Biobased adsorbents are eco-friendly materials used for water and wastewater treatment and air cleaning.This research work explores the potential use of rice husk chars as a low-cost adsorbent for pollutants from wate...Biobased adsorbents are eco-friendly materials used for water and wastewater treatment and air cleaning.This research work explores the potential use of rice husk chars as a low-cost adsorbent for pollutants from water,such as methylene blue and ethinylestradiol.Rice husk chars are prepared by combustion of rice husks(RH-Char)or pre-treated rice husks(PT-Char).A third char(M-Char)supplied by a local company which uses rice husks as combustion material is also studied.The chars are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)in conjunction with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),and zeta-potential measurements.The three bio-chars are tested as adsorbent for the removal of two wastewater contaminants:methylene blue(MB)and ethinylestradiol(EE2).According to the results,RH-Char and PT-Char present zeta-potential values near−52 mV,whereas M-Char shows a zeta-potential value of−32 mV.Both RH-Char and PTChar are rich in amorphous SiO_(2) and M-Char has crystalline SiO_(2)(cristobalite).The bio-chars remove MB and EE2 efficiently showing the following results for the adsorption capacity of MB(inμmol g^(−1)):769.2(RH-Char),41.2(PT-Char),and 31.7(M-Char).The adsorption capacity values for EE2(inμmol g^(−1))are:33.1(RH-Char),19.1(PT-Char),and 16.9(M-Char).The information gathered in the present work evidences the potential of rice husks bio-chars for bio-remediation and may in future contribute to the conversion of a side-stream from the rice industry into value-added materials.展开更多
The degradation of ethinylestradiol (EE, an orally bio-active estrogen) in an aqueous-methanolic solution using a Ti/TiO2 thin-film electrode and UV radiation (a photoelectrocatalytic system) was evaluated. Hence, HPL...The degradation of ethinylestradiol (EE, an orally bio-active estrogen) in an aqueous-methanolic solution using a Ti/TiO2 thin-film electrode and UV radiation (a photoelectrocatalytic system) was evaluated. Hence, HPLC/UV analysis shows that EE (at 0.34 mmol) is totally consumed after 30 minutes of exposure to the photoelectrocatalytic system in the presence of Na2SO4 (0.1 mol·L-1) and with an applied bias potential of +1.0 V versus the Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Moreover, monitoring by direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and SPME-GC/ MS (solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) reveals that apparently no degradation products are formed under these conditions. Hence, this study demonstrates that the photoelectrocatalytic system can be efficiently used to promote the complete degradation (and likely mineralization) of this hormone under these conditions.展开更多
Technological development has led to the emergence of new substances with many different purposes generating a new profile of pollutants in waterways. Among these, endocrine disruptors, such as 17EE （17ct-ethinylestr...Technological development has led to the emergence of new substances with many different purposes generating a new profile of pollutants in waterways. Among these, endocrine disruptors, such as 17EE （17ct-ethinylestradiol）, are of great importance due to their wide application and harmful consequences to the environment, human health and animals. The inefficiency of most water treatment processes in withdrawing such substances poses a global concern for the development of effective and environmentally clean methods. The electrochemical remediation processes appear as a powerful and ＂green＂ alternative for waste removal of organic or inorganic pollutants from complex environments, such as geosphere and hydrosphere. The research focus in this field is mostly related to the optimization of electronic devices with higher （photo） catalytic efficiency, whereas the starting material remains based on metal and carbon conventional electrodes. In the present study, the anodic removal process of 17ct-ethinylestradiol at carbon cardboards was investigated in stationary and hydrodynamic conditions. The influence of pH and applied potential were evaluated, always taking into account the transposition of scale and environmental aspects. Thus, the principle of hormone removal showed to be strictly related to such parameters. It was observed that mild alkaline medium favors the anodic oxidation, whereas neutral and mild acid ones lead to higher adsorption at carbon surface. Also, when the applied potential was higher than 1.25 V, the electrochemical oxidation rate increased, and the adsorption was decreased. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of ! 7EE showed to be lower, the flow rate was higher.展开更多
Objective: to study the effects of metformin, ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone(Diane-35) on the infertility caused by PCOS. 100 patients with infertility in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2020 were selecte...Objective: to study the effects of metformin, ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone(Diane-35) on the infertility caused by PCOS. 100 patients with infertility in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. There were 50 cases in each group, 50 cases in hormone drug group, and 50 cases in ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone (Diane-35)-both groups in drug combination group were treated with metformin (metformin). The number of mature follicles, FSH, T, LH and pregnancy rate before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: after treatment, the amount of mature follicle formation in the two drug combination group was significantly higher than that in the hormone drug group. Compared with hormone medicine group, FSH, T and LH treatment group had significantly improved FSH, T and LH (P < 0.05). Compared with the hormone drug group, the pregnancy rate of the two drug combination group was higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ethinylestradiol cyproterone (Diane -35) combined with metformin (metformin) has a definite clinical effect in the treatment of infertility caused by PCOS. It has a high application value in improving hormone levels of patients, increasing the number of mature follicles and increasing pregnancy rate.展开更多
基金financed in part by FinCEAL+Program,which provided a grant to participate in a research visit atÅbo Akademi University.
文摘Biobased adsorbents are eco-friendly materials used for water and wastewater treatment and air cleaning.This research work explores the potential use of rice husk chars as a low-cost adsorbent for pollutants from water,such as methylene blue and ethinylestradiol.Rice husk chars are prepared by combustion of rice husks(RH-Char)or pre-treated rice husks(PT-Char).A third char(M-Char)supplied by a local company which uses rice husks as combustion material is also studied.The chars are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)in conjunction with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),and zeta-potential measurements.The three bio-chars are tested as adsorbent for the removal of two wastewater contaminants:methylene blue(MB)and ethinylestradiol(EE2).According to the results,RH-Char and PT-Char present zeta-potential values near−52 mV,whereas M-Char shows a zeta-potential value of−32 mV.Both RH-Char and PTChar are rich in amorphous SiO_(2) and M-Char has crystalline SiO_(2)(cristobalite).The bio-chars remove MB and EE2 efficiently showing the following results for the adsorption capacity of MB(inμmol g^(−1)):769.2(RH-Char),41.2(PT-Char),and 31.7(M-Char).The adsorption capacity values for EE2(inμmol g^(−1))are:33.1(RH-Char),19.1(PT-Char),and 16.9(M-Char).The information gathered in the present work evidences the potential of rice husks bio-chars for bio-remediation and may in future contribute to the conversion of a side-stream from the rice industry into value-added materials.
文摘The degradation of ethinylestradiol (EE, an orally bio-active estrogen) in an aqueous-methanolic solution using a Ti/TiO2 thin-film electrode and UV radiation (a photoelectrocatalytic system) was evaluated. Hence, HPLC/UV analysis shows that EE (at 0.34 mmol) is totally consumed after 30 minutes of exposure to the photoelectrocatalytic system in the presence of Na2SO4 (0.1 mol·L-1) and with an applied bias potential of +1.0 V versus the Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Moreover, monitoring by direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and SPME-GC/ MS (solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) reveals that apparently no degradation products are formed under these conditions. Hence, this study demonstrates that the photoelectrocatalytic system can be efficiently used to promote the complete degradation (and likely mineralization) of this hormone under these conditions.
文摘Technological development has led to the emergence of new substances with many different purposes generating a new profile of pollutants in waterways. Among these, endocrine disruptors, such as 17EE （17ct-ethinylestradiol）, are of great importance due to their wide application and harmful consequences to the environment, human health and animals. The inefficiency of most water treatment processes in withdrawing such substances poses a global concern for the development of effective and environmentally clean methods. The electrochemical remediation processes appear as a powerful and ＂green＂ alternative for waste removal of organic or inorganic pollutants from complex environments, such as geosphere and hydrosphere. The research focus in this field is mostly related to the optimization of electronic devices with higher （photo） catalytic efficiency, whereas the starting material remains based on metal and carbon conventional electrodes. In the present study, the anodic removal process of 17ct-ethinylestradiol at carbon cardboards was investigated in stationary and hydrodynamic conditions. The influence of pH and applied potential were evaluated, always taking into account the transposition of scale and environmental aspects. Thus, the principle of hormone removal showed to be strictly related to such parameters. It was observed that mild alkaline medium favors the anodic oxidation, whereas neutral and mild acid ones lead to higher adsorption at carbon surface. Also, when the applied potential was higher than 1.25 V, the electrochemical oxidation rate increased, and the adsorption was decreased. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of ! 7EE showed to be lower, the flow rate was higher.
文摘Objective: to study the effects of metformin, ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone(Diane-35) on the infertility caused by PCOS. 100 patients with infertility in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. There were 50 cases in each group, 50 cases in hormone drug group, and 50 cases in ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone (Diane-35)-both groups in drug combination group were treated with metformin (metformin). The number of mature follicles, FSH, T, LH and pregnancy rate before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: after treatment, the amount of mature follicle formation in the two drug combination group was significantly higher than that in the hormone drug group. Compared with hormone medicine group, FSH, T and LH treatment group had significantly improved FSH, T and LH (P < 0.05). Compared with the hormone drug group, the pregnancy rate of the two drug combination group was higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ethinylestradiol cyproterone (Diane -35) combined with metformin (metformin) has a definite clinical effect in the treatment of infertility caused by PCOS. It has a high application value in improving hormone levels of patients, increasing the number of mature follicles and increasing pregnancy rate.
