This article gives an overview of the main passive solutions and active techniques, based on AC switches to limit inrush currents in medium power AC-DC converters （up to 3.7 kW） for electric vehicle charging systems...This article gives an overview of the main passive solutions and active techniques, based on AC switches to limit inrush currents in medium power AC-DC converters （up to 3.7 kW） for electric vehicle charging systems. In particular, a strategy, based on SCR （silicon controlled rectifier） phase, shift control in a mixed rectifier bridge with diodes and thyristors, is proposed. The challenge is to help designers optimize the triggering delay of SCRs to both limit the peak value of inrush current spikes and optimize the charge duration of the DC-link capacitor. A mathematical model （Mathcad engineering tool） has been defined to point out, the interest of a variable triggering delay to control SCRs to meet the expectations described previously. Experimental measurements using an industrial evaluation board of the AC-DC converter demonstrate the robustness of the method.展开更多
电动汽车(Electric Vehicle)作为电网中移动式储能单元,在向电网"索取"电能的同时,也可提供应急电源、调频等V2G(Vehicle to Grid)服务,使电网运行更加安全经济。电动汽车接入系统建模是各种分析计算的基础。本文基于控制逻辑...电动汽车(Electric Vehicle)作为电网中移动式储能单元,在向电网"索取"电能的同时,也可提供应急电源、调频等V2G(Vehicle to Grid)服务,使电网运行更加安全经济。电动汽车接入系统建模是各种分析计算的基础。本文基于控制逻辑,提出了等效智能充电机的概念;并借鉴其它电力系统储能元件的控制方法,分析了基于代理模式的电动汽车参与调频的控制策略;运用PSASP中用户自定义建模方法建立了电动汽车参与调频服务模型;最后,利用该模型对EPRI 7系统进行了仿真计算。结果表明,该模型能够很好地反映电动汽车系统频率响应特性,并根据频率偏差调整调频功率从而控制系统频率回至额定值的过程。所建模型可用于复杂电网的分析计算。展开更多
针对电动汽车充电电源额外热量产生影响电池使用寿命的问题,提出一种无电解电容隔离式单级双向AC/DC变换器。该变换器能有效阻止低频功率纹波注入电池单元,减少了额外热量的产生;同时电解电容的消除也大大提高了系统的可靠性。控制策略...针对电动汽车充电电源额外热量产生影响电池使用寿命的问题,提出一种无电解电容隔离式单级双向AC/DC变换器。该变换器能有效阻止低频功率纹波注入电池单元,减少了额外热量的产生;同时电解电容的消除也大大提高了系统的可靠性。控制策略方面,提出的一种四相控制器,不仅能使所有开关管实现零电压开关(Zero Voltage Switch,ZVS),并在导通损耗进行了性能优化。最后,通过PSIM仿真软件和实验样机,验证了理论分析的正确性和可行性。展开更多
The electric vehicle(EV)charging station is a critical part of the infrastructure for the wide adoption of EVs.Realtime simulation of an EV station plays an essential role in testing its operation under different oper...The electric vehicle(EV)charging station is a critical part of the infrastructure for the wide adoption of EVs.Realtime simulation of an EV station plays an essential role in testing its operation under different operating modes.However,the large numbers of high-frequency power electronic switches contained in EV chargers pose great challenges for real-time simulation.This paper proposes a compact electromagnetic transient program(C-EMTP)algorithm for FPGA-based real-time simulation of an EV station with multiple high-frequency chargers.The C-EMTP algorithm transforms the traditional EMTP algorithm into two parallel sub-tasks only consisting of simple matrix operations,to fully utilize the high parallelism of FPGA.The simulation time step can be greatly reduced compared with that of the traditional EMTP algorithm,and so the simulation accuracy for high-frequency power electronics is improved.The EV chargers can be decoupled with each other and simulated in parallel.A CPU-FPGA-based realtime simulation platform is developed and the proposed simulation of the EV station is implemented.The control strategy is simulated in a CPU with 100μs time-step,while the EV station circuit topology is simulated in a single FPGA with a 250 ns time-step.In the case studies,the EV station consists of a two-level rectifier and five dual-active bridge(DAB)EV chargers.It is tested under different scenarios,and the real-time simulation results are validated using PSCAD/EMTDC.展开更多
文摘This article gives an overview of the main passive solutions and active techniques, based on AC switches to limit inrush currents in medium power AC-DC converters （up to 3.7 kW） for electric vehicle charging systems. In particular, a strategy, based on SCR （silicon controlled rectifier） phase, shift control in a mixed rectifier bridge with diodes and thyristors, is proposed. The challenge is to help designers optimize the triggering delay of SCRs to both limit the peak value of inrush current spikes and optimize the charge duration of the DC-link capacitor. A mathematical model （Mathcad engineering tool） has been defined to point out, the interest of a variable triggering delay to control SCRs to meet the expectations described previously. Experimental measurements using an industrial evaluation board of the AC-DC converter demonstrate the robustness of the method.
文摘电动汽车(Electric Vehicle)作为电网中移动式储能单元,在向电网"索取"电能的同时,也可提供应急电源、调频等V2G(Vehicle to Grid)服务,使电网运行更加安全经济。电动汽车接入系统建模是各种分析计算的基础。本文基于控制逻辑,提出了等效智能充电机的概念;并借鉴其它电力系统储能元件的控制方法,分析了基于代理模式的电动汽车参与调频的控制策略;运用PSASP中用户自定义建模方法建立了电动汽车参与调频服务模型;最后,利用该模型对EPRI 7系统进行了仿真计算。结果表明,该模型能够很好地反映电动汽车系统频率响应特性,并根据频率偏差调整调频功率从而控制系统频率回至额定值的过程。所建模型可用于复杂电网的分析计算。
文摘针对电动汽车充电电源额外热量产生影响电池使用寿命的问题,提出一种无电解电容隔离式单级双向AC/DC变换器。该变换器能有效阻止低频功率纹波注入电池单元,减少了额外热量的产生;同时电解电容的消除也大大提高了系统的可靠性。控制策略方面,提出的一种四相控制器,不仅能使所有开关管实现零电压开关(Zero Voltage Switch,ZVS),并在导通损耗进行了性能优化。最后,通过PSIM仿真软件和实验样机,验证了理论分析的正确性和可行性。
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20200221,2020 M671122)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFE012784)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51877133).
文摘The electric vehicle(EV)charging station is a critical part of the infrastructure for the wide adoption of EVs.Realtime simulation of an EV station plays an essential role in testing its operation under different operating modes.However,the large numbers of high-frequency power electronic switches contained in EV chargers pose great challenges for real-time simulation.This paper proposes a compact electromagnetic transient program(C-EMTP)algorithm for FPGA-based real-time simulation of an EV station with multiple high-frequency chargers.The C-EMTP algorithm transforms the traditional EMTP algorithm into two parallel sub-tasks only consisting of simple matrix operations,to fully utilize the high parallelism of FPGA.The simulation time step can be greatly reduced compared with that of the traditional EMTP algorithm,and so the simulation accuracy for high-frequency power electronics is improved.The EV chargers can be decoupled with each other and simulated in parallel.A CPU-FPGA-based realtime simulation platform is developed and the proposed simulation of the EV station is implemented.The control strategy is simulated in a CPU with 100μs time-step,while the EV station circuit topology is simulated in a single FPGA with a 250 ns time-step.In the case studies,the EV station consists of a two-level rectifier and five dual-active bridge(DAB)EV chargers.It is tested under different scenarios,and the real-time simulation results are validated using PSCAD/EMTDC.
