The dynamics of student engagement and emotional states significantly influence learning outcomes.Positive emotions resulting from successful task completion stand in contrast to negative affective states that arise f...The dynamics of student engagement and emotional states significantly influence learning outcomes.Positive emotions resulting from successful task completion stand in contrast to negative affective states that arise from learning struggles or failures.Effective transitions to engagement occur upon problem resolution,while unresolved issues lead to frustration and subsequent boredom.This study proposes a Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)based approach utilizing the Multi⁃source Academic Affective Engagement Dataset(MAAED)to categorize facial expressions into boredom,confusion,frustration,and yawning.This method provides an efficient and objective way to assess student engagement by extracting features from facial images.Recognizing and addressing negative affective states,such as confusion and boredom,is fundamental in creating supportive learning environments.Through automated frame extraction and model comparison,this study demonstrates reduced loss values with improving accuracy,showcasing the effectiveness of this method in objectively evaluating student engagement.Monitoring facial engagement with CNN using the MAAED dataset is essential for gaining insights into human behaviour and improving educational experiences.展开更多
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness responsible for many of the world’s disabilities.It significantly impacts human society;thus,rapid,and efficient identification is required.This research aims to diagnose schi...Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness responsible for many of the world’s disabilities.It significantly impacts human society;thus,rapid,and efficient identification is required.This research aims to diagnose schizophrenia directly from a high-resolution camera,which can capture the subtle micro facial expressions that are difficult to spot with the help of the naked eye.In a clinical study by a team of experts at Bahawal Victoria Hospital(BVH),Bahawalpur,Pakistan,there were 300 people with schizophrenia and 299 healthy subjects.Videos of these participants have been captured and converted into their frames using the OpenFace tool.Additionally,pose,gaze,Action Units(AUs),and land-marked features have been extracted in the Comma Separated Values(CSV)file.Aligned faces have been used to detect schizophrenia by the proposed and the pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models,i.e.,VGG16,Mobile Net,Efficient Net,Google Net,and ResNet50.Moreover,Vision transformer,Swim transformer,big transformer,and vision transformer without attention have also been used to train the models on customized dataset.CSV files have been used to train a model using logistic regression,decision trees,random forest,gradient boosting,and support vector machine classifiers.Moreover,the parameters of the proposed CNN architecture have been optimized using the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm.The experimental results showed a validation accuracy of 99.6%for the proposed CNN model.The results demonstrated that the reported method is superior to the previous methodologies.The model can be deployed in a real-time environment.展开更多
Ⅰ.Evaluate variable expressions.1.Find the value of the expression“4×v”,for v=3.2.Find the value of the expression“10÷u”,for u=2.3.Find the value of the expression“20-z”,for z=7.
This paper explores how sculpture,as a medium,has transcended traditional boundaries and evolved into a diverse form of artistic expression that engages with both physical and social dimensions.Tracing the evolution f...This paper explores how sculpture,as a medium,has transcended traditional boundaries and evolved into a diverse form of artistic expression that engages with both physical and social dimensions.Tracing the evolution from traditional materials and techniques to modernist breaks and conceptual art,this study delves into key turning points,including the shift towards abstraction,the role of the readymade,and the influence of site-specificity.It also examines how contemporary sculpture serves as a dynamic platform for addressing social,cultural,and political issues,fostering public engagement and transforming public spaces.By analyzing these developments,this paper highlights sculpture’s growing role as a medium that not only reflects but also shapes societal narratives.展开更多
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the duration of expressions on the recognition of microexpressions, which are closely related to deception. Methods: In two experiments, participa...Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the duration of expressions on the recognition of microexpressions, which are closely related to deception. Methods: In two experiments, participants were briefly (from 20 to 300 ms) shown one of six basic expressions and then were asked to identify the expression. Results: The results showed that the participants' performance in recognition of microexpressions increased with the duration of the expressions, reaching a turning point at 200 ms before levelling off. The results also indicated that practice could improve the participants' performance. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the proper upper limit of the duration of microexpressions might be around 1/5 of a second and confirmed that the ability to recognize microexpressions can be enhanced with practice.展开更多
[Objective] This study was carried out to determine the induction effect of jasmonic acid（JA）on powdery mildew resistance in wheat,the activation effect on the expressions of plant disease resistance related genes,a...[Objective] This study was carried out to determine the induction effect of jasmonic acid（JA）on powdery mildew resistance in wheat,the activation effect on the expressions of plant disease resistance related genes,and to investigate the relationship between the induced resistance and the gene expression patterns.[Method] Three powdery mildew susceptible cultivars of ＂Chinese Spring＂,＂Pumai 9＂ and ＂Zhoumai 18＂ typically representing different phenotypes in the field were employed.The powdery mildew was assessed by detached leaf assay,and real time quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the expression patterns of 9 disease resistance related genes of PR1（PR1.1）,PR2（β,1-3 glucanase）,PR3（chitinase）,PR4（wheatwin1）,PR5（thaumatin-like protein）,PR9（TaPERO,peroxidase）,PR10,TaGLP2a（germin-like）and Ta-JA2（jasmonate-induced protein）in leaf of the three cultivars.[Result] MeJA application enhanced the powdery mildew resistances of ＂Chinese Spring＂,＂Pumai 9＂ and ＂Zhoumai 18＂.The induced powdery mildew resistance could be detected from 12 h to 96 h after MeJA treatment,and the peak value was at 24 h.Though there were differences between the three cultivars,MeJA significantly effect on the expressions of the 8 disease resistance related genes except TaGLP2a,and the peak values were at 12 h,24 h or 48 h after treatments.The strongest activation of MeJA was on PR9 and PR1 that their expressions could reach more than 100 times of the untreated samples.MeJA strongly activated PR2、PR4、PR5、PR3、PR10 and Ta-JA2,their expression could reach 10 to 70 times,and there was almost no activation effect on TaGLP2a.The induced powdery mildew resistance positively correlated with the induced expressions of the 8 disease related genes.[Conclusion] The induced powdery mildew resistance positively correlated with the induced expressions of the disease related genes.Jasmonate signalling plays a role in defence against Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici.and future manipulation of this pathway may improve powdery mildew resistance in wheat.展开更多
Lectin and leghemoglobin in legumes play the important roles, respectively, in recognition of host plants to their rhizobial bacteria, and lowering the oxygen partial pressure around bacteroids and protecting nitrogen...Lectin and leghemoglobin in legumes play the important roles, respectively, in recognition of host plants to their rhizobial bacteria, and lowering the oxygen partial pressure around bacteroids and protecting nitrogenase from oxygen in symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules. In order to extend the host range of the rhizobial bacteria and to make them fix nitrogen in non-legumes, pea lectin gene (pl) and Parasponia hemoglobin gene ( phl,) have been constructed into a plant expression vector (pCBHUL) and the vector pCBHUL was introduced into rice calli from immature young embryos by particle bombardment. After the calli were regenerated into plantlets on the resistant-selecting media containing hygromycin, they were identified by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. It was indicated that the pi and phb genes were integrated into nucleic genome of the transformed rice plants. GUS activity and the product of the pi gene were determined by GUS staining, Western blot and in situ hybridization at translational level. Eighteen out of 40 plants resistant to hygromycin were positively identified by PCR analysis with the rate of 45%. The pi gene was expressed in 3 out of 18 plants with 17% and 7.5% in 40 plants. The results may provide a clue for exploring whether Rhizobium leguminosarum by. viceae could extend its host range and make the transgenic rice plants have the possibility of being symbiotic, or associative to nitrogen fixation.展开更多
In this paper, the theoretical expressions of wood thermal conductiv ity in the choral and radical direction are derived from the micro-structure of wood by applying some basic principles in physical mechanics. The t...In this paper, the theoretical expressions of wood thermal conductiv ity in the choral and radical direction are derived from the micro-structure of wood by applying some basic principles in physical mechanics. The thermal conduc tivities of about twenty species of trees were calculated by means of the expres sions and compared with its experimental values under the same condition. The av erage relative error is about 5%, so the calculation result is satisfactory.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the effects of rosiglitazone and serum on the expressions of PPARα and PPARγ genes in the induced differentiation process of pig preadipocyte.[Method] The pig preadipocyte w...[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the effects of rosiglitazone and serum on the expressions of PPARα and PPARγ genes in the induced differentiation process of pig preadipocyte.[Method] The pig preadipocyte was separated by using the collagenase digestion method.Three kinds of different differentiation culture solutions were used to induce the differentiation of pig preadipocyte.The oil red O staining extraction method was used to contrast the influences of different differentiation culture solutions on the variation of cellular fat content in the differentiation process.Moreover,the variation trends of PPARα and PPARγ expressions in the cellular differentiation process in the different differentiation culture solutions were detected by the real-time quantification PCR.[Result] The cellular fat accumulation was the fastest in MII which contained rosiglitazone and was the slowest in MI which didn＇t contain rosiglitazone.Rosiglitazone could significantly increase the expression of PPARγ gene（P0.01）,but had the certain inhibition effect on the expression of PPARα gene,which wasn＇t significant.The serum had the extremely significant up-regulation effect on the expression of PPARγ gene（P0.01）,but had the extremely significant down-regulation effect on the expression of PPARα gene（P0.01）.[Conclusion] Rosiglitazone could greatly promote the expression of PPARγ gene,which increased the cellular fat deposition.Maybe the activator of PPARγ gene existed in the serum,and the inhibitor of PPARα gene existed simultaneously.展开更多
Facial features under variant-expressions and partial occlusions could have degrading effect on overall face recognition performance. As a solution, we suggest that the contribution of these features on final classifi...Facial features under variant-expressions and partial occlusions could have degrading effect on overall face recognition performance. As a solution, we suggest that the contribution of these features on final classification should be determined. In order to represent facial features＇ contribution according to their variations, we propose a feature selection process that describes facial features as local independent component analysis （ICA） features. These local features are acquired using locally lateral subspace （LLS） strategy. Then, through linear discriminant analysis （LDA） we investigate the intraclass and interclass representation of each local ICA feature and express each feature＇s contribution via a weighting process. Using these weights, we define the contribution of each feature at local classifier level. In order to recognize faces under single sample constraint, we implement LLS strategy on locally linear embedding （LLE） along with the proposed feature selection. Additionally, we highlight the efficiency of the implementation of LLS strategy. The overall accuracy achieved by our approach on datasets with different facial expressions and partial occlusions such as AR, JAFFE, FERET and CK% is 90.70%. We present together in this paper survey results on face recognition performance and physiological feature selection performed by human subjects.展开更多
Formation of apoptotic bodies is a typical character ofaPoptotic cell death, but how the processes are controlledis not known. In this study, we compared two apoptosisinducing systems in vascular endothelial cells (VE...Formation of apoptotic bodies is a typical character ofaPoptotic cell death, but how the processes are controlledis not known. In this study, we compared two apoptosisinducing systems in vascular endothelial cells (VEC). Wefound that the formation of aPoptotic bodies during apop-tosis induced by rattlesnake venom, which is an unique andspecific aPoptosis inducer to vascular endotheliaI cells, wasmuch faster than that induced by deprivation of survivalfactors (aFGF and serum). When we blocked the synthesisof mRNAs in cells treated with rattlesnake venom by DRB(5, 6- dichloro- 1 -β- D- rib ofur anosylb enzimidazole ), an in-hibitor of transcription, the formation of aPoptotic bodieswas dramatically inhibited. We examined the expressionof Psa gene and found that its expression was much higherin apoptosis induced by rattlesnake venom than that inaPoptosis induced by deprivation of aFGF and serum. Ourresults suggest that gene expression is important and P53gene may play a major role in inducing the formation ofapoptotic bodies in VEC.展开更多
Regular expressions are widely used within and even outside of computer science due to their expressiveness and flexibility.However, regular expressions have a quite compact and rather tolerant syntax that makes them ...Regular expressions are widely used within and even outside of computer science due to their expressiveness and flexibility.However, regular expressions have a quite compact and rather tolerant syntax that makes them hard to understand, hard to compose,and error-prone. Faulty regular expressions may cause failures of the applications that use them. Therefore, ensuring the correctness of regular expressions is a vital prerequisite for their use in practical applications. The importance and necessity of ensuring correct definitions of regular expressions have attracted extensive attention from researchers and practitioners, especially in recent years. In this study, we provide a review of the recent works for ensuring the correct usage of regular expressions. We classify those works into different categories, including the empirical study, test string generation, automatic synthesis and learning, static checking and verification,visual representation and explanation, and repairing. For each category, we review the main results, compare different approaches, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We also discuss some potential future research directions.展开更多
With the rapid development of deep learning and artificial intelligence,affective computing,as a branch field,has attracted increasing research attention.Human emotions are diverse and are directly expressed via nonph...With the rapid development of deep learning and artificial intelligence,affective computing,as a branch field,has attracted increasing research attention.Human emotions are diverse and are directly expressed via nonphysiological indicators,such as electroencephalogram(EEG)signals.However,whether emotion-based or EEG-based,these remain single-modes of emotion recognition.Multi-mode fusion emotion recognition can improve accuracy by utilizing feature diversity and correlation.Therefore,three different models have been established:the single-mode-based EEG-long and short-term memory(LSTM)model,the Facial-LSTM model based on facial expressions processing EEG data,and the multi-mode LSTM-convolutional neural network(CNN)model that combines expressions and EEG.Their average classification accuracy was 86.48%,89.42%,and 93.13%,respectively.Compared with the EEG-LSTM model,the Facial-LSTM model improved by about 3%.This indicated that the expression mode helped eliminate EEG signals that contained few or no emotional features,enhancing emotion recognition accuracy.Compared with the Facial-LSTM model,the classification accuracy of the LSTM-CNN model improved by 3.7%,showing that the addition of facial expressions affected the EEG features to a certain extent.Therefore,using various modal features for emotion recognition conforms to human emotional expression.Furthermore,it improves feature diversity to facilitate further emotion recognition research.展开更多
In this paper,we give the explicit expressions of level k (r 1,r 2,…,r k) circulant matrices of order n 1n 2…n k,and the explicit expressions for the eigenvalues,the determinants and the inverse matrices of the kind...In this paper,we give the explicit expressions of level k (r 1,r 2,…,r k) circulant matrices of order n 1n 2…n k,and the explicit expressions for the eigenvalues,the determinants and the inverse matrices of the kind level k (r 1,r 2,…,r k) circulant matrices are derived,and it is also proved that the sort of matrices are diagonalizable.展开更多
In this paper, we give the explicit expressions of level-k circulant matrices of type (n1,n2,…nk) and of order n1n2…nk,and the explicit expressions for the eigenvalues,the determinants and the inverse matrices of th...In this paper, we give the explicit expressions of level-k circulant matrices of type (n1,n2,…nk) and of order n1n2…nk,and the explicit expressions for the eigenvalues,the determinants and the inverse matrices of the kind level-k circulant matrices are derived,and it is also proved that the sort matrices are unitarily diagonalizable.展开更多
The analysis technology of Amplitude Variation with Offset(AVO)is one of the important methods for oil and gas reservoir prediction.Zoeppritz equation and its approximations are the theoretical basis of AVO analysis,w...The analysis technology of Amplitude Variation with Offset(AVO)is one of the important methods for oil and gas reservoir prediction.Zoeppritz equation and its approximations are the theoretical basis of AVO analysis,which assumes that the upper and lower media of a horizontal interface are single-phase media.Limited by this assumption,AVO analysis has limited prediction and identification accuracy for complex porous reservoirs.In view of this,the first-order approximate analytical expressions of oblique elastic wave at an interface of porous media are derived.Firstly,the incident and scattering characteristics of various waves at the interface of porous media are analyzed,and the displacement vectors generated by these elastic waves are described by exponential function.Secondly,the kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions at the interface of porous media are discussed.Thirdly,by substituting the displacement vectors of incident and scattered waves into boundary conditions,the exact analytical equation is derived.Then,considering the symmetry of scattering matrix in the equation,the exact analytical expressions of each scattered wave are obtained.Furthermore,under the assumptions of small incident angle,weak elasticity at an interface of porous media,and ignoring the second-and higherorder terms,the first-order approximate analytical expressions are derived.Establishing a model of sandstone porous media with different porosity in upper and lower media,the correctness of the approximate analytical expressions is verified,and the elastic wave response characteristics of lithology and pore fluids are analyzed.展开更多
The expressions of HBV X gene and ets-2, IGF-I, c-myc and N-ras were studied in 7 pairs of human primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and tumor-adjacent tissues, using RNA hybridization and im-munoblot methods. The ...The expressions of HBV X gene and ets-2, IGF-I, c-myc and N-ras were studied in 7 pairs of human primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and tumor-adjacent tissues, using RNA hybridization and im-munoblot methods. The results showed that specific 17 and 28 kD HBV X gene products (HBxAg) were existed in a portion of PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues. The 17 kD HBxAg was detected in the sera of 3 patients who also had 17 kD HBxAg in their liver tissues. Multiple expressions of oncogenes such as ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were observed in PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues that had HBxAg expressed, indicating HBxAg might function as a transactivator in the course of intracellular proto-oncogene activation. It is also observed that in some tumor-adjacnet tissues the expressions of ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were higher than those in corresponding PHC. The relationship of HBxAg to the expression of est-2, IGF-Ⅱ, c-myc and their possible roles in the carcinogenesis of PHC are discussed.展开更多
文摘The dynamics of student engagement and emotional states significantly influence learning outcomes.Positive emotions resulting from successful task completion stand in contrast to negative affective states that arise from learning struggles or failures.Effective transitions to engagement occur upon problem resolution,while unresolved issues lead to frustration and subsequent boredom.This study proposes a Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)based approach utilizing the Multi⁃source Academic Affective Engagement Dataset(MAAED)to categorize facial expressions into boredom,confusion,frustration,and yawning.This method provides an efficient and objective way to assess student engagement by extracting features from facial images.Recognizing and addressing negative affective states,such as confusion and boredom,is fundamental in creating supportive learning environments.Through automated frame extraction and model comparison,this study demonstrates reduced loss values with improving accuracy,showcasing the effectiveness of this method in objectively evaluating student engagement.Monitoring facial engagement with CNN using the MAAED dataset is essential for gaining insights into human behaviour and improving educational experiences.
文摘Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness responsible for many of the world’s disabilities.It significantly impacts human society;thus,rapid,and efficient identification is required.This research aims to diagnose schizophrenia directly from a high-resolution camera,which can capture the subtle micro facial expressions that are difficult to spot with the help of the naked eye.In a clinical study by a team of experts at Bahawal Victoria Hospital(BVH),Bahawalpur,Pakistan,there were 300 people with schizophrenia and 299 healthy subjects.Videos of these participants have been captured and converted into their frames using the OpenFace tool.Additionally,pose,gaze,Action Units(AUs),and land-marked features have been extracted in the Comma Separated Values(CSV)file.Aligned faces have been used to detect schizophrenia by the proposed and the pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models,i.e.,VGG16,Mobile Net,Efficient Net,Google Net,and ResNet50.Moreover,Vision transformer,Swim transformer,big transformer,and vision transformer without attention have also been used to train the models on customized dataset.CSV files have been used to train a model using logistic regression,decision trees,random forest,gradient boosting,and support vector machine classifiers.Moreover,the parameters of the proposed CNN architecture have been optimized using the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm.The experimental results showed a validation accuracy of 99.6%for the proposed CNN model.The results demonstrated that the reported method is superior to the previous methodologies.The model can be deployed in a real-time environment.
文摘Ⅰ.Evaluate variable expressions.1.Find the value of the expression“4×v”,for v=3.2.Find the value of the expression“10÷u”,for u=2.3.Find the value of the expression“20-z”,for z=7.
文摘This paper explores how sculpture,as a medium,has transcended traditional boundaries and evolved into a diverse form of artistic expression that engages with both physical and social dimensions.Tracing the evolution from traditional materials and techniques to modernist breaks and conceptual art,this study delves into key turning points,including the shift towards abstraction,the role of the readymade,and the influence of site-specificity.It also examines how contemporary sculpture serves as a dynamic platform for addressing social,cultural,and political issues,fostering public engagement and transforming public spaces.By analyzing these developments,this paper highlights sculpture’s growing role as a medium that not only reflects but also shapes societal narratives.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2011CB302201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61075042)
文摘Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the duration of expressions on the recognition of microexpressions, which are closely related to deception. Methods: In two experiments, participants were briefly (from 20 to 300 ms) shown one of six basic expressions and then were asked to identify the expression. Results: The results showed that the participants' performance in recognition of microexpressions increased with the duration of the expressions, reaching a turning point at 200 ms before levelling off. The results also indicated that practice could improve the participants' performance. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the proper upper limit of the duration of microexpressions might be around 1/5 of a second and confirmed that the ability to recognize microexpressions can be enhanced with practice.
基金Supported by The Key Project of Science and Technology of HenanProvince(102102110040)Innovation Scientists and the Innovation Fund for Outstanding Scholars of Henan Province(104200510013)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was carried out to determine the induction effect of jasmonic acid（JA）on powdery mildew resistance in wheat,the activation effect on the expressions of plant disease resistance related genes,and to investigate the relationship between the induced resistance and the gene expression patterns.[Method] Three powdery mildew susceptible cultivars of ＂Chinese Spring＂,＂Pumai 9＂ and ＂Zhoumai 18＂ typically representing different phenotypes in the field were employed.The powdery mildew was assessed by detached leaf assay,and real time quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the expression patterns of 9 disease resistance related genes of PR1（PR1.1）,PR2（β,1-3 glucanase）,PR3（chitinase）,PR4（wheatwin1）,PR5（thaumatin-like protein）,PR9（TaPERO,peroxidase）,PR10,TaGLP2a（germin-like）and Ta-JA2（jasmonate-induced protein）in leaf of the three cultivars.[Result] MeJA application enhanced the powdery mildew resistances of ＂Chinese Spring＂,＂Pumai 9＂ and ＂Zhoumai 18＂.The induced powdery mildew resistance could be detected from 12 h to 96 h after MeJA treatment,and the peak value was at 24 h.Though there were differences between the three cultivars,MeJA significantly effect on the expressions of the 8 disease resistance related genes except TaGLP2a,and the peak values were at 12 h,24 h or 48 h after treatments.The strongest activation of MeJA was on PR9 and PR1 that their expressions could reach more than 100 times of the untreated samples.MeJA strongly activated PR2、PR4、PR5、PR3、PR10 and Ta-JA2,their expression could reach 10 to 70 times,and there was almost no activation effect on TaGLP2a.The induced powdery mildew resistance positively correlated with the induced expressions of the 8 disease related genes.[Conclusion] The induced powdery mildew resistance positively correlated with the induced expressions of the disease related genes.Jasmonate signalling plays a role in defence against Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici.and future manipulation of this pathway may improve powdery mildew resistance in wheat.
文摘Lectin and leghemoglobin in legumes play the important roles, respectively, in recognition of host plants to their rhizobial bacteria, and lowering the oxygen partial pressure around bacteroids and protecting nitrogenase from oxygen in symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules. In order to extend the host range of the rhizobial bacteria and to make them fix nitrogen in non-legumes, pea lectin gene (pl) and Parasponia hemoglobin gene ( phl,) have been constructed into a plant expression vector (pCBHUL) and the vector pCBHUL was introduced into rice calli from immature young embryos by particle bombardment. After the calli were regenerated into plantlets on the resistant-selecting media containing hygromycin, they were identified by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. It was indicated that the pi and phb genes were integrated into nucleic genome of the transformed rice plants. GUS activity and the product of the pi gene were determined by GUS staining, Western blot and in situ hybridization at translational level. Eighteen out of 40 plants resistant to hygromycin were positively identified by PCR analysis with the rate of 45%. The pi gene was expressed in 3 out of 18 plants with 17% and 7.5% in 40 plants. The results may provide a clue for exploring whether Rhizobium leguminosarum by. viceae could extend its host range and make the transgenic rice plants have the possibility of being symbiotic, or associative to nitrogen fixation.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujia n Province. Theoretical Research on Wood Thermal Property.
文摘In this paper, the theoretical expressions of wood thermal conductiv ity in the choral and radical direction are derived from the micro-structure of wood by applying some basic principles in physical mechanics. The thermal conduc tivities of about twenty species of trees were calculated by means of the expres sions and compared with its experimental values under the same condition. The av erage relative error is about 5%, so the calculation result is satisfactory.
基金Supported by Ministry of Science & Technology International Cooper-ation Project(2011DFB30340)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-36)the Project of Animal Breeding from Sichuan Bureau of Science & Technology(2006-YZGG-15)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the effects of rosiglitazone and serum on the expressions of PPARα and PPARγ genes in the induced differentiation process of pig preadipocyte.[Method] The pig preadipocyte was separated by using the collagenase digestion method.Three kinds of different differentiation culture solutions were used to induce the differentiation of pig preadipocyte.The oil red O staining extraction method was used to contrast the influences of different differentiation culture solutions on the variation of cellular fat content in the differentiation process.Moreover,the variation trends of PPARα and PPARγ expressions in the cellular differentiation process in the different differentiation culture solutions were detected by the real-time quantification PCR.[Result] The cellular fat accumulation was the fastest in MII which contained rosiglitazone and was the slowest in MI which didn＇t contain rosiglitazone.Rosiglitazone could significantly increase the expression of PPARγ gene（P0.01）,but had the certain inhibition effect on the expression of PPARα gene,which wasn＇t significant.The serum had the extremely significant up-regulation effect on the expression of PPARγ gene（P0.01）,but had the extremely significant down-regulation effect on the expression of PPARα gene（P0.01）.[Conclusion] Rosiglitazone could greatly promote the expression of PPARγ gene,which increased the cellular fat deposition.Maybe the activator of PPARγ gene existed in the serum,and the inhibitor of PPARα gene existed simultaneously.
基金supported by Ministry of Higher Education MalaysiaUniversiti Teknologi MARA,Malaysia
文摘Facial features under variant-expressions and partial occlusions could have degrading effect on overall face recognition performance. As a solution, we suggest that the contribution of these features on final classification should be determined. In order to represent facial features＇ contribution according to their variations, we propose a feature selection process that describes facial features as local independent component analysis （ICA） features. These local features are acquired using locally lateral subspace （LLS） strategy. Then, through linear discriminant analysis （LDA） we investigate the intraclass and interclass representation of each local ICA feature and express each feature＇s contribution via a weighting process. Using these weights, we define the contribution of each feature at local classifier level. In order to recognize faces under single sample constraint, we implement LLS strategy on locally linear embedding （LLE） along with the proposed feature selection. Additionally, we highlight the efficiency of the implementation of LLS strategy. The overall accuracy achieved by our approach on datasets with different facial expressions and partial occlusions such as AR, JAFFE, FERET and CK% is 90.70%. We present together in this paper survey results on face recognition performance and physiological feature selection performed by human subjects.
文摘Formation of apoptotic bodies is a typical character ofaPoptotic cell death, but how the processes are controlledis not known. In this study, we compared two apoptosisinducing systems in vascular endothelial cells (VEC). Wefound that the formation of aPoptotic bodies during apop-tosis induced by rattlesnake venom, which is an unique andspecific aPoptosis inducer to vascular endotheliaI cells, wasmuch faster than that induced by deprivation of survivalfactors (aFGF and serum). When we blocked the synthesisof mRNAs in cells treated with rattlesnake venom by DRB(5, 6- dichloro- 1 -β- D- rib ofur anosylb enzimidazole ), an in-hibitor of transcription, the formation of aPoptotic bodieswas dramatically inhibited. We examined the expressionof Psa gene and found that its expression was much higherin apoptosis induced by rattlesnake venom than that inaPoptosis induced by deprivation of aFGF and serum. Ourresults suggest that gene expression is important and P53gene may play a major role in inducing the formation ofapoptotic bodies in VEC.
基金by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61872339,61502184 and 61925203).
文摘Regular expressions are widely used within and even outside of computer science due to their expressiveness and flexibility.However, regular expressions have a quite compact and rather tolerant syntax that makes them hard to understand, hard to compose,and error-prone. Faulty regular expressions may cause failures of the applications that use them. Therefore, ensuring the correctness of regular expressions is a vital prerequisite for their use in practical applications. The importance and necessity of ensuring correct definitions of regular expressions have attracted extensive attention from researchers and practitioners, especially in recent years. In this study, we provide a review of the recent works for ensuring the correct usage of regular expressions. We classify those works into different categories, including the empirical study, test string generation, automatic synthesis and learning, static checking and verification,visual representation and explanation, and repairing. For each category, we review the main results, compare different approaches, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We also discuss some potential future research directions.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.61503423,H.P.Jiang).The URL is http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/.
文摘With the rapid development of deep learning and artificial intelligence,affective computing,as a branch field,has attracted increasing research attention.Human emotions are diverse and are directly expressed via nonphysiological indicators,such as electroencephalogram(EEG)signals.However,whether emotion-based or EEG-based,these remain single-modes of emotion recognition.Multi-mode fusion emotion recognition can improve accuracy by utilizing feature diversity and correlation.Therefore,three different models have been established:the single-mode-based EEG-long and short-term memory(LSTM)model,the Facial-LSTM model based on facial expressions processing EEG data,and the multi-mode LSTM-convolutional neural network(CNN)model that combines expressions and EEG.Their average classification accuracy was 86.48%,89.42%,and 93.13%,respectively.Compared with the EEG-LSTM model,the Facial-LSTM model improved by about 3%.This indicated that the expression mode helped eliminate EEG signals that contained few or no emotional features,enhancing emotion recognition accuracy.Compared with the Facial-LSTM model,the classification accuracy of the LSTM-CNN model improved by 3.7%,showing that the addition of facial expressions affected the EEG features to a certain extent.Therefore,using various modal features for emotion recognition conforms to human emotional expression.Furthermore,it improves feature diversity to facilitate further emotion recognition research.
文摘In this paper,we give the explicit expressions of level k (r 1,r 2,…,r k) circulant matrices of order n 1n 2…n k,and the explicit expressions for the eigenvalues,the determinants and the inverse matrices of the kind level k (r 1,r 2,…,r k) circulant matrices are derived,and it is also proved that the sort of matrices are diagonalizable.
文摘In this paper, we give the explicit expressions of level-k circulant matrices of type (n1,n2,…nk) and of order n1n2…nk,and the explicit expressions for the eigenvalues,the determinants and the inverse matrices of the kind level-k circulant matrices are derived,and it is also proved that the sort matrices are unitarily diagonalizable.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42104131)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China(Grant No.2022NSFSC1140)Open Fund(PLC20211101)of State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation
文摘The analysis technology of Amplitude Variation with Offset(AVO)is one of the important methods for oil and gas reservoir prediction.Zoeppritz equation and its approximations are the theoretical basis of AVO analysis,which assumes that the upper and lower media of a horizontal interface are single-phase media.Limited by this assumption,AVO analysis has limited prediction and identification accuracy for complex porous reservoirs.In view of this,the first-order approximate analytical expressions of oblique elastic wave at an interface of porous media are derived.Firstly,the incident and scattering characteristics of various waves at the interface of porous media are analyzed,and the displacement vectors generated by these elastic waves are described by exponential function.Secondly,the kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions at the interface of porous media are discussed.Thirdly,by substituting the displacement vectors of incident and scattered waves into boundary conditions,the exact analytical equation is derived.Then,considering the symmetry of scattering matrix in the equation,the exact analytical expressions of each scattered wave are obtained.Furthermore,under the assumptions of small incident angle,weak elasticity at an interface of porous media,and ignoring the second-and higherorder terms,the first-order approximate analytical expressions are derived.Establishing a model of sandstone porous media with different porosity in upper and lower media,the correctness of the approximate analytical expressions is verified,and the elastic wave response characteristics of lithology and pore fluids are analyzed.
文摘The expressions of HBV X gene and ets-2, IGF-I, c-myc and N-ras were studied in 7 pairs of human primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and tumor-adjacent tissues, using RNA hybridization and im-munoblot methods. The results showed that specific 17 and 28 kD HBV X gene products (HBxAg) were existed in a portion of PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues. The 17 kD HBxAg was detected in the sera of 3 patients who also had 17 kD HBxAg in their liver tissues. Multiple expressions of oncogenes such as ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were observed in PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues that had HBxAg expressed, indicating HBxAg might function as a transactivator in the course of intracellular proto-oncogene activation. It is also observed that in some tumor-adjacnet tissues the expressions of ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were higher than those in corresponding PHC. The relationship of HBxAg to the expression of est-2, IGF-Ⅱ, c-myc and their possible roles in the carcinogenesis of PHC are discussed.
