Phosphorylated sugars,recognized as central intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and critical precursors for enzymatic synthesis of rare sugars,face significant technical barriers in their industrialscale producti...Phosphorylated sugars,recognized as central intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and critical precursors for enzymatic synthesis of rare sugars,face significant technical barriers in their industrialscale production.The multi-enzymatic preparation systems for these compounds inherently accumulate complex impurities,including protein-based catalysts,residual substrates,and oligosaccharide byproducts,posing persistent challenges in product separation and biocatalyst recycling.To address this limitation,we conducted a systematic investigation of ultrafiltration-based separation strategies during the multi-enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate(FDP),with particular emphasis on membrane fouling mechanisms.By screening the ultrafiltration membranes,UE020 showed the best performance in the model system,achieving significant separation targets:99.97% retention of bovine serum albumin,FDP/maltodextrin separation coefficient of 7.41,and FDP recovery of 93.63%.An analysis of the components of resistance revealed that concentration polarization induced by maltodextrin was the main factor constituting the resistance,irreversible resistance due to bovine serum albumin was a secondary effect,and the resistance constituted by FDP was negligible.A mitigation strategy employing powdered activated carbon for dynamic membrane formation significantly improved system performance,reducing irreversible resistance by 59.14% and enhancing flux recovery by 20.85%.In this study,ultrafiltration was strategically employed to achieve efficient separation of FDP and enzyme recovery.Significantly,we deciphered the synergistic fouling mechanisms arising from interactions within the multicomponent system containing phosphorylated sugars,oligosaccharides,and proteins.These findings provide a mechanistic framework for scaling up multi-enzymatic systems dedicated to phosphorylated sugar biosynthesis,effectively bridging the gap between laboratory-scale synthesis and industrial implementation.展开更多
The limitations of swirl separation in removing microfine oil droplets in water have driven the development of hydrocyclone technology coupled with multiphase or multifield techniques.To enhance microfine oil droplets...The limitations of swirl separation in removing microfine oil droplets in water have driven the development of hydrocyclone technology coupled with multiphase or multifield techniques.To enhance microfine oil droplets separation,a novel hydrocyclone separation coupled with fiber coalescence(HCCFC) was designed.The interaction between fiber balls and oil droplets inside the hydrocyclone,including droplet coalescence and breakage,was investigated.The influence of different operating parameters on separation efficiency was discussed.The results showed that fiber balls promoted oil droplet coalescence when the inlet droplet size(D_(43)) was below 22.37 μm but caused droplet breakage above this threshold.The coalescence performance of HCCFC improved with increasing inlet oil content but declined beyond 450 mg·L^(-1).Separation experiments confirmed that HCCFC outperformed conventional hydrocyclone,with separation efficiency increasing by 2.9% to 20.0%.As the fiber ball content and inlet flow rate increased,the separation efficiency showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Additionally,HCCFC's separation efficiency varied with inlet oil droplet size distribution,showing the most significant enhancement when D_(43) was 22.37 μm,where separation efficiency increased by 14.4%.These findings offer insights into the development and application of multiphase coupled with hydrocyclone technology.展开更多
CuBi_(2)O_(4)(CBO)photocathodes hold significant promise for efficient photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting due to their favorable band gap and theoretical onset potential.However,their practical application is hi...CuBi_(2)O_(4)(CBO)photocathodes hold significant promise for efficient photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting due to their favorable band gap and theoretical onset potential.However,their practical application is hindered by poor charge separation efficiency.Herein,we introduce a characteristic in-situ solution Fe-doping strategy that markedly improves photoelectrochemical performance of CBO,doubling the photocurrent density and achieving an unprecedented 190 mV anodic shift in the onset potential.By integrating with an electrochemical oxidation post-treatment,a record incident photon-to-current efficiency(IPCE)exceeding 40% at 0.6 V vs.RHE under visible light illumination is achieved.The versatility of the doping strategy is demonstrated across CBO photocathodes synthesized by different methods with various morphologies,grain sizes,and crystallinities.Mechanistic studies reveal that the gradient distribution of Fe^(3+)ions generates an internal electric field that facilitates efficient charge separation and increases acceptor density.The strong Fe-O bonding also enhances structural stability against photoinduced corrosion.Notably,our investigation uncovers the non-temperature-dependent nature of CBO photocurrent,indicating that PEC performance enhancement primarily depends on reducing carrier recombination rather than improving bulk conductivity.This work lays the groundwork for future advancements in water splitting performance of CBO photocathodes,offering a complementary strategy to conventional methods for enhancing charge separation efficiency.展开更多
Sand production often leads to the failure of production equipment on offshore platform.Therefore,a new idea has been put forward,which is installing cyclone or baffle in the internal of the slug catcher for better sa...Sand production often leads to the failure of production equipment on offshore platform.Therefore,a new idea has been put forward,which is installing cyclone or baffle in the internal of the slug catcher for better sand control.In this paper,an experimental study is presented,which mainly includes sand particles accumulation shape,migration law and separation performance.The results suggest that the accumulation area is mainly divided into two zones:the crowded settlement zone and the free settlement zone.The crowded settlement zone has a special shape,which can be characterized by two parameters:accumulation length and accumulation angle.Axial sampling analysis shows obvious particle classification.Median particle size decreases with the increase of the axial distance,and the range of particle size distribution narrows gradually.The separation experiment shows that the gas velocity has the greatest influence on the separation efficiency.When the gas velocity is 14 m·s^ 1,the separation efficiency drops sharply,which can be abated by installing cyclone separator.In addition,the separation efficiency tends to be a constant under different gas velocities by installing baffle with appropriate height.Then the effectiveness and rationality of installing internal components can be strongly proved.All these provide important guidance for maximizing the sand control function of the slug catcher.展开更多
To improve the efficiency of iron recovery from steel slag and reduce the wear-and-tear on facilities, a new method was proposed by adding a secondary screen sizer to the magnetic separation process according to grain...To improve the efficiency of iron recovery from steel slag and reduce the wear-and-tear on facilities, a new method was proposed by adding a secondary screen sizer to the magnetic separation process according to grain size distribution of magnetic iron （M-Fe） in the slag. The final recycling efficiency was evaluated by calculating the percentage of recycled M-Fe to the maximum amount of M-Fe that could be recovered. Three types of slags, namely basic oxygen furnace slag, desul- furization slag, and iron ladle slag, were studied, and the results showed that the optimized re- covery efficieneies were 93.20%, 92. 48%, and 85.82% respectively, and the recycling efficien eies were improved by 9.58%, 7.11%, and 6.24% respectively. Furthermore, the abrasion between the mill equipment and the remaining slags was significantly reduced owing to the efficient recovery of larger M-Fe particles. In addition, the using amount of grinding balls was reduced by 0. 46 kg when every 1 t steel slag was processed.展开更多
One-dimensional silver nanocrystals （AgNCs） have been prepared by a polyol process using sodium hydroxide and nitric acid at a constant silver source concentration. Results indicate that the acidity- basicity plays ...One-dimensional silver nanocrystals （AgNCs） have been prepared by a polyol process using sodium hydroxide and nitric acid at a constant silver source concentration. Results indicate that the acidity- basicity plays an important role in silver-nanocrystal formation. Different morphologies of AgNCs were synthesized by changing the NaOH or HNO3 amount. We demonstrate that nearly monodisperse silver nanocrystals can be separated from polydisperse samples using density gradient centrifugation separation （DGCS）. We also demonstrate that the separated AgNCs can be used as substrates for surface- enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） spectroscopy. The separation approach provides a method of improving the nanocrystal quality produced by large-scale synthetic methods.展开更多
The continuous separation of inclusions from aluminum melt flowing in a circular pipe using a high frequency magnetic field was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The separation efficiency was calcula...The continuous separation of inclusions from aluminum melt flowing in a circular pipe using a high frequency magnetic field was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The separation efficiency was calculated based on the trajectory method and compared with experimental results. It is found that the separation efficiency is a function ofnondimensional parameters ti . The effective way to improve the separation efficiency is to increase the effective magnetic flux density and decrease the pipe radius, and the value of should be kept about 2 in order to obtain the optimum separation efficiency.展开更多
Galena(PbS)and chalcopyrite(CuFeS_(2))are sulfide minerals that exhibit good floatability characteristics.Thus,efficiently separating them via common flotation is challenging.Herein,a new method of surface sulfuric ac...Galena(PbS)and chalcopyrite(CuFeS_(2))are sulfide minerals that exhibit good floatability characteristics.Thus,efficiently separating them via common flotation is challenging.Herein,a new method of surface sulfuric acid corrosion in conjunction with flotation separation was proposed,and the efficient separation of galena and chalcopyrite was successfully realized.Contact angle test results showed a substantial decrease in surface contact angle and a selective inhibition of surface floatability for corroded galena.Meanwhile,the contact angle and floatability of corroded chalcopyrite remained almost unaffected.Scanning electron microscope results confirmed that sulfuric acid corrosion led to the formation of a dense oxide layer on the galena surface,whereas the chalcopyrite surface remained unaltered.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the chemical state of S^(2-)on the surface of corroded galena was oxidized to SO_(4)^(2-).A layer of hydrophilic PbSO4was formed on the surface,leading to a sharp decrease in galena floatability.Meanwhile,new hydrophobic CuS_(2),CuS,and Cu_(1-x)Fe_(1-y)S_(2-z)species exhibiting good floatability were generated on the chalcopyrite surface.Finally,theoretical analysis results were further verified by corrosion–flotation separation experiments.The galena–chalcopyrite mixture was completely separated via flotation separation under appropriate corrosion acidity,corrosion temperature,and corrosion time.A novel approach has been outlined in this study,providing potential applications in the efficient separation of refractory copper–lead sulfide ore.展开更多
A miniature process for separating the oil phase from dilute oil/water emulsion is developed.This process applies a confined space apparatus,which is a thin flow channel made of two parallel plastic plates.The space b...A miniature process for separating the oil phase from dilute oil/water emulsion is developed.This process applies a confined space apparatus,which is a thin flow channel made of two parallel plastic plates.The space between the two plates is rather narrow to improve the collisions between oil droplets and the plate surface.Oil droplets have an affinity for the plate surface and thus are captured,and then coalesce onto the surface.The droplet size distribution of the residual emulsion resulted from the separation process is remarkably changed.The oil layer on the plate weakens the further separation of oil droplets from the emulsion.Three types of plate materials,polypropylene(PP),polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) and nylon 66,were used.It is found that PP is the best in terms of the oil separation efficiency and nylon 66 is the poorest.The interaction between droplets in the emulsion and plate surface is indicated by the spreading coefficient of oil droplet on the plate in aqueous environment,and the influences of formed oil layer and plate material on the separation efficiency are discussed.展开更多
Cell separation using microfluidics has become an effective method to isolate biological contaminants from bodily fluids and cell cultures,such as isolating bacteria contaminants from microalgae cultures and isolating...Cell separation using microfluidics has become an effective method to isolate biological contaminants from bodily fluids and cell cultures,such as isolating bacteria contaminants from microalgae cultures and isolating bacteria contaminants from white blood cells.In this study,bacterial cells were used as a model contaminant in microalgae culture in a passive microfluidics device,which relies on hydrodynamic forces to demonstrate the separation of microalgae from bacteria contaminants in U and W-shaped cross-section spiral microchannel fabricated by defocusing CO_(2) laser ablation.At a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min in the presence of glycine as bacteria chemoattractant,the spiral microfluidics devices with U and W-shaped cross-sections were able to isolate microalgae(Desmodesmus sp.)from bacteria(E.coli)with a high separation efficiency of 92%and 96%respectively.At the same flow rate,in the absence of glycine,the separation efficiency of microalgae for U-and W-shaped cross-sections was 91%and 96%,respectively.It was found that the spiral microchannel device with a W-shaped cross-section with a barrier in the center of the channel showed significantly higher separation efficiency.Spiral microchannel chips with U-or W-shaped cross-sections were easy to fabricate and exhibited high throughput.With these advantages,these devices could be widely applicable to other cell separation applications,such as separating circulating tumor cells from blood.展开更多
The high porosity,excellent water stability and optimized supramolecular host–vip interactions of MOFs are the three key factors for their potential practical applications in many important areas including gas stor...The high porosity,excellent water stability and optimized supramolecular host–vip interactions of MOFs are the three key factors for their potential practical applications in many important areas including gas storage/separation,catalysis and so on.In this study,we designed and constructed a highly porous(3,36)-connected txt-type acylamide-functionalized metal–organic framework(HNUST-8)from a pyridine-based acylamide-linking diisophthalate and dicopper(II)-paddlewheel clusters.展开更多
Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)into high-value C_(2)H_(4)offers a promising pathway toward carbon neutrality.Due to the continuous 12-electron-proton coupled reactions and the mutual repulsion of reaction intermedi...Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)into high-value C_(2)H_(4)offers a promising pathway toward carbon neutrality.Due to the continuous 12-electron-proton coupled reactions and the mutual repulsion of reaction intermediates,achieving highly selective photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)to C_(2)H_(4)remains challenging.This work synthesized a CuInS_(2)/CuS heterojunction photocatalyst mediated by a sulfur electron bridge via a one-step solvothermal method,achieving a high selectivity for C_(2)H_(4)conversion(98.22%).The sulfur electron bridge minimized the contact energy barrier between CuInS_(2)and CuS to enhance photogenerated carrier separation efficiency,while the asymmetric active sites in CuInS_(2)effectively reduced mutual repulsion of reaction intermediates.This work develops a hybrid catalytic system enabling synergistic regulation of reaction kinetics and thermodynamics,offering an innovative strategy for highly selective photocatalytic CO₂-to-C_(2)H_(4)production.展开更多
The structure, separation principle and feasibility research for a new type of vehicle air filter called the high speed rotary positive air filter were described. The analysis of the experimental data showed that the ...The structure, separation principle and feasibility research for a new type of vehicle air filter called the high speed rotary positive air filter were described. The analysis of the experimental data showed that the principle and structure of it were feasible and it possessed high separation efficiency and great self cleaning ability. Compared with the conventional air filter it also has lower air intake loss. So it is worth further practical research.展开更多
The safe storage and separation of acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))is difficult and essential,due to its explosive properties and wide usage for various industrial products.With a generally low energy cost,highly efficient adsor...The safe storage and separation of acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))is difficult and essential,due to its explosive properties and wide usage for various industrial products.With a generally low energy cost,highly efficient adsorption separation has been considered as a promising solution.Taking advantage of the inbuilt nature of a tunable pore space,a porous coordination polymer(NTU-56)was prepared from a selenium-containing carboxylate ligand and Cu2+ions.Triggered by water at different temperatures,NTU-56 transformed into two other porous frameworks(NTU-57 and NTU-58)with different topologies and pore environments.Single-component gas adsorption experiments showed that this new group of porous isomers featured systematically varied adsorption selectivity for C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2),two gases that have extremely similar molecular sizes and boiling points.More interestingly,among the isomers,NTU-58,a rare 2D,flexible,and water-stable framework,has the highest C_(2)H_(2) uptake(60 cm^(3) g^(-1))and C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2) selectivity(13.9,1/1,v/v,1 bar)at 273 K,derived from the synergetic effect of the unique pore sizes(4.5 and 5.5Å)and pore surface polarity,where the Cu^(2+)and selenium sites are exposed for preferred C_(2)H_(2) interactions.Efficient and recyclable C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2) separation was also confirmed via breakthrough experiments,even with wet feed-gas.展开更多
A bifunctional ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/Nb_(2)O_(5)(ZIS/NbO)photocatalyst was constructed by growing Nb_(2)O_(5) nanospheres on the petals of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) microspheres via a facile hydrothermal approach.The composite possessed ...A bifunctional ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/Nb_(2)O_(5)(ZIS/NbO)photocatalyst was constructed by growing Nb_(2)O_(5) nanospheres on the petals of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) microspheres via a facile hydrothermal approach.The composite possessed a direct Z-scheme heterostructure that was confirmed by in situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)and electron spin resonance(ESR)measurements.Owing to the good charge separation efficiency in the Z-scheme system,the lifetime of charge carriers in ZIS/NbO was obviously prolonged.Thus,the rate of hydrogen evolution for optimized ZIS/NbO was 2.8 and 1.8 times higher than that of Nb_(2)O_(5) and ZnIn_(2)S_(4),respectively.Furthermore,the ZIS/NbO also showed good performance for the oxidation of biomassderived intermediate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)to value-added products.More importantly,the coupled photocatalytic H_(2) reduction and HMF oxidation were achieved on the ZIS/NbO Z-scheme heterostructure at the same time.Due to the presence of a direct Z-scheme heterojunction that prevents the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes in the composite,the ZIS/NbO displayed excellent photocatalytic performance.Our findings are expected to offer a broad optical window for fabricating bifunctional heterostructured composites for coupled photocatalytic reduction and oxidation.展开更多
Correction for‘Insight into the relationship between redox ability and separation efficiency via the case ofα-Bi_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7)’by Jie-hao Li et al.,Inorg.Chem.Front.,2022,9,3578–3589,https://doi.org/1...Correction for‘Insight into the relationship between redox ability and separation efficiency via the case ofα-Bi_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7)’by Jie-hao Li et al.,Inorg.Chem.Front.,2022,9,3578–3589,https://doi.org/10.1039/D2QI00731B.展开更多
Constructing heterostructured photocatalysts will generally improve the separation efficiency of photoinduced carriers;however,the change in the energy band position that affects their redox ability has received littl...Constructing heterostructured photocatalysts will generally improve the separation efficiency of photoinduced carriers;however,the change in the energy band position that affects their redox ability has received little attention. In this work,α-Bi_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) heterojunctions are prepared via solution combustion synthesis and characterized by UV-vis DRS,Mott–Schottky and Kelvin probes,and the band structures of α-Bi_(2)O_(3) and Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) before and after the formation of the heterojunction are obtained. The results of the degradation of rhodamine B and tetracycline indicate that the main active species are holes and superoxide anion radicals,respectively. Although separation efficiency over heterojunctions is higher than that over individual Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) and α-Bi_(2)O_(3),lower degradation ability is observed. The reason is that the heterojunction formation causes an upward shift of the valence band of Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) and a downward shift of the conduction band of α-Bi_(2)O_(3),which reduces the oxidation ability of holes and the ability to activate molecular oxygen,respectively. The decrease in the redox ability outweighs the positive impact of enhanced separation efficiency.展开更多
The charge separation efficiency is a pivotal factor for photocatalytic progress.Herein,an innovative approach was used to construct a novel CdS/Bi_(4)TaO_(8)Cl Z-scheme photocatalyst.To ensure the transmission of the...The charge separation efficiency is a pivotal factor for photocatalytic progress.Herein,an innovative approach was used to construct a novel CdS/Bi_(4)TaO_(8)Cl Z-scheme photocatalyst.To ensure the transmission of the carriers following the route of the Z-scheme,a facet engineering strategy and facet-dependent heterojunction design were performed for the synthesis of the catalyst.展开更多
Existing photocatalysts face several challenges in producing hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),including low photogenerated carrier separation,the need for sacrificial agents,and the difficulty of recovering powdered samp...Existing photocatalysts face several challenges in producing hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),including low photogenerated carrier separation,the need for sacrificial agents,and the difficulty of recovering powdered samples.In this work,we achieved high-efficiency H_(2)O_(2)production in pure water by constructing Z-scheme heterojunctions of 2D MOF/In_(2)S_(3)film,which enhanced the separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers and allowed for easy recycling.The Al/In15%composite exhibited a superior photocatalytic performance of 422.88μmol g-1 h^(-1)H_(2)O_(2),which is 2.44 times higher than that of pure Al-TCPP.The superior photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the heterojunction creating a built-in electric field that facilitates space charge separation and transfer,effectively inhibiting photogenerated carrier recombination.The powdered samples were loaded onto a PTFE film,which allowed for easy recovery from the photocatalytic system and demonstrated excellent stability,providing an effective strategy for recovering powder-based photocatalysts.This study provides a new approach for solving the problems of poor carrier separation capacity and the challenging recovery of photocatalysts by constructing a Z-scheme heterojunction thin film,realizing the efficient use of solar energy to produce H_(2)O_(2)in pure water.展开更多
Under the background of increasingly scarce ore worldwide and increasingly fierce market competition,developing the mining industry could be strongly restricted.Intelligent ore sorting equipment not only improves ore ...Under the background of increasingly scarce ore worldwide and increasingly fierce market competition,developing the mining industry could be strongly restricted.Intelligent ore sorting equipment not only improves ore use and enhances the economic benefits of enterprises but also increases the ore grade and lessens the grinding cost and tailings production.However,long-term research on intelligent ore sorting equipment found that the factors affecting sorting efficiency mainly include ore information identification technology,equipment sorting actuator,and information processing algorithm.The high precision,strong anti-interference capability,and high speed of these factors guarantee the separation efficiency of intelligent ore sorting equipment.Color ore sorter,X-ray ore transmission sorter,dual-energy X-ray transmission ore sorter,X-ray fluorescence ore sorter,and near-infrared ore sorter have been successfully developed in accordance with the different characteristics of minerals while ensuring the accuracy of equipment sorting and improving the equipment sorting efficiency.With the continuous improvement of mine automation level,the application of online element rapid analysis technology with high speed,high precision,and strong anti-interference capability in intelligent ore sorting equipment will become an inevitable trend of equipment development in the future.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,transientγneutron activation analysis,online Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques will promote the development of ore sorting equipment.In addition,the improvement and joint application of additional high-speed and high-precision operation algorithms(such as peak area,principal component analysis,artificial neural network,partial least squares,and Monte Carlo library least squares methods)are an essential part of the development of intelligent ore sorting equipment in the future.展开更多
基金the funding support provided by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDC0120402)the National Key Research&Development Program of China (2022YFC2105103)。
文摘Phosphorylated sugars,recognized as central intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and critical precursors for enzymatic synthesis of rare sugars,face significant technical barriers in their industrialscale production.The multi-enzymatic preparation systems for these compounds inherently accumulate complex impurities,including protein-based catalysts,residual substrates,and oligosaccharide byproducts,posing persistent challenges in product separation and biocatalyst recycling.To address this limitation,we conducted a systematic investigation of ultrafiltration-based separation strategies during the multi-enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate(FDP),with particular emphasis on membrane fouling mechanisms.By screening the ultrafiltration membranes,UE020 showed the best performance in the model system,achieving significant separation targets:99.97% retention of bovine serum albumin,FDP/maltodextrin separation coefficient of 7.41,and FDP recovery of 93.63%.An analysis of the components of resistance revealed that concentration polarization induced by maltodextrin was the main factor constituting the resistance,irreversible resistance due to bovine serum albumin was a secondary effect,and the resistance constituted by FDP was negligible.A mitigation strategy employing powdered activated carbon for dynamic membrane formation significantly improved system performance,reducing irreversible resistance by 59.14% and enhancing flux recovery by 20.85%.In this study,ultrafiltration was strategically employed to achieve efficient separation of FDP and enzyme recovery.Significantly,we deciphered the synergistic fouling mechanisms arising from interactions within the multicomponent system containing phosphorylated sugars,oligosaccharides,and proteins.These findings provide a mechanistic framework for scaling up multi-enzymatic systems dedicated to phosphorylated sugar biosynthesis,effectively bridging the gap between laboratory-scale synthesis and industrial implementation.
基金sponsored by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(22225804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078102,22408101,22308105)。
文摘The limitations of swirl separation in removing microfine oil droplets in water have driven the development of hydrocyclone technology coupled with multiphase or multifield techniques.To enhance microfine oil droplets separation,a novel hydrocyclone separation coupled with fiber coalescence(HCCFC) was designed.The interaction between fiber balls and oil droplets inside the hydrocyclone,including droplet coalescence and breakage,was investigated.The influence of different operating parameters on separation efficiency was discussed.The results showed that fiber balls promoted oil droplet coalescence when the inlet droplet size(D_(43)) was below 22.37 μm but caused droplet breakage above this threshold.The coalescence performance of HCCFC improved with increasing inlet oil content but declined beyond 450 mg·L^(-1).Separation experiments confirmed that HCCFC outperformed conventional hydrocyclone,with separation efficiency increasing by 2.9% to 20.0%.As the fiber ball content and inlet flow rate increased,the separation efficiency showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Additionally,HCCFC's separation efficiency varied with inlet oil droplet size distribution,showing the most significant enhancement when D_(43) was 22.37 μm,where separation efficiency increased by 14.4%.These findings offer insights into the development and application of multiphase coupled with hydrocyclone technology.
基金financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.22379153 and 22109128)the Ningbo Key Research and Development Project(2023Z147)the Ningbo 3315 Program。
文摘CuBi_(2)O_(4)(CBO)photocathodes hold significant promise for efficient photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting due to their favorable band gap and theoretical onset potential.However,their practical application is hindered by poor charge separation efficiency.Herein,we introduce a characteristic in-situ solution Fe-doping strategy that markedly improves photoelectrochemical performance of CBO,doubling the photocurrent density and achieving an unprecedented 190 mV anodic shift in the onset potential.By integrating with an electrochemical oxidation post-treatment,a record incident photon-to-current efficiency(IPCE)exceeding 40% at 0.6 V vs.RHE under visible light illumination is achieved.The versatility of the doping strategy is demonstrated across CBO photocathodes synthesized by different methods with various morphologies,grain sizes,and crystallinities.Mechanistic studies reveal that the gradient distribution of Fe^(3+)ions generates an internal electric field that facilitates efficient charge separation and increases acceptor density.The strong Fe-O bonding also enhances structural stability against photoinduced corrosion.Notably,our investigation uncovers the non-temperature-dependent nature of CBO photocurrent,indicating that PEC performance enhancement primarily depends on reducing carrier recombination rather than improving bulk conductivity.This work lays the groundwork for future advancements in water splitting performance of CBO photocathodes,offering a complementary strategy to conventional methods for enhancing charge separation efficiency.
文摘Sand production often leads to the failure of production equipment on offshore platform.Therefore,a new idea has been put forward,which is installing cyclone or baffle in the internal of the slug catcher for better sand control.In this paper,an experimental study is presented,which mainly includes sand particles accumulation shape,migration law and separation performance.The results suggest that the accumulation area is mainly divided into two zones:the crowded settlement zone and the free settlement zone.The crowded settlement zone has a special shape,which can be characterized by two parameters:accumulation length and accumulation angle.Axial sampling analysis shows obvious particle classification.Median particle size decreases with the increase of the axial distance,and the range of particle size distribution narrows gradually.The separation experiment shows that the gas velocity has the greatest influence on the separation efficiency.When the gas velocity is 14 m·s^ 1,the separation efficiency drops sharply,which can be abated by installing cyclone separator.In addition,the separation efficiency tends to be a constant under different gas velocities by installing baffle with appropriate height.Then the effectiveness and rationality of installing internal components can be strongly proved.All these provide important guidance for maximizing the sand control function of the slug catcher.
基金the funding of Chongqing Application and Development Project of China(cstc2014yykfB100007)
文摘To improve the efficiency of iron recovery from steel slag and reduce the wear-and-tear on facilities, a new method was proposed by adding a secondary screen sizer to the magnetic separation process according to grain size distribution of magnetic iron （M-Fe） in the slag. The final recycling efficiency was evaluated by calculating the percentage of recycled M-Fe to the maximum amount of M-Fe that could be recovered. Three types of slags, namely basic oxygen furnace slag, desul- furization slag, and iron ladle slag, were studied, and the results showed that the optimized re- covery efficieneies were 93.20%, 92. 48%, and 85.82% respectively, and the recycling efficien eies were improved by 9.58%, 7.11%, and 6.24% respectively. Furthermore, the abrasion between the mill equipment and the remaining slags was significantly reduced owing to the efficient recovery of larger M-Fe particles. In addition, the using amount of grinding balls was reduced by 0. 46 kg when every 1 t steel slag was processed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21205127,21203226 and 21377063)
文摘One-dimensional silver nanocrystals （AgNCs） have been prepared by a polyol process using sodium hydroxide and nitric acid at a constant silver source concentration. Results indicate that the acidity- basicity plays an important role in silver-nanocrystal formation. Different morphologies of AgNCs were synthesized by changing the NaOH or HNO3 amount. We demonstrate that nearly monodisperse silver nanocrystals can be separated from polydisperse samples using density gradient centrifugation separation （DGCS）. We also demonstrate that the separated AgNCs can be used as substrates for surface- enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） spectroscopy. The separation approach provides a method of improving the nanocrystal quality produced by large-scale synthetic methods.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.59871029)the National Key Fundamental Research Project(973 Project)(No.G 1999064900-4).
文摘The continuous separation of inclusions from aluminum melt flowing in a circular pipe using a high frequency magnetic field was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The separation efficiency was calculated based on the trajectory method and compared with experimental results. It is found that the separation efficiency is a function ofnondimensional parameters ti . The effective way to improve the separation efficiency is to increase the effective magnetic flux density and decrease the pipe radius, and the value of should be kept about 2 in order to obtain the optimum separation efficiency.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52064027)Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects,China(No.202202AG050015)。
文摘Galena(PbS)and chalcopyrite(CuFeS_(2))are sulfide minerals that exhibit good floatability characteristics.Thus,efficiently separating them via common flotation is challenging.Herein,a new method of surface sulfuric acid corrosion in conjunction with flotation separation was proposed,and the efficient separation of galena and chalcopyrite was successfully realized.Contact angle test results showed a substantial decrease in surface contact angle and a selective inhibition of surface floatability for corroded galena.Meanwhile,the contact angle and floatability of corroded chalcopyrite remained almost unaffected.Scanning electron microscope results confirmed that sulfuric acid corrosion led to the formation of a dense oxide layer on the galena surface,whereas the chalcopyrite surface remained unaltered.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the chemical state of S^(2-)on the surface of corroded galena was oxidized to SO_(4)^(2-).A layer of hydrophilic PbSO4was formed on the surface,leading to a sharp decrease in galena floatability.Meanwhile,new hydrophobic CuS_(2),CuS,and Cu_(1-x)Fe_(1-y)S_(2-z)species exhibiting good floatability were generated on the chalcopyrite surface.Finally,theoretical analysis results were further verified by corrosion–flotation separation experiments.The galena–chalcopyrite mixture was completely separated via flotation separation under appropriate corrosion acidity,corrosion temperature,and corrosion time.A novel approach has been outlined in this study,providing potential applications in the efficient separation of refractory copper–lead sulfide ore.
基金Supported by the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of national support (2007BAI26B03-04)
文摘A miniature process for separating the oil phase from dilute oil/water emulsion is developed.This process applies a confined space apparatus,which is a thin flow channel made of two parallel plastic plates.The space between the two plates is rather narrow to improve the collisions between oil droplets and the plate surface.Oil droplets have an affinity for the plate surface and thus are captured,and then coalesce onto the surface.The droplet size distribution of the residual emulsion resulted from the separation process is remarkably changed.The oil layer on the plate weakens the further separation of oil droplets from the emulsion.Three types of plate materials,polypropylene(PP),polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) and nylon 66,were used.It is found that PP is the best in terms of the oil separation efficiency and nylon 66 is the poorest.The interaction between droplets in the emulsion and plate surface is indicated by the spreading coefficient of oil droplet on the plate in aqueous environment,and the influences of formed oil layer and plate material on the separation efficiency are discussed.
文摘Cell separation using microfluidics has become an effective method to isolate biological contaminants from bodily fluids and cell cultures,such as isolating bacteria contaminants from microalgae cultures and isolating bacteria contaminants from white blood cells.In this study,bacterial cells were used as a model contaminant in microalgae culture in a passive microfluidics device,which relies on hydrodynamic forces to demonstrate the separation of microalgae from bacteria contaminants in U and W-shaped cross-section spiral microchannel fabricated by defocusing CO_(2) laser ablation.At a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min in the presence of glycine as bacteria chemoattractant,the spiral microfluidics devices with U and W-shaped cross-sections were able to isolate microalgae(Desmodesmus sp.)from bacteria(E.coli)with a high separation efficiency of 92%and 96%respectively.At the same flow rate,in the absence of glycine,the separation efficiency of microalgae for U-and W-shaped cross-sections was 91%and 96%,respectively.It was found that the spiral microchannel device with a W-shaped cross-section with a barrier in the center of the channel showed significantly higher separation efficiency.Spiral microchannel chips with U-or W-shaped cross-sections were easy to fabricate and exhibited high throughput.With these advantages,these devices could be widely applicable to other cell separation applications,such as separating circulating tumor cells from blood.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21401055,21371150 and 21201062)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2018JJ2113 and 2017JJ2095)State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry(Grant No.SKLCC1417).
文摘The high porosity,excellent water stability and optimized supramolecular host–vip interactions of MOFs are the three key factors for their potential practical applications in many important areas including gas storage/separation,catalysis and so on.In this study,we designed and constructed a highly porous(3,36)-connected txt-type acylamide-functionalized metal–organic framework(HNUST-8)from a pyridine-based acylamide-linking diisophthalate and dicopper(II)-paddlewheel clusters.
文摘Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)into high-value C_(2)H_(4)offers a promising pathway toward carbon neutrality.Due to the continuous 12-electron-proton coupled reactions and the mutual repulsion of reaction intermediates,achieving highly selective photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)to C_(2)H_(4)remains challenging.This work synthesized a CuInS_(2)/CuS heterojunction photocatalyst mediated by a sulfur electron bridge via a one-step solvothermal method,achieving a high selectivity for C_(2)H_(4)conversion(98.22%).The sulfur electron bridge minimized the contact energy barrier between CuInS_(2)and CuS to enhance photogenerated carrier separation efficiency,while the asymmetric active sites in CuInS_(2)effectively reduced mutual repulsion of reaction intermediates.This work develops a hybrid catalytic system enabling synergistic regulation of reaction kinetics and thermodynamics,offering an innovative strategy for highly selective photocatalytic CO₂-to-C_(2)H_(4)production.
文摘The structure, separation principle and feasibility research for a new type of vehicle air filter called the high speed rotary positive air filter were described. The analysis of the experimental data showed that the principle and structure of it were feasible and it possessed high separation efficiency and great self cleaning ability. Compared with the conventional air filter it also has lower air intake loss. So it is worth further practical research.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21671102,21973029)the Young and Middle-aged Academic Leader of Jiangsu Blue Project,the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(ZK201803)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2020JJ4290).
文摘The safe storage and separation of acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))is difficult and essential,due to its explosive properties and wide usage for various industrial products.With a generally low energy cost,highly efficient adsorption separation has been considered as a promising solution.Taking advantage of the inbuilt nature of a tunable pore space,a porous coordination polymer(NTU-56)was prepared from a selenium-containing carboxylate ligand and Cu2+ions.Triggered by water at different temperatures,NTU-56 transformed into two other porous frameworks(NTU-57 and NTU-58)with different topologies and pore environments.Single-component gas adsorption experiments showed that this new group of porous isomers featured systematically varied adsorption selectivity for C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2),two gases that have extremely similar molecular sizes and boiling points.More interestingly,among the isomers,NTU-58,a rare 2D,flexible,and water-stable framework,has the highest C_(2)H_(2) uptake(60 cm^(3) g^(-1))and C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2) selectivity(13.9,1/1,v/v,1 bar)at 273 K,derived from the synergetic effect of the unique pore sizes(4.5 and 5.5Å)and pore surface polarity,where the Cu^(2+)and selenium sites are exposed for preferred C_(2)H_(2) interactions.Efficient and recyclable C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2) separation was also confirmed via breakthrough experiments,even with wet feed-gas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no:2177060378,U1707603,21627813 and 21521005)the Program for Changjiang Scholars,Innovative Research Teams in Universities(no.IRT1205)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(12060093063 and XK1803-05).
文摘A bifunctional ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/Nb_(2)O_(5)(ZIS/NbO)photocatalyst was constructed by growing Nb_(2)O_(5) nanospheres on the petals of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) microspheres via a facile hydrothermal approach.The composite possessed a direct Z-scheme heterostructure that was confirmed by in situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)and electron spin resonance(ESR)measurements.Owing to the good charge separation efficiency in the Z-scheme system,the lifetime of charge carriers in ZIS/NbO was obviously prolonged.Thus,the rate of hydrogen evolution for optimized ZIS/NbO was 2.8 and 1.8 times higher than that of Nb_(2)O_(5) and ZnIn_(2)S_(4),respectively.Furthermore,the ZIS/NbO also showed good performance for the oxidation of biomassderived intermediate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)to value-added products.More importantly,the coupled photocatalytic H_(2) reduction and HMF oxidation were achieved on the ZIS/NbO Z-scheme heterostructure at the same time.Due to the presence of a direct Z-scheme heterojunction that prevents the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes in the composite,the ZIS/NbO displayed excellent photocatalytic performance.Our findings are expected to offer a broad optical window for fabricating bifunctional heterostructured composites for coupled photocatalytic reduction and oxidation.
文摘Correction for‘Insight into the relationship between redox ability and separation efficiency via the case ofα-Bi_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7)’by Jie-hao Li et al.,Inorg.Chem.Front.,2022,9,3578–3589,https://doi.org/10.1039/D2QI00731B.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0101800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22178084 and 21776059)+1 种基金the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.B2021208005)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hebei Province(No.B2021208019).
文摘Constructing heterostructured photocatalysts will generally improve the separation efficiency of photoinduced carriers;however,the change in the energy band position that affects their redox ability has received little attention. In this work,α-Bi_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) heterojunctions are prepared via solution combustion synthesis and characterized by UV-vis DRS,Mott–Schottky and Kelvin probes,and the band structures of α-Bi_(2)O_(3) and Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) before and after the formation of the heterojunction are obtained. The results of the degradation of rhodamine B and tetracycline indicate that the main active species are holes and superoxide anion radicals,respectively. Although separation efficiency over heterojunctions is higher than that over individual Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) and α-Bi_(2)O_(3),lower degradation ability is observed. The reason is that the heterojunction formation causes an upward shift of the valence band of Bi_(5)NO_(3)O_(7) and a downward shift of the conduction band of α-Bi_(2)O_(3),which reduces the oxidation ability of holes and the ability to activate molecular oxygen,respectively. The decrease in the redox ability outweighs the positive impact of enhanced separation efficiency.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005123,21776118,22178152)Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021K382C,2021K079A)+4 种基金Jiangsu University Foundation(20JDG16)Jiangsu Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(BK20190045)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M691305)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund(CX(21)3067)the Postgraduate High-tech Research Key Laboratory of Zhenjiang(SS2018002).
文摘The charge separation efficiency is a pivotal factor for photocatalytic progress.Herein,an innovative approach was used to construct a novel CdS/Bi_(4)TaO_(8)Cl Z-scheme photocatalyst.To ensure the transmission of the carriers following the route of the Z-scheme,a facet engineering strategy and facet-dependent heterojunction design were performed for the synthesis of the catalyst.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF0612601)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2023C02038)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo(2022Z178)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ23B010003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(No.2023YW32)the China Construction Technology Research and Development Project(CSCEC-2021-Z-5).
文摘Existing photocatalysts face several challenges in producing hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),including low photogenerated carrier separation,the need for sacrificial agents,and the difficulty of recovering powdered samples.In this work,we achieved high-efficiency H_(2)O_(2)production in pure water by constructing Z-scheme heterojunctions of 2D MOF/In_(2)S_(3)film,which enhanced the separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers and allowed for easy recycling.The Al/In15%composite exhibited a superior photocatalytic performance of 422.88μmol g-1 h^(-1)H_(2)O_(2),which is 2.44 times higher than that of pure Al-TCPP.The superior photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the heterojunction creating a built-in electric field that facilitates space charge separation and transfer,effectively inhibiting photogenerated carrier recombination.The powdered samples were loaded onto a PTFE film,which allowed for easy recovery from the photocatalytic system and demonstrated excellent stability,providing an effective strategy for recovering powder-based photocatalysts.This study provides a new approach for solving the problems of poor carrier separation capacity and the challenging recovery of photocatalysts by constructing a Z-scheme heterojunction thin film,realizing the efficient use of solar energy to produce H_(2)O_(2)in pure water.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.2012BAC11B07)the Jiangxi Science and Technology Innovation Base Plan(No.20212BCD42017)。
文摘Under the background of increasingly scarce ore worldwide and increasingly fierce market competition,developing the mining industry could be strongly restricted.Intelligent ore sorting equipment not only improves ore use and enhances the economic benefits of enterprises but also increases the ore grade and lessens the grinding cost and tailings production.However,long-term research on intelligent ore sorting equipment found that the factors affecting sorting efficiency mainly include ore information identification technology,equipment sorting actuator,and information processing algorithm.The high precision,strong anti-interference capability,and high speed of these factors guarantee the separation efficiency of intelligent ore sorting equipment.Color ore sorter,X-ray ore transmission sorter,dual-energy X-ray transmission ore sorter,X-ray fluorescence ore sorter,and near-infrared ore sorter have been successfully developed in accordance with the different characteristics of minerals while ensuring the accuracy of equipment sorting and improving the equipment sorting efficiency.With the continuous improvement of mine automation level,the application of online element rapid analysis technology with high speed,high precision,and strong anti-interference capability in intelligent ore sorting equipment will become an inevitable trend of equipment development in the future.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,transientγneutron activation analysis,online Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques will promote the development of ore sorting equipment.In addition,the improvement and joint application of additional high-speed and high-precision operation algorithms(such as peak area,principal component analysis,artificial neural network,partial least squares,and Monte Carlo library least squares methods)are an essential part of the development of intelligent ore sorting equipment in the future.
