In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP)mission,in its new configuration,for studies of strongly magnetized compact objects.We discuss the scientific potential ...In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP)mission,in its new configuration,for studies of strongly magnetized compact objects.We discuss the scientific potential of eXTP for quantum electrodynamic(QED)studies,especially leveraging the recent observations made with the NASA IXPE mission.Given eXTP’s unique combination of timing,spectroscopy,and polarimetry,we focus on the perspectives for physics and astrophysics studies of strongly magnetized compact objects,such as magnetars and accreting X-ray pulsars.Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the eXTP mission is expected to launch in early 2030.展开更多
In this new era of time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy,various new transients and new phenomena are constantly being discovered thanks to the rapid advances in observations,which provide the excellent opportunit...In this new era of time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy,various new transients and new phenomena are constantly being discovered thanks to the rapid advances in observations,which provide the excellent opportunity to study the physics in the extreme environments.The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission(eXTP),planned to be launched in 2030,has several key advantages,including advanced polarimetry,high sensitivity&large effective area,and wide energy range coverage,which make it a groundbreaking project in high-energy astrophysics.In this article,we briefly introduce the potential time-domain and multi-messenger targets for eXTP,including gravitational-wave(GW)counterparts,gamma-ray bursts(GRBs),magnetars and fast radio bursts(FRBs),tidal disruption events(TDEs),supernovae,high energy neutrinos and TeV active galactic nucleus(AGNs),and so on.We discuss the advantages of future eXTP observations for detecting these sources,their detection capabilities,the abilities to distinguish theoretical models,and their applications in gravity and cosmology.展开更多
In this paper,we present the current status of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission,which has been fully approved for launch in 2030.eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics u...In this paper,we present the current status of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission,which has been fully approved for launch in 2030.eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of matter density,gravity,and magnetism.The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density,measuring the effects of quantum electro-dynamics,and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity.In addition to investigating fundamental physics,the eXTP mission is poised to become a leading observatory for time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy in the 2030s,as well as providing observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects.After briefly introducing the history and a summary of the scientific objectives of the eXTP mission,this paper presents a comprehensive overview of:(1)the cutting-edge technology,technical specifications,and anticipated performance of the mission’s scientific instruments;(2)the full mission profile,encompassing spacecraft design,operational capabilities,and ground segment infrastructure.展开更多
The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP is an exciting scientific space mission.As the PI of the mission,I am pleased to introduce briefly this special issue dedicated to six white papers on eXTP,inclu...The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP is an exciting scientific space mission.As the PI of the mission,I am pleased to introduce briefly this special issue dedicated to six white papers on eXTP,including the mission white paper[1]and five science white papers[2-6].These are updated substantially from the white papers published in 2019[7-11],to account for the rapid developments of the field over the past several years and the new mission profile.展开更多
In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The m...In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring effects of QED, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, eXTP will be a very powerful observatory for astrophysics that will provide observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. In particular, its wide field monitoring capabilities will be highly instrumental to detect the electro-magnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources.The paper provides a detailed description of:(1) the technological and technical aspects, and the expected performance of the instruments of the scientific payload;(2) the elements and functions of the mission, from the spacecraft to the ground segment.展开更多
In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies of strongly magnetized objects. We will focus on the physics and astrophysics of strongly magnetize...In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies of strongly magnetized objects. We will focus on the physics and astrophysics of strongly magnetized objects, namely magnetars, accreting X-ray pulsars, and rotation powered pulsars. We also discuss the science potential of eXTP for QED studies. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.展开更多
Purpose The Filed of View(FOV)of eXTP/LAD is limited by lead-glass capillary plate collimators placed in front of the Silicon Drift Detectors(SDDs)for reducing the background contamination caused by the photons of Cos...Purpose The Filed of View(FOV)of eXTP/LAD is limited by lead-glass capillary plate collimators placed in front of the Silicon Drift Detectors(SDDs)for reducing the background contamination caused by the photons of Cosmic X-ray Background(CXB)leaking from outside the FOV.The core quality parameters of lead-glass capillary plate collimators are Open Area Ratio(OAR)and FOV.The performance of lead-glass capillary plate collimators is determined by its design specification such as pore-to-pore misalignment,pore perpendicularity with collimator surface and pore diameter.Since the design specification is the result of a large number of micropores,we use the full width at half maximum(FWHM)and peak value of point spread function(PSF)to characterize the capillary plate collimator performance.In order to quickly evaluate the performances of collimators,we developed a direct PSF measurement method using divergent beams.Methods In this paper,the simulation package of the divergent beamsmeasurement setup is developed based on Geant4.The simulation parameters of scintillator absorption length are corrected by experimental data.We simulate the PSF of collimators with different distribution of pore diameter and misalignment by parallel beams and divergent beams.By comparing the peak value and FWHM of collimators PSF,the feasibility in replacing parallel beams measurement with divergent beams measurement is studied.Results It is verified that the influence of the geometric size of 33μm radius of the micro-focus of X-ray tube can be ignored.The results show that the FWHM of collimators is increased with error root mean square error(RMS)of the distribution of collimators pore diameter and pore inclination angle.The peak value of PSF is mainly influenced by pore non-parallelism of the pores,and it decreases with an increase in pore inclination angle.Comparison of parallel beams PSF and divergent beams PSF shows well consistency of peak value and FWHM of collimator.But,the peak value of the divergent beams PSF is mainly affected by the defects of the pores close to the optical axis and result in difference from the parallel beams results consequently.We have developed capillary plate collimators response function based on the projected area function of a cylindrical pore and the fluorescence broadening of the scintillator and fitted PSF by response function.The capillary plate collimator open area ratio is calculated by using the micropores radius and collimator frame thickness obtained by fitting parameter,and the result is close to the parallel beams PSF.Conclusion The feasibility divergent beams measurement is verified.展开更多
基金supported by the China’s Space Origins Exploration Programthe National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2021YFA0718500)+10 种基金the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12373051,12273028,12173103,12261141691,and 12003009)the support by the Italian MUR (grant PRIN 2022 - 2022LWPEXW grant,“An X-ray view of compact objects in polarized light”,CUP C53D23001180006)the German Research Foundation (DFG) grant WE 1312/59-1 for financial supportUKRI Stephen Hawking fellowshipthe support by UKRI STFC (Grant No.ST/W507891/1)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12333007)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.113111KYSB20190020)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDA15020100)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12373041,and 12422306)the Bagui Scholars Program (XF)supported by STFC (Grant No.ST/Y001060/1)。
文摘In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP)mission,in its new configuration,for studies of strongly magnetized compact objects.We discuss the scientific potential of eXTP for quantum electrodynamic(QED)studies,especially leveraging the recent observations made with the NASA IXPE mission.Given eXTP’s unique combination of timing,spectroscopy,and polarimetry,we focus on the perspectives for physics and astrophysics studies of strongly magnetized compact objects,such as magnetars and accreting X-ray pulsars.Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the eXTP mission is expected to launch in early 2030.
基金supported by China’s Space Origins Exploration Programsupport from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.E32983U810)+13 种基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDB0550300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12325301)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12233002,and 12041306)the National SKA Program of China (Grant No.2020SKA0120300)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2021YFA0718500)the support from the Xinjiang Tianchi Programsupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12333007)the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.113111KYSB20190020)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDA15020100)supported by the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.1242032)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.2022056)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos.2022YFC2205201,and 2020YFC2201400)funding by the European Union-Next Generation EU RFF M4C2 1.1 PRIN 2022 project “2022RJLWHN URKA”INAF 2023 Theory Grant Ob Fu 1.05.23.06.06 “Understanding R-process & Kilonovae Aspects (URKA)”.
文摘In this new era of time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy,various new transients and new phenomena are constantly being discovered thanks to the rapid advances in observations,which provide the excellent opportunity to study the physics in the extreme environments.The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission(eXTP),planned to be launched in 2030,has several key advantages,including advanced polarimetry,high sensitivity&large effective area,and wide energy range coverage,which make it a groundbreaking project in high-energy astrophysics.In this article,we briefly introduce the potential time-domain and multi-messenger targets for eXTP,including gravitational-wave(GW)counterparts,gamma-ray bursts(GRBs),magnetars and fast radio bursts(FRBs),tidal disruption events(TDEs),supernovae,high energy neutrinos and TeV active galactic nucleus(AGNs),and so on.We discuss the advantages of future eXTP observations for detecting these sources,their detection capabilities,the abilities to distinguish theoretical models,and their applications in gravity and cosmology.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12333007)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.113111KYSB20190020)+4 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA15020100)support by ASI,under the dedicated eXTP agreements and agreement ASI-INAF n.2017-14-H.O.by INAF and INFN under project REDSOXsupport from the Deutsche Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt,the German Aerospace Center(DLR)support from MINECO grant ESP2017-82674-R and FEDER funds.
文摘In this paper,we present the current status of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission,which has been fully approved for launch in 2030.eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of matter density,gravity,and magnetism.The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density,measuring the effects of quantum electro-dynamics,and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity.In addition to investigating fundamental physics,the eXTP mission is poised to become a leading observatory for time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy in the 2030s,as well as providing observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects.After briefly introducing the history and a summary of the scientific objectives of the eXTP mission,this paper presents a comprehensive overview of:(1)the cutting-edge technology,technical specifications,and anticipated performance of the mission’s scientific instruments;(2)the full mission profile,encompassing spacecraft design,operational capabilities,and ground segment infrastructure.
文摘The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP is an exciting scientific space mission.As the PI of the mission,I am pleased to introduce briefly this special issue dedicated to six white papers on eXTP,including the mission white paper[1]and five science white papers[2-6].These are updated substantially from the white papers published in 2019[7-11],to account for the rapid developments of the field over the past several years and the new mission profile.
基金support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences through the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA15020100)support by ASI, under the dedicated eXTP agreements and agreement ASI-INAF (Grant No. 2017-14-H.O.)+3 种基金by INAF and INFN under project REDSOXsupport from the Deutsche Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, the German Aerospce Center (DLR)support of Science Centre (Grant No. 2013/10/M/ST9/00729)support from MINECO (Grant No. ESP2017-82674-R) and FEDER funds
文摘In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring effects of QED, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, eXTP will be a very powerful observatory for astrophysics that will provide observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. In particular, its wide field monitoring capabilities will be highly instrumental to detect the electro-magnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources.The paper provides a detailed description of:(1) the technological and technical aspects, and the expected performance of the instruments of the scientific payload;(2) the elements and functions of the mission, from the spacecraft to the ground segment.
基金support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences through the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA15020100)supported by the Bundesministerium fuer Wirtschaft und Technologie through the Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft-und Raumfahrte.V.(DLR)(Grant No.FKZ 50 OO 1701)Financial contribution from the agreement between the Italian Space Agency and the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ASI-INAF n.2017-14H.O
文摘In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies of strongly magnetized objects. We will focus on the physics and astrophysics of strongly magnetized objects, namely magnetars, accreting X-ray pulsars, and rotation powered pulsars. We also discuss the science potential of eXTP for QED studies. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.
基金We would like to acknowledge support from the Strategic Priority Program on Space Science,China,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant No.XDA15020500.
文摘Purpose The Filed of View(FOV)of eXTP/LAD is limited by lead-glass capillary plate collimators placed in front of the Silicon Drift Detectors(SDDs)for reducing the background contamination caused by the photons of Cosmic X-ray Background(CXB)leaking from outside the FOV.The core quality parameters of lead-glass capillary plate collimators are Open Area Ratio(OAR)and FOV.The performance of lead-glass capillary plate collimators is determined by its design specification such as pore-to-pore misalignment,pore perpendicularity with collimator surface and pore diameter.Since the design specification is the result of a large number of micropores,we use the full width at half maximum(FWHM)and peak value of point spread function(PSF)to characterize the capillary plate collimator performance.In order to quickly evaluate the performances of collimators,we developed a direct PSF measurement method using divergent beams.Methods In this paper,the simulation package of the divergent beamsmeasurement setup is developed based on Geant4.The simulation parameters of scintillator absorption length are corrected by experimental data.We simulate the PSF of collimators with different distribution of pore diameter and misalignment by parallel beams and divergent beams.By comparing the peak value and FWHM of collimators PSF,the feasibility in replacing parallel beams measurement with divergent beams measurement is studied.Results It is verified that the influence of the geometric size of 33μm radius of the micro-focus of X-ray tube can be ignored.The results show that the FWHM of collimators is increased with error root mean square error(RMS)of the distribution of collimators pore diameter and pore inclination angle.The peak value of PSF is mainly influenced by pore non-parallelism of the pores,and it decreases with an increase in pore inclination angle.Comparison of parallel beams PSF and divergent beams PSF shows well consistency of peak value and FWHM of collimator.But,the peak value of the divergent beams PSF is mainly affected by the defects of the pores close to the optical axis and result in difference from the parallel beams results consequently.We have developed capillary plate collimators response function based on the projected area function of a cylindrical pore and the fluorescence broadening of the scintillator and fitted PSF by response function.The capillary plate collimator open area ratio is calculated by using the micropores radius and collimator frame thickness obtained by fitting parameter,and the result is close to the parallel beams PSF.Conclusion The feasibility divergent beams measurement is verified.
