Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have g...Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.展开更多
Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is one of the most important tyrosine kinase receptor families,which plays a pivotal role in cell signaling transduction and physiological processes.Studies on the EGFR gene in hu...Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is one of the most important tyrosine kinase receptor families,which plays a pivotal role in cell signaling transduction and physiological processes.Studies on the EGFR gene in humans and other species have demonstrated its pivotal role in regulating the sodium ion balance and mediating sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney's proximal tubules.However,the impact of EGFR gene in how the Yarkand hare(Lepus yarkandensis)adapts to extreme environmental habitat remains unclear,The Yarkand hare is a desert-dwelling animal with multiple adaptations to cope with drought.Given the important physiological function of EGFR gene,we strived to understand its role in arid environment and explore the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance in the Yarkand hare.We first performed segmental cloning of the CDS of the Yarkand hare EGFR gene.Then,We constructed the phylogenetic tree of the Yarkand hare's EGFR gene and compared it with that of other species.The results showed that the Yarkand hare was most closely related to the Tolai hare(Lepus tolai).Through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),we discovered that EGFR expression in the kidneys of the Yarkand hare was higher than in the allopatric Tolai hare from non-arid areas.Therefore,we hypothesized that EGFR gene overexpression in the kidney of the Yarkand hare may play a crucial role in drought adaptability.Subsequently,we inserted CDS of EGFR gene into a pcDNA3.1-EGFP expression vector to construct recombinant plasmid,which was transfected into HeLa cells and overexpressed.RT-qPCR demonstrated a notable and statistically significant increase in EGFR mRNA expression and western blot proved stable expression of this protein in HeLa cells.Through cell experiments,EGFR gene overexpression markedly enhanced the survival of Hela cells subjected to NaCl,H_(2)O_(2),and heat stresses,increased superoxide dismutase activity,and decreased malondialdehyde content.In conclusion,these findings preliminarily suggest that EGFR might help the Yarkand hare adapt to extreme environmental conditions.EGFR manipulation in vivo could be a promising strategy to enhance the resilience of animals to extreme conditions.展开更多
Background:Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis(TEN)is a potentially fatal dermatological condition primarily triggered by adverse drug reactions.It is characterized by extensive epidermal necrosis and separation,affecting more...Background:Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis(TEN)is a potentially fatal dermatological condition primarily triggered by adverse drug reactions.It is characterized by extensive epidermal necrosis and separation,affecting more than 30%of the body surface area,and leading to severe complications such as sepsis and multi-organ failure.Common causative agents include antibiotics,anticonvulsants,and NSAIDs.The pathophysiology of TEN in-volves an immune-mediated response,where cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs)and natural killer(NK)cells release cytotoxic proteins such as perforin,granzyme B,and granulysin,leading to widespread keratinocyte apoptosis.This immune response results in massive skin detachment and mucosal damage.Despite its rarity,TEN has a high mortality rate,necessitating early diagnosis and intervention.Case presentation:This paper provides a comprehensive review of TEN,discussing its history,pathophysiology,clinical features,and current understanding of treatment strategies.A case series of 11 patients who developed TEN after exposure to various drugs,including Lamotrigine,Phenytoin,Diclofenac,Ibuprofen,Aceclofenac,Amoxicillin,Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine,Amoxiclav,and Gabapentin,is presented.The cases highlight the importance of early drug discontinuation,supportive care,and adjunctive therapies such as intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)and corticosteroids.Prognostic factors,such as the extent of skin detachment and sys-temic complications,significantly influenced patient outcomes.All patients recovered with timely intervention and intensive care,except for a few who succumbed to the severity of the condition.Conclusion:This study underscores the need for early intervention,multidisciplinary care,and robust pharma-covigilance systems to reduce the incidence and severity of TEN.Increased awareness of risk factors and early recognition of symptoms associated with high-risk medications are crucial in improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality.展开更多
BACKGROUND In patients with colorectal cancer(CRC),tumour metastasis is the leading cause of death.The search for key genes involved in metastasis of CRC is imperative for improved prognoses and treatments.SPDL1 has b...BACKGROUND In patients with colorectal cancer(CRC),tumour metastasis is the leading cause of death.The search for key genes involved in metastasis of CRC is imperative for improved prognoses and treatments.SPDL1 has been implicated in the deve-lopment of CRC,however,its mechanism of action remains unclear.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of action by which SPDL1 inhibits the development and metastasis of CRC.METHODS In this study,we examined the relationship between SPDL1 expression and CRC prognosis using immunohistochemistry.Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test.After knocking down SPDL1 in the HCT116 cancer cell line changes in cell viability,migration,invasion,and gene expression were examined using a cell counting kit 8 assay,Transwell assay,and Western blot.The effect of SPDL1 on the cell cycle was assessed using flow cy-tometry.RNA sequencing was used to analyse the effect of SPDL1 on gene expression of CRC cells.The mechanism of action of SPDL1 in CRC was further clarified using U0126,an inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.RESULTS SPDL1 is expressed at low levels in tissues of patients with CRC,and this reduced expression is associated with poor prognosis.Functionally,low expression of SPDL1 in CRC promotes cell proliferation,migration,invasion,and affects the cell cycle.Mechanistically,SPDL1 affects the progression of CRC through its regulation of the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)signaling pathways.CONCLUSION This study showed that the loss of SPDL1 may induce EMT and promote cell migration and invasion in CRC through the EGFR/ERK pathway.展开更多
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive gastric cancer(GC)represents a distinct molecular cancer subtype that is often associated with a poor prognosis.While perioperative chemotherapy regim...BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive gastric cancer(GC)represents a distinct molecular cancer subtype that is often associated with a poor prognosis.While perioperative chemotherapy regimens are currently the primary recommendation for locally advanced HER2-positive GC,combination therapies incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors are under active investigation.CASE SUMMARY The present case describes a patient with locally advanced HER2-positive GC who underwent perioperative treatment with chemotherapy combined with trastuzumab.Although significant tumor shrinkage was observed,surgical pathology results did not confirm the achievement of a pathological complete response.The current treatment strategies for advanced GC were also reviewed.Relevant case reports,retrospective studies,and prospective clinical trials were retrieved for analysis after searching the PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and American Society of Clinical Oncology/European Society for Medical Oncology conference abstracts between 2014 and 2024.CONCLUSION Large-scale phase Ⅲ clinical trials are needed to verify the efficacy of combined neoadjuvant treatment application for GC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Interleukin-22(IL-22)belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family,recognized for its ability to modulate diverse immune responses.Previous studies have indicated that IL-22 promotes cancer advancement and metastasi...BACKGROUND Interleukin-22(IL-22)belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family,recognized for its ability to modulate diverse immune responses.Previous studies have indicated that IL-22 promotes cancer advancement and metastasis.However,the precise function of IL-22 in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the role of IL-22 in promoting stem cell-like characteristics and chemotherapy resistance in CRC cells,as well as to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects.METHODS HCT116 cells were treated with IL-22(50 ng/mL)and oxaliplatin(L-OHP,5μg/mL).A series of functional assays-including cell counting kit-8 assay,tumor sphere formation assay,and cell apoptosis assay-were conducted to assess the effects of IL-22 on cell viability and stem cell-like characteristics.The expression of stemness-related markers(SOX2,Oct4,NANOG,and Bmi-1)was examined using Western blot analysis.Additionally,the total and phosphorylated levels of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),protein kinase B(AKT),and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)were evaluated by Western blot.An EGFR inhibitor,osimertinib(Osi),was used to assess the pathway's functional relevance.RESULTS IL-22 treatment promotes CRC cell proliferation,enhances sphere formation,and elevates the expression of stem cell markers,including SOX2,Oct4,NANOG,and Bmi-1.IL-22 treatment increases the phosphorylation of EGFR,AKT,and ERK.Additionally,IL-22 treatment mitigates the cytotoxic effects and the ability to induce apoptosis of L-OHP.Furthermore,IL-22 treatment activated the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway by increasing the phosphorylation of EGFR,AKT,and ERK.Importantly,the use of the EGFR inhibitor Osi significantly counteracted the chemoresistance induced by IL-22 in CRC cells.CONCLUSION IL-22 promotes tumor growth and induces chemotherapy resistance in CRC cells by activating the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway.These findings suggest that targeting IL-22 or its downstream signaling may offer novel therapeutic strategies in CRC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although targeted therapy provides survival benefits for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,some patients develop resistance to these treatments.Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)is over...BACKGROUND Although targeted therapy provides survival benefits for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,some patients develop resistance to these treatments.Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)is overexpressed in a subset of pa-tients with colorectal cancer and has been established as a therapeutic target.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes a Chinese patient with HER2-amplified advanced rectal cancer who showed no response to chemotherapy and targeted therapies against epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor but achieved a remarkable response following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in combination with pyrotinib.The combination of oxaliplatin and ICIs with pyrotinib demonstrates synergistic effects after late-stage disease progression.CONCLUSION ICIs and pyrotinib may be effective in treating HER2-amplified advanced rectal cancer.Chemotherapy following disease progression could enhance efficacy synergistically.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,with its incidence and mortality rates ranking among the highest in gastrointestinal cancers.The overexpression or gene amplification of h...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,with its incidence and mortality rates ranking among the highest in gastrointestinal cancers.The overexpression or gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)occurs in approximately 15%-20%of gastric cancers and serves as a critical molecular target influencing prognosis and treatment out-comes.For patients with HER-2-positive gastric cancer,trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy has been established as the standard first-line treatment.However,despite the demonstrated clinical benefits in prolonging survival,the overall efficacy remains limited.In recent years,with the successful application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in various malignant tumors,combining ICIs with existing standard treatment regimens has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HER-2-positive gastric cancer.Nevertheless,the efficacy and prognostic factors of ICIs combined with trastuzumab and chemotherapy in HER-2-positive gastric cancer remain unclear.AIM To analyze the efficacy of ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens and the prognostic factors in patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer.METHODS Clinical data from 104 patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer who were treated at our hospital between March 2021 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into a control group(n=54,treated with trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy as the standard regimen)and an observation group(n=50,treated with ICIs in addition to the standard regimen).The therapeutic efficacy,survival outcomes,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.RESULTS With a median follow-up time of 14.6 months,there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of objective response rate or disease control rate(P>0.05).The median progression-free survival(mPFS)and mPFS for patients with immunohistochemistry 3+in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Among patients in the observation group,those with positive programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression had a significantly higher mPFS than those with negative PD-L1 expression(P<0.05).Regarding adverse events,significant differences were observed between the two groups in hypothyroidism and neutropenia(P<0.05).Cox multivariate analysis showed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive programmed death-1 expression,and treatment regimen were independent factors influencing PFS(hazard ratio>1,P<0.05).CONCLUSION ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens for patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer demonstrate favorable clinical efficacy,significantly prolonging PFS with manageable safety.ECOG performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive PD-L1 expression,and treatment regimen are independent factors influ-encing PFS,warranting increased clinical attention to patients exhibiting these factors.展开更多
This paper summarizes the nursing experience of a 75-year-old patient who developed exfoliative dermatitis-type drug eruption induced by cold medicine and progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN).The core nursing...This paper summarizes the nursing experience of a 75-year-old patient who developed exfoliative dermatitis-type drug eruption induced by cold medicine and progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN).The core nursing measures included(1)Establishing a multidisciplinary team and implementing bundled care led by trauma specialist nurses;(2)Precise wound management using the“three-stage debridement method”and silver ion dressings;(3)Implementing multimodal analgesia based on dynamic pain assessment;(4)Strengthening fluid,electrolyte,and nutritional management;and(5)Providing individualized psychological support.After 14 days of treatment and nursing,the patient’s wounds were completely epithelialized,infection indicators returned to normal,pain was effectively controlled,and the patient was discharged successfully.No serious complications were observed during the 6-month follow-up.For elderly critically ill patients with TEN,constructing a systematic nursing model based on multidisciplinary collaboration and centered on trauma care is crucial for improving patient outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Yinchenhao decoction(YCHD)is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used to treat liver damage caused by obstructive jaundice(OJ).Although YCHD has demonstrated protective effects against liver damage,reduce...BACKGROUND Yinchenhao decoction(YCHD)is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used to treat liver damage caused by obstructive jaundice(OJ).Although YCHD has demonstrated protective effects against liver damage,reduced apoptosis,and mitigated oxidative stress in OJ,the precise molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood.AIM To investigate the beneficial effects of YCHD on OJ and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS The active constituents of YCHD were identified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,and their potential targets for OJ treatment were predicted through network pharmacology.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed.An OJ rat model was established by common bile duct ligation.Rats were divided into three groups:Sham surgery(S Group),model(O Group),and YCHD(Y Group).YCHD was administered to Group Y for one week.Bilirubin levels,liver function parameters,and bile acid concentrations in blood and urine were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The bile acid renal clearance rate(Clr)was calculated.Histopathological evaluation of liver and kidney tissues was performed using hematoxylin-eosin staining.Western blotting was utilized to assess the expression of key bile acid metabolism and transport proteins in both liver and kidney tissues.The expression of the constitutive androstane receptor(CAR)and its nuclear localization were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Molecular docking studies identified the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)as a potential target of YCHD's active components.An OJ cell model was created using human liver(L02)and renal tubular epithelial(HK-2)cells,which were treated with YCHD-containing serum.Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were employed to evaluate CAR expression and its nuclear localization in relation to EGFR activation.RESULTS Network analysis identified the EGFR signaling pathway as a key mechanism through which YCHD exerts its effects on OJ.In vivo experiments showed that YCHD improved liver function,reduced OJ-induced pathology in liver and kidney tissues,and decreased serum bile acid content by enhancing bile acid Clr and urine output.YCHD also increased CAR expression and nuclear heterotopy,upregulating proteins involved in bile acid metabolism and transport,including CYP3A4,UGT1A1,MRP3,and MRP4 in the liver,and MRP2 and MRP4 in the kidneys.In vitro,YCHD increased CAR expression and nuclear heterotopy in L02 and HK-2 cells,an effect that was reversed by EGFR agonists.CONCLUSION YCHD enhances bile acid metabolism in the liver and promotes bile acid excretion in the kidneys,ameliorating liver damage caused by OJ.These effects are likely mediated by the upregulation of CAR and its nuclear translocation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)plays pivotal roles in cellular proliferation,survival,and differentiation of several malignancies.Upper tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)is a relatively rare ma...BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)plays pivotal roles in cellular proliferation,survival,and differentiation of several malignancies.Upper tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)is a relatively rare malignancy.The clinical and molecular significance of HER2 expression level in UTUC remains poorly characterized vs bladder cancer.AIM To comprehensively evaluate HER2 expression patterns and their association with UTUC patients’clinicopathological features.METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from patients diagnosed with UTUC at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between January 2023 and December 2024.HER2 status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 145 UTUC patients who met the inclusion criteria.Its associations with tumor grade,tumor stage,and other clinicopathological parameters were assessed.Theχ2 test or Fisher’s exact test,along with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses,were performed to determine the influences of clinicopathological factors on HER2 expression.RESULTS HER2 positivity was significantly associated with high tumor grade(P=0.003),while other variables,including sex,anatomical tumor location,pathological T stage,Ki-67 proliferation index,nodal metastasis status,lymphovascular invasion,and tumor laterality failed to demonstrate statistically significant correlations.These findings were further substantiated through univariate logistic regression modeling,yielding an odds ratio of 3.56[95%confidence interval(CI):1.30-9.75;P=0.013]for the association between high tumor grade and HER2 positivity.Importantly,this relationship remained robust(hazard ratio=3.42,95%CI:1.22-9.60;P=0.019)even after implementing multivariate logistic regression analysis.With a median follow-up time of 8 months(interquartile range,4-14)months,14 patients experienced intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy.Certain patient characteristics,such as HER2-negative,male sex,high-grade tumors,and luminal phenotype,were associated with a higher risk of intravesical recurrence.CONCLUSION In UTUC,HER2 overexpression is closely associated with tumor dedifferentiation(high grade),while it does not correlate with conventional indicators of disease progression,indicating that HER2 may serve a distinct biological function in this cancer type.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC)is a rare,aggressive subtype of gastric cancer characterized by poor prognosis and distinctive biological behavior.Despite advances in gastric cancer treatment,SRCC r...BACKGROUND Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC)is a rare,aggressive subtype of gastric cancer characterized by poor prognosis and distinctive biological behavior.Despite advances in gastric cancer treatment,SRCC remains difficult to diagnose early and manage effectively due to its infiltrative pattern and molecular variability.Reliable prognostic markers are critical to guide clinical management.AIM To investigate the prognostic factors,including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)expression,associated with survival outcomes in patients with gastric SRCC.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 100 cases diagnosed between 2015 and 2019 was conducted,assessing demographic,clinical,and pathological data.HER2 expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry,and survival outcomes,including overall survival and disease-free survival,were examined.RESULTS With a median follow-up of 43 months,the median patient age was 50 years,and males exhibited a higher mortality rate(P=0.0107).Elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were significantly associated with increased mortality(P=0.00149 and P=0.00163,respectively).Advanced tumornode-metastasis stage and lymphovascular invasion were strong predictors of poor outcomes(P<0.001 and P=0.019).HER2 positivity correlated with higher mortality(P=0.00882)but was not significantly linked to recurrence(P=0.53).Surgical treatment significantly improved survival compared with non-surgical approaches(P=0.0226).CONCLUSION These findings highlight the aggressive nature of SRCC with advanced disease stage,elevated tumor markers,and lymphovascular invasion contributing to poor outcomes.HER2 expression,though infrequent,may indicate worse prognosis,reinforcing the role of surgical intervention in survival improvement.展开更多
The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in signal transduction and cellular responses.This review explores the function of EGFR in kidney physiology and its ...The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in signal transduction and cellular responses.This review explores the function of EGFR in kidney physiology and its implications for various kidney diseases.EGFR signaling is essential for kidney function and repair mechanisms,and its dysregulation significantly impacts both acute and chronic kidney conditions.The review discusses the normal distribution of EGFR in kidney tubular segments,the mechanism of its activation and inhibition,and the therapeutic potential of EGFR-targeting antagonists and ligands.Additionally,it explores the pathophysiological characteristics observed in rodent models of kidney diseases through pharmacological and genetic inhibition of EGFR,highlighting therapeutic challenges and limitations such as species differences,variability in disease models,and potential adverse effects.Overall,the findings underscore the multifaceted role of EGFR in kidney diseases,influencing inflammation,fibrosis,and tissue injury.This complex involvement suggests that targeting EGFR may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for managing these conditions,potentially mitigating inflammation and fibrosis while promoting tissue repair.展开更多
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is a transmembrane protein that is differentially expressed in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Endothelial dy-sfunction is a hallmark of GDM and plays a key role in ...BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is a transmembrane protein that is differentially expressed in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Endothelial dy-sfunction is a hallmark of GDM and plays a key role in its pathogenesis.EGFR is associated with endothelial dysfunction in the context of various diseases.How-ever,the exact mechanism by which EGFR causes endothelial dysfunction in GDM is unknown,particularly its regulation at the transcriptional and protein levels.METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the ex-pression of EGFR and H19.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of endothelial cell dysfunction markers.A cell counting kit 8 assay was used to assess cell viability,flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis,scratch and Transwell assays were used to assess cell migration,and a tube formation assay was used to assess cell vascular formation.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe histopathological changes in the placentas of the mice.RESULTS In this study,EGFR was upregulated in clinical samples,GDM animal models and GDM cell models,and the knockdown of EGFR could mitigate the effect of streptozotocin(STZ)and high glucose(HG);promoted the proliferation,migration and vascularization of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs);inhibited cell apoptosis and the expression of endothelial cell dysfunction markers(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,tumor necrosis factor-α,vascular endothelial growth factor-A,and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1);and alleviated the process of GDM in vivo.Mechanistically,EIF4A3 binding to long noncoding RNA H19 increased the stability of EGFR messenger RNA,thereby promoting HG-induced HUVECs dysfunction or STZ-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in GDM mice.In addition,ERRFI1 also regulated the expression of EGFR,and ERRFI1 inhibited EGFR activity by binding to EGFR,thereby inhibiting HG-induced HUVECs dysfunction.CONCLUSION Our study revealed that EGFR can accelerate the development of GDM by promoting endothelial cell dysfunction.展开更多
An epidermal nevus(EN)is a common disease of various types,including verrucous EN,nevus sebaceous,inflammatory linear verrucous EN,Becker nevus,smooth muscle hamartoma,and nevus comedonicus.EN syndrome is a serious an...An epidermal nevus(EN)is a common disease of various types,including verrucous EN,nevus sebaceous,inflammatory linear verrucous EN,Becker nevus,smooth muscle hamartoma,and nevus comedonicus.EN syndrome is a serious and difficult-to-treat syndrome that is complicated by two or more abnormal organs or systems.To date,the mechanism of an EN is still unclear,and the therapies remain unsatisfactory.The most frequently used treatments are surgery and laser therapy.Several drugs have also been tested.An EN requires more attention,and further research is needed to provide appropriate and effective treatments for each patient.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of salt stress on cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana rosette leaves.[Method] Arabidopsis seedlings were treated by sodium chloride at the concentrat...[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of salt stress on cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana rosette leaves.[Method] Arabidopsis seedlings were treated by sodium chloride at the concentration of 0,100 or 150 mmol/L. At the 7th and 14th d of treatment,with nail enamel printing mark method and computer software,the leaf blades area and abaxial epidermal pavement cells area was measured and compared using statistical analysis in Excel. [Result] The growth of Arabidopsis rosette leaves was inhibited under salt stress. Leaves treated for 7 or 14 d expanded less compared with controls. The salt-mediated decrease in leaf expansion is associated with a decrease in abaxial pavement cell expansion. [Conclusion] The decreased leaf and epidermal cell expansion under salt stress is the most important characteristic of plant physiological response to salt stress.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC) ranked third in cancer related death and its incidence has been increasing worldwide. In recent decades important therapeutic advances have been developed in treatment of metastatic CRC(mCRC), s...Colorectal cancer(CRC) ranked third in cancer related death and its incidence has been increasing worldwide. In recent decades important therapeutic advances have been developed in treatment of metastatic CRC(mCRC), such as monoclonal antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor(anti-EGFR), which provided additional clinical benefits in mCRC. However, anti-EGFR therapies have limited usage due to approximately 95% of patients with KRAS mutated mCRC do not response to anti-EGFR treatment. Thus, KRAS mutation is predictive of nonresponse to anti-EGFR therapies but it alone is not a sufficient basis to decide who should not be received such therapies because; approximately fifty percent(40%-60%) of CRC patients with wild-type KRAS mutation also have poor response to anti-EGFR based treatment. This fact leads us to suspect that there must be other molecular determinants of response to anti-EGFR therapies which have not been identified yet. Current article summarizes the clinical efficacy of anti-EGFR therapies and also evaluates its resistance mechanisms.展开更多
Numerous molecular mechanisms are being examined in an attempt to discover disease-modifying drugs to slow down the underlying neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.Recent studies have shown the beneficial effects...Numerous molecular mechanisms are being examined in an attempt to discover disease-modifying drugs to slow down the underlying neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.Recent studies have shown the beneficial effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors on the enhancement of behavioral and pathological sequelae in Alzheimer’s disease.Despite the promising effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease,there is no irrefutable neuroprotective evidence in well-established animal models using epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors due to many un-explored downstream signaling pathways.This caused controversy about the potential involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in any prospective clinical trial.In this review,the mystery beyond the under-investigation of epidermal growth factor receptor in Alzheimer’s disease will be discussed.Furthermore,their molecular mechanisms in neurodegeneration will be explained.Also,we will shed light on SARS-COVID-19 induced neurological manifestations mediated by epidermal growth factor modulation.Finally,we will discuss future perspectives and under-examined epidermal growth factor receptor downstream signaling pathways that warrant more exploration.We conclude that epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors are novel effective therapeutic approaches that require further research in attempts to be repositioned in the delay of Alzheimer’s disease progression.展开更多
Objective To investigate the associations between epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） gene mutations and serum tumor markers in advanced lung adenocarcinomas. Methods We investigated the association between EGF...Objective To investigate the associations between epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） gene mutations and serum tumor markers in advanced lung adenocarcinomas. Methods We investigated the association between EGFR gene mutations and clinical features, including serum tumor marker levels, in 97 advanced lung adenocarcinomas patients who did not undergo the treatment of EGlaR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. EGFR gene mutation was detected by real-time PCR at exons 18, 19, 20, and 21. Serum tumor marker concentrations were analyzed by chemiluminescence assay kit at the same time. Results EGFR gene mutations were detected in 42 （43%） advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. Gender （P=0.003）, smoking status （P=0.001）, and abnormal serum status of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA, P=0.028） were significantly associated with EGFR gene mutation incidence. Multivariate analysis showed the abnormal CEA level in serum was independently associated with the incidence of EGFR gene mutation （P=0.046） with an odds ratio of 2.613 （95% Ch 1.018-6.710）. However, receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis revealed CEA was not an ideal predictive marker for EGFR gene mutation status in advanced lung adenocarcinoma （the area under the ROC curve was 0.608, P=0.069）. Conclusions EGFR gene mutation status is significantly associated with serum CEA status in advanced lung adenocarcinmoas. However, serum CEA is not an ideal predictor for EGFR mutation.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52025055,52375576,52350349)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2022GXLH-01-12)+2 种基金Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Equipment Pre-research(No.8091B03012304)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2022004607001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.xtr072024031).
文摘Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.
基金supported by the Central Guidance for Local Projects of Xinjiang(ZYYD2024ZY04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260116).
文摘Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is one of the most important tyrosine kinase receptor families,which plays a pivotal role in cell signaling transduction and physiological processes.Studies on the EGFR gene in humans and other species have demonstrated its pivotal role in regulating the sodium ion balance and mediating sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney's proximal tubules.However,the impact of EGFR gene in how the Yarkand hare(Lepus yarkandensis)adapts to extreme environmental habitat remains unclear,The Yarkand hare is a desert-dwelling animal with multiple adaptations to cope with drought.Given the important physiological function of EGFR gene,we strived to understand its role in arid environment and explore the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance in the Yarkand hare.We first performed segmental cloning of the CDS of the Yarkand hare EGFR gene.Then,We constructed the phylogenetic tree of the Yarkand hare's EGFR gene and compared it with that of other species.The results showed that the Yarkand hare was most closely related to the Tolai hare(Lepus tolai).Through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),we discovered that EGFR expression in the kidneys of the Yarkand hare was higher than in the allopatric Tolai hare from non-arid areas.Therefore,we hypothesized that EGFR gene overexpression in the kidney of the Yarkand hare may play a crucial role in drought adaptability.Subsequently,we inserted CDS of EGFR gene into a pcDNA3.1-EGFP expression vector to construct recombinant plasmid,which was transfected into HeLa cells and overexpressed.RT-qPCR demonstrated a notable and statistically significant increase in EGFR mRNA expression and western blot proved stable expression of this protein in HeLa cells.Through cell experiments,EGFR gene overexpression markedly enhanced the survival of Hela cells subjected to NaCl,H_(2)O_(2),and heat stresses,increased superoxide dismutase activity,and decreased malondialdehyde content.In conclusion,these findings preliminarily suggest that EGFR might help the Yarkand hare adapt to extreme environmental conditions.EGFR manipulation in vivo could be a promising strategy to enhance the resilience of animals to extreme conditions.
文摘Background:Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis(TEN)is a potentially fatal dermatological condition primarily triggered by adverse drug reactions.It is characterized by extensive epidermal necrosis and separation,affecting more than 30%of the body surface area,and leading to severe complications such as sepsis and multi-organ failure.Common causative agents include antibiotics,anticonvulsants,and NSAIDs.The pathophysiology of TEN in-volves an immune-mediated response,where cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs)and natural killer(NK)cells release cytotoxic proteins such as perforin,granzyme B,and granulysin,leading to widespread keratinocyte apoptosis.This immune response results in massive skin detachment and mucosal damage.Despite its rarity,TEN has a high mortality rate,necessitating early diagnosis and intervention.Case presentation:This paper provides a comprehensive review of TEN,discussing its history,pathophysiology,clinical features,and current understanding of treatment strategies.A case series of 11 patients who developed TEN after exposure to various drugs,including Lamotrigine,Phenytoin,Diclofenac,Ibuprofen,Aceclofenac,Amoxicillin,Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine,Amoxiclav,and Gabapentin,is presented.The cases highlight the importance of early drug discontinuation,supportive care,and adjunctive therapies such as intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)and corticosteroids.Prognostic factors,such as the extent of skin detachment and sys-temic complications,significantly influenced patient outcomes.All patients recovered with timely intervention and intensive care,except for a few who succumbed to the severity of the condition.Conclusion:This study underscores the need for early intervention,multidisciplinary care,and robust pharma-covigilance systems to reduce the incidence and severity of TEN.Increased awareness of risk factors and early recognition of symptoms associated with high-risk medications are crucial in improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,No.2019GXNSFAA185030 and No.2023GXNSFBA026129the Scientific Research Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,No.EFYKY2020013the Cultivation Science Foundation of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,No.GJPY2023005 and No.GJPY2023009.
文摘BACKGROUND In patients with colorectal cancer(CRC),tumour metastasis is the leading cause of death.The search for key genes involved in metastasis of CRC is imperative for improved prognoses and treatments.SPDL1 has been implicated in the deve-lopment of CRC,however,its mechanism of action remains unclear.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of action by which SPDL1 inhibits the development and metastasis of CRC.METHODS In this study,we examined the relationship between SPDL1 expression and CRC prognosis using immunohistochemistry.Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test.After knocking down SPDL1 in the HCT116 cancer cell line changes in cell viability,migration,invasion,and gene expression were examined using a cell counting kit 8 assay,Transwell assay,and Western blot.The effect of SPDL1 on the cell cycle was assessed using flow cy-tometry.RNA sequencing was used to analyse the effect of SPDL1 on gene expression of CRC cells.The mechanism of action of SPDL1 in CRC was further clarified using U0126,an inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.RESULTS SPDL1 is expressed at low levels in tissues of patients with CRC,and this reduced expression is associated with poor prognosis.Functionally,low expression of SPDL1 in CRC promotes cell proliferation,migration,invasion,and affects the cell cycle.Mechanistically,SPDL1 affects the progression of CRC through its regulation of the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)signaling pathways.CONCLUSION This study showed that the loss of SPDL1 may induce EMT and promote cell migration and invasion in CRC through the EGFR/ERK pathway.
基金Supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences CIFMS,No.2023-I2M-3-012.
文摘BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive gastric cancer(GC)represents a distinct molecular cancer subtype that is often associated with a poor prognosis.While perioperative chemotherapy regimens are currently the primary recommendation for locally advanced HER2-positive GC,combination therapies incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors are under active investigation.CASE SUMMARY The present case describes a patient with locally advanced HER2-positive GC who underwent perioperative treatment with chemotherapy combined with trastuzumab.Although significant tumor shrinkage was observed,surgical pathology results did not confirm the achievement of a pathological complete response.The current treatment strategies for advanced GC were also reviewed.Relevant case reports,retrospective studies,and prospective clinical trials were retrieved for analysis after searching the PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and American Society of Clinical Oncology/European Society for Medical Oncology conference abstracts between 2014 and 2024.CONCLUSION Large-scale phase Ⅲ clinical trials are needed to verify the efficacy of combined neoadjuvant treatment application for GC.
文摘BACKGROUND Interleukin-22(IL-22)belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family,recognized for its ability to modulate diverse immune responses.Previous studies have indicated that IL-22 promotes cancer advancement and metastasis.However,the precise function of IL-22 in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the role of IL-22 in promoting stem cell-like characteristics and chemotherapy resistance in CRC cells,as well as to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects.METHODS HCT116 cells were treated with IL-22(50 ng/mL)and oxaliplatin(L-OHP,5μg/mL).A series of functional assays-including cell counting kit-8 assay,tumor sphere formation assay,and cell apoptosis assay-were conducted to assess the effects of IL-22 on cell viability and stem cell-like characteristics.The expression of stemness-related markers(SOX2,Oct4,NANOG,and Bmi-1)was examined using Western blot analysis.Additionally,the total and phosphorylated levels of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),protein kinase B(AKT),and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)were evaluated by Western blot.An EGFR inhibitor,osimertinib(Osi),was used to assess the pathway's functional relevance.RESULTS IL-22 treatment promotes CRC cell proliferation,enhances sphere formation,and elevates the expression of stem cell markers,including SOX2,Oct4,NANOG,and Bmi-1.IL-22 treatment increases the phosphorylation of EGFR,AKT,and ERK.Additionally,IL-22 treatment mitigates the cytotoxic effects and the ability to induce apoptosis of L-OHP.Furthermore,IL-22 treatment activated the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway by increasing the phosphorylation of EGFR,AKT,and ERK.Importantly,the use of the EGFR inhibitor Osi significantly counteracted the chemoresistance induced by IL-22 in CRC cells.CONCLUSION IL-22 promotes tumor growth and induces chemotherapy resistance in CRC cells by activating the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway.These findings suggest that targeting IL-22 or its downstream signaling may offer novel therapeutic strategies in CRC.
基金Supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission Personnel Talent Project,No.R2017005.
文摘BACKGROUND Although targeted therapy provides survival benefits for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,some patients develop resistance to these treatments.Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)is overexpressed in a subset of pa-tients with colorectal cancer and has been established as a therapeutic target.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes a Chinese patient with HER2-amplified advanced rectal cancer who showed no response to chemotherapy and targeted therapies against epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor but achieved a remarkable response following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in combination with pyrotinib.The combination of oxaliplatin and ICIs with pyrotinib demonstrates synergistic effects after late-stage disease progression.CONCLUSION ICIs and pyrotinib may be effective in treating HER2-amplified advanced rectal cancer.Chemotherapy following disease progression could enhance efficacy synergistically.
基金This study was approved by the ethics committee of the First People’s Hospital of Fuzhou City(No.FZ202103).
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,with its incidence and mortality rates ranking among the highest in gastrointestinal cancers.The overexpression or gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)occurs in approximately 15%-20%of gastric cancers and serves as a critical molecular target influencing prognosis and treatment out-comes.For patients with HER-2-positive gastric cancer,trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy has been established as the standard first-line treatment.However,despite the demonstrated clinical benefits in prolonging survival,the overall efficacy remains limited.In recent years,with the successful application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in various malignant tumors,combining ICIs with existing standard treatment regimens has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HER-2-positive gastric cancer.Nevertheless,the efficacy and prognostic factors of ICIs combined with trastuzumab and chemotherapy in HER-2-positive gastric cancer remain unclear.AIM To analyze the efficacy of ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens and the prognostic factors in patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer.METHODS Clinical data from 104 patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer who were treated at our hospital between March 2021 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into a control group(n=54,treated with trastuzumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy as the standard regimen)and an observation group(n=50,treated with ICIs in addition to the standard regimen).The therapeutic efficacy,survival outcomes,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.RESULTS With a median follow-up time of 14.6 months,there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of objective response rate or disease control rate(P>0.05).The median progression-free survival(mPFS)and mPFS for patients with immunohistochemistry 3+in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Among patients in the observation group,those with positive programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression had a significantly higher mPFS than those with negative PD-L1 expression(P<0.05).Regarding adverse events,significant differences were observed between the two groups in hypothyroidism and neutropenia(P<0.05).Cox multivariate analysis showed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive programmed death-1 expression,and treatment regimen were independent factors influencing PFS(hazard ratio>1,P<0.05).CONCLUSION ICIs combined with standard treatment regimens for patients with advanced HER-2-positive gastric cancer demonstrate favorable clinical efficacy,significantly prolonging PFS with manageable safety.ECOG performance status,peritoneal metastasis,positive PD-L1 expression,and treatment regimen are independent factors influ-encing PFS,warranting increased clinical attention to patients exhibiting these factors.
基金Hospital-level Young and Middle-aged Cultivation Project of Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital(Project No.:XYY2025QN2)。
文摘This paper summarizes the nursing experience of a 75-year-old patient who developed exfoliative dermatitis-type drug eruption induced by cold medicine and progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN).The core nursing measures included(1)Establishing a multidisciplinary team and implementing bundled care led by trauma specialist nurses;(2)Precise wound management using the“three-stage debridement method”and silver ion dressings;(3)Implementing multimodal analgesia based on dynamic pain assessment;(4)Strengthening fluid,electrolyte,and nutritional management;and(5)Providing individualized psychological support.After 14 days of treatment and nursing,the patient’s wounds were completely epithelialized,infection indicators returned to normal,pain was effectively controlled,and the patient was discharged successfully.No serious complications were observed during the 6-month follow-up.For elderly critically ill patients with TEN,constructing a systematic nursing model based on multidisciplinary collaboration and centered on trauma care is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
基金Supported by Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Scientific Research Program,China,No.2022KJ271.
文摘BACKGROUND Yinchenhao decoction(YCHD)is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used to treat liver damage caused by obstructive jaundice(OJ).Although YCHD has demonstrated protective effects against liver damage,reduced apoptosis,and mitigated oxidative stress in OJ,the precise molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood.AIM To investigate the beneficial effects of YCHD on OJ and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS The active constituents of YCHD were identified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,and their potential targets for OJ treatment were predicted through network pharmacology.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed.An OJ rat model was established by common bile duct ligation.Rats were divided into three groups:Sham surgery(S Group),model(O Group),and YCHD(Y Group).YCHD was administered to Group Y for one week.Bilirubin levels,liver function parameters,and bile acid concentrations in blood and urine were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The bile acid renal clearance rate(Clr)was calculated.Histopathological evaluation of liver and kidney tissues was performed using hematoxylin-eosin staining.Western blotting was utilized to assess the expression of key bile acid metabolism and transport proteins in both liver and kidney tissues.The expression of the constitutive androstane receptor(CAR)and its nuclear localization were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Molecular docking studies identified the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)as a potential target of YCHD's active components.An OJ cell model was created using human liver(L02)and renal tubular epithelial(HK-2)cells,which were treated with YCHD-containing serum.Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were employed to evaluate CAR expression and its nuclear localization in relation to EGFR activation.RESULTS Network analysis identified the EGFR signaling pathway as a key mechanism through which YCHD exerts its effects on OJ.In vivo experiments showed that YCHD improved liver function,reduced OJ-induced pathology in liver and kidney tissues,and decreased serum bile acid content by enhancing bile acid Clr and urine output.YCHD also increased CAR expression and nuclear heterotopy,upregulating proteins involved in bile acid metabolism and transport,including CYP3A4,UGT1A1,MRP3,and MRP4 in the liver,and MRP2 and MRP4 in the kidneys.In vitro,YCHD increased CAR expression and nuclear heterotopy in L02 and HK-2 cells,an effect that was reversed by EGFR agonists.CONCLUSION YCHD enhances bile acid metabolism in the liver and promotes bile acid excretion in the kidneys,ameliorating liver damage caused by OJ.These effects are likely mediated by the upregulation of CAR and its nuclear translocation.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Health Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,No.Z-A20240546Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform Project of Guangxi Medical University,No.2025XJGYC38and Key Textbook Construction Project of Guangxi Medical University,No.Gxmuzdjc2417。
文摘BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)plays pivotal roles in cellular proliferation,survival,and differentiation of several malignancies.Upper tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)is a relatively rare malignancy.The clinical and molecular significance of HER2 expression level in UTUC remains poorly characterized vs bladder cancer.AIM To comprehensively evaluate HER2 expression patterns and their association with UTUC patients’clinicopathological features.METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from patients diagnosed with UTUC at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between January 2023 and December 2024.HER2 status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 145 UTUC patients who met the inclusion criteria.Its associations with tumor grade,tumor stage,and other clinicopathological parameters were assessed.Theχ2 test or Fisher’s exact test,along with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses,were performed to determine the influences of clinicopathological factors on HER2 expression.RESULTS HER2 positivity was significantly associated with high tumor grade(P=0.003),while other variables,including sex,anatomical tumor location,pathological T stage,Ki-67 proliferation index,nodal metastasis status,lymphovascular invasion,and tumor laterality failed to demonstrate statistically significant correlations.These findings were further substantiated through univariate logistic regression modeling,yielding an odds ratio of 3.56[95%confidence interval(CI):1.30-9.75;P=0.013]for the association between high tumor grade and HER2 positivity.Importantly,this relationship remained robust(hazard ratio=3.42,95%CI:1.22-9.60;P=0.019)even after implementing multivariate logistic regression analysis.With a median follow-up time of 8 months(interquartile range,4-14)months,14 patients experienced intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy.Certain patient characteristics,such as HER2-negative,male sex,high-grade tumors,and luminal phenotype,were associated with a higher risk of intravesical recurrence.CONCLUSION In UTUC,HER2 overexpression is closely associated with tumor dedifferentiation(high grade),while it does not correlate with conventional indicators of disease progression,indicating that HER2 may serve a distinct biological function in this cancer type.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC)is a rare,aggressive subtype of gastric cancer characterized by poor prognosis and distinctive biological behavior.Despite advances in gastric cancer treatment,SRCC remains difficult to diagnose early and manage effectively due to its infiltrative pattern and molecular variability.Reliable prognostic markers are critical to guide clinical management.AIM To investigate the prognostic factors,including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)expression,associated with survival outcomes in patients with gastric SRCC.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 100 cases diagnosed between 2015 and 2019 was conducted,assessing demographic,clinical,and pathological data.HER2 expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry,and survival outcomes,including overall survival and disease-free survival,were examined.RESULTS With a median follow-up of 43 months,the median patient age was 50 years,and males exhibited a higher mortality rate(P=0.0107).Elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were significantly associated with increased mortality(P=0.00149 and P=0.00163,respectively).Advanced tumornode-metastasis stage and lymphovascular invasion were strong predictors of poor outcomes(P<0.001 and P=0.019).HER2 positivity correlated with higher mortality(P=0.00882)but was not significantly linked to recurrence(P=0.53).Surgical treatment significantly improved survival compared with non-surgical approaches(P=0.0226).CONCLUSION These findings highlight the aggressive nature of SRCC with advanced disease stage,elevated tumor markers,and lymphovascular invasion contributing to poor outcomes.HER2 expression,though infrequent,may indicate worse prognosis,reinforcing the role of surgical intervention in survival improvement.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)and funded by the Ministry of Education(2021R1I1A3056002,to Jinu Kim,RS-2023-00274853,to Daeun MOON).
文摘The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in signal transduction and cellular responses.This review explores the function of EGFR in kidney physiology and its implications for various kidney diseases.EGFR signaling is essential for kidney function and repair mechanisms,and its dysregulation significantly impacts both acute and chronic kidney conditions.The review discusses the normal distribution of EGFR in kidney tubular segments,the mechanism of its activation and inhibition,and the therapeutic potential of EGFR-targeting antagonists and ligands.Additionally,it explores the pathophysiological characteristics observed in rodent models of kidney diseases through pharmacological and genetic inhibition of EGFR,highlighting therapeutic challenges and limitations such as species differences,variability in disease models,and potential adverse effects.Overall,the findings underscore the multifaceted role of EGFR in kidney diseases,influencing inflammation,fibrosis,and tissue injury.This complex involvement suggests that targeting EGFR may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for managing these conditions,potentially mitigating inflammation and fibrosis while promoting tissue repair.
基金Supported by the Youth Talent Program of Yunnan“Ten-thousand Talents Program”,No.YNWR-QNBJ-2018-169the Science Project of Yunnan Science and Technology Department,No.202201AY070001-068.
文摘BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is a transmembrane protein that is differentially expressed in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Endothelial dy-sfunction is a hallmark of GDM and plays a key role in its pathogenesis.EGFR is associated with endothelial dysfunction in the context of various diseases.How-ever,the exact mechanism by which EGFR causes endothelial dysfunction in GDM is unknown,particularly its regulation at the transcriptional and protein levels.METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the ex-pression of EGFR and H19.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of endothelial cell dysfunction markers.A cell counting kit 8 assay was used to assess cell viability,flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis,scratch and Transwell assays were used to assess cell migration,and a tube formation assay was used to assess cell vascular formation.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe histopathological changes in the placentas of the mice.RESULTS In this study,EGFR was upregulated in clinical samples,GDM animal models and GDM cell models,and the knockdown of EGFR could mitigate the effect of streptozotocin(STZ)and high glucose(HG);promoted the proliferation,migration and vascularization of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs);inhibited cell apoptosis and the expression of endothelial cell dysfunction markers(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,tumor necrosis factor-α,vascular endothelial growth factor-A,and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1);and alleviated the process of GDM in vivo.Mechanistically,EIF4A3 binding to long noncoding RNA H19 increased the stability of EGFR messenger RNA,thereby promoting HG-induced HUVECs dysfunction or STZ-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in GDM mice.In addition,ERRFI1 also regulated the expression of EGFR,and ERRFI1 inhibited EGFR activity by binding to EGFR,thereby inhibiting HG-induced HUVECs dysfunction.CONCLUSION Our study revealed that EGFR can accelerate the development of GDM by promoting endothelial cell dysfunction.
文摘An epidermal nevus(EN)is a common disease of various types,including verrucous EN,nevus sebaceous,inflammatory linear verrucous EN,Becker nevus,smooth muscle hamartoma,and nevus comedonicus.EN syndrome is a serious and difficult-to-treat syndrome that is complicated by two or more abnormal organs or systems.To date,the mechanism of an EN is still unclear,and the therapies remain unsatisfactory.The most frequently used treatments are surgery and laser therapy.Several drugs have also been tested.An EN requires more attention,and further research is needed to provide appropriate and effective treatments for each patient.
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of salt stress on cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana rosette leaves.[Method] Arabidopsis seedlings were treated by sodium chloride at the concentration of 0,100 or 150 mmol/L. At the 7th and 14th d of treatment,with nail enamel printing mark method and computer software,the leaf blades area and abaxial epidermal pavement cells area was measured and compared using statistical analysis in Excel. [Result] The growth of Arabidopsis rosette leaves was inhibited under salt stress. Leaves treated for 7 or 14 d expanded less compared with controls. The salt-mediated decrease in leaf expansion is associated with a decrease in abaxial pavement cell expansion. [Conclusion] The decreased leaf and epidermal cell expansion under salt stress is the most important characteristic of plant physiological response to salt stress.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) ranked third in cancer related death and its incidence has been increasing worldwide. In recent decades important therapeutic advances have been developed in treatment of metastatic CRC(mCRC), such as monoclonal antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor(anti-EGFR), which provided additional clinical benefits in mCRC. However, anti-EGFR therapies have limited usage due to approximately 95% of patients with KRAS mutated mCRC do not response to anti-EGFR treatment. Thus, KRAS mutation is predictive of nonresponse to anti-EGFR therapies but it alone is not a sufficient basis to decide who should not be received such therapies because; approximately fifty percent(40%-60%) of CRC patients with wild-type KRAS mutation also have poor response to anti-EGFR based treatment. This fact leads us to suspect that there must be other molecular determinants of response to anti-EGFR therapies which have not been identified yet. Current article summarizes the clinical efficacy of anti-EGFR therapies and also evaluates its resistance mechanisms.
文摘Numerous molecular mechanisms are being examined in an attempt to discover disease-modifying drugs to slow down the underlying neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.Recent studies have shown the beneficial effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors on the enhancement of behavioral and pathological sequelae in Alzheimer’s disease.Despite the promising effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease,there is no irrefutable neuroprotective evidence in well-established animal models using epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors due to many un-explored downstream signaling pathways.This caused controversy about the potential involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in any prospective clinical trial.In this review,the mystery beyond the under-investigation of epidermal growth factor receptor in Alzheimer’s disease will be discussed.Furthermore,their molecular mechanisms in neurodegeneration will be explained.Also,we will shed light on SARS-COVID-19 induced neurological manifestations mediated by epidermal growth factor modulation.Finally,we will discuss future perspectives and under-examined epidermal growth factor receptor downstream signaling pathways that warrant more exploration.We conclude that epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors are novel effective therapeutic approaches that require further research in attempts to be repositioned in the delay of Alzheimer’s disease progression.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Fund of China(31370920)Public Technology Research Program of Zhejiang Province(2014C33157)Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province(2014KYA225)
文摘Objective To investigate the associations between epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） gene mutations and serum tumor markers in advanced lung adenocarcinomas. Methods We investigated the association between EGFR gene mutations and clinical features, including serum tumor marker levels, in 97 advanced lung adenocarcinomas patients who did not undergo the treatment of EGlaR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. EGFR gene mutation was detected by real-time PCR at exons 18, 19, 20, and 21. Serum tumor marker concentrations were analyzed by chemiluminescence assay kit at the same time. Results EGFR gene mutations were detected in 42 （43%） advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. Gender （P=0.003）, smoking status （P=0.001）, and abnormal serum status of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA, P=0.028） were significantly associated with EGFR gene mutation incidence. Multivariate analysis showed the abnormal CEA level in serum was independently associated with the incidence of EGFR gene mutation （P=0.046） with an odds ratio of 2.613 （95% Ch 1.018-6.710）. However, receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis revealed CEA was not an ideal predictive marker for EGFR gene mutation status in advanced lung adenocarcinoma （the area under the ROC curve was 0.608, P=0.069）. Conclusions EGFR gene mutation status is significantly associated with serum CEA status in advanced lung adenocarcinmoas. However, serum CEA is not an ideal predictor for EGFR mutation.
