Temporal logics are often adopted as basic tools to specifying mental states such as belief and goal of agents. Although there are works on non-monotonic extension of linear temporal logic (LTL) and branching time tem...Temporal logics are often adopted as basic tools to specifying mental states such as belief and goal of agents. Although there are works on non-monotonic extension of linear temporal logic (LTL) and branching time temporal logic (CTL),the non-monotonic extension of alternating-time temporal logic (ATL) which is an important kind of multi-agent cooperation logics has not been discussed yet in literature. To solve this problem,this paper proposed non-monotonic alternating-time temporal logic with belief and goal,namely N-ATL-BG,to facilitate the non-monotonic reasoning of mental states of agents. The semantic model,syntax and semantics of this new logic are developed. A model checking algorithm which can be finished in polynomial time is proposed for this new logic. Examples are given to show its usage.展开更多
As an important result of the development of digital science and technology,artificial intelligence(AI)technology has penetrated all aspects of preschool education,bringing unprecedented changes to children’s learnin...As an important result of the development of digital science and technology,artificial intelligence(AI)technology has penetrated all aspects of preschool education,bringing unprecedented changes to children’s learning and development.Based on the current situation of preschool education,the article analyzes the characteristics of the application of AI equipment in children’s preschool education,and points out that the value of its application is mainly manifested in enriching the form of play in preschool education,improving the acceptance of students,enhancing the pertinence of preschool education based on big data prediction,and enriching the means of education for special children.Under the background of the rapid development of AI technology,the article puts forward countermeasures for the development of children’s education in the era of AI,adheres to the bottom-line principle of protecting children,and forms a good AI application scenario based on children’s needs.To further cultivate children’s AI literacy and strengthen the depth of AI application in preschool education,this article helps the users of preschool education to apply AI more effectively and achieve quality improvement of preschool education.展开更多
Introduction In September 2020,President Xi Jinping announced China's goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Compared to Europe and the United States,China faces a tighter timeline and a larger scale in achiev...Introduction In September 2020,President Xi Jinping announced China's goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Compared to Europe and the United States,China faces a tighter timeline and a larger scale in achieving its dual carbon goals,making the task exceptionally demanding.展开更多
The perpetually snow-capped mountain ranges,adorned with white clouds and coexisting with the swiftly descending Yigong Tsangpo River at their bases,perfectly encapsulate Nyiwo Township in Lhari County of Nagqu City,f...The perpetually snow-capped mountain ranges,adorned with white clouds and coexisting with the swiftly descending Yigong Tsangpo River at their bases,perfectly encapsulate Nyiwo Township in Lhari County of Nagqu City,forming a picturesque landscape.Nyiwo Township is cherished and particularly nurtured by nature,allowing the entire township to enjoy exceptionally favourable seasons.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the effect of exceptional points(EPs) on the violation of Leggett–Garg inequality(LGI) and no-signaling-in-time(NSIT) conditions and compare the different effects between the Hamiltonian...In this paper, we investigate the effect of exceptional points(EPs) on the violation of Leggett–Garg inequality(LGI) and no-signaling-in-time(NSIT) conditions and compare the different effects between the Hamiltonian EP(HEP) and Liouvillian EP(LEP) on those violations. We consider an open system consisting of two coupled qubits and each qubit is contacted with a thermal bath at a different temperature. In the case of omitting quantum jumps, we find that the system exhibits a second-order HEP, which separates the parameter space into an overdamped regime and an underdamped regime. In this situation, the LGI and NSIT conditions can be violated in both regimes and not violated at the HEP. In the case of without omitting quantum jumps, we find that the system exhibits a third-order LEP, which also separates the parameter space into an overdamped regime and an underdamped regime. In this situation, the LGI can only be violated in the underdamped regime with large coupling strength between the qubits.Conversely, the NSIT conditions can be violated in both regimes, as well as at the LEP, except in the overdamped regime with small coupling strength between the qubits. Comparing the violations of the LGI and NSIT conditions with HEP and LEP, we find that the quantum jumps would reduce the generation of coherence, enhance the decoherence, and lead to narrower parameter regimes that the LGI and NSIT conditions can be violated. Furthermore, in both cases,the NSIT conditions can be violated in a wider parameter regime than the LGI.展开更多
General rules of English can get you a long way, but both the beauty and the bane (本义:毒药;祸害) of English is that there are exceptions to everything. Pluralizing(使成为复数)words isn’t always a simple matter of a...General rules of English can get you a long way, but both the beauty and the bane (本义:毒药;祸害) of English is that there are exceptions to everything. Pluralizing(使成为复数)words isn’t always a simple matter of adding an s on the end, and switching(转换)a word from masculine(阳性的)form to feminine(阴性的)form isn’t always a matter of adding ess.展开更多
Despite the availability of garbage collectors, programmers must manually manage non-memory finite system resources such as file descriptors. Resource leaks can gradually consume all available resources and cause prog...Despite the availability of garbage collectors, programmers must manually manage non-memory finite system resources such as file descriptors. Resource leaks can gradually consume all available resources and cause programs to raise resource exhaustion exceptions. However, programmers commonly provide no effective recovery approach for resource exhaustion exceptions, which often causes programs to halt without completing their tasks. In this paper, we propose to automatically recover programs from resource exhaustion exceptions caused by resource leaks. We transform programs to catch resource exhaustion exceptions, collect leaked resources, and then retry the failure code. A resource collector is designed to identify leaked resources and safely release them. We implement our approach for Java programs. Experimental results show that our approach can successfully handle resource exhaustion exceptions caused by reported resource leaks and allow programs to complete their tasks with an average execution time increase of 2.52% and negligible bytecode size increase.展开更多
This paper presents a declarative semantics of compositional inheritancein an object-oriented logic programming' framework wit h explicit exceptions,based on the iterated least Aspoint semantics to normal logic pr...This paper presents a declarative semantics of compositional inheritancein an object-oriented logic programming' framework wit h explicit exceptions,based on the iterated least Aspoint semantics to normal logic programs. Tak-ing logic objects with exceptions as a ldnd of nonmonotonic theory, the nonmonotonicity of inheritance is achieved, which is of importance for modelingincomplete knowledge and requirement specffications in both artificial intelli-gence and softwa-re engineering.展开更多
BIG models or foundation models are rapidly emerging as a key force in advancing intelligent societies[1]–[3]Their significance stems not only from their exceptional ability to process complex data and simulate advan...BIG models or foundation models are rapidly emerging as a key force in advancing intelligent societies[1]–[3]Their significance stems not only from their exceptional ability to process complex data and simulate advanced cognitive functions,but also from their potential to drive innovation across various industries.展开更多
As an ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor,diamond garners significant interest due to its exceptional physical properties^([1–3]).These superior characteristics make diamonds highly promising for applications in power e...As an ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor,diamond garners significant interest due to its exceptional physical properties^([1–3]).These superior characteristics make diamonds highly promising for applications in power electronics^([4]),deep-ultraviolet detectors^([5]),high-energy particle detectors^([6]),and quantum devices based on color centers^([7]).展开更多
It is found that when the parity–time symmetry phenomenon is introduced into the resonant optical gyro system and it works near the exceptional point,the sensitivity can in theory be significantly amplified at low an...It is found that when the parity–time symmetry phenomenon is introduced into the resonant optical gyro system and it works near the exceptional point,the sensitivity can in theory be significantly amplified at low angular rate.However,in fact,the exceptional point is easily disturbed by external environmental variables,which means that it depends on harsh experimental environment and strong control ability,so it is difficult to move towards practical application.Here,we propose a new angular rate sensor structure based on exceptional surface,which has the advantages of high sensitivity and high robustness.The system consists of two fiber-optic ring resonators and two optical loop mirrors,and one of the resonators contains a variable ratio coupler and a variable optical attenuator.We theoretically analyze the system response,and the effects of phase and coupling ratio on the system response.Finally,compared with the conventional resonant gyro,the sensitivity of this exceptional surface angular rate sensor can be improved by about 300 times at low speed.In addition,by changing the loss coefficient in the ring resonator,we can achieve a wide range of 600 rad/s.This scheme provides a new approach for the development of ultra-high sensitivity and wide range angular rate sensors in the future.展开更多
We study the exceptional-point(EP) structure and the associated quantum dynamics in a system consisting of a non-Hermitian qubit and a Hermitian qubit. We find that the system possesses two sets of EPs, which divide t...We study the exceptional-point(EP) structure and the associated quantum dynamics in a system consisting of a non-Hermitian qubit and a Hermitian qubit. We find that the system possesses two sets of EPs, which divide the systemparameter space into PT-symmetry unbroken, partially broken and fully broken regimes, each with distinct quantumdynamics characteristics. Particularly, in the partially broken regime, while the PT-symmetry is generally broken in the whole four-dimensional Hilbert space, it is preserved in a two-dimensional subspace such that the quantum dynamics in the subspace are similar to those in the PT-symmetry unbroken regime. In addition, we reveal that the competition between the inter-qubit coupling and the intra-qubit driving gives rise to a complex pattern in the EP variation with system parameters.展开更多
SnO_(2)films exhibit significant potential as cost-effective and high electron mobility substitutes for In_(2)O_(3)films.In this study,Li is incorporated into the interstitial site of the SnO_(2)lattice resulting in a...SnO_(2)films exhibit significant potential as cost-effective and high electron mobility substitutes for In_(2)O_(3)films.In this study,Li is incorporated into the interstitial site of the SnO_(2)lattice resulting in an exceptionally low resistivity of 2.028×10^(-3)Ω·cm along with a high carrier concentration of 1.398×10^(20)cm^(-3)and carrier mobility of 22.02 cm^(2)/V·s.展开更多
Aqueous organic redoxflow batteries(AORFBs)have pioneered new routes for large-scale energy storage.The tunable nature of redox-active organic molecules provides a robust foundation for creating innovative AORFBs with ...Aqueous organic redoxflow batteries(AORFBs)have pioneered new routes for large-scale energy storage.The tunable nature of redox-active organic molecules provides a robust foundation for creating innovative AORFBs with exceptional performance.Molecular engineering endows various organic molecules with considerable advantages in solubility,stability,and redox potential.Advanced characterizations have enabled a comprehensive understanding of the redox reaction and degradation mechanisms of these organic molecules.Computational chemistry and machine learning have guided the development of new organic molecules.The practical application of AORFBs will depend on the complementary efforts of multiple parties.This paper consolidates the current design principles of molecular engineering,degradation mechanisms,characterization techniques,and the utilization of computational chemistry.It also offers perspectives and forecasts the necessary attributes and strategic efforts for the next-generation AORFBs,aiming to provide the research community with a deeper understanding.展开更多
Enzymes are extremely complicated biocatalysts in several industrial processes due to their numerous advantages over conventional catalysts,including lower physiological and environmental toxicity,exceptional selectiv...Enzymes are extremely complicated biocatalysts in several industrial processes due to their numerous advantages over conventional catalysts,including lower physiological and environmental toxicity,exceptional selectivity,and milder reaction conditions[1].However,their widespread applications are constrained by the high production costs,low operational stability,and complexity involved in the recovery and reusability of enzymes[2].展开更多
We propose a quasi-one-dimensional non-Hermitian Creutz ladder with an entirely flat spectrum by introducing alternating gain and loss components while maintaining inversion symmetry.Destructive interference generates...We propose a quasi-one-dimensional non-Hermitian Creutz ladder with an entirely flat spectrum by introducing alternating gain and loss components while maintaining inversion symmetry.Destructive interference generates a flat spectrum at the exceptional point,where the Creutz ladder maintains coalesced and degenerate eigenvalues with compact localized states distributed in a single plaquette.All excitations are completely confined within the localization area,unaffected by gain and loss.Single-site excitations exhibit nonunitary dynamics with intensities increasing due to level coalescence,while multiple-site excitations may display oscillating or constant intensities at the exceptional point.These results provide insights into the fascinating dynamics of non-Hermitian localization,where level coalescence and degeneracy coexist at the exceptional point.展开更多
Graphene(Gr)with widely acclaimed characteristics,such as exceptionally long spin diffusion length at room temperature,provides an outstanding platform for spintronics.However,its inherent weak spin–orbit coupling(SO...Graphene(Gr)with widely acclaimed characteristics,such as exceptionally long spin diffusion length at room temperature,provides an outstanding platform for spintronics.However,its inherent weak spin–orbit coupling(SOC)has limited its efficiency for generating the spin currents in order to control the magnetization switching process for applications in spintronics memories.Following the theoretical prediction on the enhancement of SOC in Gr by heavy atoms adsorption,here we experimentally observe a sizeable spin–orbit torques(SOTs)in Gr by the decoration of its surface with Pt adatoms in Gr/Pt(t Pt)/Fe Ni trilayers with the optimal damping-like SOT efficiency around 0.55 by 0.6-nm-thick Pt layer adsorption.The value is nearly four times larger than that of the Pt/Fe Ni sample without Gr and nearly twice the value of the Gr/Fe Ni sample without Pt adsorption.The efficiency of the enhanced SOT in Gr by Pt adatoms is also demonstrated by the field-free SOT magnetization switching process with a relatively low critical current density around 5.4 MA/cm^(2)in Gr/Pt/Fe Ni trilayers with the in-plane magnetic anisotropy.These findings pave the way for Gr spintronics applications,offering solutions for future low power consumption memories.展开更多
Feature extraction of point clouds is a fundamental component of three-dimensional(3D)vision tasks.While existing feature extraction networks primarily focus on enhancing the geometric perception abilities of networks...Feature extraction of point clouds is a fundamental component of three-dimensional(3D)vision tasks.While existing feature extraction networks primarily focus on enhancing the geometric perception abilities of networks and overlook the crucial role played by coordinates.For instance,though two airplane wings share the same shape,it demands distinct feature representations due to their differing positions.In this paper,we introduce a novel module called position aware module(PAM)to leverage the coordinate features of points for positional encoding,and integrating this encoding into the feature extraction network to provide essential positional context.Furthermore,we embed PAM into the Point Net++framework,and design a novel feature extraction network,named Point Net V3.To validate the effectiveness of Point Net V3,we conducted comprehensive experiments including classification,object tracking and object detection on point cloud.The results of remarkable improvement in three tasks demonstrate the exceptional performance achieved by Point Net V3 in point cloud processing.展开更多
The combination of non-Hermitian physics and Majorana fermions can give rise to new effects in quantum transport systems. In this work, we investigate the interplay of PT-symmetric complex potentials, Majorana tunneli...The combination of non-Hermitian physics and Majorana fermions can give rise to new effects in quantum transport systems. In this work, we investigate the interplay of PT-symmetric complex potentials, Majorana tunneling and interdot tunneling in a non-Hermitian double quantum dots system. It is found that in the weak-coupling regime the Majorana tunneling has pronounced effects on the transport properties of such a system, manifested as splitting of the single peak into three and a reduced 1/4 peak in the transmission function. In the presence of the PT-symmetric complex potentials and interdot tunneling, the 1/4 central peak is robust against them, while the two side peaks are tuned by them. The interdot tunneling only induces asymmetry, instead of moving the conductance peak, due to the robustness of the Majorana modes. There is an exceptional point induced by the union of Majorana tunneling and interdot tunneling. With increased PT-symmetric complex potentials, the two side peaks will move towards each other. When the exceptional point is passed through, these two side peaks will disappear. In the strong-coupling regime, the Majorana fermion induces a 1/4 conductance dip instead of the three-peak structure. PT-symmetric complex potentials induce two conductance dips pinned at the exceptional point. These effects should be accessible in experiments.展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China ( No.2006J0316)College Scientific and Technological Project of Office of Education of Fujian Province of China ( No.JB09302)Scientific Research Foundation for Young Teachers ofFujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China (No.08B21)
文摘Temporal logics are often adopted as basic tools to specifying mental states such as belief and goal of agents. Although there are works on non-monotonic extension of linear temporal logic (LTL) and branching time temporal logic (CTL),the non-monotonic extension of alternating-time temporal logic (ATL) which is an important kind of multi-agent cooperation logics has not been discussed yet in literature. To solve this problem,this paper proposed non-monotonic alternating-time temporal logic with belief and goal,namely N-ATL-BG,to facilitate the non-monotonic reasoning of mental states of agents. The semantic model,syntax and semantics of this new logic are developed. A model checking algorithm which can be finished in polynomial time is proposed for this new logic. Examples are given to show its usage.
文摘As an important result of the development of digital science and technology,artificial intelligence(AI)technology has penetrated all aspects of preschool education,bringing unprecedented changes to children’s learning and development.Based on the current situation of preschool education,the article analyzes the characteristics of the application of AI equipment in children’s preschool education,and points out that the value of its application is mainly manifested in enriching the form of play in preschool education,improving the acceptance of students,enhancing the pertinence of preschool education based on big data prediction,and enriching the means of education for special children.Under the background of the rapid development of AI technology,the article puts forward countermeasures for the development of children’s education in the era of AI,adheres to the bottom-line principle of protecting children,and forms a good AI application scenario based on children’s needs.To further cultivate children’s AI literacy and strengthen the depth of AI application in preschool education,this article helps the users of preschool education to apply AI more effectively and achieve quality improvement of preschool education.
文摘Introduction In September 2020,President Xi Jinping announced China's goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Compared to Europe and the United States,China faces a tighter timeline and a larger scale in achieving its dual carbon goals,making the task exceptionally demanding.
文摘The perpetually snow-capped mountain ranges,adorned with white clouds and coexisting with the swiftly descending Yigong Tsangpo River at their bases,perfectly encapsulate Nyiwo Township in Lhari County of Nagqu City,forming a picturesque landscape.Nyiwo Township is cherished and particularly nurtured by nature,allowing the entire township to enjoy exceptionally favourable seasons.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 11775019 and 11875086)。
文摘In this paper, we investigate the effect of exceptional points(EPs) on the violation of Leggett–Garg inequality(LGI) and no-signaling-in-time(NSIT) conditions and compare the different effects between the Hamiltonian EP(HEP) and Liouvillian EP(LEP) on those violations. We consider an open system consisting of two coupled qubits and each qubit is contacted with a thermal bath at a different temperature. In the case of omitting quantum jumps, we find that the system exhibits a second-order HEP, which separates the parameter space into an overdamped regime and an underdamped regime. In this situation, the LGI and NSIT conditions can be violated in both regimes and not violated at the HEP. In the case of without omitting quantum jumps, we find that the system exhibits a third-order LEP, which also separates the parameter space into an overdamped regime and an underdamped regime. In this situation, the LGI can only be violated in the underdamped regime with large coupling strength between the qubits.Conversely, the NSIT conditions can be violated in both regimes, as well as at the LEP, except in the overdamped regime with small coupling strength between the qubits. Comparing the violations of the LGI and NSIT conditions with HEP and LEP, we find that the quantum jumps would reduce the generation of coherence, enhance the decoherence, and lead to narrower parameter regimes that the LGI and NSIT conditions can be violated. Furthermore, in both cases,the NSIT conditions can be violated in a wider parameter regime than the LGI.
文摘General rules of English can get you a long way, but both the beauty and the bane (本义:毒药;祸害) of English is that there are exceptions to everything. Pluralizing(使成为复数)words isn’t always a simple matter of adding an s on the end, and switching(转换)a word from masculine(阳性的)form to feminine(阴性的)form isn’t always a matter of adding ess.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61379054 and 91318301)the National High-Tech R&D Program(863)of China(No.2012AA011201)
文摘Despite the availability of garbage collectors, programmers must manually manage non-memory finite system resources such as file descriptors. Resource leaks can gradually consume all available resources and cause programs to raise resource exhaustion exceptions. However, programmers commonly provide no effective recovery approach for resource exhaustion exceptions, which often causes programs to halt without completing their tasks. In this paper, we propose to automatically recover programs from resource exhaustion exceptions caused by resource leaks. We transform programs to catch resource exhaustion exceptions, collect leaked resources, and then retry the failure code. A resource collector is designed to identify leaked resources and safely release them. We implement our approach for Java programs. Experimental results show that our approach can successfully handle resource exhaustion exceptions caused by reported resource leaks and allow programs to complete their tasks with an average execution time increase of 2.52% and negligible bytecode size increase.
文摘This paper presents a declarative semantics of compositional inheritancein an object-oriented logic programming' framework wit h explicit exceptions,based on the iterated least Aspoint semantics to normal logic programs. Tak-ing logic objects with exceptions as a ldnd of nonmonotonic theory, the nonmonotonicity of inheritance is achieved, which is of importance for modelingincomplete knowledge and requirement specffications in both artificial intelli-gence and softwa-re engineering.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62103411)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SAR(0093/2023/RIA2,0050/2020/A1)。
文摘BIG models or foundation models are rapidly emerging as a key force in advancing intelligent societies[1]–[3]Their significance stems not only from their exceptional ability to process complex data and simulate advanced cognitive functions,but also from their potential to drive innovation across various industries.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3608600)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Grant No.Z181100004418009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61927806)。
文摘As an ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor,diamond garners significant interest due to its exceptional physical properties^([1–3]).These superior characteristics make diamonds highly promising for applications in power electronics^([4]),deep-ultraviolet detectors^([5]),high-energy particle detectors^([6]),and quantum devices based on color centers^([7]).
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.62273314,U21A20141,and 51821003)Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (Grant No.202303021224008)Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measure-ment (Grant No.201905D121001).
文摘It is found that when the parity–time symmetry phenomenon is introduced into the resonant optical gyro system and it works near the exceptional point,the sensitivity can in theory be significantly amplified at low angular rate.However,in fact,the exceptional point is easily disturbed by external environmental variables,which means that it depends on harsh experimental environment and strong control ability,so it is difficult to move towards practical application.Here,we propose a new angular rate sensor structure based on exceptional surface,which has the advantages of high sensitivity and high robustness.The system consists of two fiber-optic ring resonators and two optical loop mirrors,and one of the resonators contains a variable ratio coupler and a variable optical attenuator.We theoretically analyze the system response,and the effects of phase and coupling ratio on the system response.Finally,compared with the conventional resonant gyro,the sensitivity of this exceptional surface angular rate sensor can be improved by about 300 times at low speed.In addition,by changing the loss coefficient in the ring resonator,we can achieve a wide range of 600 rad/s.This scheme provides a new approach for the development of ultra-high sensitivity and wide range angular rate sensors in the future.
基金partly funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Grant Nos. ZR2021MA091 and ZR2018MA044)Introduction and Cultivation Plan of Youth Innovation Talents for Universities of Shandong Province (Research and Innovation Team on Materials Modification and Optoelectronic Devices at extreme conditions)。
文摘We study the exceptional-point(EP) structure and the associated quantum dynamics in a system consisting of a non-Hermitian qubit and a Hermitian qubit. We find that the system possesses two sets of EPs, which divide the systemparameter space into PT-symmetry unbroken, partially broken and fully broken regimes, each with distinct quantumdynamics characteristics. Particularly, in the partially broken regime, while the PT-symmetry is generally broken in the whole four-dimensional Hilbert space, it is preserved in a two-dimensional subspace such that the quantum dynamics in the subspace are similar to those in the PT-symmetry unbroken regime. In addition, we reveal that the competition between the inter-qubit coupling and the intra-qubit driving gives rise to a complex pattern in the EP variation with system parameters.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2021B0101260001)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2019A1515110411)partly the INTPART Program at the Research Council of Norway(Grant No.322382)。
文摘SnO_(2)films exhibit significant potential as cost-effective and high electron mobility substitutes for In_(2)O_(3)films.In this study,Li is incorporated into the interstitial site of the SnO_(2)lattice resulting in an exceptionally low resistivity of 2.028×10^(-3)Ω·cm along with a high carrier concentration of 1.398×10^(20)cm^(-3)and carrier mobility of 22.02 cm^(2)/V·s.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2004214and 22350710185).
文摘Aqueous organic redoxflow batteries(AORFBs)have pioneered new routes for large-scale energy storage.The tunable nature of redox-active organic molecules provides a robust foundation for creating innovative AORFBs with exceptional performance.Molecular engineering endows various organic molecules with considerable advantages in solubility,stability,and redox potential.Advanced characterizations have enabled a comprehensive understanding of the redox reaction and degradation mechanisms of these organic molecules.Computational chemistry and machine learning have guided the development of new organic molecules.The practical application of AORFBs will depend on the complementary efforts of multiple parties.This paper consolidates the current design principles of molecular engineering,degradation mechanisms,characterization techniques,and the utilization of computational chemistry.It also offers perspectives and forecasts the necessary attributes and strategic efforts for the next-generation AORFBs,aiming to provide the research community with a deeper understanding.
基金the support from Nanqiang Young Talents Supporting Program of Xiamen University。
文摘Enzymes are extremely complicated biocatalysts in several industrial processes due to their numerous advantages over conventional catalysts,including lower physiological and environmental toxicity,exceptional selectivity,and milder reaction conditions[1].However,their widespread applications are constrained by the high production costs,low operational stability,and complexity involved in the recovery and reusability of enzymes[2].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12222504 and 11975128).
文摘We propose a quasi-one-dimensional non-Hermitian Creutz ladder with an entirely flat spectrum by introducing alternating gain and loss components while maintaining inversion symmetry.Destructive interference generates a flat spectrum at the exceptional point,where the Creutz ladder maintains coalesced and degenerate eigenvalues with compact localized states distributed in a single plaquette.All excitations are completely confined within the localization area,unaffected by gain and loss.Single-site excitations exhibit nonunitary dynamics with intensities increasing due to level coalescence,while multiple-site excitations may display oscillating or constant intensities at the exceptional point.These results provide insights into the fascinating dynamics of non-Hermitian localization,where level coalescence and degeneracy coexist at the exceptional point.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3501304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91963201 and 51671098)+4 种基金the 111 Project(Grant No.B20063)the Open Research Fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(Grant No.2023SLABFN05)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University PCSIRT(Grant No.IRT16R35)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.lzujbky-2021-ct01)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA474)。
文摘Graphene(Gr)with widely acclaimed characteristics,such as exceptionally long spin diffusion length at room temperature,provides an outstanding platform for spintronics.However,its inherent weak spin–orbit coupling(SOC)has limited its efficiency for generating the spin currents in order to control the magnetization switching process for applications in spintronics memories.Following the theoretical prediction on the enhancement of SOC in Gr by heavy atoms adsorption,here we experimentally observe a sizeable spin–orbit torques(SOTs)in Gr by the decoration of its surface with Pt adatoms in Gr/Pt(t Pt)/Fe Ni trilayers with the optimal damping-like SOT efficiency around 0.55 by 0.6-nm-thick Pt layer adsorption.The value is nearly four times larger than that of the Pt/Fe Ni sample without Gr and nearly twice the value of the Gr/Fe Ni sample without Pt adsorption.The efficiency of the enhanced SOT in Gr by Pt adatoms is also demonstrated by the field-free SOT magnetization switching process with a relatively low critical current density around 5.4 MA/cm^(2)in Gr/Pt/Fe Ni trilayers with the in-plane magnetic anisotropy.These findings pave the way for Gr spintronics applications,offering solutions for future low power consumption memories.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY22F030015)。
文摘Feature extraction of point clouds is a fundamental component of three-dimensional(3D)vision tasks.While existing feature extraction networks primarily focus on enhancing the geometric perception abilities of networks and overlook the crucial role played by coordinates.For instance,though two airplane wings share the same shape,it demands distinct feature representations due to their differing positions.In this paper,we introduce a novel module called position aware module(PAM)to leverage the coordinate features of points for positional encoding,and integrating this encoding into the feature extraction network to provide essential positional context.Furthermore,we embed PAM into the Point Net++framework,and design a novel feature extraction network,named Point Net V3.To validate the effectiveness of Point Net V3,we conducted comprehensive experiments including classification,object tracking and object detection on point cloud.The results of remarkable improvement in three tasks demonstrate the exceptional performance achieved by Point Net V3 in point cloud processing.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11834005)。
文摘The combination of non-Hermitian physics and Majorana fermions can give rise to new effects in quantum transport systems. In this work, we investigate the interplay of PT-symmetric complex potentials, Majorana tunneling and interdot tunneling in a non-Hermitian double quantum dots system. It is found that in the weak-coupling regime the Majorana tunneling has pronounced effects on the transport properties of such a system, manifested as splitting of the single peak into three and a reduced 1/4 peak in the transmission function. In the presence of the PT-symmetric complex potentials and interdot tunneling, the 1/4 central peak is robust against them, while the two side peaks are tuned by them. The interdot tunneling only induces asymmetry, instead of moving the conductance peak, due to the robustness of the Majorana modes. There is an exceptional point induced by the union of Majorana tunneling and interdot tunneling. With increased PT-symmetric complex potentials, the two side peaks will move towards each other. When the exceptional point is passed through, these two side peaks will disappear. In the strong-coupling regime, the Majorana fermion induces a 1/4 conductance dip instead of the three-peak structure. PT-symmetric complex potentials induce two conductance dips pinned at the exceptional point. These effects should be accessible in experiments.
