Xylitol and erythritol have been reported in numerous previous and recent studies as potential antidiabetic sweeteners,however,it is not certain which one is most effective in this regard.In the present study,the effe...Xylitol and erythritol have been reported in numerous previous and recent studies as potential antidiabetic sweeteners,however,it is not certain which one is most effective in this regard.In the present study,the effects of xylitol and erythritol were comparatively investigated on blood glucose,insulin level,dyslipidemia,pancreatic islet morphology andβ-cell function,and redox imbalance in a type 2 diabetes(T2D)model of rats.Seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups:Normal Control(NC),Diabetic Control(DC),Diabetic Xylitol 5%(DX5),Diabetic Xylitol 10%(DX10),Diabetic Xylitol 20%(DX20),Diabetic Erythritol 5%(DE5),Diabetic Erythritol 10%(DE10),and Diabetic Erythritol 20%(DE20).T2D was induced in the diabetic groups initially by feeding 10%fructose solution to induce insulin resistance followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(40 mg/kg body weight)dissolved in citrate buffer(pH 4.5)to induce partial pancreaticβ-cells dysfunctions.The animals in NC group were fed with normal drinking water and injected with citrate buffer only.After the confi rmation of diabetes,the xylitol and erythritol with above-mentioned concentrations were supplied to the respective animal groups when the animals in NC and DC groups were supplied with normal drinking water.After 8 weeks intervention period,the body weight,fl uid and water intake,blood glucose,serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,CK-MB and creatinine were signifi cantly decreased,while the serum insulin level,serum lipids,glucose tolerance ability,pancreatic islet morphology andβ-cell function,pancreatic and serum redox imbalance were improved in the most xylitol and erythritol fed groups compared to the DC group,when effects were better for xylitol compared to erythritol.The data of this study suggests that xylitol has better antioxidant and antidiabetic effects compared to erythritol.Therefore,xylitol can be used as a preferrable dietary anti-diabetic sweetener or supplement over erythritol for the management of diabetes and its associated complications.展开更多
It was tried to microencapsulate erythritol as a phase change material with the interfacial polycondensation reaction method by using the (W/O) emulsion and to characterize the microcapsules prepared. In the experimen...It was tried to microencapsulate erythritol as a phase change material with the interfacial polycondensation reaction method by using the (W/O) emulsion and to characterize the microcapsules prepared. In the experiment, toluene diisocyanate, diphenyl methane diisocyanate and hexamethylenediisocyanate were used to form the polyurethane shell and the effects of them on the heat storage density and the microencapsulation efficiency were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of supercooling prevention agent on the phase change behavior of erythritol was investigated. The microcapsules prepared with toluendiisocyanate monomer showed the highest heat storage density and the higher microencapsulation efficiency. Considerable supercooling phenomenon in the microcapsule was observed and prevented to a certain degree by addition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium sulfate as the supercooling prevention agent.展开更多
NaBH_(4) was widely regarded as a low-cost hydrogen storage material due to its high-mass hydrogen capacity of approximately 10.8%(mass)and high volumetric hydrogen capacity of around 115 g·L^(–1).However,it exh...NaBH_(4) was widely regarded as a low-cost hydrogen storage material due to its high-mass hydrogen capacity of approximately 10.8%(mass)and high volumetric hydrogen capacity of around 115 g·L^(–1).However,it exhibits strong stability and requires temperatures above 500℃ for hydrogen release in practical applications.In this study,two polyhydric alcohols,xylitol and erythritol(XE),were prepared as a binary eutectic sugar alcohol through a grinding-melting method.This binary eutectic sugar alcohol was used as a proton-hydrogen carrier to destabilize NaBH_(4).The 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite material prepared by ball milling could start releasing hydrogen at 57.5℃,and the total hydrogen release can reach over 88.8%(4.45%(mass))of the theoretical capacity.When the 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite was pressed into solid blocks,the volumetric hydrogen capacity of the block-shaped composite could reach 67.2 g·L^(–1).By controlling the temperature,the hydrogen desorption capacity of the NaBH_(4)-XE composite material was controllable,which has great potential for achieving solid-state hydrogen production from NaBH_(4).展开更多
Artificial sweeteners are man-made substitutes for diet that needs low sugars or caloric intake. Recent studies have shown that AS consumption is possibly associated with metabolic disturbances and intestinal flora di...Artificial sweeteners are man-made substitutes for diet that needs low sugars or caloric intake. Recent studies have shown that AS consumption is possibly associated with metabolic disturbances and intestinal flora disturbances. Erythritol is a kind of 4-carbon sugar substitute in the form of sugar alcohol, which may contribute to the prevention of gingivitis by inhibit the biofilm formation of oral bacteria. Despite these studies, the data on how erythritol affects commensal flora causing pathogenicity to remain limited. In this study, microbiota (Escherichia coli) models were used to investigate the effects of different concentration of erythritol on the metabolism of bacteria, especially on Escherichia coli’s growth, transformation efficiency and hemolytic activity. The results showed that sweeteners decreased the bacteria’s ability to normally grow in higher concentration, and form biofilms to varying degrees. And the addition of erythritol in low concentration may have an effect of promote the growth of Escherichia coli. Habitual consumption of artificial sweeteners in the diet continues to increase was associated with the maintenance of micro-ecological equilibrium in gut.展开更多
Regarding sugar and salt crystallization with large single crystals,the agglomerate thermodynamics and geometric morphologies,not the dynamics,dominate the particle size distribution(PSD).To consider this issue,a PSD ...Regarding sugar and salt crystallization with large single crystals,the agglomerate thermodynamics and geometric morphologies,not the dynamics,dominate the particle size distribution(PSD).To consider this issue,a PSD design model is proposed for limited large crystal agglomeration.In this model,the agglomeration thermodynamic criticality is determined by estimating the adhesion and dispersion forces between single crystals.The geometric agglomerate morphologies are described by corresponding single crystal units stacking with porosity.By seed well-controlled of population,the key parameters of PSD(D01,D50 and D99)are precisely designed.For erythritol,the model design accuracies are 92%–99%in the 1.2 L and 10 L crystallizers,indicating that it can design PSD at various crystallization scales.Concerning the general research attention to microcrystal agglomeration kinetics(mostly active pharmaceutical ingredients),this model effectively guides the sugar and salt PSD design with limited large crystal agglomeration.展开更多
基金supported by funding from the Research office,University of KwaZulu-Natal,Durbanthe National Research Foundation,Pretoria,South Africa(112430)。
文摘Xylitol and erythritol have been reported in numerous previous and recent studies as potential antidiabetic sweeteners,however,it is not certain which one is most effective in this regard.In the present study,the effects of xylitol and erythritol were comparatively investigated on blood glucose,insulin level,dyslipidemia,pancreatic islet morphology andβ-cell function,and redox imbalance in a type 2 diabetes(T2D)model of rats.Seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups:Normal Control(NC),Diabetic Control(DC),Diabetic Xylitol 5%(DX5),Diabetic Xylitol 10%(DX10),Diabetic Xylitol 20%(DX20),Diabetic Erythritol 5%(DE5),Diabetic Erythritol 10%(DE10),and Diabetic Erythritol 20%(DE20).T2D was induced in the diabetic groups initially by feeding 10%fructose solution to induce insulin resistance followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(40 mg/kg body weight)dissolved in citrate buffer(pH 4.5)to induce partial pancreaticβ-cells dysfunctions.The animals in NC group were fed with normal drinking water and injected with citrate buffer only.After the confi rmation of diabetes,the xylitol and erythritol with above-mentioned concentrations were supplied to the respective animal groups when the animals in NC and DC groups were supplied with normal drinking water.After 8 weeks intervention period,the body weight,fl uid and water intake,blood glucose,serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,CK-MB and creatinine were signifi cantly decreased,while the serum insulin level,serum lipids,glucose tolerance ability,pancreatic islet morphology andβ-cell function,pancreatic and serum redox imbalance were improved in the most xylitol and erythritol fed groups compared to the DC group,when effects were better for xylitol compared to erythritol.The data of this study suggests that xylitol has better antioxidant and antidiabetic effects compared to erythritol.Therefore,xylitol can be used as a preferrable dietary anti-diabetic sweetener or supplement over erythritol for the management of diabetes and its associated complications.
文摘It was tried to microencapsulate erythritol as a phase change material with the interfacial polycondensation reaction method by using the (W/O) emulsion and to characterize the microcapsules prepared. In the experiment, toluene diisocyanate, diphenyl methane diisocyanate and hexamethylenediisocyanate were used to form the polyurethane shell and the effects of them on the heat storage density and the microencapsulation efficiency were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of supercooling prevention agent on the phase change behavior of erythritol was investigated. The microcapsules prepared with toluendiisocyanate monomer showed the highest heat storage density and the higher microencapsulation efficiency. Considerable supercooling phenomenon in the microcapsule was observed and prevented to a certain degree by addition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium sulfate as the supercooling prevention agent.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201255)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210884)the Innovation,and Entrepreneurship Program of Jiangsu Province(JSSCBS20211007).
文摘NaBH_(4) was widely regarded as a low-cost hydrogen storage material due to its high-mass hydrogen capacity of approximately 10.8%(mass)and high volumetric hydrogen capacity of around 115 g·L^(–1).However,it exhibits strong stability and requires temperatures above 500℃ for hydrogen release in practical applications.In this study,two polyhydric alcohols,xylitol and erythritol(XE),were prepared as a binary eutectic sugar alcohol through a grinding-melting method.This binary eutectic sugar alcohol was used as a proton-hydrogen carrier to destabilize NaBH_(4).The 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite material prepared by ball milling could start releasing hydrogen at 57.5℃,and the total hydrogen release can reach over 88.8%(4.45%(mass))of the theoretical capacity.When the 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite was pressed into solid blocks,the volumetric hydrogen capacity of the block-shaped composite could reach 67.2 g·L^(–1).By controlling the temperature,the hydrogen desorption capacity of the NaBH_(4)-XE composite material was controllable,which has great potential for achieving solid-state hydrogen production from NaBH_(4).
文摘Artificial sweeteners are man-made substitutes for diet that needs low sugars or caloric intake. Recent studies have shown that AS consumption is possibly associated with metabolic disturbances and intestinal flora disturbances. Erythritol is a kind of 4-carbon sugar substitute in the form of sugar alcohol, which may contribute to the prevention of gingivitis by inhibit the biofilm formation of oral bacteria. Despite these studies, the data on how erythritol affects commensal flora causing pathogenicity to remain limited. In this study, microbiota (Escherichia coli) models were used to investigate the effects of different concentration of erythritol on the metabolism of bacteria, especially on Escherichia coli’s growth, transformation efficiency and hemolytic activity. The results showed that sweeteners decreased the bacteria’s ability to normally grow in higher concentration, and form biofilms to varying degrees. And the addition of erythritol in low concentration may have an effect of promote the growth of Escherichia coli. Habitual consumption of artificial sweeteners in the diet continues to increase was associated with the maintenance of micro-ecological equilibrium in gut.
基金financially supported by the Key 647 Research and Development Project of Hebei 22372601Dthe financial support of Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations.
文摘Regarding sugar and salt crystallization with large single crystals,the agglomerate thermodynamics and geometric morphologies,not the dynamics,dominate the particle size distribution(PSD).To consider this issue,a PSD design model is proposed for limited large crystal agglomeration.In this model,the agglomeration thermodynamic criticality is determined by estimating the adhesion and dispersion forces between single crystals.The geometric agglomerate morphologies are described by corresponding single crystal units stacking with porosity.By seed well-controlled of population,the key parameters of PSD(D01,D50 and D99)are precisely designed.For erythritol,the model design accuracies are 92%–99%in the 1.2 L and 10 L crystallizers,indicating that it can design PSD at various crystallization scales.Concerning the general research attention to microcrystal agglomeration kinetics(mostly active pharmaceutical ingredients),this model effectively guides the sugar and salt PSD design with limited large crystal agglomeration.
