Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a point of focus globally due to its harmful effects on the environment and human health if it is not managed properly. MSW was proved globally to be used as a resource, and it has ...Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a point of focus globally due to its harmful effects on the environment and human health if it is not managed properly. MSW was proved globally to be used as a resource, and it has a major opportunity in the realm of conversion technologies. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the enablers and barriers to six different MSW management (MSWM) technologies adopted in the Kingdom of Bahrain, in order to ensure the successful adoption of these technologies that are Anaerobic Digestion (AD), Incineration, Pyrolysis, Gasification, Composting and Refused Derived Fuel (RDF). This study provides sufficient information to the decision and policy-makers for the processes of selection and adoption of the MSWM technologies in Bahrain, using a qualitative approach “mainly semi-structured interviews” with experts and then Thematic Analysis using nvivo12 software. The results show that the main themes that enablers and barriers fall under are: political (e.g. national waste management strategy), technical (e.g. segregation at source), managerial (e.g. capacity building), social (e.g. public awareness), economic (e.g. incentives to investment) and environmental (e.g. air quality). This study concluded that in order to succeed in the MSWM technologies adoption, the resulted barriers should be overcome. Furthermore, Incineration was recommended as the best solution to manage MSW which has the least barriers and most enablers in Bahrain as per the experts.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Supporting higher education with modern technologies like E-Learning is very important for one country to improve qu...<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Supporting higher education with modern technologies like E-Learning is very important for one country to improve quality of education, to meet student’s expectations and to continue teaching-learning and training when face to face education is impossible. However, it is in its preliminary stage in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study examined the enabling factors, difficulties and opportunities of E-Learning implementation in Assosa University (ASU), Ethiopia. Its purpose is to find the enabling factors, difficulties and opportunities of E-Learning implementation in ASU and developing prototype of E-Learning system to show its practicality and to identify approaches of students’ and lecturers towards E-Learning. The study employed questionnaires, observation and interview to gather the required information. A sample of 309 students and 64 Lecturers randomly selected from 7 colleges and two schools as well as ICT workers and other concerned bodies in the university. Also prototyping as a methodology was used to implement and test the proposed system for proof of concept. This study investigating the possibility of implementing E-Learning in ASU and important enablers, difficulties and opportunities is identified. Also the E-Learning platform of the university is developed and introduced for students and lecturers to show its practicality. Most students and lecturers showed good motivation in E-Learning implementation and they assumed that it is useful for the university. The result shows that although there are difficulties to implement E-Learning in ASU, the possibility of fully implementing E-Learning in the University is relatively high with mixed method. With this, the approaches of students and lecturers are positively viewed and the opportunities are very noticeable in the University. So, conventional higher education can practically implement E-Learning with mixed approach to use as supportive tool for educational improvements and to reduce physical presence.</span> </div>展开更多
Bhutan has reported a total of 2596 COVID-19 cases and three deaths as of September 15,2021.With support from India,the United States,Denmark,the People’s Republic of China,Croatia and other countries,Bhutan was able...Bhutan has reported a total of 2596 COVID-19 cases and three deaths as of September 15,2021.With support from India,the United States,Denmark,the People’s Republic of China,Croatia and other countries,Bhutan was able to conduct two rounds of nationwide vaccination campaign.While many countries struggle to overcome vaccine refusal or hesitancy due to complacency,a lack of trust,inconvenience and fear,escalated in some countries by anti-vaccine groups,Bhutan managed to inoculate more than 95%of its eligible populations in two rounds of vaccination campaign.Enabling factors of this successful vaccination campaign were strong national leadership,a well-coordinated national preparedness plan,and high acceptability of vaccine due to effective mass communication and social engagement led by religious figures,volunteers and local leaders.In this short report,we described the national strategic plan and enabling factors that led to the success of this historical vaccination campaign.展开更多
The importance of knowledge as a strategic asset for organizations has been recognized by both researchers and practitioners.To gain a competitive advantage,firms are required to effectively manage their knowledge res...The importance of knowledge as a strategic asset for organizations has been recognized by both researchers and practitioners.To gain a competitive advantage,firms are required to effectively manage their knowledge resources.The most central activity in managing knowledge is to ensure its transfer within and between organizations.Knowledge transfer(KT)has thus been recognized as a key component of the knowledge management processes.The purpose of this research is to provide a holistic view of the KT barriers and enablers within an organization,from a multilevel and process-based perspectives.We first review the extant literature to identify the key enablers and barriers to KT.Second,we develop a multilevel conceptualization of enablers and barriers that can influence KT at different levels–individual,team/exchange and organization.The proposed model improves current understanding of KT by offering a holistic and integrated view of enablers and barriers.展开更多
The 193 nm deep-ultraviolet(DUV)laser plays a critical role in advanced semiconductor chip manufacturing[1,2],micro-nano material characterization[3,4]and biomedical analysis[5,6],due to its high spatial resolution an...The 193 nm deep-ultraviolet(DUV)laser plays a critical role in advanced semiconductor chip manufacturing[1,2],micro-nano material characterization[3,4]and biomedical analysis[5,6],due to its high spatial resolution and short wavelength.Efficient and compact 193 nm DUV laser source thus becomes a hot research area.Currently,193 nm Ar F excimer gas laser is widely employed in DUV lithography systems and serves as the enabling technology for 7 and 5 nm semiconductor fabrication.展开更多
Integrating advanced digital technologies into healthcare systems,known as the Medical 4.0 paradigm,has brought about a revolutionary transformation in the medical field.Thus,to incorporate these advanced technologies...Integrating advanced digital technologies into healthcare systems,known as the Medical 4.0 paradigm,has brought about a revolutionary transformation in the medical field.Thus,to incorporate these advanced technologies systematically and effectively into the healthcare sector,it is imperative to prioritise key enabling factors.This strategic approach streamlines resource allocation,risk management,and the achievement of significant outcomes.In this context,ten crucial enablers play pivotal roles:Policy Support,enhanced diagnostics and treatment,patient-centric care,telehealth and Telemedicine,Internet of Things devices,artificial intelligence,cloud computing,genomics and precision medicine,Cybersecurity,and industry collaboration.This paper introduces and delves into the primary technologies driving this transformative process.The importance of these critical enablers in driving success is assessed using the fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy MARCOS methods,which established a quantitative framework for decision-making and prioritisation within the Medical 4.0 landscape.A comprehensive set of evaluation criteria is proposed,encompassing cost-effectiveness,adaptability,risk mitigation,Data Privacy,interoperability,ease of implementation,stakeholder acceptance,environmental impact,supplier and partner compatibility,and regulatory compliance.This research enhances our comprehension of the dynamics propelling the implementation of Medical 4.0,providing valuable insights to unlock the potential of technology-driven healthcare advancements.By employing the fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy MARCOS methods,a quantifiable model is established to guide decision-making and prioritise efforts within the expansive Medical 4.0 domain.The results are further validated through a sensitivity analysis.This research offers invaluable insights to both industry professionals and researchers looking to harness the possibilities offered by technology-driven advancements in healthcare.展开更多
Background Many guidelines recommend non-drug interventions(NDIs)for managing common conditions in primary care.However,compared with drug interventions,NDIs are less widely known,promoted and used.We aim to(1)examine...Background Many guidelines recommend non-drug interventions(NDIs)for managing common conditions in primary care.However,compared with drug interventions,NDIs are less widely known,promoted and used.We aim to(1)examine general practitioners’(GPs’)knowledge,attitudes and practices for NDIs,including their use of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners(RACGP)Handbook of Non-Drug Interventions(HANDI),and(2)identify factors influencing their use of NDIs and HANDI.Methods We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of practicing GP members in Australia during October-November 2022.The survey contained five sections:characteristics of GP;knowledge and use of NDIs;attitudes towards NDIs;barriers and enablers to using HANDI;and suggestions of NDIs and ideas to improve the uptake of NDIs in primary care.Results Of the 366 GPs who completed the survey,242(66%)were female,and 248(74%)were≥45 years old.One in three GPs reported that they regularly(‘always’)recommend NDIs to their patients when appropriate(34%),whereas one-third of GPs were unaware of HANDI(39%).GPs identified several factors that improve the uptake of HANDI,including‘access and integration of HANDI in clinical practice’,‘content and support to use in practice’and‘awareness and training’.Conclusions While many GPs are aware of the effectiveness of NDIs and often endorse their use,obstacles still prevent widespread adoption in primary care.The results of this survey can serve as a foundation for developing implementation strategies to improve the uptake of effective evidence-based NDIs in primary care.展开更多
High-dimensional(HD)entanglement of photonic orbital angular momentum(OAM)is pivotal for advancing quantum communication and information processing,but its characterization remains significant challenges due to the co...High-dimensional(HD)entanglement of photonic orbital angular momentum(OAM)is pivotal for advancing quantum communication and information processing,but its characterization remains significant challenges due to the complexity of quantum state tomography and experimental limitations such as low photon counts caused by losses.Here,we propose a pre-trained physics-informed neural network(PTPINN)framework that enables efficient and rapid reconstruction of HD-OAM entangled states under low photon counts.Experimental results show that the fidelity of five-dimensional OAM entanglement reaches F=0.958±0.010 even with an exposure time as short as 50 ms.This highlights the capability of PTPINN to achieve high-precision quantum state reconstruction with limited photons,owing to its innovative designs,thus overcoming the reliance on high photon counts typical of traditional methods.Our method provides a practical and scalable solution for high-fidelity characterization of HD-OAM entanglement in environments with low photon numbers and high noise,paving the way for robust long-distance quantum information transmission.展开更多
This study investigated the application and the application value of intelligent emergency in emergency management in the big data environment.It addresses the neglect of the application value(performance)measurement ...This study investigated the application and the application value of intelligent emergency in emergency management in the big data environment.It addresses the neglect of the application value(performance)measurement of intelligent emergency,further improving the effectiveness of intelligent emergency management.First,approximately 3,900 documents from the intelligent emergency field are analyzed to determine the future research trend in intelligent emergency management.The socio-technical theory concerning technical and social systems is introduced.The emergency management system concepts of“technology enabling”and“enabling value creation”are defined according to bibliometric analysis and socio-technical theory.Second,a research framework that includes technology enabling and enabling value creation for the decision-making paradigm in emergency management according to the big data environment is constructed.A detailed analysis approach from intelligent emergency technology enabling to enabling value creation in emergency management is proposed.Finally,earthquake disasters are taken as examples,and specific analyses of the intelligent emergency enabling and enabling value creation are explored;enabling value creation is discussed based on measurable indicators.The clear concept of emergency management system technology enabling and enabling value creation,as well as the detailed analysis approach from intelligent emergency technology enabling to enabling value creation,provide a theoretical bases for scholars and practitioners to evaluate the value(performance)of intelligent emergency for the first time.展开更多
Translation regulation is an important layer of gene expression:Generation of genome-wide expression datasets at multi-omics levels in spatial,temporal,and cell-type resolution is essential for deciphering brain compl...Translation regulation is an important layer of gene expression:Generation of genome-wide expression datasets at multi-omics levels in spatial,temporal,and cell-type resolution is essential for deciphering brain complexity.Regulation of gene expression is a highly dynamic process aiming at the production of precise levels of gene products to guarantee optimal cellular function,in response to physiological cues.Speedy advances in next-generation sequencing enabled the understanding of epigenomic and transcriptomic dynamic landscapes of different brain regions along development,aging,and disease progression.However,the correlation of the“transcriptome”with protein levels is poor because numerous mRNAs are subjected to manipulation of their translation efficiency,to warrant a favorable result under certain conditions.Hence,it is widely accepted that regulation at the translation level is a vital layer of gene expression.Quantification of actively translated mRNA populations(i.e.,“translatome”)is a more reliable predictor of the“proteome”(Wang et al.,2020).展开更多
Artificial neural networks are capable of machine learning by simulating the hiera rchical structure of the human brain.To enable learning by brain and machine,it is essential to accurately identify and correct the pr...Artificial neural networks are capable of machine learning by simulating the hiera rchical structure of the human brain.To enable learning by brain and machine,it is essential to accurately identify and correct the prediction errors,referred to as credit assignment(Lillicrap et al.,2020).It is critical to develop artificial intelligence by understanding how the brain deals with credit assignment in neuroscience.展开更多
Digital avatars have become a standard feature on e-commerce platforms.As virtual hosts,they emulate human behavior,broadcast live programs without interruption,and present“Made in China”products to foreign consumer...Digital avatars have become a standard feature on e-commerce platforms.As virtual hosts,they emulate human behavior,broadcast live programs without interruption,and present“Made in China”products to foreign consumers,thanks to their proficiency in multiple languages.The impressive efficiency of these digital avatars is made possible by the colossal computing power that enables them to perform their functions.“This year,the storage requirements of the digital avatars have increased significantly,by approximately 500 times compared to last year.The current local storage capacity is no longer sufficient.”展开更多
The high-luminosity Superτ-Charm Factory(STCF)will be a crucial facility for charm-physics research,particularly for the precise measurement of electroweak parameters,measuring D^(0)-D^(-)^(0)mixing parameters,invest...The high-luminosity Superτ-Charm Factory(STCF)will be a crucial facility for charm-physics research,particularly for the precise measurement of electroweak parameters,measuring D^(0)-D^(-)^(0)mixing parameters,investigating conjugation–parity(CP)violation within the charm sector,searching for the rare and forbidden decays of charmed hadrons,and addressing other foundational questions related to charmed hadrons.With the world’s largest charm-threshold data,the STCF aims to achieve high sensitivity in studying the strong phase of neutral D mesons using quantum correlation,complementing studies at LHCb and Belle II,and contributing to the understanding of CP violations globally.The STCF will also enable world-leading precision in measuring the leptonic decays of charmed mesons and baryons,providing constraints on the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix and strong-force dynamics.Additionally,the STCF will explore charmed hadron spectroscopy.The advanced detector and clean experimental environment of the STCF will enable unprecedented precision,help address key challenges in the Standard Model,and facilitate the search for potential new physics.展开更多
Road infrastructure is facing significant digitalization challenges within the context of new infrastructure construction in China and worldwide.Among the advanced digital technologies,digital twin(DT)has gained promi...Road infrastructure is facing significant digitalization challenges within the context of new infrastructure construction in China and worldwide.Among the advanced digital technologies,digital twin(DT)has gained prominence across various engineering sectors,including the manufacturing and construction industries.Specifically,road engineering has demonstrated a growing interest in DT and has achieved promising results in DT-related applications over the past several years.This paper systematically introduces the development of DT and examines its current state in road engineering by reviewing research articles on DT-enabling technologies,such as model creation,condition sensing,data processing,and interaction,as well as its applications throughout the lifecycle of road infrastructure.The findings indicate that research has primarily focused on data perception and virtual model creation,while realtime data processing and interaction between physical and virtual models remain underexplored.DT in road engineering has been predominantly applied during the operation and maintenance phases,with limited attention given to the construction and demolition phases.Future efforts should focus on establishing uniform standards,developing innovative perception and data interaction techniques,optimizing development costs,and expanding the scope of lifecycle applications to facilitate the digital transformation of road engineering.This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art advancements in this field and paves the way for leveraging DT in road infrastructure lifecycle management.展开更多
1.Data security in smart manufacturing The global manufacturing sector is undergoing a digital transformation as traditional systems-reliant on physical assets such as raw materials and labor-struggle to meet demands ...1.Data security in smart manufacturing The global manufacturing sector is undergoing a digital transformation as traditional systems-reliant on physical assets such as raw materials and labor-struggle to meet demands for greater flexibility and efficiency.The integration of advanced information technology facilitates smart manufacturing(SM),which optimizes production,management,and supply chains[1].展开更多
Currently,driven by the accelerated iteration of digital technologies such as big data,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence,the digital economy has become a crucial engine for generating new quality productive ...Currently,driven by the accelerated iteration of digital technologies such as big data,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence,the digital economy has become a crucial engine for generating new quality productive forces and promoting industrial upgrading.Building on a systematic review of the theoretical evolution and measurement methods of the digital economy and new quality productive forces,this paper outlines their enabling mechanisms,industrial synergy pathways,and policy practices,and summarizes regional disparities and spatial spillover effects.The main findings are as follows:First,the digital economy reshapes the traditional factor structure and significantly enhances total factor productivity through the permeation of data elements and technological innovation;Second,driven jointly by the consumer internet and the industrial internet,it optimizes supply–demand matching and service models while reducing operating costs and improving production efficiency;Third,policy environments and institutional coordination amplify the enabling effects,as evidenced notably in national big-data pilot zones and the“East Data West Computing”initiative.Looking ahead,empirical research should deepen the exploration of micro-level mechanisms and dynamic panel analyses,construct a measurement system of new quality productive forces that spans macro,meso,and micro scales,and investigate pathways for regional collaborative governance and green digital integration to address the complex challenges of the new era.展开更多
Artificial intelligence (AI) is almo st everywhere due to the rapid development of modern technology and popularity of intelligent devices.While control theory and machine learning techniques as two enabling technolog...Artificial intelligence (AI) is almo st everywhere due to the rapid development of modern technology and popularity of intelligent devices.While control theory and machine learning techniques as two enabling technologies have shown enormous power in their own right,a rapprochement of them is required to handle nonlinearity,uncertainty and scalability induced by high complexity of modern systems,huge quantity of real-time data,and large scale of agent networks.Journal of Automation and Intelligence (JAI) aims to provide a platform for researchers and practitioners from both academia and industry to exchange their ideas and present new developments across multiple disciplines relevant to automation and artificial intelligence with particular attention to machine learning.展开更多
Under the strategy of building an educational power country,the reform of higher mathematics teaching should take into account both value guidance and digital innovation.This study,guided by the“educationalist spirit...Under the strategy of building an educational power country,the reform of higher mathematics teaching should take into account both value guidance and digital innovation.This study,guided by the“educationalist spirit”,explores the integration of course ideological education into teaching and leverages digital innovation for empowerment.Analyzing the literature reveals that there is a gap in the connection between the“educationalist spirit”theory and the“digital and intelligent technology”practice.Therefore,a“spiritual guidance–technological empowerment”dual-wheel driving model is proposed,along with the corresponding framework and path.Research shows that this model can enhance teaching effectiveness and educational quality,providing an integrated path for cultivating top-notch innovative talents.展开更多
Decision Support Tool(DST)enables farmers to make site-specific crop management decisions;however,comprehensive calibration can be both costly and time-consuming.This study assessed the production and economic benefit...Decision Support Tool(DST)enables farmers to make site-specific crop management decisions;however,comprehensive calibration can be both costly and time-consuming.This study assessed the production and economic benefits of two calibrations of the Nutrient Expert(NE)tool for rice in Sri Lanka’s Alfisols:the basic calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 1,NESL1)and the comprehensive calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 2,NESL2).NESL1 was developed by adapting the South Indian version of NE to local conditions,while NESL2 was an updated version,using three years of data from 71 farmer fields.展开更多
文摘Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a point of focus globally due to its harmful effects on the environment and human health if it is not managed properly. MSW was proved globally to be used as a resource, and it has a major opportunity in the realm of conversion technologies. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the enablers and barriers to six different MSW management (MSWM) technologies adopted in the Kingdom of Bahrain, in order to ensure the successful adoption of these technologies that are Anaerobic Digestion (AD), Incineration, Pyrolysis, Gasification, Composting and Refused Derived Fuel (RDF). This study provides sufficient information to the decision and policy-makers for the processes of selection and adoption of the MSWM technologies in Bahrain, using a qualitative approach “mainly semi-structured interviews” with experts and then Thematic Analysis using nvivo12 software. The results show that the main themes that enablers and barriers fall under are: political (e.g. national waste management strategy), technical (e.g. segregation at source), managerial (e.g. capacity building), social (e.g. public awareness), economic (e.g. incentives to investment) and environmental (e.g. air quality). This study concluded that in order to succeed in the MSWM technologies adoption, the resulted barriers should be overcome. Furthermore, Incineration was recommended as the best solution to manage MSW which has the least barriers and most enablers in Bahrain as per the experts.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Supporting higher education with modern technologies like E-Learning is very important for one country to improve quality of education, to meet student’s expectations and to continue teaching-learning and training when face to face education is impossible. However, it is in its preliminary stage in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study examined the enabling factors, difficulties and opportunities of E-Learning implementation in Assosa University (ASU), Ethiopia. Its purpose is to find the enabling factors, difficulties and opportunities of E-Learning implementation in ASU and developing prototype of E-Learning system to show its practicality and to identify approaches of students’ and lecturers towards E-Learning. The study employed questionnaires, observation and interview to gather the required information. A sample of 309 students and 64 Lecturers randomly selected from 7 colleges and two schools as well as ICT workers and other concerned bodies in the university. Also prototyping as a methodology was used to implement and test the proposed system for proof of concept. This study investigating the possibility of implementing E-Learning in ASU and important enablers, difficulties and opportunities is identified. Also the E-Learning platform of the university is developed and introduced for students and lecturers to show its practicality. Most students and lecturers showed good motivation in E-Learning implementation and they assumed that it is useful for the university. The result shows that although there are difficulties to implement E-Learning in ASU, the possibility of fully implementing E-Learning in the University is relatively high with mixed method. With this, the approaches of students and lecturers are positively viewed and the opportunities are very noticeable in the University. So, conventional higher education can practically implement E-Learning with mixed approach to use as supportive tool for educational improvements and to reduce physical presence.</span> </div>
文摘Bhutan has reported a total of 2596 COVID-19 cases and three deaths as of September 15,2021.With support from India,the United States,Denmark,the People’s Republic of China,Croatia and other countries,Bhutan was able to conduct two rounds of nationwide vaccination campaign.While many countries struggle to overcome vaccine refusal or hesitancy due to complacency,a lack of trust,inconvenience and fear,escalated in some countries by anti-vaccine groups,Bhutan managed to inoculate more than 95%of its eligible populations in two rounds of vaccination campaign.Enabling factors of this successful vaccination campaign were strong national leadership,a well-coordinated national preparedness plan,and high acceptability of vaccine due to effective mass communication and social engagement led by religious figures,volunteers and local leaders.In this short report,we described the national strategic plan and enabling factors that led to the success of this historical vaccination campaign.
文摘The importance of knowledge as a strategic asset for organizations has been recognized by both researchers and practitioners.To gain a competitive advantage,firms are required to effectively manage their knowledge resources.The most central activity in managing knowledge is to ensure its transfer within and between organizations.Knowledge transfer(KT)has thus been recognized as a key component of the knowledge management processes.The purpose of this research is to provide a holistic view of the KT barriers and enablers within an organization,from a multilevel and process-based perspectives.We first review the extant literature to identify the key enablers and barriers to KT.Second,we develop a multilevel conceptualization of enablers and barriers that can influence KT at different levels–individual,team/exchange and organization.The proposed model improves current understanding of KT by offering a holistic and integrated view of enablers and barriers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62450006,62304217,62274157,62127807,62234011,62034008,62074142,62074140)Tianshan Innovation Team Program(Grant No.2022TSYCTD0005)+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB0880000)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.2023124,Y2023032)。
文摘The 193 nm deep-ultraviolet(DUV)laser plays a critical role in advanced semiconductor chip manufacturing[1,2],micro-nano material characterization[3,4]and biomedical analysis[5,6],due to its high spatial resolution and short wavelength.Efficient and compact 193 nm DUV laser source thus becomes a hot research area.Currently,193 nm Ar F excimer gas laser is widely employed in DUV lithography systems and serves as the enabling technology for 7 and 5 nm semiconductor fabrication.
文摘Integrating advanced digital technologies into healthcare systems,known as the Medical 4.0 paradigm,has brought about a revolutionary transformation in the medical field.Thus,to incorporate these advanced technologies systematically and effectively into the healthcare sector,it is imperative to prioritise key enabling factors.This strategic approach streamlines resource allocation,risk management,and the achievement of significant outcomes.In this context,ten crucial enablers play pivotal roles:Policy Support,enhanced diagnostics and treatment,patient-centric care,telehealth and Telemedicine,Internet of Things devices,artificial intelligence,cloud computing,genomics and precision medicine,Cybersecurity,and industry collaboration.This paper introduces and delves into the primary technologies driving this transformative process.The importance of these critical enablers in driving success is assessed using the fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy MARCOS methods,which established a quantitative framework for decision-making and prioritisation within the Medical 4.0 landscape.A comprehensive set of evaluation criteria is proposed,encompassing cost-effectiveness,adaptability,risk mitigation,Data Privacy,interoperability,ease of implementation,stakeholder acceptance,environmental impact,supplier and partner compatibility,and regulatory compliance.This research enhances our comprehension of the dynamics propelling the implementation of Medical 4.0,providing valuable insights to unlock the potential of technology-driven healthcare advancements.By employing the fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy MARCOS methods,a quantifiable model is established to guide decision-making and prioritise efforts within the expansive Medical 4.0 domain.The results are further validated through a sensitivity analysis.This research offers invaluable insights to both industry professionals and researchers looking to harness the possibilities offered by technology-driven advancements in healthcare.
基金Australian National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC)Investigator Grant(2008379).
文摘Background Many guidelines recommend non-drug interventions(NDIs)for managing common conditions in primary care.However,compared with drug interventions,NDIs are less widely known,promoted and used.We aim to(1)examine general practitioners’(GPs’)knowledge,attitudes and practices for NDIs,including their use of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners(RACGP)Handbook of Non-Drug Interventions(HANDI),and(2)identify factors influencing their use of NDIs and HANDI.Methods We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of practicing GP members in Australia during October-November 2022.The survey contained five sections:characteristics of GP;knowledge and use of NDIs;attitudes towards NDIs;barriers and enablers to using HANDI;and suggestions of NDIs and ideas to improve the uptake of NDIs in primary care.Results Of the 366 GPs who completed the survey,242(66%)were female,and 248(74%)were≥45 years old.One in three GPs reported that they regularly(‘always’)recommend NDIs to their patients when appropriate(34%),whereas one-third of GPs were unaware of HANDI(39%).GPs identified several factors that improve the uptake of HANDI,including‘access and integration of HANDI in clinical practice’,‘content and support to use in practice’and‘awareness and training’.Conclusions While many GPs are aware of the effectiveness of NDIs and often endorse their use,obstacles still prevent widespread adoption in primary care.The results of this survey can serve as a foundation for developing implementation strategies to improve the uptake of effective evidence-based NDIs in primary care.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12234009,12474328,12074196,11922406,and 12074197)。
文摘High-dimensional(HD)entanglement of photonic orbital angular momentum(OAM)is pivotal for advancing quantum communication and information processing,but its characterization remains significant challenges due to the complexity of quantum state tomography and experimental limitations such as low photon counts caused by losses.Here,we propose a pre-trained physics-informed neural network(PTPINN)framework that enables efficient and rapid reconstruction of HD-OAM entangled states under low photon counts.Experimental results show that the fidelity of five-dimensional OAM entanglement reaches F=0.958±0.010 even with an exposure time as short as 50 ms.This highlights the capability of PTPINN to achieve high-precision quantum state reconstruction with limited photons,owing to its innovative designs,thus overcoming the reliance on high photon counts typical of traditional methods.Our method provides a practical and scalable solution for high-fidelity characterization of HD-OAM entanglement in environments with low photon numbers and high noise,paving the way for robust long-distance quantum information transmission.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:71771061).
文摘This study investigated the application and the application value of intelligent emergency in emergency management in the big data environment.It addresses the neglect of the application value(performance)measurement of intelligent emergency,further improving the effectiveness of intelligent emergency management.First,approximately 3,900 documents from the intelligent emergency field are analyzed to determine the future research trend in intelligent emergency management.The socio-technical theory concerning technical and social systems is introduced.The emergency management system concepts of“technology enabling”and“enabling value creation”are defined according to bibliometric analysis and socio-technical theory.Second,a research framework that includes technology enabling and enabling value creation for the decision-making paradigm in emergency management according to the big data environment is constructed.A detailed analysis approach from intelligent emergency technology enabling to enabling value creation in emergency management is proposed.Finally,earthquake disasters are taken as examples,and specific analyses of the intelligent emergency enabling and enabling value creation are explored;enabling value creation is discussed based on measurable indicators.The clear concept of emergency management system technology enabling and enabling value creation,as well as the detailed analysis approach from intelligent emergency technology enabling to enabling value creation,provide a theoretical bases for scholars and practitioners to evaluate the value(performance)of intelligent emergency for the first time.
基金funded by the Israel Science Foundation(grants No.1036/12 and 1228/20)(to OES).
文摘Translation regulation is an important layer of gene expression:Generation of genome-wide expression datasets at multi-omics levels in spatial,temporal,and cell-type resolution is essential for deciphering brain complexity.Regulation of gene expression is a highly dynamic process aiming at the production of precise levels of gene products to guarantee optimal cellular function,in response to physiological cues.Speedy advances in next-generation sequencing enabled the understanding of epigenomic and transcriptomic dynamic landscapes of different brain regions along development,aging,and disease progression.However,the correlation of the“transcriptome”with protein levels is poor because numerous mRNAs are subjected to manipulation of their translation efficiency,to warrant a favorable result under certain conditions.Hence,it is widely accepted that regulation at the translation level is a vital layer of gene expression.Quantification of actively translated mRNA populations(i.e.,“translatome”)is a more reliable predictor of the“proteome”(Wang et al.,2020).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.62276089。
文摘Artificial neural networks are capable of machine learning by simulating the hiera rchical structure of the human brain.To enable learning by brain and machine,it is essential to accurately identify and correct the prediction errors,referred to as credit assignment(Lillicrap et al.,2020).It is critical to develop artificial intelligence by understanding how the brain deals with credit assignment in neuroscience.
文摘Digital avatars have become a standard feature on e-commerce platforms.As virtual hosts,they emulate human behavior,broadcast live programs without interruption,and present“Made in China”products to foreign consumers,thanks to their proficiency in multiple languages.The impressive efficiency of these digital avatars is made possible by the colossal computing power that enables them to perform their functions.“This year,the storage requirements of the digital avatars have increased significantly,by approximately 500 times compared to last year.The current local storage capacity is no longer sufficient.”
文摘The high-luminosity Superτ-Charm Factory(STCF)will be a crucial facility for charm-physics research,particularly for the precise measurement of electroweak parameters,measuring D^(0)-D^(-)^(0)mixing parameters,investigating conjugation–parity(CP)violation within the charm sector,searching for the rare and forbidden decays of charmed hadrons,and addressing other foundational questions related to charmed hadrons.With the world’s largest charm-threshold data,the STCF aims to achieve high sensitivity in studying the strong phase of neutral D mesons using quantum correlation,complementing studies at LHCb and Belle II,and contributing to the understanding of CP violations globally.The STCF will also enable world-leading precision in measuring the leptonic decays of charmed mesons and baryons,providing constraints on the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix and strong-force dynamics.Additionally,the STCF will explore charmed hadron spectroscopy.The advanced detector and clean experimental environment of the STCF will enable unprecedented precision,help address key challenges in the Standard Model,and facilitate the search for potential new physics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2602103 and 2023YFA1008900)。
文摘Road infrastructure is facing significant digitalization challenges within the context of new infrastructure construction in China and worldwide.Among the advanced digital technologies,digital twin(DT)has gained prominence across various engineering sectors,including the manufacturing and construction industries.Specifically,road engineering has demonstrated a growing interest in DT and has achieved promising results in DT-related applications over the past several years.This paper systematically introduces the development of DT and examines its current state in road engineering by reviewing research articles on DT-enabling technologies,such as model creation,condition sensing,data processing,and interaction,as well as its applications throughout the lifecycle of road infrastructure.The findings indicate that research has primarily focused on data perception and virtual model creation,while realtime data processing and interaction between physical and virtual models remain underexplored.DT in road engineering has been predominantly applied during the operation and maintenance phases,with limited attention given to the construction and demolition phases.Future efforts should focus on establishing uniform standards,developing innovative perception and data interaction techniques,optimizing development costs,and expanding the scope of lifecycle applications to facilitate the digital transformation of road engineering.This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art advancements in this field and paves the way for leveraging DT in road infrastructure lifecycle management.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62293511 and 62402256)in part by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(ZR2024MF100)+1 种基金in part by the Taishan Scholars Program(tsqn202408239)in part by the Open Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology,Zhejiang University,China(ICT2025B13).
文摘1.Data security in smart manufacturing The global manufacturing sector is undergoing a digital transformation as traditional systems-reliant on physical assets such as raw materials and labor-struggle to meet demands for greater flexibility and efficiency.The integration of advanced information technology facilitates smart manufacturing(SM),which optimizes production,management,and supply chains[1].
文摘Currently,driven by the accelerated iteration of digital technologies such as big data,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence,the digital economy has become a crucial engine for generating new quality productive forces and promoting industrial upgrading.Building on a systematic review of the theoretical evolution and measurement methods of the digital economy and new quality productive forces,this paper outlines their enabling mechanisms,industrial synergy pathways,and policy practices,and summarizes regional disparities and spatial spillover effects.The main findings are as follows:First,the digital economy reshapes the traditional factor structure and significantly enhances total factor productivity through the permeation of data elements and technological innovation;Second,driven jointly by the consumer internet and the industrial internet,it optimizes supply–demand matching and service models while reducing operating costs and improving production efficiency;Third,policy environments and institutional coordination amplify the enabling effects,as evidenced notably in national big-data pilot zones and the“East Data West Computing”initiative.Looking ahead,empirical research should deepen the exploration of micro-level mechanisms and dynamic panel analyses,construct a measurement system of new quality productive forces that spans macro,meso,and micro scales,and investigate pathways for regional collaborative governance and green digital integration to address the complex challenges of the new era.
文摘Artificial intelligence (AI) is almo st everywhere due to the rapid development of modern technology and popularity of intelligent devices.While control theory and machine learning techniques as two enabling technologies have shown enormous power in their own right,a rapprochement of them is required to handle nonlinearity,uncertainty and scalability induced by high complexity of modern systems,huge quantity of real-time data,and large scale of agent networks.Journal of Automation and Intelligence (JAI) aims to provide a platform for researchers and practitioners from both academia and industry to exchange their ideas and present new developments across multiple disciplines relevant to automation and artificial intelligence with particular attention to machine learning.
基金High-level talent start-up fund project of Gan Dong University,Research on Ideological and Political Education of Higher Mathematics under the Leadership of Educator Spirit(Project No.:12225000408)。
文摘Under the strategy of building an educational power country,the reform of higher mathematics teaching should take into account both value guidance and digital innovation.This study,guided by the“educationalist spirit”,explores the integration of course ideological education into teaching and leverages digital innovation for empowerment.Analyzing the literature reveals that there is a gap in the connection between the“educationalist spirit”theory and the“digital and intelligent technology”practice.Therefore,a“spiritual guidance–technological empowerment”dual-wheel driving model is proposed,along with the corresponding framework and path.Research shows that this model can enhance teaching effectiveness and educational quality,providing an integrated path for cultivating top-notch innovative talents.
基金supported by the National Research Council of Sri Lanka(Grant No.NRC TO 16-07).
文摘Decision Support Tool(DST)enables farmers to make site-specific crop management decisions;however,comprehensive calibration can be both costly and time-consuming.This study assessed the production and economic benefits of two calibrations of the Nutrient Expert(NE)tool for rice in Sri Lanka’s Alfisols:the basic calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 1,NESL1)and the comprehensive calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 2,NESL2).NESL1 was developed by adapting the South Indian version of NE to local conditions,while NESL2 was an updated version,using three years of data from 71 farmer fields.
