding for Scientific Research and Innovation Team of The First Affliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University:JSK (ZYCXTD2023014)。
文摘Mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)plays a crucial role in the function of cells and organelles,involving various cellular physiological processes,including energy production,formation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),unfolded protein stress,and cell survival.Currently,there is a lack of genetically encoded fluorescence indicators(GEVIs)for MMP.In our screening of various GEVIs for their potential monitoring MMP,the Accelerated Sensor of Action Potentials(ASAP)demonstrated optimal performance in targeting mitochondria and sensitivity to depolarization in multiple cell types.However,mitochondrial ASAPs also displayed sensitivity to ROS in cardiomyocytes.Therefore,two ASAP mutants resistant to ROS were generated.A double mutant ASAP3-ST exhibited the highest voltage sensitivity but weaker fluorescence.Overall,four GEVIs capable of targeting mitochondria were obtained and named mitochondrial potential indicators 1-4(MPI-1-4).In vivo,fiber photometry experiments utilizing MPI-2 revealed a mitochondrial depolarization during isoflurane-induced narcosis in the M2 cortex.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA050400 and2017YFC0906900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31722033,91649123,31671484,31225008,and 31470833)+4 种基金the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(14XD1401400,16430723100,and 15YF1402600)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(to YZ)Shanghai Young Top-notch Talent(to YZ)the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering(to YY)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(to YY and YZ)
文摘The brain has very high energy requirements and consumes 20% of the oxygen and 25% of the glucose in the human body. Therefore, the molecular mechanism under- lying how the brain metabolizes substances to support neural activity is a fundamental issue for neuroscience studies. A well-known model in the brain, the astrocyte- neuron lactate shuttle, postulates that glucose uptake and glycolytic activity are enhanced in astrocytes upon neu- ronal activation and that astrocytes transport lactate into neurons to fulfill their energy requirements. Current evidence for this hypothesis has yet to reach a clear consensus, and new concepts beyond the shuttle hypothesis are emerging. The discrepancy is largely attributed to the lack of a critical method for real-time monitoring of metabolic dynamics at cellular resolution. Recent advances in fluorescent protein-based sensors allow the generation of a sensitive, specific, real-time readout of subcellular metabolites and fill the current technological gap. Here,we summarize the development of genetically encoded metabolite sensors and their applications in assessing cell metabolism in living cells and in vivo, and we believe that these tools will help to address the issue of elucidating neural energy metabolism.
基金Project(61102039)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014AA052600)supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Plan,China
文摘With the development of automation in smart grids,network reconfiguration is becoming a feasible approach for improving the operation of distribution systems.A novel reconfiguration strategy was presented to get the optimal configuration of improving economy of the system,and then identifying the important nodes.In this strategy,the objectives increase the node importance degree and decrease the active power loss subjected to operational constraints.A compound objective function with weight coefficients is formulated to balance the conflict of the objectives.Then a novel quantum particle swarm optimization based on loop switches hierarchical encoded was employed to address the compound objective reconfiguration problem.Its main contribution is the presentation of the hierarchical encoded scheme which is used to generate the population swarm particles of representing only radial connected solutions.Because the candidate solutions are feasible,the search efficiency would improve dramatically during the optimization process without tedious topology verification.To validate the proposed strategy,simulations are carried out on the test systems.The results are compared with other techniques in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers: 81402542 and 81772166)the scholarship of Pujiang Talents in Shanghai to Fang Wei (Grant Number: 14PJ1405600)
文摘Dear Editor,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV,also termed human herpesvirus-4)was the first identified human tumor virus.Since its discovery in 1964,studies have shown that EBV infects over 90%of all people by the time they are adults(Williams and Crawford 2006).EBV infection can result in mucocutaneous and systemic diseases,ranging from selflimited illnesses to aggressive malignancies,including B cell Hodgkin lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.In vitro,EBV transforms resting B cells into proliferating blast cells(Pope et al.1968).
基金financial supports from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SAR Government to F. Sun (RGC-ECS Nos. #26103915 and Ao E/M-09/12)the 863 Program (No. 2015AA020941)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21474003, 91427304)"1000 Plan (Youth)"the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, HKUST for the faculty start-up fund
文摘Synthesis of macromolecular systems with precise structural and functional control constitutes a fundamental challenge for materials science and engineering. Development of the ability to construct complex bio-macromolecular architectures provides a solution to this challenge. The past few years have witnessed the emergence of a new category of peptide-protein chemistry which can covalently stitch together protein]peptide molecules with high specificity under mild physiological conditions. It has thus inspired the concept of genetically encoded click chemistry （GECC）. As a prototype of GECC, SpyTag/ SpyCatcher chemistry has enabled the precise synthesis ofmacromolecules both in vitro and in vivo, exerting precise control over the fundamental properties of these macromolecules including length, sequence, stereochemistry and topology and leading to the creation of diverse biomaterials for a variety of applications. We thus anticipate a potential toolbox of GECC comprising multiple mutually orthogonal, covalent-bond forming peptide-protein reactive pairs with diverse features, which shall bridge synthetic biology and materials science and open up enormous opportunities for biomaterialsin the future.
基金supported in part by NIH HL098472 and NSF CBET0846429supported by China Scholarship Council as well
文摘Introduction Post-translational modifications of core histones have emerged as a critical player in dynamical regulation of gene expression and accurate chromatin structures<sup>[1-2]</sup>.In recent years it has been demonstrated that,histone lysine methylation is particularly prominent as one of the most important epigenetic modifications during cell cycles,development and differentiation,and in response to external stimuli,e.g.exogenous growth factors and mechanical stimulation.This epigenetic modification may also be an early event that regulates the gene expression dur-
文摘Recombinant vaccinia virus has many advantagesover more restricted vectors like retrovirus andadenovirus. The proven safety of vaccinia virus, which isrestricted to local and transitory infection, favors clinicalapplication of vaccinia virus to deliver cytokines locally.
基金supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0209101 and 2017YFA0700503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11734005 and 61704024)+3 种基金the Science&Technology Project of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BE2016177 and BK20170696)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesZhishan Young Scholar Fundthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)has been successfully applied to detect various biomolecules,but it is still in challenge to assay living cells or bacteria sensitively,selectively and quantitatively in complex environments.In this paper,4-ATP and DTNB are assembled on Ag nanoparticle(NP)-decorated poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid)(PSA)nanospheres and then sealed by silica shells to form sensitive SERS labels based on the localized surface plasmon resonance of Ag NPs and large light scattering cross-sections of PSA nanospheres.They are further developed as encoding tags for dual detection of S.aureus and E.coli after assembling corresponding aptamers,which demonstrate ultralow detection limits of 8 cell L-1 for S.aureus and 2 cell L-1 for E.coli.Such a bioassay indicates a point-of-care strategy of ultrasensitively biomedical detections by encoding specific SERS tags.
基金supported by the National Key Research Projects(No.2016YFB0501403)the National Demonstration Center for Experimental Remote Sensing&Information Engineering(Wuhan University)
文摘In order to achieve the goal that unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)automatically positioning during power inspection,a visual positioning method which utilizes encoded sign as cooperative target is proposed.Firstly,we discuss how to design the encoded sign and propose a robust decoding algorithm based on contour.Secondly,the Adaboost algorithm is used to train a classifier which can detect the encoded sign from image.Lastly,the position of UAV can be calculated by using the projective relation between the object points and their corresponding image points.Experiment includes two parts.First,simulated video data is used to verify the feasibility of the proposed method,and the results show that the average absolute error in each direction is below 0.02 m.Second,a video,acquired from an actual UAV flight,is used to calculate the position of UAV.The results show that the calculated trajectory is consistent with the actual flight path.The method runs at a speed of 0.153 sper frame.
基金the 2012 Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Michigan Collaborative Research Projects(No.12X120010007)the National High Technology Research and Development Program(863) of China(No.2012AA020103)+1 种基金the Shanghai Nano Program(No.11nm0505600)the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Funding(No.YG2012ZD03)
文摘New initiatives put forward by clinical diagnosis require the development of technologies for high throughput screening(HTS) of multiple analytes. Suspension arrays have great advantages over the planar arraybased multiplexing assays, and the encoded bead is the key for providing multiplexing capability. Among various encoding strategies, optically encoded microspheres have been widely used while the number of codes is still limited. This review discusses the progress of optical encoding strategy from mainly three aspects, namely organic dyes, quantum dots(QDs) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) active substrates. Emphases are put up on describing how these optical encoded microbeads are manufactured and the merits and demerits of different encoding materials are compared.
文摘A synthetic polypeptide, pt27, which is encoded by a cDNA clone with antloncogene activity, p14-6, is found to be able to reduce remarkably the soft agar colony formation ability of part of DT cells and to raise their resistance to the ouabaln toxtcity. This shows that the pt27 peptide can affect the DT cells In a manner similar to the p14- 6 done and provides evidence that the reverting action of the p14-6 to DT cells may be exerted by the expression of its cDNA.
基金the funding support from the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund (AcRF Tier 3 Grant MOE2016-T3-1-004, R-397-000274-112 AcRF Tier 1 Grant R-397-000-270-114)
文摘Fluorescently encoded microbeads are in demand for multiplexed applications in different fields.Compared to organic dye-based commercially available Luminex's x MAP technology, upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) are better alternatives due to their large antiStokes shift, photostability, nil background, and single wavelength excitation. Here, we developed a new multiplexed detection system using UCNPs for encoding poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate(PEGDA) microbeads as well as for labeling reporter antibody. However, to prepare UCNPs-encoded microbeads, currently used swellingbased encapsulation leads to non-uniformity, which is undesirable for fluorescence-based multiplexing. Hence,we utilized droplet microfluidics to obtain encoded microbeads of uniform size, shape, and UCNPs distribution inside. Additionally, PEGDA microbeads lack functionality for probe antibodies conjugation on their surface.Methods to functionalize the surface of PEGDA microbeads(acrylic acid incorporation, polydopamine coating)reported thus far quench the fluorescence of UCNPs. Here,PEGDA microbeads surface was coated with silica followed by carboxyl modification without compromising the fluorescence intensity of UCNPs. In this study, droplet microfluidics-assisted UCNPs-encoded microbeads of uniform shape, size, and fluorescence were prepared.Multiple color codes were generated by mixing UCNPs emitting red and green colors at different ratios prior to encapsulation. UCNPs emitting blue color were used to label the reporter antibody. Probe antibodies were covalently immobilized on red UCNPs-encoded microbeads for specific capture of human serum albumin(HSA) as a model protein. The system was also demonstrated for multiplexed detection of both human C-reactive protein(hCRP) and HSA protein by immobilizing anti-h CRP antibodies on green UCNPs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11474236,81171331,and U1232212)
文摘In many ultrafast imaging applications, the reduced field-of-view（r FOV） technique is often used to enhance the spatial resolution and field inhomogeneity immunity of the images. The stationary-phase characteristic of the spatiotemporallyencoded（SPEN） method offers an inherent applicability to r FOV imaging. In this study, a flexible r FOV imaging method is presented and the superiority of the SPEN approach in r FOV imaging is demonstrated. The proposed method is validated with phantom and in vivo rat experiments, including cardiac imaging and contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging. For comparison, the echo planar imaging（EPI） experiments with orthogonal RF excitation are also performed. The results show that the signal-to-noise ratios of the images acquired by the proposed method can be higher than those obtained with the r FOV EPI. Moreover, the proposed method shows better performance in the cardiac imaging and perfusion imaging of rat kidney, and it can scan one or more regions of interest（ROIs） with high spatial resolution in a single shot. It might be a favorable solution to ultrafast imaging applications in cases with severe susceptibility heterogeneities, such as cardiac imaging and perfusion imaging. Furthermore, it might be promising in applications with separate ROIs, such as mammary and limb imaging.
文摘DSP operation in a Biomedical related therapeutic hardware need to beperformed with high accuracy and with high speed. Portable DSP hardware’s likepulse/heart beat detectors must perform with reduced operational power due to lack ofconventional power sources. This work proposes a hybrid biomedical hardware chip inwhich the speed and power utilization factors are greatly improved. Multipliers are thecore operational unit of any DSP SoC. This work proposes a LUT based unsignedmultiplication which is proven to be efficient in terms of high operating speed. For n bitinput multiplication n*n memory array of 2 n bit size is required to memorize all thepossible input and output combination. Various literature works claims to be achieve highspeed multiplication with reduced LUT size by integrating a barrel shifter mechanism.This paper work address this problem, by reworking the multiplier architecture with aparallel operating pre-processing unit which used to change the multiplier and multiplicandorder with respect to the number of computational addition and subtraction stages required.Along with LUT multiplier a low power bus encoding scheme is integrated to limit the powerconstraint of the on chip DSP unit. This paper address both the speed and power optimizationtechniques and tested with various FPGA device families.
文摘To enhance the optimization ability of particle swarm algorithm, a novel quantum-inspired particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. In this method, the particles are encoded by the probability amplitudes of the basic states of the multi-qubits system. The rotation angles of multi-qubits are determined based on the local optimum particle and the global optimal particle, and the multi-qubits rotation gates are employed to update the particles. At each of iteration, updating any qubit can lead to updating all probability amplitudes of the corresponding particle. The experimental results of some benchmark functions optimization show that, although its single step iteration consumes long time, the optimization ability of the proposed method is significantly higher than other similar algorithms.
基金Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
文摘Large-scale quantum networks require dynamic and resource-efficient solutions to reduce system complexity with maintained security and performance to support growing number of users over large distances.Current encoding schemes including time-bin,polarization,and orbital angular momentum,suffer from the lack of reconfigurability and thus scalability issues.Here,we demonstrate the first-time implementation of frequency-bin-encoded entanglement-based quantum key distribution and a reconfigurable distribution of entanglement using frequency-bin encoding.Specifically,we demonstrate a novel scalable frequency-bin basis analyzer module that allows for a passive random basis selection as a crucial step in quantum protocols,and importantly equips each user with a single detector rather than four detectors.This minimizes massively the resource overhead,reduces the dark count contribution,vulnerability to detector side-channel attacks,and the detector imbalance,hence providing an enhanced security.Our approach offers an adaptive frequency-multiplexing capability to increase the number of channels without hardware overhead,enabling increased secret key rate and reconfigurable multi-user operations.In perspective,our approach enables dynamic resource-minimized quantum key distribution among multiple users across diverse network topologies,and facilitates scalability to large-scale quantum networks.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1304604,2020YFE0202200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21624109)+3 种基金the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82303050)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2022A1515012388)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2023A1515011901)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515111106).
文摘Emerging evidence demonstrates that cryptic translation from RNAs previously annotated as noncoding might generate microproteins with oncogenic functions.However,the importance and underlying mechanisms of these microproteins in alternative splicing-driven tumor progression have rarely been studied.Here,we show that the novel protein TPM3P9,encoded by the lncRNA tropomyosin 3 pseudogene 9,exhibits oncogenic activity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)by enhancing oncogenic RNA splicing.Overexpression of TPM3P9 promotes cell proliferation and tumor growth.Mechanistically,TPM3P9 binds to the RRM1 domain of the splicing factor RBM4 to inhibit RBM4-mediated exon skipping in the transcription factor TCF7L2.This results in increased expression of the oncogenic splice variant TCF7L2-L,which activates NF-κB signaling via its interaction with SAM68 to transcriptionally induce RELB expression.From a clinical perspective,TPM3P9 expression is upregulated in cancer tissues and is significantly correlated with the expression of TCF7L2-L and RELB.High TPM3P9 expression or low RBM4 expression is associated with poor survival in patients with ccRCC.Collectively,our findings functionally and clinically characterize the“noncoding RNA”-derived microprotein TPM3P9 and thus identify potential prognostic and therapeutic factors in renal cancer.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M743252,2024T170846)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2024SSYS0014)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62205304).
文摘Single-shot multi-frame phase imaging plays an important role in detecting continuous extreme physical phenomena,particularly suitable for measuring the density of media with non-repeatable changes and uncertainties.However,traditional single-pattern multiplexed imaging faces challenges in retrieving amplitude and phase information of multiple frames without sacrificing spatial resolution and phase accuracy。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62205181 and 51975336)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022QF017)+1 种基金the Shandong Province Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project(Overseas)(No.2023HWYQ-023)the Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202211038)。
文摘The quantification of microvascular blood flow velocity is pivotal in elucidating the characteristics of retinal microcirculation,and it plays a vital role in the early detection of numerous ophthalmic pathologies.However,non-invasive technology with a large field of view for directly measuring retinal capillary blood flow velocity is lacking.In this study,a novel imaging modality called encoding optical coherence tomography angiography(En-OCTA)is presented,utilizing retinal optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)encoding to accurately measure the absolute blood flow velocity in retinal capillaries.En-OCTA employs a scanning speed of 250 kHz to capture multiple OCTA images at two different locations on the same unbranched capillary.As red blood cells(RBCs)slowly flow through capillaries in a single file,intermittent light and dark changes can be observed on OCTA images.Analyzing the correlation of light and dark patterns in chronologically coded images of the capillary region allows for the determination of the lag time in RBC movement between two points.Combining this lag time with the distance between scan points allows the absolute blood flow velocity in the capillaries to be accurately calculated.Animal experiments demonstrate that the method can accurately measure capillary blood flow velocity and detect changes in velocity over the duration of anesthesia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62025203).
文摘Public clouds favor sharing of storage resources,in which many tenants acquire bandwidth and storage capacity from a shared storage pool.To provide high availability,data are often encoded to provide fault tolerance with low storage costs.Regarding this,efficiently organizing an encoded storage system for shared I/Os is critical for application performance.This is usually hard to achieve as different applications have different stripe configurations and fault tolerance levels.In this paper,we first study the block trace from the Alibaba cloud,and find that I/O patterns of modern applications prefer the resource sharing scheme.Based on this,we propose a globally shared resource paradigm for encoded storage system in the public cloud.The globally shared resource paradigm can provide balanced load and fault tolerance for numerous disk pool sizes and arbitrary application stripe configurations.Furthermore,we demonstrate with two case studies that our theory can help address the device-specific problems of HDD and SSD RAID arrays with slight modifications:comparing the existing resource partition and resource sharing methods,our theory can promote the rebuild speed of the HDD RAID arrays by 2.5,and reduce the P99 tail latency of the SSD arrays by up to two orders of magnitude.
