Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospi...Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected.All patients received cervical Pap smear examination,and patients with abnormal examination results underwent colposcopic biopsy and HPV infection test for cervical cancer screening.Results:The results of cervical Pap smear showed that a total of 780 patients among 1200 patients showed cervical abnormalities.The Pap smear combined with colposcopy was used for pathological examination to detect cervical cancer lesions in time,and biopsy and HPV infection examination were arranged for high-risk patients to provide data reference for clinical treatment.Conclusions:Pathological examination has a good screening effect in gynecological physical examination.It can detect lesions early and take timely intervention measures,which is helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.展开更多
Objective:To study the application effect of the multi-role positioning service model in hypertensive patients in the health examination center.Methods:A total of 152 hypertensive patients admitted to the hospital’s ...Objective:To study the application effect of the multi-role positioning service model in hypertensive patients in the health examination center.Methods:A total of 152 hypertensive patients admitted to the hospital’s health examination center from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected as the subjects.They were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method.The control group(76 cases)received conventional physical examination service mode,while the observation group(76 cases)adopted the multi-role positioning service model.The nurse proficiency and physical examination quality were compared between the two groups.Results:The nurse proficiency scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The physical examination quality scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The adoption of the multi-role positioning service model for hypertensive patients in the health examination center can improve nurse proficiency and physical examination quality.展开更多
The medical education of the Song dynasty constitutes a pivotal aspect within the broader framework of ancient Chinese medical education. The advent of the imperial examination system coincided with the emergence of a...The medical education of the Song dynasty constitutes a pivotal aspect within the broader framework of ancient Chinese medical education. The advent of the imperial examination system coincided with the emergence of a medical examination system, which served as the cornerstone for the subsequent evolution of medical education. According to historical records, the Song government established dedicated medical departments, along with comprehensive systems encompassing medical professors, students, and examinations. By examining extant medical historical documents, such as Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge(《太医局诸科程文格》 Examination Answers and Standards of the Imperial Medical Bureau), researchers and readers can obtain a comprehensive understanding of the medical system that prevailed in the Song dynasty. While the intricate details of medical education during this era are not explicitly documented in historical records, modern researchers have the opportunity to uncover the entire view of medical education, particularly the medical examination system, through rigorous analysis of these extant historical medical documents. Such studies offer valuable insights into the developmental trajectory of the ancient Chinese medical examination system and provide crucial references for contemporary medical education. By conducting in-depth literature research and analysis of Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge, this study endeavors to reconstruct the authentic scenario of medical examinations in the Song dynasty, as presented in the document, for the benefit of modern readers and researchers.展开更多
Objective:The objective of this research is to thoroughly investigate the extent of mutual interference among clinical internships,postgraduate entrance examinations,and employment by examining engineering contradicti...Objective:The objective of this research is to thoroughly investigate the extent of mutual interference among clinical internships,postgraduate entrance examinations,and employment by examining engineering contradictions,thus offering theoretical insights and guidance for medical students to attain high-quality outcomes in clinical internships.Methods:A combination of literature reviews,questionnaires,interviews,and observations of internships was utilized,followed by a statistical analysis to assess the levels of interference among the three factors.Results:The senior participants achieved significantly higher scores than their junior counterparts in evaluations of comprehensive humanistic quality,understanding professional values,communication abilities,clinical skills,and attitudes towards learning,with differences that were statistically significant(p<0.05).After applying an interactive training approach that merges early clinical practice with foundational medical education,both groups displayed notable enhancements in activity content,formats,instructor attitudes,clinical performance,and the blending of theory with practice(p<0.05).Conclusion:By emphasizing‘early clinical’education,students are effectively engaged in clinical practice through active involvement,leading to feedback-oriented training.This strategy not only improves the overall quality of internships but also reduces the risk of scheduling conflicts with postgraduate entrance examinations and employment opportunities.展开更多
Background:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel cable-transmitted magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(CTMCE)system for upper gastrointestinal examination.Methods:Twenty-six participants(19 healthy v...Background:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel cable-transmitted magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(CTMCE)system for upper gastrointestinal examination.Methods:Twenty-six participants(19 healthy volunteers and seven patients with gastrointestinal symptoms)willing to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were recruited.Each participant underwent CT-MCE followed by conventional gastroscopy within 24 h.Maneuverability and visibility of the CT-MCE capsule in the upper gastrointestinal tract,adverse events,and discomfort during the procedure were evaluated.The sensitivity and specificity of CT-MCE for diagnosing upper gastrointestinal lesions were evaluated using conventional gastroscopy findings as the standard.Results:Maneuverability was graded as“good”for all segments of the esophagus.The percentage of participants in which maneuverability was good according to gastric region was as follows:cardia(100.00%),pylorus(96.15%),angulus(92.31%),antrum(88.46%),fundus(84.62%),and body(73.08%).In the duodenal bulb and descending duodenum,it was good in only 20.83% and 16.67% of participants,respectively.Visibility was graded as“excellent”or“good”in the esophagus,Z line,and duodenal bulb in all participants;excellent/good visibility was achieved in the stomach and descending duodenum in 96.15% and 79.17% of participants,respectively.Forty-one lesions were detected overall.The sensitivity and specificity of CT-MCE in diagnosing upper gastrointestinal lesions were 85.00% and 98.15%,respectively.The CT-MCE capsule was successfully removed through the mouth in all participants.No serious adverse events or capsule retention occurred.Conclusions:CT-MCE showed good feasibility and safety for upper gastrointestinal examination.The system was effective in examining the esophagus and stomach with no risk of capsule retention.展开更多
Digital rectal examination(DRE)is essential for diagnosing anorectal diseases,yet its widespread adoption remains suboptimal among practitioners.While modalities such as anorectal manometry,rectal balloon expulsion te...Digital rectal examination(DRE)is essential for diagnosing anorectal diseases,yet its widespread adoption remains suboptimal among practitioners.While modalities such as anorectal manometry,rectal balloon expulsion tests,pelvic floor electromyography,and dynamic imaging(defecography/pelvic floor magnetic resonance imaging)enable comprehensive assessment of anorectal function,many healthcare facilities lack advanced diagnostic tools and specialized personnel.DRE has notable diagnostic value in the primary evaluation of functional defecation disorders(FDDs),particularly for detecting dyssynergic defecation and structural pelvic floor defects.Its cost efficiency and universal accessibility render it indispensable in resource-limited environments where high-resolution diagnostic technologies(e.g.,high-resolution manometry)are unavailable.This review delineates standardized DRE protocols for assessing FDDs and highlights characteristic imaging features of FDDs with the aim of improving the understanding of DRE.This review will hopefully encourage clinicians to perform DREs in diverse clinical settings.展开更多
This guideline seeks to thoroughly investigate the standardized operational procedures for visual function and imaging examinations prior to vitreoretinal surgery.Preoperative assessments can greatly assist clinicians...This guideline seeks to thoroughly investigate the standardized operational procedures for visual function and imaging examinations prior to vitreoretinal surgery.Preoperative assessments can greatly assist clinicians in determining surgical indications,assessing patient conditions,and offering valuable assistance in formulating surgical strategies and predicting outcomes.Developed by a collaborative team of experts from the Ophthalmic Imaging and Intelligent Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Education Association,in conjunction with the Ophthalmic Imaging and Intelligent Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Education Association,these guidelines have been formulated through extensive research and evaluation,incorporating the latest technological advancements and studies on a global and domestic scale in vitreoretinal surgery.After extensive deliberations and incorporation of up-to-date clinical data,these guidelines have been developed to assist in standardizing preoperative examinations for vitreoretinal surgery.The overarching goals include improving medical quality,maximizing resource allocation,offering decision-making assistance,and safeguarding patient rights.This document provides a comprehensive analysis of preoperative assessments for vitreoretinal procedures,covering principles,methodologies,and precautions related to a range of diagnostic techniques including ultra-wide-angle fundus imaging,fluorescein angiography,indocyanine green angiography,ophthalmic B-ultrasound examinations,ultrasound biomicroscopy,optical coherence tomography,optical coherence tomography angiography,orbital CT scan,orbital MRI,and ophthalmic electrophysiology tests such as electroretinograms,visually evoked potentials,and visual field testing.展开更多
During the process of urbanization,community environments encounter challenges such as data disconnection and the underutilization of small and micro spaces.The establishment of“complete communities”necessitates the...During the process of urbanization,community environments encounter challenges such as data disconnection and the underutilization of small and micro spaces.The establishment of“complete communities”necessitates the implementation of refined governance strategies.This research develops a path for the precise establishment of community micro-gardens driven by mobile measurement.It involves the collection of environmental data via mobile devices equipped with various types of sensors,the generation of visualization maps that are adjusted for spatio-temporal synchronization,and the identification of environmental paint points,including areas of excessive temperature exposure and zones with elevated noise levels.Based on the aforementioned considerations,various plant allocation strategies have been proposed for distinct areas.For instance,the implementation of a composite shade and cooling vegetation system is recommended for regions experiencing high temperatures,while a triple protection structure is suggested for areas affected by odor contamination.The efficacy of these strategies is demonstrated through a case study of the micro-garden transformation in the Dongjie Community of Wulituo Street,Shijingshan,Beijing.The study presents operational technical pathways and plant response solutions aimed at facilitating data-driven governance of community micro-environments.展开更多
AIM:To develop a nomogram to predict the risk of visual impairment(VI)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS:Totally 897 patients with CKD were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination...AIM:To develop a nomogram to predict the risk of visual impairment(VI)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS:Totally 897 patients with CKD were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).The training and validation sets were divided in a 7:3 ratio.Multivariate logistic regression and bidirectional stepwise regression was used to select the factor of developing nomogram.The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by receiver operator characteristic curve,calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS:Age,diastolic blood pressure,glucose,serum creatinine,income at or above poverty,and history of smoking were included in the nomogram.And the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the training and validation sets were 0.684 and 0.640,respectively.The fit of the model was demonstrated the calibration curve,and DCA showed the value of clinical application.CONCLUSION:The nomogram may help to screening the probability of VI in patients with CKD.Larger samples are needed to validate and improve the model to increase its efficacy.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of quality management models in enhancing service quality at physical examination centers.Methods:A total of 1,200 examinees who received services at our hospital’s physical...Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of quality management models in enhancing service quality at physical examination centers.Methods:A total of 1,200 examinees who received services at our hospital’s physical examination center between January 2022 and June 2023 were randomly divided into a control group(600 cases)and an observation group(600 cases).The two groups were compared in terms of examination process duration,report quality scores,detection rate of abnormal findings,overall patient satisfaction,and staff job satisfaction.Results:The observation group showed significantly shorter examination time(98.5±15.2 minutes vs 156.3±22.7 minutes,P<0.01),higher report quality scores(92.4±3.5 vs 78.6±6.8 points,P<0.01),improved detection rate of abnormalities(38.7%vs 29.5%,P<0.05),increased patient satisfaction(97.2%vs 82.3%,P<0.01),and greater staff job satisfaction(90.5%vs 72.3%,P<0.01).Conclusion:Quality management models can significantly enhance service quality and operational efficiency at physical examination centers,improve examination outcomes and patient satisfaction,demonstrating substantial clinical application value.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin ratio(BAR)influences the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in diabetic patients.METHODS:The diabetic individuals were extracted from the N...AIM:To investigate whether blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin ratio(BAR)influences the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in diabetic patients.METHODS:The diabetic individuals were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)database spanning 1999 to 2018.The BAR was calculated as the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin.To evaluate the association between BAR levels and DR,a generalized additive model and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.Additionally,subgroup analyses were conducted to determine whether other factors modified this association.RESULTS:The number of eligible individuals in the current research endeavor equaled 5798.The resulting data were indicative of the existence of a nearly linearly positive relationship between BAR levels and DR.Following confounding variable adjustment(age,gender,marital status,red blood cell,hemoglobin,lactate dehydrogenase,uric acid,creatinine,gender,red cell distribution width,highdensity lipoprotein,glucose,sodium,glycated hemoglobin,hypertension,and total cholesterol),the multivariate investigation implied that an elevated DR risk correlated with elevated levels of BAR(OR:1.46,95%CI:1.20-1.79).This relationship was noted to be reliable and stable across diverse analyses,following the conduction of sensitivity analysis(P for trend:0.0002).Subgroup analysis showed no statistically significant interactions between BAR and most other risk factors for DR.CONCLUSION:The study provides evidence of a positive association between elevated BAR levels and an increased risk of DR in diabetic individuals.展开更多
In the context of the continuous advancement of teaching reform,the optimization of the curriculum evaluation system has become a key issue in the field of education.This study focuses on the course of educational psy...In the context of the continuous advancement of teaching reform,the optimization of the curriculum evaluation system has become a key issue in the field of education.This study focuses on the course of educational psychology,using the final examination papers and scores of the 2022 Physical Education Major and 2024 Early Childhood Education Major undergraduate students at Yunnan Technology and Business University as samples.Basic statistical analysis methods are employed to conduct an in-depth investigation.The results show that the overall difficulty of the exam papers is moderate(0.7),with acceptable reliability(0.78)and good validity(0.7-0.8).However,the failure rate among students reaches 21.3%,reflecting learning difficulties.There is no significant difference in scores between students from different majors,attributed to the same teaching conditions and equal emphasis on the course by both majors.This study provides data support for the teaching of educational psychology courses,assisting teachers in improving their teaching based on the results,meeting the demands of teaching reform for precise teaching evaluation and quality enhancement,and promoting the development of educational psychology course teaching.展开更多
[Objectives] To investigate and analyze the physical examination status of the staff in an agricultural university in Tianjin,to understand the composition of the diseases suffered by the staff in the university,and t...[Objectives] To investigate and analyze the physical examination status of the staff in an agricultural university in Tianjin,to understand the composition of the diseases suffered by the staff in the university,and to provide the basis for the formulation of health education programs and health management countermeasures.[Methods] A comprehensive physical examination survey was conducted among 377 teachers and staff in the school,and the results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 24.0.[Results] The detection rates of diseases among the staff of a university in Tianjin were 161(42.7%)overweight and obesity,167(44.3%)dyslipidemia,250(66.31%)thyroid nodules,214(56.76%)fatty liver,116(30.77%)hyperglycemia,96(25.46%)hypertension,90 cases(23.87%)had abnormal ECG,and the prevalence rate increased with age.[Conclusions] The health status of the staff in a university in Tianjin is not optimistic.They should strengthen health education and health care guidance,increase sports and physical exercise,actively do a good job in early diagnosis,treatment and prevention of diseases,and improve their health level.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of histopathological examination of ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy samples in extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB).Methods This study was conducted at the Shanghai Public Hea...Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of histopathological examination of ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy samples in extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB).Methods This study was conducted at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center.A total of 115patients underwent ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy,followed by MGIT 960 culture(culture),smear,Gene Xpert MTB/RIF(Xpert),and histopathological examination.These assays were performed to evaluate their effectiveness in diagnosing EPTB in comparison to two different diagnostic criteria:liquid culture and composite reference standard(CRS).Results When CRS was used as the reference standard,the sensitivity and specificity of culture,smear,Xpert,and histopathological examination were(44.83%,89.29%),(51.72%,89.29%),(70.11%,96.43%),and(85.06%,82.14%),respectively.Based on liquid culture tests,the sensitivity and specificity of smear,Xpert,and pathological examination were(66.67%,72.60%),(83.33%,63.01%),and(92.86%,45.21%),respectively.Histopathological examination showed the highest sensitivity but lowest specificity.Further,we found that the combination of Xpert and histopathological examination showed a sensitivity of 90.80%and a specificity of 89.29%.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided puncture sampling is safe and effective for the diagnosis of EPTB.Compared with culture,smear,and Xpert,histopathological examination showed higher sensitivity but lower specificity.The combination of histopathology with Xpert showed the best performance characteristics.展开更多
This editorial elaborates on the current and future applications of linear endoscopic ultrasound(EUS),a substantial diagnostic and therapeutic modality for various anatomical regions.The scope of endosonographic asses...This editorial elaborates on the current and future applications of linear endoscopic ultrasound(EUS),a substantial diagnostic and therapeutic modality for various anatomical regions.The scope of endosonographic assessment is broad and,among other factors,allows for the evaluation of the mediastinal anatomy and related pathologies,such as mediastinal lymphadenopathy and the staging of central malignant lung lesions.Moreover,EUS assessment has proven more accurate in detecting small lesions missed by standard imaging examinations,such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.We focus on its current uses in the mediastinum,including lung and esophageal cancer staging,as well as evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy and submucosal lesions.The editorial also explores future perspectives of EUS in mediastinal examination,including ultrasound-guided therapies,artificial intelligence integration,advancements in mediastinal modalities,and improved diagnostic approaches for various mediastinal lesions.展开更多
Objective Because of the limited number of studies and small sample sizes,whether metabolic syndrome(MS)leads to the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis and the possible underlying mechanisms require further in...Objective Because of the limited number of studies and small sample sizes,whether metabolic syndrome(MS)leads to the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis and the possible underlying mechanisms require further investigation.This study aimed to investigate the association between MS and osteoporosis,along with its influencing factors.Methods This observational cross-sectional study included 139,470 individuals aged≥18 years who underwent health examinations from September 2014 to March 2022.Based on bone mineral density(BMD)screening results,the participants were categorized into a suspected osteoporosis or non-osteoporosis group(control).Participants were further divided into those who met 0 MS criteria,1 MS criterion,2 MS criteria,and≥3 MS criteria(MS group).Participants who had undergone health examinations at least twice formed the follow-up cohort;a self-matched analysis was performed on those with follow-up periods≥5 years and unchanged MS grouping.Results Several examination indicators in the suspected osteoporosis group showed statistically significant differences compared with the control group.The proportion of suspected osteoporosis in the MS group was significantly increased compared with that in the 0 MS criteria group(odds ratio[OR]:1.215,Z=29.11,P<0.001,95%confidence interval:1.199-1.231).After adjusting for age,sex,smoking,and alcohol consumption,the 2 MS criteria group and MS group still had OR values>1(P<0.001).In the follow-up cohort,the proportion of suspected osteoporosis increased gradually with an increase in the number of MS criteria met at baseline and during each follow-up visit(P<0.05),with the highest proportion observed in the MS group.However,the proportion of suspected osteoporosis did not increase significantly over time in the different MS groups(P>0.05).In the follow-up cohort,the proportion of individuals transitioning from normal BMD to suspected osteoporosis was higher in the MS group after≥5 years of follow-up compared with the group meeting 0 MS criteria(0.08%versus 1.15%,χ^(2)=10.76,P=0.001).There was no significant difference in BMD values for the 0 MS criteria group after 5 years(P>0.05),whereas the other three groups experienced a significant decrease in BMD values after 5 years(P<0.05).Conclusion MS is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis,and the effect of risk factors related to MS on osteoporosis may exceed that of aging alone.The specific mechanisms warrant further investigation.展开更多
With the reform of the New National College Entrance Examination(Gaokao),the nongraded education will become an inevitable trend.In senior high school,the traditional test-oriented education is popular.The knowledge i...With the reform of the New National College Entrance Examination(Gaokao),the nongraded education will become an inevitable trend.In senior high school,the traditional test-oriented education is popular.The knowledge is mainly taught by the teachers,and the students passively absorb it.This study examines a problem-oriented Socratic experiment in nongraded English teaching in senior high school.The teachers seek output from students,who respond by interpreting questions,fostering critical thinking,and enhancing problem-solving skills.This teaching experiment indicates that the Socratic method has a significant positive effect on cultivating nongraded senior high English students’critical thinking under the New National College Entrance Examination.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and parsing ability of GPT 4.0 for Japanese medical practitioner qualification examinations in a multidimensional way to investigate its response accuracy and comprehensiveness to me...Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and parsing ability of GPT 4.0 for Japanese medical practitioner qualification examinations in a multidimensional way to investigate its response accuracy and comprehensiveness to medical knowledge.Methods:We evaluated the performance of the GPT 4.0 on Japanese Medical Licensing Examination(JMLE)questions(2021–2023).Questions are categorized by difficulty and type,with distinctions between general and clinical parts,as well as between single-choice(MCQ1)and multiple-choice(MCQ2)questions.Difficulty levels were determined on the basis of correct rates provided by the JMLE Preparatory School.The accuracy and quality of the GPT 4.0 responses were analyzed via an improved Global Qualily Scale(GQS)scores,considering both the chosen options and the accompanying analysis.Descriptive statistics and Pearson Chi-square tests were used to examine performance across exam years,question difficulty,type,and choice.GPT 4.0 ability was evaluated via the GQS,with comparisons made via the Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis test.Results:The correct response rate and parsing ability of the GPT4.0 to the JMLE questions reached the qualification level(80.4%).In terms of the accuracy of the GPT4.0 response to the JMLE,we found significant differences in accuracy across both difficulty levels and option types.According to the GQS scores for the GPT 4.0 responses to all the JMLE questions,the performance of the questionnaire varied according to year and choice type.Conclusion:GTP4.0 performs well in providing basic support in medical education and medical research,but it also needs to input a large amount of medical-related data to train its model and improve the accuracy of its medical knowledge output.Further integration of ChatGPT with the medical field could open new opportunities for medicine.展开更多
“Introduction to Language,”as the core course of the English major,mainly reveals the basic laws of language,enabling the students to have the ability to apply linguistic theories to explain language phenomena and s...“Introduction to Language,”as the core course of the English major,mainly reveals the basic laws of language,enabling the students to have the ability to apply linguistic theories to explain language phenomena and solve specific language problems.This course is highly theoretical and has a certain degree of difficulty.The evaluation of student grades has always been based on examination reform,but several problems have been encountered during the implementation process.This article analyzes the current situation of the reform and implementation of the“Introduction to Language”course examination in applied universities and puts forth suggestions and specific measures to improve the assessment of the course,aiming to enhance the teaching effectiveness of the course and scientifically and comprehensively evaluate students’abilities.展开更多
Currently, most public higher learning institutions in Tanzania rely on traditional in-class examinations, requiring students to register and present identification documents for examinations eligibility verification....Currently, most public higher learning institutions in Tanzania rely on traditional in-class examinations, requiring students to register and present identification documents for examinations eligibility verification. This system, however, is prone to impersonations due to security vulnerabilities in current students’ verification system. These vulnerabilities include weak authentication, lack of encryption, and inadequate anti-counterfeiting measures. Additionally, advanced printing technologies and online marketplaces which claim to produce convincing fake identification documents make it easy to create convincing fake identity documents. The Improved Mechanism for Detecting Impersonations (IMDIs) system detects impersonations in in-class exams by integrating QR codes and dynamic question generation based on student profiles. It consists of a mobile verification app, built with Flutter and communicating via RESTful APIs, and a web system, developed with Laravel using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The two components communicate through APIs, with MySQL managing the database. The mobile app and web server interact to ensure efficient verification and security during examinations. The implemented IMDIs system was validated by a mobile application which is integrated with a QR codes scanner for capturing codes embedded in student Identity Cards and linking them to a dynamic question generation model. The QG model uses natural language processing (NLP) algorithm and Question Generation (QG) techniques to create dynamic profile questions. Results show that the IMDIs system could generate four challenging profile-based questions within two seconds, allowing the verification of 200 students in 33 minutes by one operator. The IMDIs system also tracks exam-eligible students, aiding in exam attendance and integrates with a Short Message Service (SMS) to report impersonation incidents to a dedicated security officer in real-time. The IMDIs system was tested and found to be 98% secure, 100% convenient, with a 0% false rejection rate and a 2% false acceptance rate, demonstrating its security, reliability, and high performance.展开更多
文摘Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected.All patients received cervical Pap smear examination,and patients with abnormal examination results underwent colposcopic biopsy and HPV infection test for cervical cancer screening.Results:The results of cervical Pap smear showed that a total of 780 patients among 1200 patients showed cervical abnormalities.The Pap smear combined with colposcopy was used for pathological examination to detect cervical cancer lesions in time,and biopsy and HPV infection examination were arranged for high-risk patients to provide data reference for clinical treatment.Conclusions:Pathological examination has a good screening effect in gynecological physical examination.It can detect lesions early and take timely intervention measures,which is helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.
文摘Objective:To study the application effect of the multi-role positioning service model in hypertensive patients in the health examination center.Methods:A total of 152 hypertensive patients admitted to the hospital’s health examination center from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected as the subjects.They were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method.The control group(76 cases)received conventional physical examination service mode,while the observation group(76 cases)adopted the multi-role positioning service model.The nurse proficiency and physical examination quality were compared between the two groups.Results:The nurse proficiency scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The physical examination quality scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The adoption of the multi-role positioning service model for hypertensive patients in the health examination center can improve nurse proficiency and physical examination quality.
文摘The medical education of the Song dynasty constitutes a pivotal aspect within the broader framework of ancient Chinese medical education. The advent of the imperial examination system coincided with the emergence of a medical examination system, which served as the cornerstone for the subsequent evolution of medical education. According to historical records, the Song government established dedicated medical departments, along with comprehensive systems encompassing medical professors, students, and examinations. By examining extant medical historical documents, such as Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge(《太医局诸科程文格》 Examination Answers and Standards of the Imperial Medical Bureau), researchers and readers can obtain a comprehensive understanding of the medical system that prevailed in the Song dynasty. While the intricate details of medical education during this era are not explicitly documented in historical records, modern researchers have the opportunity to uncover the entire view of medical education, particularly the medical examination system, through rigorous analysis of these extant historical medical documents. Such studies offer valuable insights into the developmental trajectory of the ancient Chinese medical examination system and provide crucial references for contemporary medical education. By conducting in-depth literature research and analysis of Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge, this study endeavors to reconstruct the authentic scenario of medical examinations in the Song dynasty, as presented in the document, for the benefit of modern readers and researchers.
基金Ministry of Education Industry-University Cooperative Education Program(Project No.:231002999080311)Xinxiang Medical University Education and Teaching Reform Research(Project No.:2021-XYJG-100)。
文摘Objective:The objective of this research is to thoroughly investigate the extent of mutual interference among clinical internships,postgraduate entrance examinations,and employment by examining engineering contradictions,thus offering theoretical insights and guidance for medical students to attain high-quality outcomes in clinical internships.Methods:A combination of literature reviews,questionnaires,interviews,and observations of internships was utilized,followed by a statistical analysis to assess the levels of interference among the three factors.Results:The senior participants achieved significantly higher scores than their junior counterparts in evaluations of comprehensive humanistic quality,understanding professional values,communication abilities,clinical skills,and attitudes towards learning,with differences that were statistically significant(p<0.05).After applying an interactive training approach that merges early clinical practice with foundational medical education,both groups displayed notable enhancements in activity content,formats,instructor attitudes,clinical performance,and the blending of theory with practice(p<0.05).Conclusion:By emphasizing‘early clinical’education,students are effectively engaged in clinical practice through active involvement,leading to feedback-oriented training.This strategy not only improves the overall quality of internships but also reduces the risk of scheduling conflicts with postgraduate entrance examinations and employment opportunities.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2019YFC0120303)and was sponsored by the Beijing Nova Program(20240484678).
文摘Background:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel cable-transmitted magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(CTMCE)system for upper gastrointestinal examination.Methods:Twenty-six participants(19 healthy volunteers and seven patients with gastrointestinal symptoms)willing to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were recruited.Each participant underwent CT-MCE followed by conventional gastroscopy within 24 h.Maneuverability and visibility of the CT-MCE capsule in the upper gastrointestinal tract,adverse events,and discomfort during the procedure were evaluated.The sensitivity and specificity of CT-MCE for diagnosing upper gastrointestinal lesions were evaluated using conventional gastroscopy findings as the standard.Results:Maneuverability was graded as“good”for all segments of the esophagus.The percentage of participants in which maneuverability was good according to gastric region was as follows:cardia(100.00%),pylorus(96.15%),angulus(92.31%),antrum(88.46%),fundus(84.62%),and body(73.08%).In the duodenal bulb and descending duodenum,it was good in only 20.83% and 16.67% of participants,respectively.Visibility was graded as“excellent”or“good”in the esophagus,Z line,and duodenal bulb in all participants;excellent/good visibility was achieved in the stomach and descending duodenum in 96.15% and 79.17% of participants,respectively.Forty-one lesions were detected overall.The sensitivity and specificity of CT-MCE in diagnosing upper gastrointestinal lesions were 85.00% and 98.15%,respectively.The CT-MCE capsule was successfully removed through the mouth in all participants.No serious adverse events or capsule retention occurred.Conclusions:CT-MCE showed good feasibility and safety for upper gastrointestinal examination.The system was effective in examining the esophagus and stomach with no risk of capsule retention.
文摘Digital rectal examination(DRE)is essential for diagnosing anorectal diseases,yet its widespread adoption remains suboptimal among practitioners.While modalities such as anorectal manometry,rectal balloon expulsion tests,pelvic floor electromyography,and dynamic imaging(defecography/pelvic floor magnetic resonance imaging)enable comprehensive assessment of anorectal function,many healthcare facilities lack advanced diagnostic tools and specialized personnel.DRE has notable diagnostic value in the primary evaluation of functional defecation disorders(FDDs),particularly for detecting dyssynergic defecation and structural pelvic floor defects.Its cost efficiency and universal accessibility render it indispensable in resource-limited environments where high-resolution diagnostic technologies(e.g.,high-resolution manometry)are unavailable.This review delineates standardized DRE protocols for assessing FDDs and highlights characteristic imaging features of FDDs with the aim of improving the understanding of DRE.This review will hopefully encourage clinicians to perform DREs in diverse clinical settings.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195No.82460203)Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects of China Medical Education Association(No.2024KTZ038).
文摘This guideline seeks to thoroughly investigate the standardized operational procedures for visual function and imaging examinations prior to vitreoretinal surgery.Preoperative assessments can greatly assist clinicians in determining surgical indications,assessing patient conditions,and offering valuable assistance in formulating surgical strategies and predicting outcomes.Developed by a collaborative team of experts from the Ophthalmic Imaging and Intelligent Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Education Association,in conjunction with the Ophthalmic Imaging and Intelligent Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Education Association,these guidelines have been formulated through extensive research and evaluation,incorporating the latest technological advancements and studies on a global and domestic scale in vitreoretinal surgery.After extensive deliberations and incorporation of up-to-date clinical data,these guidelines have been developed to assist in standardizing preoperative examinations for vitreoretinal surgery.The overarching goals include improving medical quality,maximizing resource allocation,offering decision-making assistance,and safeguarding patient rights.This document provides a comprehensive analysis of preoperative assessments for vitreoretinal procedures,covering principles,methodologies,and precautions related to a range of diagnostic techniques including ultra-wide-angle fundus imaging,fluorescein angiography,indocyanine green angiography,ophthalmic B-ultrasound examinations,ultrasound biomicroscopy,optical coherence tomography,optical coherence tomography angiography,orbital CT scan,orbital MRI,and ophthalmic electrophysiology tests such as electroretinograms,visually evoked potentials,and visual field testing.
文摘During the process of urbanization,community environments encounter challenges such as data disconnection and the underutilization of small and micro spaces.The establishment of“complete communities”necessitates the implementation of refined governance strategies.This research develops a path for the precise establishment of community micro-gardens driven by mobile measurement.It involves the collection of environmental data via mobile devices equipped with various types of sensors,the generation of visualization maps that are adjusted for spatio-temporal synchronization,and the identification of environmental paint points,including areas of excessive temperature exposure and zones with elevated noise levels.Based on the aforementioned considerations,various plant allocation strategies have been proposed for distinct areas.For instance,the implementation of a composite shade and cooling vegetation system is recommended for regions experiencing high temperatures,while a triple protection structure is suggested for areas affected by odor contamination.The efficacy of these strategies is demonstrated through a case study of the micro-garden transformation in the Dongjie Community of Wulituo Street,Shijingshan,Beijing.The study presents operational technical pathways and plant response solutions aimed at facilitating data-driven governance of community micro-environments.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(No.2022BCA011).
文摘AIM:To develop a nomogram to predict the risk of visual impairment(VI)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).METHODS:Totally 897 patients with CKD were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).The training and validation sets were divided in a 7:3 ratio.Multivariate logistic regression and bidirectional stepwise regression was used to select the factor of developing nomogram.The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by receiver operator characteristic curve,calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS:Age,diastolic blood pressure,glucose,serum creatinine,income at or above poverty,and history of smoking were included in the nomogram.And the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the training and validation sets were 0.684 and 0.640,respectively.The fit of the model was demonstrated the calibration curve,and DCA showed the value of clinical application.CONCLUSION:The nomogram may help to screening the probability of VI in patients with CKD.Larger samples are needed to validate and improve the model to increase its efficacy.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of quality management models in enhancing service quality at physical examination centers.Methods:A total of 1,200 examinees who received services at our hospital’s physical examination center between January 2022 and June 2023 were randomly divided into a control group(600 cases)and an observation group(600 cases).The two groups were compared in terms of examination process duration,report quality scores,detection rate of abnormal findings,overall patient satisfaction,and staff job satisfaction.Results:The observation group showed significantly shorter examination time(98.5±15.2 minutes vs 156.3±22.7 minutes,P<0.01),higher report quality scores(92.4±3.5 vs 78.6±6.8 points,P<0.01),improved detection rate of abnormalities(38.7%vs 29.5%,P<0.05),increased patient satisfaction(97.2%vs 82.3%,P<0.01),and greater staff job satisfaction(90.5%vs 72.3%,P<0.01).Conclusion:Quality management models can significantly enhance service quality and operational efficiency at physical examination centers,improve examination outcomes and patient satisfaction,demonstrating substantial clinical application value.
基金Supported by the Wenzhou Municipal Basic Scientific Research Project(No.Y20220789).
文摘AIM:To investigate whether blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin ratio(BAR)influences the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in diabetic patients.METHODS:The diabetic individuals were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)database spanning 1999 to 2018.The BAR was calculated as the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin.To evaluate the association between BAR levels and DR,a generalized additive model and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.Additionally,subgroup analyses were conducted to determine whether other factors modified this association.RESULTS:The number of eligible individuals in the current research endeavor equaled 5798.The resulting data were indicative of the existence of a nearly linearly positive relationship between BAR levels and DR.Following confounding variable adjustment(age,gender,marital status,red blood cell,hemoglobin,lactate dehydrogenase,uric acid,creatinine,gender,red cell distribution width,highdensity lipoprotein,glucose,sodium,glycated hemoglobin,hypertension,and total cholesterol),the multivariate investigation implied that an elevated DR risk correlated with elevated levels of BAR(OR:1.46,95%CI:1.20-1.79).This relationship was noted to be reliable and stable across diverse analyses,following the conduction of sensitivity analysis(P for trend:0.0002).Subgroup analysis showed no statistically significant interactions between BAR and most other risk factors for DR.CONCLUSION:The study provides evidence of a positive association between elevated BAR levels and an increased risk of DR in diabetic individuals.
文摘In the context of the continuous advancement of teaching reform,the optimization of the curriculum evaluation system has become a key issue in the field of education.This study focuses on the course of educational psychology,using the final examination papers and scores of the 2022 Physical Education Major and 2024 Early Childhood Education Major undergraduate students at Yunnan Technology and Business University as samples.Basic statistical analysis methods are employed to conduct an in-depth investigation.The results show that the overall difficulty of the exam papers is moderate(0.7),with acceptable reliability(0.78)and good validity(0.7-0.8).However,the failure rate among students reaches 21.3%,reflecting learning difficulties.There is no significant difference in scores between students from different majors,attributed to the same teaching conditions and equal emphasis on the course by both majors.This study provides data support for the teaching of educational psychology courses,assisting teachers in improving their teaching based on the results,meeting the demands of teaching reform for precise teaching evaluation and quality enhancement,and promoting the development of educational psychology course teaching.
文摘[Objectives] To investigate and analyze the physical examination status of the staff in an agricultural university in Tianjin,to understand the composition of the diseases suffered by the staff in the university,and to provide the basis for the formulation of health education programs and health management countermeasures.[Methods] A comprehensive physical examination survey was conducted among 377 teachers and staff in the school,and the results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 24.0.[Results] The detection rates of diseases among the staff of a university in Tianjin were 161(42.7%)overweight and obesity,167(44.3%)dyslipidemia,250(66.31%)thyroid nodules,214(56.76%)fatty liver,116(30.77%)hyperglycemia,96(25.46%)hypertension,90 cases(23.87%)had abnormal ECG,and the prevalence rate increased with age.[Conclusions] The health status of the staff in a university in Tianjin is not optimistic.They should strengthen health education and health care guidance,increase sports and physical exercise,actively do a good job in early diagnosis,treatment and prevention of diseases,and improve their health level.
基金funded by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China[2021YFC2301503,2022YFC2302900]the National Natural and Science Foundation of China[82171739,82171815,81873884]。
文摘Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of histopathological examination of ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy samples in extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB).Methods This study was conducted at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center.A total of 115patients underwent ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy,followed by MGIT 960 culture(culture),smear,Gene Xpert MTB/RIF(Xpert),and histopathological examination.These assays were performed to evaluate their effectiveness in diagnosing EPTB in comparison to two different diagnostic criteria:liquid culture and composite reference standard(CRS).Results When CRS was used as the reference standard,the sensitivity and specificity of culture,smear,Xpert,and histopathological examination were(44.83%,89.29%),(51.72%,89.29%),(70.11%,96.43%),and(85.06%,82.14%),respectively.Based on liquid culture tests,the sensitivity and specificity of smear,Xpert,and pathological examination were(66.67%,72.60%),(83.33%,63.01%),and(92.86%,45.21%),respectively.Histopathological examination showed the highest sensitivity but lowest specificity.Further,we found that the combination of Xpert and histopathological examination showed a sensitivity of 90.80%and a specificity of 89.29%.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided puncture sampling is safe and effective for the diagnosis of EPTB.Compared with culture,smear,and Xpert,histopathological examination showed higher sensitivity but lower specificity.The combination of histopathology with Xpert showed the best performance characteristics.
文摘This editorial elaborates on the current and future applications of linear endoscopic ultrasound(EUS),a substantial diagnostic and therapeutic modality for various anatomical regions.The scope of endosonographic assessment is broad and,among other factors,allows for the evaluation of the mediastinal anatomy and related pathologies,such as mediastinal lymphadenopathy and the staging of central malignant lung lesions.Moreover,EUS assessment has proven more accurate in detecting small lesions missed by standard imaging examinations,such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.We focus on its current uses in the mediastinum,including lung and esophageal cancer staging,as well as evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy and submucosal lesions.The editorial also explores future perspectives of EUS in mediastinal examination,including ultrasound-guided therapies,artificial intelligence integration,advancements in mediastinal modalities,and improved diagnostic approaches for various mediastinal lesions.
文摘Objective Because of the limited number of studies and small sample sizes,whether metabolic syndrome(MS)leads to the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis and the possible underlying mechanisms require further investigation.This study aimed to investigate the association between MS and osteoporosis,along with its influencing factors.Methods This observational cross-sectional study included 139,470 individuals aged≥18 years who underwent health examinations from September 2014 to March 2022.Based on bone mineral density(BMD)screening results,the participants were categorized into a suspected osteoporosis or non-osteoporosis group(control).Participants were further divided into those who met 0 MS criteria,1 MS criterion,2 MS criteria,and≥3 MS criteria(MS group).Participants who had undergone health examinations at least twice formed the follow-up cohort;a self-matched analysis was performed on those with follow-up periods≥5 years and unchanged MS grouping.Results Several examination indicators in the suspected osteoporosis group showed statistically significant differences compared with the control group.The proportion of suspected osteoporosis in the MS group was significantly increased compared with that in the 0 MS criteria group(odds ratio[OR]:1.215,Z=29.11,P<0.001,95%confidence interval:1.199-1.231).After adjusting for age,sex,smoking,and alcohol consumption,the 2 MS criteria group and MS group still had OR values>1(P<0.001).In the follow-up cohort,the proportion of suspected osteoporosis increased gradually with an increase in the number of MS criteria met at baseline and during each follow-up visit(P<0.05),with the highest proportion observed in the MS group.However,the proportion of suspected osteoporosis did not increase significantly over time in the different MS groups(P>0.05).In the follow-up cohort,the proportion of individuals transitioning from normal BMD to suspected osteoporosis was higher in the MS group after≥5 years of follow-up compared with the group meeting 0 MS criteria(0.08%versus 1.15%,χ^(2)=10.76,P=0.001).There was no significant difference in BMD values for the 0 MS criteria group after 5 years(P>0.05),whereas the other three groups experienced a significant decrease in BMD values after 5 years(P<0.05).Conclusion MS is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis,and the effect of risk factors related to MS on osteoporosis may exceed that of aging alone.The specific mechanisms warrant further investigation.
基金This research is funded by 2021 Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province Key Project—Diagnosis and Evaluation of High School Students’Critical Thinking Quality in English(Project approval No.QL20210120)the 2022 Hunan Province General Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project—Research on the Cultivation Path of English Learners’Critical Thinking Ability From the Perspective of Curriculum Ideology and Politics(Project Approval No.HNJG-2022-1299).
文摘With the reform of the New National College Entrance Examination(Gaokao),the nongraded education will become an inevitable trend.In senior high school,the traditional test-oriented education is popular.The knowledge is mainly taught by the teachers,and the students passively absorb it.This study examines a problem-oriented Socratic experiment in nongraded English teaching in senior high school.The teachers seek output from students,who respond by interpreting questions,fostering critical thinking,and enhancing problem-solving skills.This teaching experiment indicates that the Socratic method has a significant positive effect on cultivating nongraded senior high English students’critical thinking under the New National College Entrance Examination.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81974355,No.82172524).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and parsing ability of GPT 4.0 for Japanese medical practitioner qualification examinations in a multidimensional way to investigate its response accuracy and comprehensiveness to medical knowledge.Methods:We evaluated the performance of the GPT 4.0 on Japanese Medical Licensing Examination(JMLE)questions(2021–2023).Questions are categorized by difficulty and type,with distinctions between general and clinical parts,as well as between single-choice(MCQ1)and multiple-choice(MCQ2)questions.Difficulty levels were determined on the basis of correct rates provided by the JMLE Preparatory School.The accuracy and quality of the GPT 4.0 responses were analyzed via an improved Global Qualily Scale(GQS)scores,considering both the chosen options and the accompanying analysis.Descriptive statistics and Pearson Chi-square tests were used to examine performance across exam years,question difficulty,type,and choice.GPT 4.0 ability was evaluated via the GQS,with comparisons made via the Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis test.Results:The correct response rate and parsing ability of the GPT4.0 to the JMLE questions reached the qualification level(80.4%).In terms of the accuracy of the GPT4.0 response to the JMLE,we found significant differences in accuracy across both difficulty levels and option types.According to the GQS scores for the GPT 4.0 responses to all the JMLE questions,the performance of the questionnaire varied according to year and choice type.Conclusion:GTP4.0 performs well in providing basic support in medical education and medical research,but it also needs to input a large amount of medical-related data to train its model and improve the accuracy of its medical knowledge output.Further integration of ChatGPT with the medical field could open new opportunities for medicine.
基金Second batch of“opening bidding”Wuhan University of Bioengineering“Research on the Evaluation of the Implementation Effect of Curriculum Examination Reform:Taking the Course of Introduction to Language as an Example”(No.2023JGYB37)。
文摘“Introduction to Language,”as the core course of the English major,mainly reveals the basic laws of language,enabling the students to have the ability to apply linguistic theories to explain language phenomena and solve specific language problems.This course is highly theoretical and has a certain degree of difficulty.The evaluation of student grades has always been based on examination reform,but several problems have been encountered during the implementation process.This article analyzes the current situation of the reform and implementation of the“Introduction to Language”course examination in applied universities and puts forth suggestions and specific measures to improve the assessment of the course,aiming to enhance the teaching effectiveness of the course and scientifically and comprehensively evaluate students’abilities.
文摘Currently, most public higher learning institutions in Tanzania rely on traditional in-class examinations, requiring students to register and present identification documents for examinations eligibility verification. This system, however, is prone to impersonations due to security vulnerabilities in current students’ verification system. These vulnerabilities include weak authentication, lack of encryption, and inadequate anti-counterfeiting measures. Additionally, advanced printing technologies and online marketplaces which claim to produce convincing fake identification documents make it easy to create convincing fake identity documents. The Improved Mechanism for Detecting Impersonations (IMDIs) system detects impersonations in in-class exams by integrating QR codes and dynamic question generation based on student profiles. It consists of a mobile verification app, built with Flutter and communicating via RESTful APIs, and a web system, developed with Laravel using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The two components communicate through APIs, with MySQL managing the database. The mobile app and web server interact to ensure efficient verification and security during examinations. The implemented IMDIs system was validated by a mobile application which is integrated with a QR codes scanner for capturing codes embedded in student Identity Cards and linking them to a dynamic question generation model. The QG model uses natural language processing (NLP) algorithm and Question Generation (QG) techniques to create dynamic profile questions. Results show that the IMDIs system could generate four challenging profile-based questions within two seconds, allowing the verification of 200 students in 33 minutes by one operator. The IMDIs system also tracks exam-eligible students, aiding in exam attendance and integrates with a Short Message Service (SMS) to report impersonation incidents to a dedicated security officer in real-time. The IMDIs system was tested and found to be 98% secure, 100% convenient, with a 0% false rejection rate and a 2% false acceptance rate, demonstrating its security, reliability, and high performance.
