A project of electrical rocket engine of the future, which operates on principle of a magnetoplasmadynamic engine, is being considered. New concept of the superconducting magnetic system, stipulating installation of e...A project of electrical rocket engine of the future, which operates on principle of a magnetoplasmadynamic engine, is being considered. New concept of the superconducting magnetic system, stipulating installation of external field winding, in which the current is directed parallel to longitudinal axis of the engine, makes it possible to increase the magnitude of the transversal magnetic field in working chamber, to decrease the rated current and to raise the engine efficiency. On the basis of equations that describe the process of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, a mathematical model has been composed with whose help the characteristics of magnetoplasma engine having conventional design and the characteristics of the engine being developed in the project have been determined. Conducted research has shown that new design increases engine efficiency from 50% up to 91%. The project also contains a consideration of the new engine design with movable cathode and with cathode having forced cooling which helps to reduce carryover of cathode mass and to increase lifetime by several times. In conclusion, the results of calculations and constructive development of electrorocket engine for flight towards planet Jupiter, which creates tractive force of 250 N at 2500 kW power, are given.展开更多
A project of spacecraft “moonplane” for regular delivery of astronauts onto the Moon is considered. At the first stage of flight by using a carrier rocket, equipped with a chemical rocket engine, the astronauts are ...A project of spacecraft “moonplane” for regular delivery of astronauts onto the Moon is considered. At the first stage of flight by using a carrier rocket, equipped with a chemical rocket engine, the astronauts are delivered on the international space station ISS. For flights from Earth orbit into Moon orbit, the design of a moonplane “MOND”, consisting of an interorbital module and a lunar module, has been developed. The interorbital module is an electric rocket, equipped with four superconductive magnetoplasma engine MARS. To power supply of the electromotors, a solar battery of gallium arsenide is used. The design of the lunar module with cabin astronauts, which is equipped with a chemical rocket engine for landing and take-off from the surface of the Moon, is developed. A method and a device for refuelling of the electrical rocket engines with nitrogen and for refuelling of the chemical rocket engines with oxygen and hydrogen, which are stored in cryogenic tanks of the moonplane in the liquid state is developed. The developed spacecraft is capable to regularly transport four astronauts off a moorage of ISS onto the surface of the Moon and back during 6 days. The total cost delivery of one astronaut is 4 million US dollars.展开更多
A project of the expedition to the north pole of Mars, which is carried out in two stages, has been developed. In the first stage, a space refueller and a mobile solar battery are delivered to the icy surface of the n...A project of the expedition to the north pole of Mars, which is carried out in two stages, has been developed. In the first stage, a space refueller and a mobile solar battery are delivered to the icy surface of the north pole of Mars. The delivery is carried out with the help of electric rocket ER-7, driven by the electric rocket engine “MARS”, and the source of electricity is a solar battery from gallium arsenide. In the second stage, the space train is formed from two interconnected ER-7 rockets and an orbital takeoff-landing capsule TLC-2, in which three astronauts land on the surface and carry out a complex of physical, biological and geological researches on Mars surface. The space refueller has been developed, which melts the water ice on the surface of Mars and with the help of an electrolyser and a liquefier produces fuel and oxidizer for the operation of the chemical rocket engine of the takeoff-landing capsule. To move astronauts from the north pole to the equator, a spacecraft—?marsoplane, which consists of the electric rocket ER-7 and the takeoff-landing capsule TLC-1 is developed. The duration of the expedition is 110 days at a cost of 2 billion dollars.展开更多
A project of the space cruise over the route “Earth-Mars-Earth” is considered. Design of electric rocket train, whose energy source is a semiconductor solar panel and a superconducting electrorocket engine (MARS) of...A project of the space cruise over the route “Earth-Mars-Earth” is considered. Design of electric rocket train, whose energy source is a semiconductor solar panel and a superconducting electrorocket engine (MARS) of new design is used as a mover, is developed. The concept of the cruise, which allows to reduce time of interorbital flight in twice, owing to refueling with working body on orbit of Mars, is developed. Development of the space locomotive with 4 MARS engines rated at 600 kW in which nitrogen is used as working substance, was being carried out. A new design of takeoff-landing capsule, in which cabin can be placed 10 space tourists, is developed. The studies carried out on the mathematical model, which takes into account the changing of power provided by onboard power plant, depending on the distance from the Sun, has shown that cruise may be done within 77 days including the stay of tourists on the Martian surface during 7 days. The project provides for implementation three cruises on the surface of Mars and 15 cruises on the lunar surface during two years with total cost of 2.2 billion dollars.展开更多
A project of the space train MARSZUG intended for regular delivery of astronauts to Mars is considered. In the first stage of the flight, the astronauts with the help of the carrier rocket equipped with a chemical roc...A project of the space train MARSZUG intended for regular delivery of astronauts to Mars is considered. In the first stage of the flight, the astronauts with the help of the carrier rocket equipped with a chemical rocket engine are delivered to the international space station (ISS). To deliver astronauts from Earth’s orbit to Mars orbit, a space train design consisting of two rockets, which have superconductive magnetoplasma electric engine MARS, has been developed. For the first time, a combined propulsion system MARS-M has been developed for the train movement, allowing<span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">carrying out the pitching, yaw and rotation of the rocket. This greatly simplifies the rocket control system and increases its reliability. The energy source of the electric engines is a sliding solar panel made of gallium arsenide. Working substance to create reactive thrust of electrorocket engines—hydrogen is stored in a liquid state in the cryogenic tank located along the longitudinal axis of the rocket. In the nasal part of the front electric rocket, a shaft rotating in a superconductive bearing is located. The shaft has a cylindrical nozzle, on which with the help of docking units two takeoff-landing capsules TLC-1 and TLC-2 are installed with which help landing and takeoff from the surface of Mars is carried out. This allows astronauts to constantly stay during the flight under the influence of gravity. To refuel the space train with liquid hydrogen in the orbit of Mars, the design of a space refueler with a chemical rocket engine is developed. The developed space train is able to regularly deliver astronauts to the surface near the northern pole of Mars.</span>展开更多
The project of “Mercuryplane”</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">—</span><span><span ...The project of “Mercuryplane”</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">—</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a spacecraft for regular delivery of astronauts to the planet Mercury is considered. In the first stage of the flight, with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the help of a carrier rocket, equipped with a chemical rocket engine, astronauts</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> are delivered to the international space station ISS. A design consisting of an interorbital module and a takeoff-landing capsule has been developed to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">deliver astronauts from Earth’s orbit into Mercury’s orbit. The interor</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">bital module is an electric rocket equipped with 8 superconductor magnetoplasma electric engines MARS type. The electric power supply for the engines is provided by a collapsible solar panel made of gallium arsenide. The design of the takeoff-landing capsule has been developed for landing and take-off from the surface of Mercury. A device has been developed to refuel in Earth’s orbit the electric rocket engines with nitrogen, and chemical rocket engines with oxygen and hydrogen, which are in liquid state The developed spacecraft is able to regularly deliver three astronauts from Earth orbit to the surface of Mercury within 35 days.展开更多
文摘A project of electrical rocket engine of the future, which operates on principle of a magnetoplasmadynamic engine, is being considered. New concept of the superconducting magnetic system, stipulating installation of external field winding, in which the current is directed parallel to longitudinal axis of the engine, makes it possible to increase the magnitude of the transversal magnetic field in working chamber, to decrease the rated current and to raise the engine efficiency. On the basis of equations that describe the process of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, a mathematical model has been composed with whose help the characteristics of magnetoplasma engine having conventional design and the characteristics of the engine being developed in the project have been determined. Conducted research has shown that new design increases engine efficiency from 50% up to 91%. The project also contains a consideration of the new engine design with movable cathode and with cathode having forced cooling which helps to reduce carryover of cathode mass and to increase lifetime by several times. In conclusion, the results of calculations and constructive development of electrorocket engine for flight towards planet Jupiter, which creates tractive force of 250 N at 2500 kW power, are given.
文摘A project of spacecraft “moonplane” for regular delivery of astronauts onto the Moon is considered. At the first stage of flight by using a carrier rocket, equipped with a chemical rocket engine, the astronauts are delivered on the international space station ISS. For flights from Earth orbit into Moon orbit, the design of a moonplane “MOND”, consisting of an interorbital module and a lunar module, has been developed. The interorbital module is an electric rocket, equipped with four superconductive magnetoplasma engine MARS. To power supply of the electromotors, a solar battery of gallium arsenide is used. The design of the lunar module with cabin astronauts, which is equipped with a chemical rocket engine for landing and take-off from the surface of the Moon, is developed. A method and a device for refuelling of the electrical rocket engines with nitrogen and for refuelling of the chemical rocket engines with oxygen and hydrogen, which are stored in cryogenic tanks of the moonplane in the liquid state is developed. The developed spacecraft is capable to regularly transport four astronauts off a moorage of ISS onto the surface of the Moon and back during 6 days. The total cost delivery of one astronaut is 4 million US dollars.
文摘A project of the expedition to the north pole of Mars, which is carried out in two stages, has been developed. In the first stage, a space refueller and a mobile solar battery are delivered to the icy surface of the north pole of Mars. The delivery is carried out with the help of electric rocket ER-7, driven by the electric rocket engine “MARS”, and the source of electricity is a solar battery from gallium arsenide. In the second stage, the space train is formed from two interconnected ER-7 rockets and an orbital takeoff-landing capsule TLC-2, in which three astronauts land on the surface and carry out a complex of physical, biological and geological researches on Mars surface. The space refueller has been developed, which melts the water ice on the surface of Mars and with the help of an electrolyser and a liquefier produces fuel and oxidizer for the operation of the chemical rocket engine of the takeoff-landing capsule. To move astronauts from the north pole to the equator, a spacecraft—?marsoplane, which consists of the electric rocket ER-7 and the takeoff-landing capsule TLC-1 is developed. The duration of the expedition is 110 days at a cost of 2 billion dollars.
文摘A project of the space cruise over the route “Earth-Mars-Earth” is considered. Design of electric rocket train, whose energy source is a semiconductor solar panel and a superconducting electrorocket engine (MARS) of new design is used as a mover, is developed. The concept of the cruise, which allows to reduce time of interorbital flight in twice, owing to refueling with working body on orbit of Mars, is developed. Development of the space locomotive with 4 MARS engines rated at 600 kW in which nitrogen is used as working substance, was being carried out. A new design of takeoff-landing capsule, in which cabin can be placed 10 space tourists, is developed. The studies carried out on the mathematical model, which takes into account the changing of power provided by onboard power plant, depending on the distance from the Sun, has shown that cruise may be done within 77 days including the stay of tourists on the Martian surface during 7 days. The project provides for implementation three cruises on the surface of Mars and 15 cruises on the lunar surface during two years with total cost of 2.2 billion dollars.
文摘A project of the space train MARSZUG intended for regular delivery of astronauts to Mars is considered. In the first stage of the flight, the astronauts with the help of the carrier rocket equipped with a chemical rocket engine are delivered to the international space station (ISS). To deliver astronauts from Earth’s orbit to Mars orbit, a space train design consisting of two rockets, which have superconductive magnetoplasma electric engine MARS, has been developed. For the first time, a combined propulsion system MARS-M has been developed for the train movement, allowing<span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">carrying out the pitching, yaw and rotation of the rocket. This greatly simplifies the rocket control system and increases its reliability. The energy source of the electric engines is a sliding solar panel made of gallium arsenide. Working substance to create reactive thrust of electrorocket engines—hydrogen is stored in a liquid state in the cryogenic tank located along the longitudinal axis of the rocket. In the nasal part of the front electric rocket, a shaft rotating in a superconductive bearing is located. The shaft has a cylindrical nozzle, on which with the help of docking units two takeoff-landing capsules TLC-1 and TLC-2 are installed with which help landing and takeoff from the surface of Mars is carried out. This allows astronauts to constantly stay during the flight under the influence of gravity. To refuel the space train with liquid hydrogen in the orbit of Mars, the design of a space refueler with a chemical rocket engine is developed. The developed space train is able to regularly deliver astronauts to the surface near the northern pole of Mars.</span>
文摘The project of “Mercuryplane”</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">—</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a spacecraft for regular delivery of astronauts to the planet Mercury is considered. In the first stage of the flight, with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the help of a carrier rocket, equipped with a chemical rocket engine, astronauts</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> are delivered to the international space station ISS. A design consisting of an interorbital module and a takeoff-landing capsule has been developed to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">deliver astronauts from Earth’s orbit into Mercury’s orbit. The interor</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">bital module is an electric rocket equipped with 8 superconductor magnetoplasma electric engines MARS type. The electric power supply for the engines is provided by a collapsible solar panel made of gallium arsenide. The design of the takeoff-landing capsule has been developed for landing and take-off from the surface of Mercury. A device has been developed to refuel in Earth’s orbit the electric rocket engines with nitrogen, and chemical rocket engines with oxygen and hydrogen, which are in liquid state The developed spacecraft is able to regularly deliver three astronauts from Earth orbit to the surface of Mercury within 35 days.
