手足口病（Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD）是一种具有高度传染性的病毒性传染病,通常夏秋季高发于幼儿和儿童;若患儿并发呼吸和循环功能障碍、神经系统受累等临床症状称为重症HFMD。少数重症病例可出现肺水肿、脑炎和急性弛缓性麻...手足口病（Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD）是一种具有高度传染性的病毒性传染病,通常夏秋季高发于幼儿和儿童;若患儿并发呼吸和循环功能障碍、神经系统受累等临床症状称为重症HFMD。少数重症病例可出现肺水肿、脑炎和急性弛缓性麻痹等罕见的神经或循环系统并发症,甚至导致患儿死亡。引起HFMD最常见的病原是肠道病毒A71型（EV-A71）和柯萨奇病毒A16型（CV-A16）,而EV-A71是引起重症HFMD的主要病原体。EV-A71导致的重症HFMD已成为全球重要的公共卫生问题,减少EV-A71流行范围和预防EV-A71重症HFMD非常重要。EV-A71疫苗是目前最有效的预防重症HFMD发生的措施;中国已经批准了三个厂家的灭活EV-A71疫苗上市并已开展适龄儿童接种,以期预防EV-A71感染引起的重症HFMD,但这种疫苗不能预防其它肠道病毒如CV-A16,CV-A6和CV-A10等引起的HFMD。据文献报道,小分子抑制剂芦平曲韦可以通过阻止EV-A71的3Cpro蛋白活性来抑制EV-A71复制;小干扰RNA和单克隆抗体也可抑制EV-A71复制。研制EV-A71和CVA16双价灭活疫苗是防控HFMD的策略之一,而小分子抑制剂、小干扰RNA和单克隆抗体的研制和应用等也是临床防治HFMD的探索。展开更多
手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)是一种全球性的传染病,其主要病原体为肠道病毒A组71型(Enterovirus group A 71,EV-A71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(cosackievirus A 16,CV-A16)。EV-A71感染易引发重症病例及死亡病例,而CV-A16感...手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)是一种全球性的传染病,其主要病原体为肠道病毒A组71型(Enterovirus group A 71,EV-A71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(cosackievirus A 16,CV-A16)。EV-A71感染易引发重症病例及死亡病例,而CV-A16感染所致的症状普遍较轻,且CV-A16容易引发重复感染,但目前其中的机理仍不清楚。本研究比较了EV-A71与CV-A16感染正常人呼吸道上皮细胞16HBE后I型干扰素(Type I interferon,IFN-Ι)产生相关基因的改变。结果发现EV-A71感染后TLR3、TLR7、RIG-I、MDA5、MAVS、MyD88、IRF3、IRF7、IFNα和IFNβ的基因表达量均发生了显著性地上调,而在CV-A16感染后仅MDA5显著性上调;TLR3和IRF3的基因表达水平显著性地下降,而其它基因表达水平均无显著性地变化。此外,病毒滴度和病毒拷贝数的检测结果显示,CV-A16在16HBE上的复制效率明显高于EV-A71。上述结果提示我们EV-A71和CV-A16感染16HBE对其IFN-I产生相关基因表达的影响完全不一样,且CV-A16更容易感染人呼吸道上皮细胞。本研究为EV-A71和CV-A16引起的临床症状差异的机理研究以及CV-A16重复感染的机理研究提供了线索。展开更多
柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsakievirus A 16,CV-A16)与肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV-A71)是引发手足口病(Hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)的两种主要病原体,然而两者的致病机理仍未完全被阐明。病毒感染对肠道上皮细胞间连接分子排布...柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsakievirus A 16,CV-A16)与肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV-A71)是引发手足口病(Hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)的两种主要病原体,然而两者的致病机理仍未完全被阐明。病毒感染对肠道上皮细胞间连接分子排布和表达直接与病毒感染造成的后果相关。本研究通过右旋糖苷穿透实验、免疫荧光以及蛋白免疫印迹等技术检测了CV-A16和EV-A71感染对肠道上皮细胞系(Intestinal epithelial cell)FHC后细胞通透性的变化以及细胞间连接分子排布和表达情况。研究结果表明,CV-A16和EV-A71感染FHC可导致其通透性显著增强、连接分子Nectin1、Claudin4、Claudin5、ZO-1以及E-Cadherin的排布被破坏,且表达量显著性降低。这一结果提示了CV-A16和EV-A71感染肠道FHC细胞并在细胞中复制引起肠道上皮细胞损伤,导致肠道上皮细胞间连接分子排布的改变和表达量的减少。展开更多
Enterovirus A71(EV-A71) is the major pathogen responsible for the severe hand, foot and mouth disease worldwide, for which few effective antiviral drugs are presently available. Interferon-a(IFN-a) has been used in an...Enterovirus A71(EV-A71) is the major pathogen responsible for the severe hand, foot and mouth disease worldwide, for which few effective antiviral drugs are presently available. Interferon-a(IFN-a) has been used in antiviral therapy for decades;it has been reported that EV-A71 antagonizes the antiviral activity of IFN-a based on viral 2 Apro-mediated reduction of the interferon-alpha receptor 1(IFNAR1);however, the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we showed a significant increase in IFNAR1 protein induced by IFN-a in RD cells, whereas EV-A71 infection caused obvious downregulation of the IFNAR1 protein and blockage of IFN-a signaling. Subsequently, we observed that EV-A71 2 Apro inhibited IFNAR1 translation by cleavage of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4 GI(eIF4GI), without affecting IFNAR1 m RNA levels induced by IFN-a. The inhibition of IFNAR1 translation also occurred in puromycin-induced apoptotic cells when caspase-3 cleaved e IF4 GI. Importantly, we verified that 2 Aprocould activate cellular caspase-3, which was subsequently involved in e IF4 GI cleavage mediated by 2 Apro. Furthermore, inhibition of caspase-3 activation resulted in the partial restoration of IFNAR1 in cells transfected with 2 A or infected with EV-A71, suggesting the pivotal role of both viral 2 Aproand caspase-3 activation in the disturbance of IFN-a signaling. Collectively, we elucidate a novel mechanism by which cellular caspase-3 contributes to viral 2 Apro-mediated down-regulation of IFNAR1 at the translation level during EV-A71 infection, indicating that caspase-3 inhibition could be a potential complementary strategy to improve clinical anti-EV-A71 therapy with IFN-a.展开更多
Emerging evidence that Enterovirus A 71(EV-A71)infection closely related to apoptosis.The ZVAD is a caspase inhibitor that can prevent apoptosis.The aims of this project were to evaluate the mechanism of the ZVAD inhi...Emerging evidence that Enterovirus A 71(EV-A71)infection closely related to apoptosis.The ZVAD is a caspase inhibitor that can prevent apoptosis.The aims of this project were to evaluate the mechanism of the ZVAD inhibited EV-A71 virus and to provide experiment basis for finding new antiviral drugs.In this study,after treated with ZVAD in EV-A71 infected Vero cells,the viral replication was reduced,and the cell viability was higher than EV-A71 group.Additionally,ZVAD decreased the cell apoptosis and the level of inflammatory cytokines induced by EV-A71 in the infected Vero cells.ZVAD inhibited cell apoptosis by regulating ROS mediated signaling pathway and inflammation cytokines to achieve antiviral.展开更多
文摘手足口病（Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD）是一种具有高度传染性的病毒性传染病,通常夏秋季高发于幼儿和儿童;若患儿并发呼吸和循环功能障碍、神经系统受累等临床症状称为重症HFMD。少数重症病例可出现肺水肿、脑炎和急性弛缓性麻痹等罕见的神经或循环系统并发症,甚至导致患儿死亡。引起HFMD最常见的病原是肠道病毒A71型（EV-A71）和柯萨奇病毒A16型（CV-A16）,而EV-A71是引起重症HFMD的主要病原体。EV-A71导致的重症HFMD已成为全球重要的公共卫生问题,减少EV-A71流行范围和预防EV-A71重症HFMD非常重要。EV-A71疫苗是目前最有效的预防重症HFMD发生的措施;中国已经批准了三个厂家的灭活EV-A71疫苗上市并已开展适龄儿童接种,以期预防EV-A71感染引起的重症HFMD,但这种疫苗不能预防其它肠道病毒如CV-A16,CV-A6和CV-A10等引起的HFMD。据文献报道,小分子抑制剂芦平曲韦可以通过阻止EV-A71的3Cpro蛋白活性来抑制EV-A71复制;小干扰RNA和单克隆抗体也可抑制EV-A71复制。研制EV-A71和CVA16双价灭活疫苗是防控HFMD的策略之一,而小分子抑制剂、小干扰RNA和单克隆抗体的研制和应用等也是临床防治HFMD的探索。
文摘手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)是一种全球性的传染病,其主要病原体为肠道病毒A组71型(Enterovirus group A 71,EV-A71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(cosackievirus A 16,CV-A16)。EV-A71感染易引发重症病例及死亡病例,而CV-A16感染所致的症状普遍较轻,且CV-A16容易引发重复感染,但目前其中的机理仍不清楚。本研究比较了EV-A71与CV-A16感染正常人呼吸道上皮细胞16HBE后I型干扰素(Type I interferon,IFN-Ι)产生相关基因的改变。结果发现EV-A71感染后TLR3、TLR7、RIG-I、MDA5、MAVS、MyD88、IRF3、IRF7、IFNα和IFNβ的基因表达量均发生了显著性地上调,而在CV-A16感染后仅MDA5显著性上调;TLR3和IRF3的基因表达水平显著性地下降,而其它基因表达水平均无显著性地变化。此外,病毒滴度和病毒拷贝数的检测结果显示,CV-A16在16HBE上的复制效率明显高于EV-A71。上述结果提示我们EV-A71和CV-A16感染16HBE对其IFN-I产生相关基因表达的影响完全不一样,且CV-A16更容易感染人呼吸道上皮细胞。本研究为EV-A71和CV-A16引起的临床症状差异的机理研究以及CV-A16重复感染的机理研究提供了线索。
文摘柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsakievirus A 16,CV-A16)与肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV-A71)是引发手足口病(Hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)的两种主要病原体,然而两者的致病机理仍未完全被阐明。病毒感染对肠道上皮细胞间连接分子排布和表达直接与病毒感染造成的后果相关。本研究通过右旋糖苷穿透实验、免疫荧光以及蛋白免疫印迹等技术检测了CV-A16和EV-A71感染对肠道上皮细胞系(Intestinal epithelial cell)FHC后细胞通透性的变化以及细胞间连接分子排布和表达情况。研究结果表明,CV-A16和EV-A71感染FHC可导致其通透性显著增强、连接分子Nectin1、Claudin4、Claudin5、ZO-1以及E-Cadherin的排布被破坏,且表达量显著性降低。这一结果提示了CV-A16和EV-A71感染肠道FHC细胞并在细胞中复制引起肠道上皮细胞损伤,导致肠道上皮细胞间连接分子排布的改变和表达量的减少。
基金grants from Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.19G10290)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81772184).
文摘Enterovirus A71(EV-A71) is the major pathogen responsible for the severe hand, foot and mouth disease worldwide, for which few effective antiviral drugs are presently available. Interferon-a(IFN-a) has been used in antiviral therapy for decades;it has been reported that EV-A71 antagonizes the antiviral activity of IFN-a based on viral 2 Apro-mediated reduction of the interferon-alpha receptor 1(IFNAR1);however, the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we showed a significant increase in IFNAR1 protein induced by IFN-a in RD cells, whereas EV-A71 infection caused obvious downregulation of the IFNAR1 protein and blockage of IFN-a signaling. Subsequently, we observed that EV-A71 2 Apro inhibited IFNAR1 translation by cleavage of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4 GI(eIF4GI), without affecting IFNAR1 m RNA levels induced by IFN-a. The inhibition of IFNAR1 translation also occurred in puromycin-induced apoptotic cells when caspase-3 cleaved e IF4 GI. Importantly, we verified that 2 Aprocould activate cellular caspase-3, which was subsequently involved in e IF4 GI cleavage mediated by 2 Apro. Furthermore, inhibition of caspase-3 activation resulted in the partial restoration of IFNAR1 in cells transfected with 2 A or infected with EV-A71, suggesting the pivotal role of both viral 2 Aproand caspase-3 activation in the disturbance of IFN-a signaling. Collectively, we elucidate a novel mechanism by which cellular caspase-3 contributes to viral 2 Apro-mediated down-regulation of IFNAR1 at the translation level during EV-A71 infection, indicating that caspase-3 inhibition could be a potential complementary strategy to improve clinical anti-EV-A71 therapy with IFN-a.
基金supported by the fund from Open Project of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica(LMM2020-7)the fund from Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics/Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center(Nos.Pre-NSFC-2019-016,YIP-2019-059,IP-2019-019)+3 种基金the Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province(No.20192075)the technology planning projects of Guangdong province(No.202102010202)The Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2020A1515110648)the Open Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications(2020A03).
文摘Emerging evidence that Enterovirus A 71(EV-A71)infection closely related to apoptosis.The ZVAD is a caspase inhibitor that can prevent apoptosis.The aims of this project were to evaluate the mechanism of the ZVAD inhibited EV-A71 virus and to provide experiment basis for finding new antiviral drugs.In this study,after treated with ZVAD in EV-A71 infected Vero cells,the viral replication was reduced,and the cell viability was higher than EV-A71 group.Additionally,ZVAD decreased the cell apoptosis and the level of inflammatory cytokines induced by EV-A71 in the infected Vero cells.ZVAD inhibited cell apoptosis by regulating ROS mediated signaling pathway and inflammation cytokines to achieve antiviral.
