Lead(Pb)plays a significant role in the nuclear industry and is extensively used in radiation shielding,radiation protection,neutron moderation,radiation measurements,and various other critical functions.Consequently,...Lead(Pb)plays a significant role in the nuclear industry and is extensively used in radiation shielding,radiation protection,neutron moderation,radiation measurements,and various other critical functions.Consequently,the measurement and evaluation of Pb nuclear data are highly regarded in nuclear scientific research,emphasizing its crucial role in the field.Using the time-of-flight(ToF)method,the neutron leakage spectra from three^(nat)Pb samples were measured at 60°and 120°based on the neutronics integral experimental facility at the China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE).The^(nat)Pb sample sizes were30 cm×30 cm×5 cm,30 cm×30 cm×10 cm,and 30 cm×30 cm×15 cm.Neutron sources were generated by the Cockcroft-Walton accelerator,producing approximately 14.5 MeV and 3.5 MeV neutrons through the T(d,n)^(4)He and D(d,n)^(3)He reactions,respectively.Leakage neutron spectra were also calculated by employing the Monte Carlo code of MCNP-4C,and the nuclear data of Pb isotopes from four libraries:CENDL-3.2,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-5,and ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 were used individually.By comparing the simulation and experimental results,improvements and deficiencies in the evaluated nuclear data of the Pb isotopes were analyzed.Most of the calculated results were consistent with the experimental results;however,a few areas did not fit well.In the(n,el)energy range,the simulated results from CENDL-3.2 were significantly overestimated;in the(n,inl)D and the(n,inl)C energy regions,the results from CENDL-3.2 and ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 were significantly overestimated at 120°,and the results from JENDL-5 and JEFF-3.3 are underestimated at 60°in the(n,inl)D energy region.The calculated spectra were analyzed by comparing them with the experimental spectra in terms of the neutron spectrum shape and C/E values.The results indicate that the theoretical simulations,using different data libraries,overestimated or underestimated the measured values in certain energy ranges.Secondary neutron energies and angular distributions in the data files have been presented to explain these discrepancies.展开更多
Human-derived tumor models are essential for preclinical development of new anti-cancer drug entities.Generating animal models bearing tumors of human origin,such as patient-derived or cell line-derived xenograft tumo...Human-derived tumor models are essential for preclinical development of new anti-cancer drug entities.Generating animal models bearing tumors of human origin,such as patient-derived or cell line-derived xenograft tumors,is dependent on immuno-deficient strains.Tumor-bearing immunodeficient mice are susceptible to develop-ing unwanted disorders primarily irrelevant to the tumor nature;and if get involved with such disorders,reliability of the study results will be undermined,inevitably con-founding the research in general.Therefore,a rigorous health surveillance and clinical monitoring system,along with the establishment of a strictly controlled barrier facility to maintain a pathogen-free state,are mandatory.Even if all pathogen control and biosafety measures are followed,there are various noninfectious disorders capable of causing tissue and multiorgan damage in immunodeficient animals.Therefore,the re-searchers should be aware of sentinel signs to carefully monitor and impartially report them.This review discusses clinical signs of common unwanted disorders in experi-mental immunodeficient mice,and how to examine and report them.展开更多
A benchmark experiment on^(238)U slab samples was conducted using a deuterium-tritium neutron source at the China Institute of Atomic Energy.The leakage neutron spectra within energy levels of 0.8-16 MeV at 60°an...A benchmark experiment on^(238)U slab samples was conducted using a deuterium-tritium neutron source at the China Institute of Atomic Energy.The leakage neutron spectra within energy levels of 0.8-16 MeV at 60°and 120°were measured using the time-of-flight method.The samples were prepared as rectangular slabs with a 30 cm square base and thicknesses of 3,6,and 9 cm.The leakage neutron spectra were also calculated using the MCNP-4C program based on the latest evaluated files of^(238)U evaluated neutron data from CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0,JENDL-5.0,and JEFF-3.3.Based on the comparison,the deficiencies and improvements in^(238)U evaluated nuclear data were analyzed.The results showed the following.(1)The calculated results for CENDL-3.2 significantly overestimated the measurements in the energy interval of elastic scattering at 60°and 120°.(2)The calculated results of CENDL-3.2 overestimated the measurements in the energy interval of inelastic scattering at 120°.(3)The calculated results for CENDL-3.2 significantly overestimated the measurements in the 3-8.5 MeV energy interval at 60°and 120°.(4)The calculated results with JENDL-5.0 were generally consistent with the measurement results.展开更多
Heart rate variability(HRV)analysis provides an assessment of cardiac vagal tone and consequently global cardiac health as well as systemic condition.In systemic diseases such as cancer and during treatments that affe...Heart rate variability(HRV)analysis provides an assessment of cardiac vagal tone and consequently global cardiac health as well as systemic condition.In systemic diseases such as cancer and during treatments that affect the whole body,like chemotherapy,the vagus nerve activity is low and deregulated.Some studies focus on using HRV to predict mortality in oncology.However,in cancer patients,systemic alterations substantially increase artifacts during HRV measurement,especially atrial ectopic beats.Moreover,HRV may be altered by various factors(duration and time of measurement,breathing,drugs,and other confounding factors)that alter each metric in different ways.The Standard Deviation of all Normal to Normal intervals(SDNN)is the most commonly used metric to evaluate HRV in oncology,but it does not appear to be specific to the cardiac vagal tone.Thus,cardiac vagal activity diagnosis and vital prognosis of cancer patients can be biased.Our review presents the main HRV metrics that can be currently used in oncology studies and their links with vagus nerve and cancer.We present the influence of external factors and the required duration and time of measurement.Considering all these parameters,this review proposes seven key points for an assessment of HRV and cardiac vagal tone in patients with cancer.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Meth...[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Method] The fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the water quality in the ponds with Ukraine scale carp （Cyprinus carpio） as the main cultivated fish. The average size of the fish was 71.4 g/ind, and totally three groups of pond were set with the population density of 6 000, 9 000, 12 000 ind/hm2. [Result] According to the GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China, the water quality of 6 000 ind/hm2 group was Grade I, and the water quality of 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 were Grade V. [Conclusion] With the increasing of feeding density, the pond water quality would worsen, however, there is no difference on water quality between 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 groups.展开更多
Chinese medicine (CM) has been an experience based practice over the past three thousand years. The safety and efficacy of CM has been practised through experience, rather than nowadays’ modern scientific measurement...Chinese medicine (CM) has been an experience based practice over the past three thousand years. The safety and efficacy of CM has been practised through experience, rather than nowadays’ modern scientific measurements. In this way, the development of CM has not been keeping pace with the advance in science and technology and the progress in orthodox medicine. In order to meet the requirements of modern science and technology, an evidence based approach must be adopted. Reassurance is needed to convince people for safety and efficacy of CM and give confidence to the evidence based demands ——“Tradition is confirmed by Modern Science” (1) .展开更多
Integral experiments on tungsten slab samples were carried out on the D-T neutron source facility at China Institute of Atomic Energy. Leakage neutron spectra from the irradiated tungsten target were measured by the t...Integral experiments on tungsten slab samples were carried out on the D-T neutron source facility at China Institute of Atomic Energy. Leakage neutron spectra from the irradiated tungsten target were measured by the time-of-flight technique. Accuracy of the nuclear data for tungsten was examined by comparing the measured neutron spectra with the leakage neutron spectra simulated using the MCNP-4C code with evaluated nuclear data of the JEFF-3.2, FENDL-3.0 and TENDL-2014 libraries. The results show that the calculations with JEFF-3.2 agree well with the measurements in the whole energy range and all angles, whereas the spectra calculated with FENDL-3.0 and TENDL-2014 have some discrepancies with the experimental data.展开更多
Objective The renewable capacity is an important attribute of groundwater resources. Most previous studies have focused on the porous aquifer systems by the measurement and analysis of isotopes deuterium （D）, oxyge...Objective The renewable capacity is an important attribute of groundwater resources. Most previous studies have focused on the porous aquifer systems by the measurement and analysis of isotopes deuterium （D）, oxygen-18 （180）, tritium （3H）, and carbon-14 （14C） （Chen Zongyu et al., 2010; Bozdag and Gocmez, 2016）, and few studies have been conducted on karst groundwater systems. The major reason lies in the complexity of groundwater hydrogeological conditions in karst areas, and most of them are open systems. In this study, we selected the Pingyi-Feixian karst groundwater system in Shandong Province, northern China, as a typical study area in an attempt to evaluate the renewable capacity by 14C age and the δ13C mixing model. The spatial characteristics and spatial variability in renewable capacity of karst groundwater were further discussed, providing a reference for the exploitation of karst grotmdwater in the similar region.展开更多
On October 18,2018,the China Geological Survey launched a project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China,entitled "Prediction and Deep Exploration Demonstration of Gold Polymetallic Deposit...On October 18,2018,the China Geological Survey launched a project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China,entitled "Prediction and Deep Exploration Demonstration of Gold Polymetallic Deposits in the Jiaodong and Liaodong Areas within the North China Craton".For this project,Wulong and Baiyun- Xiaotongjiapuyi in Jiaodong,as well as the northern Zhaoping belts of Liaodong,were chosen as ore prospecting demonstration areas (Fig.1).展开更多
This paper proposes a novel chronically evaluated highest instantaneous priority next processor scheduling algorithm. The currently existing algorithms like first come first serve, shortest job first, round-robin, sho...This paper proposes a novel chronically evaluated highest instantaneous priority next processor scheduling algorithm. The currently existing algorithms like first come first serve, shortest job first, round-robin, shortest remaining time first, highest response ratio next and varying response ratio priority algorithm have some problems associated with them. Some of them can lead to endless waiting or starvation and some of them like round-robin has problem of too many context switches and high waiting time associated with them. In the proposed algorithm, we have taken care of all such problems. As the novel algorithm is capable of achieving as good results as shortest remaining time first algorithm and also it will never lead to starvation.展开更多
In order to better promote the development of diecasting industry in our country, to boost the application of new diecasting technology and techniques, to improve the competitive power of the diecasting enterprises in...In order to better promote the development of diecasting industry in our country, to boost the application of new diecasting technology and techniques, to improve the competitive power of the diecasting enterprises in our country, to extend the international markets and to improve qualities of diecastings more quickly, the activity of evaluating high quality diecastings was organized by Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (FICMES) during the period of the 5th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition. The Excellent Diecastings Evaluation Committee was composed of an independent panel of experts in China’s diecasting industry. In accordance with the evaluation rules of impersonality and impartiality, the Evaluation Committee members, at the site of the exhibition, carefully checked each and all evaluation indexes of the diecastings accepted in the activity, deliberately examined the real diecastings, and inquired of the technicians of the companies taking part in the evaluation activity about the production processes, qualities and other information of the diecastings. After discussion again and again, finally, five diecastings were entitled as the excellent diecastings of the 5th China International Diecasting Conference & Exhibition. They are listed as follows: 1. Shell of PC notebook produced by Ka Shui Manufactory Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, material: magnesium alloy AZ91D. 2. Base of mobile telecom transmitter produced by Guangdong Gaoyao G-ACE Casting Technology Co., Ltd, material: ADC12. 3. Flywheel casing (for Renault trucks) produced by Shanghai Cosmopolitan Automobile Accessory Co., Ltd, material: A380. 4. Strainer case (for Japan Isuzu automobiles) produced by Guangdong Wencan Die Casting Co., Ltd, material: ADC12. 5. Intake manifold of six-cylinder diesel engine. produced by Jinan Huicheng Foundry Co., Ltd, material: AlSi9Cu3.展开更多
A topic studied in cartography is to make the extraction of cartographic features that provide the update of cartographic maps more easily. For this reason many automatic routines were created with the intent to perfo...A topic studied in cartography is to make the extraction of cartographic features that provide the update of cartographic maps more easily. For this reason many automatic routines were created with the intent to perform the features extraction. Despite of all studies about this, some features cannot be found by the algorithm or it can extract some pixels unduly. So the current article aims to show the results with the software development that uses the original and reference image to calculate some statistics about the extraction process. Furthermore, the calculated statistics can be used to evaluate the extraction process.展开更多
Precisely quantifying the strength of the proximal femur and accurately assessing hip fracture risk would enable those at high risk to be identified so that preventive interventions could be taken.Development of bette...Precisely quantifying the strength of the proximal femur and accurately assessing hip fracture risk would enable those at high risk to be identified so that preventive interventions could be taken.Development of better measures of femoral strength using the clinically展开更多
The Guanghua School of Management at Peking Universityorganized a new forum entitled "30 Years of China's Reform:A Review and Outlook" several months ago,inviting many economists such as Cheng Siwei,Wu J...The Guanghua School of Management at Peking Universityorganized a new forum entitled "30 Years of China's Reform:A Review and Outlook" several months ago,inviting many economists such as Cheng Siwei,Wu Jinglian,Li Yining,Mao Yushi,Zhang Weiying,Justin Lin,Fan Gang,Zhou Qiren,Qian Yingyi and Chen Zhiwu to conduct in-depth analysis and discussion on the issues of widespread concern about 30 Years of China's Reform.展开更多
Under climate and land use changes,water cycle is expected to be intensified.This will likely result in frequent hydrometeorological extremes events such as droughts and floods,and affect the water balance components....Under climate and land use changes,water cycle is expected to be intensified.This will likely result in frequent hydrometeorological extremes events such as droughts and floods,and affect the water balance components.A distributed model(WaSiM)was calibrated and validated to evaluate water resources and flood hazard in the Zou catchment,Benin,for the period 1991–2009.The model was calibrated and validated at a threshold of 120 m3/s and its performance in simulating lower discharge was evaluated.The results show that the model was able to satisfactory simulate streamflow using different thresholds with the Kling and Gupta efficiency(KGE)between 0.5 and 0.85.The model performance decreases with increasing discharge threshold.The overall water balance predicted by the model is consistent with the hydroclimatic condition of the basin.The runoff coefficient varies between 15%and 18%(11%and 14%respectively)of the total annual rainfall during the calibration(validation)period.By considering the discharge above the threshold of 120 m3/s the model performances were acceptable with regards to the uncertainties in discharge measurement mainly in peak discharge.Hence,the model is able to reproduce satisfactorily the hydrological processes in the study area and could be used for impact assessment.展开更多
Objective To investigate the clinical value of transesophageal echocardiography during the lung transplantation. Methods From August 2005 to August 2009, 19 patients with advanced lung diseases received lung transplan...Objective To investigate the clinical value of transesophageal echocardiography during the lung transplantation. Methods From August 2005 to August 2009, 19 patients with advanced lung diseases received lung transplantation. The average age was (48. 35 ± 13. 04) years. The echocardiographic probe was placed in patient’ s esophagus before surgery. The left and right展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11775311 and U2067205)the Stable Support Basic Research Program Grant(BJ010261223282)the Research and Development Project of China National Nuclear Corporation。
文摘Lead(Pb)plays a significant role in the nuclear industry and is extensively used in radiation shielding,radiation protection,neutron moderation,radiation measurements,and various other critical functions.Consequently,the measurement and evaluation of Pb nuclear data are highly regarded in nuclear scientific research,emphasizing its crucial role in the field.Using the time-of-flight(ToF)method,the neutron leakage spectra from three^(nat)Pb samples were measured at 60°and 120°based on the neutronics integral experimental facility at the China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE).The^(nat)Pb sample sizes were30 cm×30 cm×5 cm,30 cm×30 cm×10 cm,and 30 cm×30 cm×15 cm.Neutron sources were generated by the Cockcroft-Walton accelerator,producing approximately 14.5 MeV and 3.5 MeV neutrons through the T(d,n)^(4)He and D(d,n)^(3)He reactions,respectively.Leakage neutron spectra were also calculated by employing the Monte Carlo code of MCNP-4C,and the nuclear data of Pb isotopes from four libraries:CENDL-3.2,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-5,and ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 were used individually.By comparing the simulation and experimental results,improvements and deficiencies in the evaluated nuclear data of the Pb isotopes were analyzed.Most of the calculated results were consistent with the experimental results;however,a few areas did not fit well.In the(n,el)energy range,the simulated results from CENDL-3.2 were significantly overestimated;in the(n,inl)D and the(n,inl)C energy regions,the results from CENDL-3.2 and ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 were significantly overestimated at 120°,and the results from JENDL-5 and JEFF-3.3 are underestimated at 60°in the(n,inl)D energy region.The calculated spectra were analyzed by comparing them with the experimental spectra in terms of the neutron spectrum shape and C/E values.The results indicate that the theoretical simulations,using different data libraries,overestimated or underestimated the measured values in certain energy ranges.Secondary neutron energies and angular distributions in the data files have been presented to explain these discrepancies.
文摘Human-derived tumor models are essential for preclinical development of new anti-cancer drug entities.Generating animal models bearing tumors of human origin,such as patient-derived or cell line-derived xenograft tumors,is dependent on immuno-deficient strains.Tumor-bearing immunodeficient mice are susceptible to develop-ing unwanted disorders primarily irrelevant to the tumor nature;and if get involved with such disorders,reliability of the study results will be undermined,inevitably con-founding the research in general.Therefore,a rigorous health surveillance and clinical monitoring system,along with the establishment of a strictly controlled barrier facility to maintain a pathogen-free state,are mandatory.Even if all pathogen control and biosafety measures are followed,there are various noninfectious disorders capable of causing tissue and multiorgan damage in immunodeficient animals.Therefore,the re-searchers should be aware of sentinel signs to carefully monitor and impartially report them.This review discusses clinical signs of common unwanted disorders in experi-mental immunodeficient mice,and how to examine and report them.
基金This work was supported by the general program(No.1177531)joint funding(No.U2067205)from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘A benchmark experiment on^(238)U slab samples was conducted using a deuterium-tritium neutron source at the China Institute of Atomic Energy.The leakage neutron spectra within energy levels of 0.8-16 MeV at 60°and 120°were measured using the time-of-flight method.The samples were prepared as rectangular slabs with a 30 cm square base and thicknesses of 3,6,and 9 cm.The leakage neutron spectra were also calculated using the MCNP-4C program based on the latest evaluated files of^(238)U evaluated neutron data from CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0,JENDL-5.0,and JEFF-3.3.Based on the comparison,the deficiencies and improvements in^(238)U evaluated nuclear data were analyzed.The results showed the following.(1)The calculated results for CENDL-3.2 significantly overestimated the measurements in the energy interval of elastic scattering at 60°and 120°.(2)The calculated results of CENDL-3.2 overestimated the measurements in the energy interval of inelastic scattering at 120°.(3)The calculated results for CENDL-3.2 significantly overestimated the measurements in the 3-8.5 MeV energy interval at 60°and 120°.(4)The calculated results with JENDL-5.0 were generally consistent with the measurement results.
文摘Heart rate variability(HRV)analysis provides an assessment of cardiac vagal tone and consequently global cardiac health as well as systemic condition.In systemic diseases such as cancer and during treatments that affect the whole body,like chemotherapy,the vagus nerve activity is low and deregulated.Some studies focus on using HRV to predict mortality in oncology.However,in cancer patients,systemic alterations substantially increase artifacts during HRV measurement,especially atrial ectopic beats.Moreover,HRV may be altered by various factors(duration and time of measurement,breathing,drugs,and other confounding factors)that alter each metric in different ways.The Standard Deviation of all Normal to Normal intervals(SDNN)is the most commonly used metric to evaluate HRV in oncology,but it does not appear to be specific to the cardiac vagal tone.Thus,cardiac vagal activity diagnosis and vital prognosis of cancer patients can be biased.Our review presents the main HRV metrics that can be currently used in oncology studies and their links with vagus nerve and cancer.We present the influence of external factors and the required duration and time of measurement.Considering all these parameters,this review proposes seven key points for an assessment of HRV and cardiac vagal tone in patients with cancer.
基金Supported by the Major Project of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology of Tianjin (the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin) (09JCZDJC19200),China~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Method] The fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the water quality in the ponds with Ukraine scale carp （Cyprinus carpio） as the main cultivated fish. The average size of the fish was 71.4 g/ind, and totally three groups of pond were set with the population density of 6 000, 9 000, 12 000 ind/hm2. [Result] According to the GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China, the water quality of 6 000 ind/hm2 group was Grade I, and the water quality of 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 were Grade V. [Conclusion] With the increasing of feeding density, the pond water quality would worsen, however, there is no difference on water quality between 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 groups.
文摘Chinese medicine (CM) has been an experience based practice over the past three thousand years. The safety and efficacy of CM has been practised through experience, rather than nowadays’ modern scientific measurements. In this way, the development of CM has not been keeping pace with the advance in science and technology and the progress in orthodox medicine. In order to meet the requirements of modern science and technology, an evidence based approach must be adopted. Reassurance is needed to convince people for safety and efficacy of CM and give confidence to the evidence based demands ——“Tradition is confirmed by Modern Science” (1) .
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11605097,91426301,and 11605257)Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities(No.BS365)the‘‘ADS project 302’’of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA03030200)
文摘Integral experiments on tungsten slab samples were carried out on the D-T neutron source facility at China Institute of Atomic Energy. Leakage neutron spectra from the irradiated tungsten target were measured by the time-of-flight technique. Accuracy of the nuclear data for tungsten was examined by comparing the measured neutron spectra with the leakage neutron spectra simulated using the MCNP-4C code with evaluated nuclear data of the JEFF-3.2, FENDL-3.0 and TENDL-2014 libraries. The results show that the calculations with JEFF-3.2 agree well with the measurements in the whole energy range and all angles, whereas the spectra calculated with FENDL-3.0 and TENDL-2014 have some discrepancies with the experimental data.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.41502253)the National Key Research and Development Project(grant No.2017YFC0406106)
文摘Objective The renewable capacity is an important attribute of groundwater resources. Most previous studies have focused on the porous aquifer systems by the measurement and analysis of isotopes deuterium （D）, oxygen-18 （180）, tritium （3H）, and carbon-14 （14C） （Chen Zongyu et al., 2010; Bozdag and Gocmez, 2016）, and few studies have been conducted on karst groundwater systems. The major reason lies in the complexity of groundwater hydrogeological conditions in karst areas, and most of them are open systems. In this study, we selected the Pingyi-Feixian karst groundwater system in Shandong Province, northern China, as a typical study area in an attempt to evaluate the renewable capacity by 14C age and the δ13C mixing model. The spatial characteristics and spatial variability in renewable capacity of karst groundwater were further discussed, providing a reference for the exploitation of karst grotmdwater in the similar region.
文摘On October 18,2018,the China Geological Survey launched a project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China,entitled "Prediction and Deep Exploration Demonstration of Gold Polymetallic Deposits in the Jiaodong and Liaodong Areas within the North China Craton".For this project,Wulong and Baiyun- Xiaotongjiapuyi in Jiaodong,as well as the northern Zhaoping belts of Liaodong,were chosen as ore prospecting demonstration areas (Fig.1).
文摘This paper proposes a novel chronically evaluated highest instantaneous priority next processor scheduling algorithm. The currently existing algorithms like first come first serve, shortest job first, round-robin, shortest remaining time first, highest response ratio next and varying response ratio priority algorithm have some problems associated with them. Some of them can lead to endless waiting or starvation and some of them like round-robin has problem of too many context switches and high waiting time associated with them. In the proposed algorithm, we have taken care of all such problems. As the novel algorithm is capable of achieving as good results as shortest remaining time first algorithm and also it will never lead to starvation.
文摘In order to better promote the development of diecasting industry in our country, to boost the application of new diecasting technology and techniques, to improve the competitive power of the diecasting enterprises in our country, to extend the international markets and to improve qualities of diecastings more quickly, the activity of evaluating high quality diecastings was organized by Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (FICMES) during the period of the 5th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition. The Excellent Diecastings Evaluation Committee was composed of an independent panel of experts in China’s diecasting industry. In accordance with the evaluation rules of impersonality and impartiality, the Evaluation Committee members, at the site of the exhibition, carefully checked each and all evaluation indexes of the diecastings accepted in the activity, deliberately examined the real diecastings, and inquired of the technicians of the companies taking part in the evaluation activity about the production processes, qualities and other information of the diecastings. After discussion again and again, finally, five diecastings were entitled as the excellent diecastings of the 5th China International Diecasting Conference & Exhibition. They are listed as follows: 1. Shell of PC notebook produced by Ka Shui Manufactory Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, material: magnesium alloy AZ91D. 2. Base of mobile telecom transmitter produced by Guangdong Gaoyao G-ACE Casting Technology Co., Ltd, material: ADC12. 3. Flywheel casing (for Renault trucks) produced by Shanghai Cosmopolitan Automobile Accessory Co., Ltd, material: A380. 4. Strainer case (for Japan Isuzu automobiles) produced by Guangdong Wencan Die Casting Co., Ltd, material: ADC12. 5. Intake manifold of six-cylinder diesel engine. produced by Jinan Huicheng Foundry Co., Ltd, material: AlSi9Cu3.
文摘A topic studied in cartography is to make the extraction of cartographic features that provide the update of cartographic maps more easily. For this reason many automatic routines were created with the intent to perform the features extraction. Despite of all studies about this, some features cannot be found by the algorithm or it can extract some pixels unduly. So the current article aims to show the results with the software development that uses the original and reference image to calculate some statistics about the extraction process. Furthermore, the calculated statistics can be used to evaluate the extraction process.
基金supported by The HongKong Polytechnic University Research Grants(No.1-BB81)grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.10872078 and 10832012
文摘Precisely quantifying the strength of the proximal femur and accurately assessing hip fracture risk would enable those at high risk to be identified so that preventive interventions could be taken.Development of better measures of femoral strength using the clinically
文摘The Guanghua School of Management at Peking Universityorganized a new forum entitled "30 Years of China's Reform:A Review and Outlook" several months ago,inviting many economists such as Cheng Siwei,Wu Jinglian,Li Yining,Mao Yushi,Zhang Weiying,Justin Lin,Fan Gang,Zhou Qiren,Qian Yingyi and Chen Zhiwu to conduct in-depth analysis and discussion on the issues of widespread concern about 30 Years of China's Reform.
基金funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF)through the West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL).
文摘Under climate and land use changes,water cycle is expected to be intensified.This will likely result in frequent hydrometeorological extremes events such as droughts and floods,and affect the water balance components.A distributed model(WaSiM)was calibrated and validated to evaluate water resources and flood hazard in the Zou catchment,Benin,for the period 1991–2009.The model was calibrated and validated at a threshold of 120 m3/s and its performance in simulating lower discharge was evaluated.The results show that the model was able to satisfactory simulate streamflow using different thresholds with the Kling and Gupta efficiency(KGE)between 0.5 and 0.85.The model performance decreases with increasing discharge threshold.The overall water balance predicted by the model is consistent with the hydroclimatic condition of the basin.The runoff coefficient varies between 15%and 18%(11%and 14%respectively)of the total annual rainfall during the calibration(validation)period.By considering the discharge above the threshold of 120 m3/s the model performances were acceptable with regards to the uncertainties in discharge measurement mainly in peak discharge.Hence,the model is able to reproduce satisfactorily the hydrological processes in the study area and could be used for impact assessment.
文摘Objective To investigate the clinical value of transesophageal echocardiography during the lung transplantation. Methods From August 2005 to August 2009, 19 patients with advanced lung diseases received lung transplantation. The average age was (48. 35 ± 13. 04) years. The echocardiographic probe was placed in patient’ s esophagus before surgery. The left and right
